期中考复习之阅读理解（说明文&议论文）-【题型易-考前特训】2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语 期中考 必考题型 满分冲刺（人教版）

考前特训 期中考 阅读理解 仿真模拟 考前特训（新教材人教版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 特 训 范 围 Unit 1 Time to Relax Unit 2 Stay Healthy Unit 3 Growing Up Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Passage 1 China has many wetlands (湿地) and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve (自然保护区) is in them. More than 700 Milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (鹤) in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Crane Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent floods. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and less space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. 1. Usually the weather in the wetlands is ________. A．hot B．pleasant C．cold D．dry 2. The phrase “prevent floods” in the passage probably means ________. A．cause floods easily B．stop floods from happening C．make floods more serious D．learn about flood conditions 3. Some people want to change the ________ to make more space for farms A．lands B．world C．wildlife D．wetlands 4. We must protect wetlands because ________. A．they are home for wildlife B．they can offer food to animals C．they can prevent floods D．all of the above 5. The best title for the passage is ________. A．China’s Wetlands Have All Entered the World’s List B．Wetlands——Home for Wildlife and Human Beings C．Special Animals in The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands D．Wetlands——Valuable Resources (资源) on the Earth 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. D 【导语】本文主要以中国江苏盐城的黄海湿地为例，介绍了湿地的基本情况，说明了湿地是野生动物的家园、具有防洪等重要价值，同时呼吁人们保护湿地。 1. 原文第二段明确说明湿地温度适中且雨水和阳光充足“The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too.”，此句说明气候宜人，B选项pleasant“宜人的”符合语境。 2. 第二段指出：“Wetlands are important because they also prevent floods.”结合语境可知湿地很重要，是因为它们可以阻止洪水发生，因此prevent floods意为“阻止洪水发生”。 3. 第二段原句直接告知答案“But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms”。 4. 第二段给出了保护湿地的多重价值：“Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals …”对应了选项A“野生动物的家园”和选项B“为动物提供食物”，“Wetlands are important because they also prevent floods.”对应了选项C“防洪”，所以D选项“以上全部”为正确答案。 5. 根据上文提到的湿地对于动物和人类的双重价值，体现了湿地是宝贵资源，从而响应了呼吁人们保护湿地的意义。D选项“湿地——地球上的宝贵资源”贴合文章表达的核心。 Passage 2 The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second-longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. What will happen if we lose the “lungs of the Earth”? The Amazon is like the lungs of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO₂) out of the air and make oxygen (O₂). They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO₂ , and our Earth will become even hotter. The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1. What does the green colour on the national flag of Brazil stand for? A．The river. B．The rainforest. C．The land. D．The sky. 2. The underlined word “droughts” in the passage probably means ________. A．Too little rain. B．Serious floods. C．Strong winds. D．Heavy snow. 3. Which activity is NOT mentioned as a reason why the Amazon is “sick”? A．People cut down trees for wood. B．People burn the forest to make farmland. C．People visit the rainforest too often. D．Trees don’t have enough water to grow. 4. What can we infer (推断) about the future of the Amazon if we don’t protect it? A．It will become even healthier. B．It may turn into a hot, dry grassland. C．It will produce more oxygen. D．It will attract more animals. 5. What is the correct structure of the whole passage? (①=Para.1, ②=Para.2, ③=Para.3, ④=Para.4, ⑤=Para.5, ⑥=Para.6) A．① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ B．①② / ③ / ④⑤⑥ C．① / ②③④ / ⑤⑥ D．①②③ / ④ / ⑤⑥ 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文介绍了亚马逊雨林的现状、其“生病”的原因，以及失去它将给地球和生物带来的严重后果。 1. 文章第一段指出：“The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest.”，说明巴西国旗上的绿色代表雨林。 2. 文章第四段说明：“The trees don’t have enough water to grow.”，结合“droughts”的上下文，可知该词指因缺水导致的干旱，即“too little rain（降雨过少）”。 3. 文章第四、五段提到了亚马逊“生病”的原因：气候变化导致的干旱（树木缺水）、砍伐树木、焚烧森林造农田，未提及“人们频繁参观雨林”。 4. 文章第二段明确说明：“the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years.”，因此如果不保护，亚马逊可能会变成炎热干燥的草原。 5. 文章第1段介绍亚马逊雨林的基本概况，为背景引入；第2-4段围绕亚马逊雨林“生病”的现状与原因展开，为主体分析部分；第5-6段说明失去雨林的严重后果，为总结部分，因此文章结构为①/②③④/⑤⑥。 Passage 3 Discover the Beauty of Our Motherland! Qinghai Lake: The Blue Pearl of the Plateau High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China. It covers an area of about 4,625 square kilometres. The lake is famous for its clear blue water, which shines like a huge pearl under the sun. Around the lake, there are beautiful grasslands and snow-capped mountains. In summer, the water is bright and blue. In winter, the lake becomes a white world. It is truly a natural treasure on the plateau. If you like nature, Qinghai Lake is a must-see place. Hulunbuir Grassland: The Green Ocean Located in Inner Mongolia, Hulunbuir Grassland is one of the most famous grasslands in China. It is like a green sea stretching for thousands of miles. The grass is lush and green, and it sways in the wind just like waves. The grassland is a home for life for many animals. You can see horses, cows, and sheep running freely here. Every summer, many Mongolian families set up yurts (蒙古包) on the grass. It is a great place to enjoy the fresh air and experience the local culture. 1. Where is Qinghai Lake located? A．In Inner Mongolia. B．On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. C．In Xinjiang. D．On the northeast coast of China. 2. The underlined word “stretching” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．绵延 B．收缩 C．跳跃 D．漂浮 3. Which of the following is not mentioned about Hulunbuir Grassland? A．The grass is lush and green. B．You can see horses and sheep. C．People can stay in Mongolian yurts. D．The lake is as blue as a pearl. 4. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A．Qinghai Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. B．Hulunbuir Grassland looks like a green sea. C．The water in Qinghai Lake is always white. D．Few animals live in Hulunbuir Grassland. 5. What is the main purpose of this advertisement? A．To compare the weather of two places. B．To tell stories about Chinese history. C．To attract people to visit two amazing natural sights. D．To introduce different kinds of animals. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文介绍青海湖和呼伦贝尔草原两处祖国美景，描述各自特色与风光，吸引大家前往游览。 1. 第一段介绍：“High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China.”，明确青海湖位于青藏高原。 2. 第三段描述：“It is like a green sea stretching for thousands of miles.”，结合“数千里”的语境可判断stretching意为“绵延”。 3. 第三段写道：“The grass is lush and green”，说明呼伦贝尔草原的草茂盛翠绿，第四段写道：“You can see horses, cows, and sheep running freely here...many Mongolian families set up yurts on the grass”，说明在草原上能看见马和羊，人们可以住在蒙古包里，D选项描述的是青海湖的内容，与呼伦贝尔草原无关。 4. 