Unit 4 Space Exploration 小题狂做（拔高练）-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

人教版英语必修三Unit 4 Space Exploration小题狂做（拔高练） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 基础巩固 I.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词 1．She completed the project ________ (独立地) without any help. 2．Before making the final decision, we need a careful _________ (分析) of the advantages and disadvantages of each choice. 3．To ____________(提高) spoken English, talking with native speakers of English is a good way. 4．We know that once she has ________ (决心) to do something, she will make her dream come true with great efforts. 5．We are doing our best with the ________(有限的) resources available. 6．The Tianchi Lake is a place of deep _______ (神秘). 7．No conditions (条件) should be  _______ (贴，绑) to compulsory (义务的) education. 8．For development brainpower (人才资源) is a country’s chief _______ (资源). 9．People over 40 should have medical examinations________ (定期地). 10．________ (现在的，当前的) thinking holds that falling in love at junior school is not strange. 11．The situation of Hong Kong has fallen so bad, which is _______ (超过) expectation. 12．She is an _______ (聪慧的) and lively young woman. 13．A graduate must experience at least one_______ (面试) before getting a job. 14．As an _______ (宇航员), he has to learn a lot about space and be healthy. 15．Our city will _________ (建立) another big senior school in the south of the city. 16．The scientists ask volunteers to take the test to measure their ________ (精神的) ability. 17．For two days, my friend hasn’t _________ (发送) any information to me. 18．There are too many ________ (车辆，交通工具) in the street on Sundays. II.用所给短语的适当形式填空 run out   breathe in   in spite of   pick out   behind bars break down   put out   come across   apart from   fight for 1．These grammatical rules tell us how a sentence into phrases. 2．In an earthquake, knock on the wall and avoid shouting, because shouting can cause you ________ a dangerous amount of dust. 3．With fresh water , the situation was getting worse. 4．In the 1960s, Martin Luther King equal rights and freedom by organizing non-violent protests. 5．He a practical solution to the problem when he was least expecting it. 6．The suspect was put last night, charged with attempted murder. 7．Now that I to represent the whole team recently, I have to work harder. 8． his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops. 9．He managed to complete the task perfectly lack of experience. 10．The Hong Kong firefighters who risked the Tai Po Fire are respectable heroes and role models of courage and selflessness. III.翻译句子 1．该品牌从传统编织工艺中汲取灵感，推出了马年新春系列。（collection）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．我们真的很幸运能有机会和像您这样大名鼎鼎的科学家面对面探讨我们感兴趣的话题。(fortunate) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________ 3．无论去哪里旅游，我表姐都会尝试当地食物来体验文化。(wherever) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________ 4．尽管上午阴雨绵绵，午后却雨过天晴，全校师生响应阳光体育号召，齐聚操场，尽享运动乐趣. (despite) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________ 5．为了更好的保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们的行为并且做出改变。（to do做目的状语；urge sb to do; reflect on）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 6．事实证据越具体，论点就越有说服力。（The more ...）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 7．她英语说得很好。这是因为她每天练习口语。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________8．作为高中生，你应该学会独立解决问题。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________9．我相信这次展览既长知识又振奋人心，希望你能和我一起去。（汉译英） ______________________________________________________________________________ 阅读提能 IV.