第二段写道：“It is like a green sea stretching for thousands of miles.”，直接表明呼伦贝尔草原看起来像一片绿色的海洋。 5. 文章标题为“Discover the Beauty of Our Motherland”，并分别介绍两处景点风光，目的是吸引游客参观。 Passage 4 Winter is cold and dry, so we need to care about our eyes. Winter SunlightOn snowy winter days, sunlight reflects off (反射) snow and ice, so it can be surprisingly strong. This may make you uncomfortable and even do harm to your eyes. So wear sunglasses as necessary protection when you take part in winter sports. Dry EyesIn winter, indoor heating (供暖) can sometimes make your eyes feel dry. Here are a few simple tips. • Try to keep your room warm but not too hot, as very high temperatures can dry out the air. • Remember to keep your windows open for a while every day to let fresh air in. • If your eyes still feel dry, ask your eye doctor if you can use eye drops. Longer Screen TimeIn winter, you may find yourself spending more time inside. This often means longer screen time. It can easily make your eyes feel tired. To protect your eyes and give them a break, here are two helpful habits. • Make sure that you keep your screen at an arm’s length away from your eyes. • Try to follow the 20-20-20 rule. Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. Why is sunlight strong in winter according to the text? A．Because the sky is clearer in winter. B．Because it reflects off snow and ice. C．Because the sun is closer to the earth. D．Because people spend more time outdoors. 2. What should you do when you have dry eyes? A．Wear sunglasses indoors. B．Make your room as hot as possible. C．Use eye drops without asking a doctor. D．Open windows to let fresh air in every day. 3. How often should you take a break when you use a computer? A．Every 20 minutes. B．Every 30 minutes. C．Every 40 minutes. D．Every 50 minutes. 4. What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why winter is the best season. B．To introduce different kinds of winter sports. C．To encourage people to play more winter sports. D．To give advice on how to protect eyes in winter. 5. In which unit of a textbook can you find the text? A．Unit 1 Food and Culture B．Unit 2 Travel and Sports C．Unit 3 Weather and Health D．Unit 4 Nature and Environment 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文围绕冬季寒冷干燥的特点，从冬日强光、眼睛干涩、长时间看屏幕三个冬季易伤眼的角度，给出了对应的眼部保护建议。 1. 方框一首句“On snowy winter days, sunlight reflects off snow and ice, so it can be surprisingly strong.”明确说明冬日阳光因在冰雪表面发生反射，所以变得异常强烈。 2. 方框二“Remember to keep your windows open for a while every day to let fresh air in.”说明每天开窗通风是缓解眼干的具体建议。 3. 方框三最后一点“Try to follow the 20-20-20 rule. Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.”指出每20分钟让眼睛休息一次，看向远处。 4. 根据全文，文章从三个冬季伤眼原因出发，逐一给出防护/缓解建议，为核心写作目的。 5. 文章以冬季的天气特征为背景，讲述眼部健康防护的方法，可推断Unit 3 Weather and Health“天气与健康”与之符合。 Passage 5 “I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and shouldn’t do that. It sometimes makes me angry,” said Wang Li, a middle school student in Zhengzhou. Do you have the same problem? Perhaps your parents had the same problem when they were your age long ago. Why are some parents not so friendly in their children’s eyes? One of the most important reasons is when someone becomes a parent, he or she starts to worry about things. They worry about everything about you, from the moment you were born. They do a lot for you, though their actions might make you angry, because they care about you and worry about you. They worry about your choice (选择) of friends, the food you eat, your work at school, how much sleep you get and so on. They want you to grow up healthily and happily. So how can you make things easier on yourself? It’s easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Call them if you return home later than usual. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you. Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They still practise being parents and need help that you can give them. Some day, when you become a parent, they may be able to help you get on well with your children. 1. What does Wang Li think of her parents? A．Strict. B．Friendly. C．Caring. D．Loving. 2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Children are angry about parents’ control. B．Children want to do what they like in their lives. C．Children should listen to their parents all the time. D．Parents care about their children by worrying about them. 3. How does the writer talk about “You can make things easier on yourself”? A．By using some old sayings. B．By giving some useful ways. C．By explaining the reasons. D．By showing some good rules. 4. What does the underlined sentence “They still practise being parents” in the last paragraph mean? A．Parents are always wrong. B．Parents are too strict. C．Parents aren’t always right. D．Parents should be humorous. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．Why Children Have Problems B．How to Get on with Parents C．What Parents Are Worrying About D．What Parents Should Do for Children 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要以中学生王丽对父母管束的不满为切入点，分析了父母对孩子严格管束的深层原因（出于关爱与担忧），并给出了孩子与父母和谐相处的实用方法，引导孩子理解父母、主动沟通。 1. 第一段第1-2句“I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and shouldn’t do that. It sometimes makes me angry” ，王丽抱怨父母总是对她的行为指手画脚、提出各种要求，这体现出她认为父母很严格，对应A选项；B（友好的）、C（体贴的）、D（慈爱的）均不是王丽对父母的看法。 2. 第二段全段“One of the most important reasons is… he or she starts to worry about things. They worry about everything about you… because they care about you and worry about you… They want you to grow up healthily and happily.”第二段核心解释了父母管束孩子的原因：父母的担忧本质上是对孩子的关爱，对应D选项；A（孩子对父母的管控感到愤怒）是第 1 段内容，非本段主旨；B（孩子想做自己喜欢的事）、C（孩子应该一直听父母的话）均不是本段核心。 3. 第三段全段 “Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Call them if you return home later than usual. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Talk about your ideas with them”，作者通过列举 “让父母了解你的行踪、介绍朋友、晚归打电话、认错、沟通想法” 等具体方法，说明如何让亲子关系更轻松，对应B选项；A（用谚语）、C（解释原因）、D（展示规则）均不符合段落写法。 4. 第四段第1-2句“Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They still practise being parents and need help that you can give them” ，“practise being parents” 意为 “父母也在学习如何做父母”，说明父母并非天生完美，也会有做得不对的地方，对应C选项；A（父母总是错的）过于绝对；B（父母太严格）、D（父母应该幽默）均与句子含义无关。 5. 文章先提出亲子矛盾，再分析父母行为的原因，最后给出改善亲子关系的方法，核心围绕 “如何与父母相处” 展开。B选项完整覆盖了文章的问题、原因、解决办法，是全文主旨；A（孩子为什么有问题）、C（父母在担心什么）、D（父母应该为孩子做什么）都只对应文章部分内容，无法概括全文。 Passage 6 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions. The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easily angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role in helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get the balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting Sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 1. What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 2. What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 3. What does the underlined word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Accepting Sadness is enough for our mental growth. B．Joy is the most important emotion. C．Sadness should always be overlooked. D．All emotions are important for mental growth. 5. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动画电影《头脑特工队》的剧情，讲述了主角Riley脑中的五种情绪如何相互作用，最终传达了“所有情绪对心理健康成长都很重要”的核心思想。 1. 第一段“Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked.”直接说明Joy的主要作用是让Riley快乐。 2. 第二段“Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently.”指出Joy和Sadness失踪后，Riley开始表现得不一样。 3. 最后一段“all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”表明“ones”指代前文提到的“emotions”，结合上下文，这里的“bad ones”指的是像Sadness这样的负面情绪。 4. 最后一段“The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”强调了所有情绪对心理健康成长都很重要。 5. 文章围绕《头脑特工队》展开，介绍了电影中情绪的科学原理和核心思想，A选项 “《头脑特工队》中的情绪科学”最能概括全文内容。 Passage 7 We usually have a runny nose when catching a cold. Yet our parents tell us not to blow our nose so hard. Why is that? When we blow our nose very hard, the air can move from our nose to our ears and cause problems. When we have a cold, the tube (管道) that connects our nose to our ears gets smaller. So the air can’t go back to the nose and stays in the ears. This can hurt the eardrum (鼓膜) and might make our ears ring or even cause hearing loss. If the things from our nose go into our ears with viruses and bacteria (细菌), it can cause ear infections (感染). If the air from the nose goes into the eyes, it can make the pressure in the eyes go up. This might cause different eye problems and even affect how well we can see in the long run. This is why, sometimes, when you blow your nose too hard, both your eyes and ears may feel uncomfortable. To clear your nose in the right way, just close one nostril (鼻孔) at a time and softly blow. If your nose is blocked up, putting a warm towel on your nose and forehead (前额) can also help you feel better. Since your nose and throat are connected, you can also try to get the mucus (黏液) out from your mouth. It’s a good idea to take a deep breath with the nose, and then cough quickly to get out the mucus in your mouth. 1. What will happen if you blow your nose too hard? A．You may become blind. B．Your eyes may get an infection. C．You may get a hearing problem. D．The pressure in your ears will go down. 2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Our noses and our ears are connected. B．The air can get into our ears from our noses. C．Blowing our noses hard is bad for our ears. D．Our ear problem may be caused by viruses and bacteria. 3. What is a good way to clean your nose? A．Clean the mucus in your mouth. B．Breathe deeply and cough quickly. C．Blow with two nostrils at a time. D．Put a towel on your forehead. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to deal with colds. B．Other illnesses caused by colds. C．Common eye, ear and nose problems. D．Things to know about blowing your nose. 5. What is the structure of the passage? A．⓵/⓶⓷/⓸⓹ B．⓵⓶/⓷/⓸⓹ C．⓵⓶⓷/⓸/⓹ D．⓵⓶⓷/⓸⓹ 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了感冒时用力擤鼻涕的危害，包括可能导致听力问题、眼部不适等，并给出了正确擤鼻涕的方法。 1. 文章第二段指出“This can hurt the eardrum (鼓膜) and might make our ears ring or even cause hearing loss.”，说明用力擤鼻涕可能导致听力问题。 2. 文章第二段主要讲述了用力擤鼻涕时，空气会从鼻子进入耳朵，导致耳膜受伤、耳鸣甚至听力损失，即用力擤鼻涕对耳朵有害。 3. 文章最后一段提到“It’s a good idea to take a deep breath with the nose, and then cough quickly to get out the mucus in your mouth.”，说明深呼吸然后快速咳嗽是清理鼻子的好方法。 4. 文章主要介绍了感冒时用力擤鼻涕的危害以及正确擤鼻涕的方法，即关于擤鼻涕需要知道的事情。 5. 文章第一段提出感冒时父母告诉我们不要用力擤鼻涕的问题；第二、三段分别阐述了用力擤鼻涕对耳朵和眼睛的危害；第四、五段介绍了正确擤鼻涕的方法，故文章结构为总—分—分，即⓵/⓶⓷/⓸⓹。 Passage 8 It is a cold and dry winter morning. After you get up, you begin to sneeze (打喷嚏) and feel terrible. Could it just be a cold or the flu? A cold is usually easy to deal with (应对). Usually you feel better after a week. But the flu can be very dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can make people die. Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine, it can stop you from getting the virus. Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies can help you. Because the flu virus changes every few years, there are so many kinds of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one kind of flu can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu. So we need to get the vaccine every year. However, good health habits may also help stop you from catching a cold or the flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to take exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you to be strong enough to fight against the flu. 1. A cold usually lasts (持续) for ______. A．a day B．a week C．a month D．a year 2. What does the underlined word “vaccine” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．疾病 B．疫苗 C．细菌 D．药品 3. Why do we need to get the vaccine every year? A．Because we may have a cold in winter. B．Because the flu virus changes every few years. C．Because the flu can make people die. D．Because the flu is a kind of serious illness. 4. According to the text, the following ways can help stop us from catching the flu EXCEPT______. A．eating healthy food B．washing hands often C．taking exercise D．having enough sleep 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．It tells us the danger of the cold. B．It tells us how to fight against the flu. C．It tells us why we get sick in winter. D．It tells us how to make antibodies. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 【导语】本文介绍了冬季感冒与流感的区别、流感疫苗的作用及接种原因，同时给出了预防感冒和流感的健康生活习惯，旨在帮助读者了解如何应对冬季呼吸道疾病。 1. 第二段提到“Usually you feel better after a week.”，说明普通感冒通常持续一周左右。 2. 第三段提到“If you get a flu vaccine, it can stop you from getting the virus.”，结合常识，预防流感的是“疫苗”，因此“vaccine”意为“疫苗”。 3. 第四段提到“Because the flu virus changes every few years... The antibodies for one kind of flu can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu. So we need to get the vaccine every year.”，说明我们需要每隔几年接种疫苗是因为流感病毒每年都在变化。 4. 最后一段提到“Washing your hands often… take exercise and eat healthy food.”，说明勤洗手、吃健康食物、锻炼可以预防流感；文中未提及“having enough sleep（充足睡眠）”。 5. 全文介绍了感冒与流感的区别、流感疫苗的作用及预防方法，核心是讲述如何对抗流感。 Passage 9 Do you love taking a trip to the beach? Going travelling is exciting but safety should always come first. Here are some tips for you to keep yourself safe during the beach trip. Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents. What a bad thing! Be careful with swimming. If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea. Don’t swim alone. It is not safe. And when swimming in the sea, you should always wear a life jacket. Watch out (小心) for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites you, you should go to see a doctor at once. Remember, your life is valuable. While having fun, you should be very careful and always put safety first. 1. How does the writer support (支撑) his idea in paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers B．