阅读理解 As countries plan to return humans to the moon, one practical question remains: how can astronauts build shelters and tools without carrying everything from Earth? Transporting heavy materials into space is costly and time-consuming, so scientists are exploring ways to make use of resources already available on the moon. In a recent study, researchers tested whether simulated lunar soil could be used in 3D printing. They used a powerful laser to melt a man-made version of moon dust, known as regolith simulant, and printed it layer by layer to form small objects. The printed pieces were found to be hard and able to withstand high temperatures. To understand how reliable this method might be, the team carried out experiments under different conditions. They discovered that the final product depended greatly on the surface onto which the soil was printed. When printed on stainless steel or glass surfaces, the material did not stick well. However, it bonded strongly with alumina-silicate ceramic. The two substances formed stable crystals together, which improved mechanical strength and the material’s resistance to sudden temperature changes. The surrounding environment also played an important role. Changes in oxygen levels, laser power and printing speed all affected the quality of the material. Because the moon has an extreme environment, including vacuum, fine dust and sharp temperature differences, it is difficult to fully recreate such conditions in a laboratory. This means that more testing is needed before the technology can be used in real missions. Despite these challenges, researchers believe this approach could support future programs such as NASA’s Artemis missions, which aim to establish a long-term human presence on the moon. By using local materials instead of transporting large amounts of supplies from Earth, astronauts may save both time and cost. In addition, the findings may have value beyond space exploration. Learning to manufacture useful products with limited resources could help improve sustainability on Earth and offer new solutions to material shortages in the future. 1．What was a key finding about printing on different surfaces? A．Glass was the ideal surface for printing. B．The surface type did not affect the result. C．It bonded perfectly with alumina-silicate. D．Stainless steel provided the strongest bond. 2．Why is more testing needed before real missions? A．Astronauts lack training for 3D printing. B．Lab conditions cannot fully match space. C．Scientists have not found the right soil yet. D．The current printers are too expensive to build. 3．What is a major benefit of this technology for Earth? A．It greatly reduces lunar dust risks. B．It cuts down the cost of space travel. C．It allows importing moon materials to Earth. D．It teaches making things with few resources. 4．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Building on the Moon: Using Local Dirt B．NASA’s Artemis: Returning to the Moon C．3D Printing: The Future of Space Exploration D．Moon or Earth: New Solutions for Old Problems V.完形填空 Six years as a space reporter taught me that chaos rules everything. Nothing is completely predictable or controlled. I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial (天空的) event is ever truly promised to us 1 on the Earth. So when my mother and I decided to drive out to Erie, Pennsylvania, to see the April 8 total solar eclipse (日全食) this year, I knew this would be a trip of two 2 attitudes. I’d be 3 about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would 4 and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives. I told her not to 5 the universe for this one; she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else. I was once again humbled into a 6 I’ve learned