By giving an example. C．By asking questions. D．By showing a report. 2. How many suggestions does the writer give us in the text? A．2. B．3. C．4 D．5. 3. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Looking for shells. B．Playing with water. C．Catching fish. D．Swimming alone in the sea. 4. What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Parents shouldn’t take their kids to the beach. B．It's hard to swim in the sea. C．You should go home when something hurts you. D．There may be something dangerous in the sea. 5. What is the structure of this text? (①= paragraph 1,...) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海滩旅行时的安全建议，包括与父母待在一起、小心游泳、注意水中的生物等。 1. 第二段通过讲述一个小男孩离开父母去找贝壳而迷路的例子来支撑“与父母待在一起”的观点，因此是通过举例说明。 2. 文中给出了三条建议：第二段“Stay with your parents”、第三段“Be careful with swimming”和第四段“Watch out for things in the water”，共三条。 3. 第三段提到“Don’t swim alone. It is not safe.”，因此it指代“在海上独自游泳”。 4. 第四段提到“When something on the beach or in the sea bites you, you should go to see a doctor”，由此可推断海中可能存在危险的东西。 5. 文章第一段总起引入话题，第二、三、四段分别提出三条并列的安全建议，第五段总结呼吁，属于“总—分—总”结构。 Passage 10 Luis, Camila, and their 3 children are creative to get healthy. Here, Camila shares how they do it. Some days it’s hard to motivate the kids and ourselves to get moving, especially after a long day at school and work. But we’ve found some ways to do some activities. On weekdays, we just do jumping jacks (开合跳) or push-ups in the living room while we watch TV, or we do a few dance moves while we clean up before bedtime. And at weekends, we ride bikes or throw a ball around in the park. We all have fun, and doing exercise helps the kids sleep better and focus at school. ▲ But making healthy meals that every family member likes is not easy! What works for us is planning meals together and getting the kids to take part in the kitchen tasks. Every weekend, the kids help us make a meal plan and write a shopping list of everything we need. It helps us stay on budget, and the kids can choose what they want to eat. On our busy days, we work together to prepare meals ahead of time. The kids help prepare some healthy snacks, and we cook simple dishes like baked fish, boiled eggs, or steamed chicken. At last, we store them in the fridge for easy heating, so we can eat a balanced meal fast after work. These simple habits bring us closer while keeping everyone happy and healthy. It’s amazing how these little changes can make such a big difference in our family’s life! 1. What does the underlined word “motivate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Trust. B．Encourage. C．Allow. D．Check. 2. How does the family exercise on weekdays? A．They ride bikes. B．They run in the park. C．They throw a ball around. D．They do small activities at home. 3. What’s the best sentence for “ ▲ ”? A．Playing sports takes lots of time. B．Doing exercise every day is not as important as eating well. C．Because we focus on meals every day, we have little time for sports. D．Besides keeping exercising, we also focus on healthy eating as a family. 4. How does the family manage meals on busy days? A．They eat simple snacks. B．They go out to eat at restaurants. C．They prepare dishes ahead of time. D．They pay others to cook for them. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．A family’s ways to stay healthy. B．Why kids should help in the kitchen. C．The importance of eating healthy food. D．How a family does exercise at weekends. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了保持健康的方法，包括运动和健康饮食的做法。 1. 根据划线单词后文“to get moving, especially after a long day at school and work. But we’ve found some ways to do some activities.”可知，忙碌了一天学习和工作后，很难让孩子和自己动起来，但是他们找到了活动的方法，由此可推测出，“motivate”应表示“激励、鼓励”，与Encourage“鼓励”意思一致。 2. 根据第二段中“On weekdays, we just do jumping jacks (开合跳) or push-ups in the living room while we watch TV, or we do a few dance moves while we clean up before bedtime.”可知，工作日他们在家做开合跳、俯卧撑、在睡觉前打扫卫生的时候跳几个舞这类小活动。 3. 空前第二段介绍了全家的运动锻炼方法，空后开始讲健康饮食的做法，空处需要一句承上启下、连接运动和健康饮食的句子，D选项“Besides keeping exercising, we also focus on healthy eating as a family.”符合逻辑。 4. 根据第四段第一句“On our busy days, we work together to prepare meals ahead of time.”可知，忙碌的日子里，他们会一起提前准备好饭菜。 5. 本文开头点明Camila要分享一家人保持健康的方法，正文分别介绍了他们运动和健康饮食的具体做法，因此文章主旨是一个家庭保持健康的方法。 Passage 11 As middle school students, we face more and more study pressure. It’s important to find good ways to relax. Here are some useful suggestions. First, doing sports is a great choice. When you play sports like running, swimming or playing ball games, your body will produce endorphins (内啡肽), which can make you feel happy and reduce stress. You can play sports with your friends after school or on weekends. It not only helps you relax but also strengthens your friendship. Second, developing a hobby is another good way. Hobbies like playing the flute, doing calligraphy, collecting postcards or writing poems can take your mind off study. When you focus on your hobby, you will forget the troubles from homework and exams. Many students say that their hobbies make their life more colourful. Third, communicating with others can help you relax. If you feel stressed, you can talk to your parents, teachers or friends. They will listen to you and give you useful advice. Sometimes, just talking about your feelings can make you feel much better. Finally, spending time in nature is also effective. You can go to the park, the countryside or the mountains with your family or friends. The fresh air and beautiful scenery can calm your mind and make you feel peaceful. Remember, relaxation is not a waste of time. It can help you study better and live a happier life. Choose the ways that suit you best and start relaxing today! 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. Why is doing sports a good way to relax? A．Because it can help you make more friends. B．Because it can produce endorphins to make you happy. C．Because it can make you stronger. D．Because it can take your mind off study. 2. Which of the following is NOT a hobby mentioned in the passage? A．Playing the flute. B．Doing calligraphy. C．Playing basketball. D．Collecting postcards. 3. Who can you talk to when you feel stressed according to the passage? A．Only your parents. B．Only your teachers. C．Your parents, teachers or friends. D．Only your friends. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Relaxation is a waste of time for students. B．Only sports can help students relax. C．Different students can choose different relaxation ways. D．Communicating with others is the best way to relax. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The study pressure of middle school students. B．How to relax effectively for middle school students. C．The importance of hobbies for students. D．The benefits of doing sports for students. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，针对中学生的学习压力，给出了运动、培养爱好、与人交流、亲近自然这几种有效放松方式。 1. 根据第二段：“your body will produce endorphins, which can make you feel happy and reduce stress”，因此做运动能产生内啡肽，让人快乐。 2. 第三段提到的爱好有：playing the flute, doing calligraphy, collecting postcards, writing poems。Playing basketball属于运动，文中并未提到。 3. 第四段指出：“you can talk to your parents, teachers or friends.”，所以感到压力时可以和父母、老师或朋友交谈。 4. 最后一段提到“Choose the ways that suit you best”，可以推断不同学生可以选择适合自己的放松方式。 5. 本文开头提出面对学习压力需要找到放松方法，随后给出运动、培养爱好、交流、亲近自然等建议，因此主旨是“中学生如何有效放松”。 Passage 12 Laughter is a simple language for humans to connect with each other and build social relationships. Even as babies, we laugh when our parents make funny faces, and then learn to make others laugh as we grow up. However, is it simply a human experience? Scientists have found that animals might also make jokes. Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Charles Darwin saw this as a dog’s joke. Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also saw dogs playfully teasing (戏弄) each other by getting close slowly and then quickly running away. He said that dogs just want to have fun, and animals may play around as a way to deal with stress. In a study, Isabelle Lamer and workmates from Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior of Germany watched four kinds of apes (猿) communicate with each other and found 18 teasing behaviors. They saw young apes go near secretly behind adults, touch them to surprise them, and wait to watch their response. This kind of behavior is similar to that shown by human children. What about laughter? Animals don’t laugh exactly like humans do, but they sometimes make sounds that are like laughter. When dogs are playing happily together, they sometimes make sounds that sound like laughter. And Jeffrey Bergdorf, a professor from Northwestern University, said that dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. “In humans, humor can be an ice-breaker, cutting down social problems and improving relationships” said Lamer. “We don’t know if it is the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible.” 1. What can be a dog’s joke in Charles Darwin’s eyes? A．Making funny faces. B．Having joyful sounds. C．Bringing a toy close for your treat. D．Playfully taking a toy near you away. 2. The underlined word “response” is the closest in meaning to _________. A．report B．connection C．answer D．direction 3. Which might be the laughter from the animal? A．An ape cries while fighting for food. B．A cat lets out low sound while sleeping. C．A dolphin sings while facing danger. D．A dog makes sound while running happily. 4. What can we infer from Lamer’s words in the last paragraph? A．Humor should be used in icy places. B．Relationships can’t be good without humor. C．Humans don’t know much about humor. D．Animals might also have a sense of humor. 5. What might be the best title for the passage? A．Laughter Matters B．How to Make Animals Laugh C．Can Animals Joke? D．Different Ways to Create Laughter 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物是否也像人类一样拥有笑声和幽默感，通过介绍达尔文对狗的观察、对猿类挑逗行为的研究以及海豚在嬉戏时的发声，展现了动物行为学中有趣的发现。 1. 第二段指出：“Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Charles Darwin saw this as a dog’s joke.”。这直接说明了达尔文认为狗狗引诱人靠近玩具又带着它跑开的行为是一种“玩笑”。 2. 第三段提到：“…young apes go near secretly behind adults, touch them to surprise them, and wait to watch their response.”，因此“response”指的是年轻猿类偷偷靠近成年猿、触碰它们制造惊吓后，成年猿对此的反应或回应，此处“response”与“answer”（回应）语意最接近。 3. 第四段提到：“When dogs are playing happily together, they sometimes make sounds that sound like laughter.”，这明确指出开心玩耍的狗会发出类似笑声的声音。 4. 最后一段提到：“‘In humans, humor can be an ice-breaker, cutting down social problems and improving relationships’ said Lamer. ‘We don’t know if it is the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible.’”，即Lamer提出幽默在人类中可以作为社交破冰、改善关系，而猿类或其他动物也有可能存在同样的情况，由此可推断出动物也可能拥有幽默感。 5. 文章首段提出疑问“…is it simply a human experience?”，随后通过多个段落论述了狗、猿、海豚等动物展现出的类似“玩笑”和“笑声”的行为。选项C“Can Animals Joke?”最适合作文章的标题。 10 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 期中考 阅读理解 仿真模拟 考前特训（新教材人教版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 特 训 范 围 Unit 1 Time to Relax Unit 2 Stay Healthy Unit 3 Growing Up Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Passage 1 China has many wetlands (湿地) and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve (自然保护区) is in them. More than 700 Milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (鹤) in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Crane Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent floods. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and less space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the importance of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. 1．Usually the weather in the wetlands is ________. A．hot B．pleasant C．cold D．dry 2．The phrase “prevent floods” in the passage probably means ________. A．cause floods easily B．stop floods from happening C．make floods more serious D．learn about flood conditions 3．Some people want to change the ________ to make more space for farms A．lands B．world C．wildlife D．wetlands 4．We must protect wetlands because ________. A．they are home for wildlife B．they can offer food to animals C．they can prevent floods D．all of the above 5．The best title for the passage is ________. A．China’s Wetlands Have All Entered the World’s List B．Wetlands——Home for Wildlife and Human Beings C．Special Animals in The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands D．Wetlands——Valuable Resources (资源) on the Earth Passage 2 The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than half the size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second-longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green colour on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kinds of activities have made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. What will happen if we lose the “lungs of the Earth”? The Amazon is like the lungs of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO₂) out of the air and make oxygen (O₂). They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO₂ , and our Earth will become even hotter. The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1. What does the green colour on the national flag of Brazil stand for? A．The river. B．The rainforest. C．The land. D．The sky. 2. The underlined word “droughts” in the passage probably means ________. A．Too little rain. B．Serious floods. C．Strong winds. D．Heavy snow. 3. Which activity is NOT mentioned as a reason why the Amazon is “sick”? A．People cut down trees for wood. B．People burn the forest to make farmland. C．People visit the rainforest too often. D．Trees don’t have enough water to grow. 4. What can we infer (推断) about the future of the Amazon if we don’t protect it? A．