time and time again — Mama knows best. Erie’s forecast that morning was looking 7 , but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p.m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear. The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested (达到顶峰), concentrating into a 8 orange glow. The eclipse 9 at 3:16 p.m. A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle. The sunset-like 10 glowed and bloomed in the distance. I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out from the sides of the 11 in slightly bright red and pink. Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this performance. It felt like bearing 12 to something close to a miracle. Four minutes later, the eclipse 13 . The sun brightened again. And the clouds 14 violently, swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray. But for four incredible minutes, the universe seems to have 15 a promise to my mother. 1．A．analysts B．investigators C．astronauts D．observers 2．A． consistent B．amusing C．conflicting D．agreeable 3．A．pessimistic B．confused C．optimistic D．curious 4．A．lose B．delay C．fail D．win 5．A．feed on B．take on C．settle on D．count on 6．A．plan B．lesson C．practice D．skill 7．A．usual B．terrible C．average D．beautiful 8．A．dull B．faint C．weak D．fierce 9．A．disappeared B．struck C．died D．exploded 10．A．colors B．shapes C．circuits D．scenes 11．A．sky B．sun C．moon D．star 12．A．witness B．tolerance C．relation D．reference 13．A．continued B．progressed C．ended D．ticked 14．A．returned B．quit C．left D．faded 15．A．lost focus on B．lived up to C．took account of D．kept track of 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 I.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词 1．independently 【详解】考查副词。句意：她没有任何帮助，独立地完成了这个项目。根据汉语提示“独立地”可知，应填副词independently，修饰动词completed。故填independently。 2．analysis 【详解】考查名词。句意：在做出最终决定之前，我们需要仔细分析每个选择的优缺点。根据汉语提示“分析”可知，应填名词analysis，作宾语，不定冠词a表明用名词单数，故填analysis。 3．improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：要提高英语口语，和以英语为母语的人交谈是个好方法。根据汉语提示“提高”可知，此处为动词improve，空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式作目的状语。故填improve。 4．determined/determination 【详解】考查动词或名词。句意：我们知道，一旦她下定决心做某事，她就会通过巨大的努力实现梦想。根据句意和中文提示可知，此处表示“决心”可用动词determine，且这里需用过去分词形式与前面has构成现在完成时；表示“决心”也可用determination，为名词，在句中作宾语，构成固定搭配have determination to do sth.，表“决定做某事”。故填determined或determination。 5．limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在利用现有的有限资源尽最大努力。空处修饰名词resources，形容词limited“有限的”符合题意。故填limited。 6．mystery 【详解】考查名词。句意：天池是一个充满神秘色彩的地方。“神秘”是名词mystery，作宾语。故填mystery。 7．attached 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：义务教育不应附加任何条件。根据汉语提示“贴，绑”可知，此处使用动词attach，与空前should be构成被动语态，空处需填过去分词attached。故填attached。 8．resource 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于一个国家而言，人才资源是其最重要的资源。根据汉语提示可知用名词resource，作表语，结合上文a可知为单数。故填resource。 9．regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：40岁以上的人应该定期进行体检。根据汉语提示可知用副词regularly，修饰动词have。故填regularly。 10．Current 【详解】考查形容词。句意：现在的观点认为，在小学的中高年级坠入爱河并不奇怪。空处用于名词thinking之前，应用形容词current作定语，表示“现在的，当前的”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Current。 11．beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：香港的局势已经糟糕到超出预期。根据汉语提示“超过”可知，此处应用介词beyond，beyond expectation表示“超出预期”，符合语境。故填beyond。 12．intelligent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个聪慧又活泼的年轻女性。根据汉语提示“聪慧的”可知，用形容词intelligent，作前置定语，修饰名词woman。故填intelligent。 13．interview 【详解】考查名词。句意：毕业生在找到工作之前必须至少经历一次面试。根据汉语提示可知，名词interview“面试”符合，为可数名词，由空前one可知，此处应用单数形式，在句中作宾语。故填interview。 14．astronaut 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名宇航员，他必须学习很多关于太空的知识并且保持健康。根据汉语提示“宇航员”以及空前的“an”可知，此处应填名词单数astronaut，在句中作介词As的宾语。故填astronaut。 15．establish 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们市将在城市南部再建立一所大型高中。“建立”用establish，本空用动词原形，与will构成一般将来时。故填establish。 16．mental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家们要求志愿者参加这项测试，以测量他们的精神能力。空处为形容词修饰ability作定语，表示“精神的”为mental。故填mental。 17．transmitted 【详解】考查动词。句意：两天来，我的朋友没有给我发任何信息。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词transmit，结合上文hasn’t可知，为现在完成时的否定形式，表示“我的朋友没有给我发任何消息”，所以空处需填过去分词。故填transmitted。 18．vehicles 【详解】考查名词。句意：周日街道上的车辆太多了。表示“车辆，交通工具”为vehicle，根据many可知，用名词复数作there be句型的主语。故填vehicles。 II.用所给短语的适当形式填空 1．is broken down 2．to breathe in 3．running out 4．fought for 5．came across 6．behind bars 7．have been picked out 8．Apart from 9．in spite of 10．putting out 【解析】1．考查固定短语和动词语态。句意：这些语法规则告诉我们一个句子如何被分解成短语。根据“into phrases”可知，此处表示“分解成短语”，用固定短语break down“分解”；句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，a sentence和break down之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is broken down。 2．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：在地震中，敲墙，避免大喊大叫，因为大喊大叫会让你吸入大量危险的灰尘。根据“a dangerous amount of dust”可知，此处表示“吸入灰尘”，用固定短语breathe in“吸入”；cause sb to do sth“使某人做某事”，空处用动词不定式。故填to breathe in。 3．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：随着淡水的耗尽，情况变得更糟了。根据“the situation was getting worse”可知，此处表示“淡水耗尽”，用固定短语run out“用完，耗尽”；with复合结构中，with的宾语fresh water和run out之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填running out。 4．考查固定短语和时态。句意：20世纪60年代，马丁·路德·金通过组织非暴力抗议活动争取平等权利和自由。根据“equal rights and freedom”可知，此处表示“争取平等权利和自由”，用固定短语fight for“为……而战斗”；根据时间状语In the 1960s可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填fought for。 5．考查固定短语和时态。句意：当他最不期望的时候，他偶然发现了一个解决这个问题的切实可行的办法。根据“a practical solution to the problem”可知，此处表示“偶然发现一个切实可行的办法”，用固定短语come across“偶然发现”；句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填came across。 6．考查固定短语。句意：这名嫌疑人昨晚被关进监狱，被控谋杀未遂。根据“charged with attempted murder”可知，此处表示“被关进监狱”，用固定短语behind bars“在狱中，被囚禁”。故填behind bars。 7．考查固定短语和时态。句意：既然我最近被选为代表整个团队，我必须更加努力地工作。根据“to represent the whole team”可知，此处表示“被选为代表整个团队”，用固定短语pick out“挑出”；根据recently可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，且I和pick out之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been picked out。 8．考查固定短语。句意：除了担任足球教练的收入外，他还拥有并经营着一家连锁体育用品商店。根据“his earnings as a football coach”和“he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops”可知，前后是并列补充关系，用固定短语apart from“除了……之外（还）”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Apart from。 9．考查固定短语。句意：尽管缺乏经验，他还是成功地完成了任务。根据“lack of experience”和“He managed to complete the task perfectly”可知，前后是转折关系，用固定短语in spite of“尽管”。故填in spite of。 10．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：冒着危险去扑灭大埔大火的香港消防员是令人尊敬的英雄，是勇气和无私的榜样。根据“the Tai Po Fire”可知，此处表示“扑灭大火”，用固定短语put out“扑灭”；risk doing sth“冒险做某事”，空处应用动名词形，作宾语。故填putting out。 III.翻译句子 1．The brand drew inspiration from traditional weaving techniques and launched the Horse Year New Spring collection. 【详解】考查时态、名词。表示“该品牌”用The brand，作句子主语，句首单词首字母大写；表示“从……中汲取灵感”用draw inspiration from，描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用drew；表示“传统编织工艺”用traditional weaving techniques，作from的宾语；表示“推出了”用launch，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用launched；表示“马年新春系列”用the Horse Year New Spring collection，作launched的宾语。故翻译为The brand drew inspiration from traditional weaving techniques and launched the Horse Year New Spring collection. 2．We are really fortunate to have the opportunity to talk with a well-known scientist like you face to face about the topic we are interested in. 【详解】考查定语从句、形容词（短语）、动词短语、名词和副词。句子应该是描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；主语“我们”用代词we，“很幸运能做某事”可用形容词短语be fortunate to do，be动词变为are，“真的”可用副词really，修饰fortunate，“有机会做某事”可用动词短语have the opportunity to do，“和某人探讨某物”可用动词短语talk with sb. about sth.