It will become even healthier. B．It may turn into a hot, dry grassland. C．It will produce more oxygen. D．It will attract more animals. 5. What is the correct structure of the whole passage? (①=Para.1, ②=Para.2, ③=Para.3, ④=Para.4, ⑤=Para.5, ⑥=Para.6) A．① / ②③ / ④⑤⑥ B．①② / ③ / ④⑤⑥ C．① / ②③④ / ⑤⑥ D．①②③ / ④ / ⑤⑥ Passage 3 Discover the Beauty of Our Motherland! Qinghai Lake: The Blue Pearl of the Plateau High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China. It covers an area of about 4,625 square kilometres. The lake is famous for its clear blue water, which shines like a huge pearl under the sun. Around the lake, there are beautiful grasslands and snow-capped mountains. In summer, the water is bright and blue. In winter, the lake becomes a white world. It is truly a natural treasure on the plateau. If you like nature, Qinghai Lake is a must-see place. Hulunbuir Grassland: The Green Ocean Located in Inner Mongolia, Hulunbuir Grassland is one of the most famous grasslands in China. It is like a green sea stretching for thousands of miles. The grass is lush and green, and it sways in the wind just like waves. The grassland is a home for life for many animals. You can see horses, cows, and sheep running freely here. Every summer, many Mongolian families set up yurts (蒙古包) on the grass. It is a great place to enjoy the fresh air and experience the local culture. 1. Where is Qinghai Lake located? A．In Inner Mongolia. B．On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. C．In Xinjiang. D．On the northeast coast of China. 2. The underlined word “stretching” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．绵延 B．收缩 C．跳跃 D．漂浮 3. Which of the following is not mentioned about Hulunbuir Grassland? A．The grass is lush and green. B．You can see horses and sheep. C．People can stay in Mongolian yurts. D．The lake is as blue as a pearl. 4. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A．Qinghai Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. B．Hulunbuir Grassland looks like a green sea. C．The water in Qinghai Lake is always white. D．Few animals live in Hulunbuir Grassland. 5. What is the main purpose of this advertisement? A．To compare the weather of two places. B．To tell stories about Chinese history. C．To attract people to visit two amazing natural sights. D．To introduce different kinds of animals. Passage 4 Winter is cold and dry, so we need to care about our eyes. Winter SunlightOn snowy winter days, sunlight reflects off (反射) snow and ice, so it can be surprisingly strong. This may make you uncomfortable and even do harm to your eyes. So wear sunglasses as necessary protection when you take part in winter sports. Dry EyesIn winter, indoor heating (供暖) can sometimes make your eyes feel dry. Here are a few simple tips. • Try to keep your room warm but not too hot, as very high temperatures can dry out the air. • Remember to keep your windows open for a while every day to let fresh air in. • If your eyes still feel dry, ask your eye doctor if you can use eye drops. Longer Screen TimeIn winter, you may find yourself spending more time inside. This often means longer screen time. It can easily make your eyes feel tired. To protect your eyes and give them a break, here are two helpful habits. • Make sure that you keep your screen at an arm’s length away from your eyes. • Try to follow the 20-20-20 rule. Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1. Why is sunlight strong in winter according to the text? A．Because the sky is clearer in winter. B．Because it reflects off snow and ice. C．Because the sun is closer to the earth. D．Because people spend more time outdoors. 2. What should you do when you have dry eyes? A．Wear sunglasses indoors. B．Make your room as hot as possible. C．Use eye drops without asking a doctor. D．Open windows to let fresh air in every day. 3. How often should you take a break when you use a computer? A．Every 20 minutes. B．Every 30 minutes. C．Every 40 minutes. D．Every 50 minutes. 4. What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why winter is the best season. B．To introduce different kinds of winter sports. C．To encourage people to play more winter sports. D．To give advice on how to protect eyes in winter. 5. In which unit of a textbook can you find the text? A．Unit 1 Food and Culture B．Unit 2 Travel and Sports C．Unit 3 Weather and Health D．Unit 4 Nature and Environment Passage 5 “I don’t like my parents. They always tell me I should do this and shouldn’t do that. It sometimes makes me angry,” said Wang Li, a middle school student in Zhengzhou. Do you have the same problem? Perhaps your parents had the same problem when they were your age long ago. Why are some parents not so friendly in their children’s eyes? One of the most important reasons is when someone becomes a parent, he or she starts to worry about things. They worry about everything about you, from the moment you were born. They do a lot for you, though their actions might make you angry, because they care about you and worry about you. They worry about your choice (选择) of friends, the food you eat, your work at school, how much sleep you get and so on. They want you to grow up healthily and happily. So how can you make things easier on yourself? It’s easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you’re doing. Get them to know your friends. Call them if you return home later than usual. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you. Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They still practise being parents and need help that you can give them. Some day, when you become a parent, they may be able to help you get on well with your children. 1. What does Wang Li think of her parents? A．Strict. B．Friendly. C．Caring. D．Loving. 2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Children are angry about parents’ control. B．Children want to do what they like in their lives. C．Children should listen to their parents all the time. D．Parents care about their children by worrying about them. 3. How does the writer talk about “You can make things easier on yourself”? A．By using some old sayings. B．By giving some useful ways. C．By explaining the reasons. D．By showing some good rules. 4. What does the underlined sentence “They still practise being parents” in the last paragraph mean? A．Parents are always wrong. B．Parents are too strict. C．Parents aren’t always right. D．Parents should be humorous. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．Why Children Have Problems B．How to Get on with Parents C．What Parents Are Worrying About D．What Parents Should Do for Children Passage 6 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions. The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easily angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role in helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get the balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting Sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 1. What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 2. What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 3. What does the underlined word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Accepting Sadness is enough for our mental growth. B．Joy is the most important emotion. C．Sadness should always be overlooked. D．All emotions are important for mental growth. 5. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness Passage 7 We usually have a runny nose when catching a cold. Yet our parents tell us not to blow our nose so hard. Why is that? When we blow our nose very hard, the air can move from our nose to our ears and cause problems. When we have a cold, the tube (管道) that connects our nose to our ears gets smaller. So the air can’t go back to the nose and stays in the ears. This can hurt the eardrum (鼓膜) and might make our ears ring or even cause hearing loss. If the things from our nose go into our ears with viruses and bacteria (细菌), it can cause ear infections (感染). If the air from the nose goes into the eyes, it can make the pressure in the eyes go up. This might cause different eye problems and even affect how well we can see in the long run. This is why, sometimes, when you blow your nose too hard, both your eyes and ears may feel uncomfortable. To clear your nose in the right way, just close one nostril (鼻孔) at a time and softly blow. If your nose is blocked up, putting a warm towel on your nose and forehead (前额) can also help you feel better. Since your nose and throat are connected, you can also try to get the mucus (黏液) out from your mouth. It’s a good idea to take a deep breath with the nose, and then cough quickly to get out the mucus in your mouth. 1. What will happen if you blow your nose too hard? A．You may become blind. B．Your eyes may get an infection. C．You may get a hearing problem. D．The pressure in your ears will go down. 2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Our noses and our ears are connected. B．The air can get into our ears from our noses. C．Blowing our noses hard is bad for our ears. D．Our ear problem may be caused by viruses and bacteria. 3. What is a good way to clean your nose? A．Clean the mucus in your mouth. B．Breathe deeply and cough quickly. C．Blow with two nostrils at a time. D．Put a towel on your forehead. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to deal with colds. B．Other illnesses caused by colds. C．Common eye, ear and nose problems. D．Things to know about blowing your nose. 5. What is the structure of the passage? A．⓵/⓶⓷/⓸⓹ B．⓵⓶/⓷/⓸⓹ C．⓵⓶⓷/⓸/⓹ D．⓵⓶⓷/⓸⓹ Passage 8 It is a cold and dry winter morning. After you get up, you begin to sneeze (打喷嚏) and feel terrible. Could it just be a cold or the flu? A cold is usually easy to deal with (应对). Usually you feel better after a week. But the flu can be very dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can make people die. Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine, it can stop you from getting the virus. Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies can help you. Because the flu virus changes every few years, there are so many kinds of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one kind of flu can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu. So we need to get the vaccine every year. However, good health habits may also help stop you from catching a cold or the flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to take exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you to be strong enough to fight against the flu. 1. A cold usually lasts (持续) for ______. A．a day B．a week C．a month D．a year 2. What does the underlined word “vaccine” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．疾病 B．疫苗 C．细菌 D．药品 3. Why do we need to get the vaccine every year? A．Because we may have a cold in winter. B．Because the flu virus changes every few years. C．Because the flu can make people die. D．Because the flu is a kind of serious illness. 4. According to the text, the following ways can help stop us from catching the flu EXCEPT______. A．eating healthy food B．washing hands often C．taking exercise D．having enough sleep 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．It tells us the danger of the cold. B．It tells us how to fight against the flu. C．It tells us why we get sick in winter. D．It tells us how to make antibodies. Passage 9 Do you love taking a trip to the beach? Going travelling is exciting but safety should always come first. Here are some tips for you to keep yourself safe during the beach trip. Stay with your parents. Once there was a little boy playing with water on the beach. He left his parents to look for shells (贝壳) and forgot the time. In the end, he couldn’t find his parents. What a bad thing! Be careful with swimming. If you go to the beach for the first time, ask others or check online to make sure it’s OK to swim there before you go swimming in the sea. Don’t swim alone. It is not safe. And when swimming in the sea, you should always wear a life jacket. Watch out (小心) for things in the water. When something on the beach or in the sea bites you, you should go to see a doctor at once. Remember, your life is valuable. While having fun, you should be very careful and always put safety first. 1. How does the writer support (支撑) his idea in paragraph 2? A．By listing numbers B．By giving an example. C．By asking questions. D．By showing a report. 2. How many suggestions does the writer give us in the text? A．2. B．3. C．4 D．5. 3. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Looking for shells. B．Playing with water. C．Catching fish. D．Swimming alone in the sea. 4. What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Parents shouldn’t take their kids to the beach. B．It's hard to swim in the sea. C．You should go home when something hurts you. D．