，“面对面”可用固定短语face to face，with的宾语“像您这样大名鼎鼎的科学家”可用名词短语a well-known scientist like you，其中like you是作后置定语，about的宾语“话题”可用名词the topic；“我们感兴趣的”是修饰topic的成分，可用限制性定语从句从句表示，先行词topic在从句中作宾语，关系代词可省略，从句主语“我们”用代词we，“对……感兴趣”可用形容词短语be interested in，be动词变为are。故可译为：We are really fortunate to have the opportunity to talk with a well-known scientist like you face to face about the topic we are interested in. 3．Wherever she travels, my cousin tries the local food to experience the culture. 【详解】考查时态、不定式和让步状语从句。表示“无论哪里”可用wherever，引导让步状语从句；表示“旅游”用动词travel，句子描述经常性、习惯性动作，用一般现在时，从句主语为she，动词用第三人称单数travels；表示“我表姐”my cousin；表示“尝试当地食物”是try the local food，主句主语为单数，谓语动词用tries；表示“来体验文化”用不定式 to experience the culture作目的状语。故翻译为Wherever she travels, my cousin tries the local food to experience the culture. 4．Despite the continuous rain in the morning, the rain stopped and the sky cleared up by the afternoon, and all the teachers and students, responding to the “Sunshine Sports” initiative, gathered on the playground to enjoy the fun of sports. 【详解】考查despite的用法、非谓语动词和时态。题干所给提示词despite是介词，后接名词性成分，用来引导让步关系；句子描述过去的事件，整体使用一般过去时。“尽管”为介词despite，后接“上午阴雨绵绵”用名词短语the continuous rain in the morning，表达“尽管上午阴雨绵绵”的让步含义；“午后却雨过天晴”翻译为the rain stopped and the sky cleared up by the afternoon，描述天气的变化为第一个分句；与后一个分句并列用and连接，“全校师生”用all the teachers and students表达，作后一个分句的主语，“响应阳光体育号召”用现在分词短语responding to the “Sunshine Sports” initiative作伴随状语；“齐聚操场，尽享运动乐趣”翻译为gathered on the playground to enjoy the fun of sports，其中不定式作目的状语。 故翻译为：Despite the continuous rain in the morning, the rain stopped and the sky cleared up by the afternoon, and all the teachers and students, responding to the “Sunshine Sports” initiative, gathered on the playground to enjoy the fun of sports. 5．To protect oceans better, we must urge more people to reflect on their own behavior and make changes. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。此处表示“为了更好的保护海洋”为不定式短语To protect oceans better，作目的状语；主语为we；表示“敦促某人做某事”短语为urge sb. to do sth.，且must后跟动词原形；表示“更多的人”短语为more people；表示“反思”短语为reflect on；表示“他们的行为”为their own behavior；表示“做出改变”为make changes。故翻译为To protect oceans better, we must urge more people to reflect on their own behavior and make changes. 6．The more specific the factual evidence is, the more persuasive the argument will be. 【详解】考查比较状语从句和形容词用法。表示“越……就越……”用固定结构“The more+形容词/副词，the more+形容词/副词”。表示“事实证据”用factual evidence，“具体的”用形容词specific，从句为主系表结构，即the more specific the factual evidence is；表示“论点”用argument，“有说服力的”用形容词persuasive，主句用the more persuasive the argument will be。故翻译为：The more specific the factual evidence is, the more persuasive the argument will be. 7．She speaks English very well. This is because she practices speaking every day. 【详解】考查时态和表语从句。第一句主语为she；表示“英语说得很好”为speak English very well；主语为第三人称单数，表示客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；表示“这是因为……”句型为This is because…，because引出原因，引导原因状语从句；主语为she；表示“每天练习口语”为practice speaking every day，说明经常性习惯动作为一般现在时，动词也用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为She speaks English very well. This is because she practices speaking every day. 8．As a high school student, you should learn to solve problems independently. 【详解】考查短语和词汇。“作为高中生”用as a high school student，主语是you，“应该”用情态动词should，“学习做某事”为短语learn to do sth.，“解决问题”用solve problems，solve用不定式，状语“独立”用副词independently。故翻译为：As a high school student, you should learn to solve problems independently. 9．I believe the exhibition is educational and inspiring, and I really hope you can join me. 【详解】考查时态和宾语从句。根据句意可知，本句描述现实状况，用一般现在时。表示“我相信”为 I believe，“这次展览既长知识又振奋人心”翻译为that引导的名词性从句（that 可省略）作believe宾语，“展览”为名词exhibition，作从句主语，“长知识”翻译为形容词educational，“振奋人心”译为形容