There may be something dangerous in the sea. 5. What is the structure of this text? (①= paragraph 1,...) A． B． C． D． Passage 10 Luis, Camila, and their 3 children are creative to get healthy. Here, Camila shares how they do it. Some days it’s hard to motivate the kids and ourselves to get moving, especially after a long day at school and work. But we’ve found some ways to do some activities. On weekdays, we just do jumping jacks (开合跳) or push-ups in the living room while we watch TV, or we do a few dance moves while we clean up before bedtime. And at weekends, we ride bikes or throw a ball around in the park. We all have fun, and doing exercise helps the kids sleep better and focus at school. ▲ But making healthy meals that every family member likes is not easy! What works for us is planning meals together and getting the kids to take part in the kitchen tasks. Every weekend, the kids help us make a meal plan and write a shopping list of everything we need. It helps us stay on budget, and the kids can choose what they want to eat. On our busy days, we work together to prepare meals ahead of time. The kids help prepare some healthy snacks, and we cook simple dishes like baked fish, boiled eggs, or steamed chicken. At last, we store them in the fridge for easy heating, so we can eat a balanced meal fast after work. These simple habits bring us closer while keeping everyone happy and healthy. It’s amazing how these little changes can make such a big difference in our family’s life! 1. What does the underlined word “motivate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Trust. B．Encourage. C．Allow. D．Check. 2. How does the family exercise on weekdays? A．They ride bikes. B．They run in the park. C．They throw a ball around. D．They do small activities at home. 3. What’s the best sentence for “ ▲ ”? A．Playing sports takes lots of time. B．Doing exercise every day is not as important as eating well. C．Because we focus on meals every day, we have little time for sports. D．Besides keeping exercising, we also focus on healthy eating as a family. 4. How does the family manage meals on busy days? A．They eat simple snacks. B．They go out to eat at restaurants. C．They prepare dishes ahead of time. D．They pay others to cook for them. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．A family’s ways to stay healthy. B．Why kids should help in the kitchen. C．The importance of eating healthy food. D．How a family does exercise at weekends. Passage 11 As middle school students, we face more and more study pressure. It’s important to find good ways to relax. Here are some useful suggestions. First, doing sports is a great choice. When you play sports like running, swimming or playing ball games, your body will produce endorphins (内啡肽), which can make you feel happy and reduce stress. You can play sports with your friends after school or on weekends. It not only helps you relax but also strengthens your friendship. Second, developing a hobby is another good way. Hobbies like playing the flute, doing calligraphy, collecting postcards or writing poems can take your mind off study. When you focus on your hobby, you will forget the troubles from homework and exams. Many students say that their hobbies make their life more colourful. Third, communicating with others can help you relax. If you feel stressed, you can talk to your parents, teachers or friends. They will listen to you and give you useful advice. Sometimes, just talking about your feelings can make you feel much better. Finally, spending time in nature is also effective. You can go to the park, the countryside or the mountains with your family or friends. The fresh air and beautiful scenery can calm your mind and make you feel peaceful. Remember, relaxation is not a waste of time. It can help you study better and live a happier life. Choose the ways that suit you best and start relaxing today! 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. Why is doing sports a good way to relax? A．Because it can help you make more friends. B．Because it can produce endorphins to make you happy. C．Because it can make you stronger. D．Because it can take your mind off study. 2. Which of the following is NOT a hobby mentioned in the passage? A．Playing the flute. B．Doing calligraphy. C．Playing basketball. D．Collecting postcards. 3. Who can you talk to when you feel stressed according to the passage? A．Only your parents. B．Only your teachers. C．Your parents, teachers or friends. D．Only your friends. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Relaxation is a waste of time for students. B．Only sports can help students relax. C．Different students can choose different relaxation ways. D．Communicating with others is the best way to relax. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The study pressure of middle school students. B．How to relax effectively for middle school students. C．The importance of hobbies for students. D．The benefits of doing sports for students. Passage 12 Laughter is a simple language for humans to connect with each other and build social relationships. Even as babies, we laugh when our parents make funny faces, and then learn to make others laugh as we grow up. However, is it simply a human experience? Scientists have found that animals might also make jokes. Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Charles Darwin saw this as a dog’s joke. Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also saw dogs playfully teasing (戏弄) each other by getting close slowly and then quickly running away. He said that dogs just want to have fun, and animals may play around as a way to deal with stress. In a study, Isabelle Lamer and workmates from Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior of Germany watched four kinds of apes (猿) communicate with each other and found 18 teasing behaviors. They saw young apes go near secretly behind adults, touch them to surprise them, and wait to watch their response. This kind of behavior is similar to that shown by human children. What about laughter? Animals don’t laugh exactly like humans do, but they sometimes make sounds that are like laughter. When dogs are playing happily together, they sometimes make sounds that sound like laughter. And Jeffrey Bergdorf, a professor from Northwestern University, said that dolphins let out sounds of joy when play-fighting. “In humans, humor can be an ice-breaker, cutting down social problems and improving relationships” said Lamer. “We don’t know if it is the same in apes or other animals, but it’s possible.” 1. What can be a dog’s joke in Charles Darwin’s eyes? A．Making funny faces. B．Having joyful sounds. C．Bringing a toy close for your treat. D．Playfully taking a toy near you away. 2. The underlined word “response” is the closest in meaning to _________. A．report B．connection C．answer D．direction 3. Which might be the laughter from the animal? A．An ape cries while fighting for food. B．A cat lets out low sound while sleeping. C．A dolphin sings while facing danger. D．A dog makes sound while running happily. 4. What can we infer from Lamer’s words in the last paragraph? A．Humor should be used in icy places. B．Relationships can’t be good without humor. C．Humans don’t know much about humor. D．Animals might also have a sense of humor. 5. What might be the best title for the passage? A．Laughter Matters B．How to Make Animals Laugh C．Can Animals Joke? D．Different Ways to Create Laughter 12 / 12乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $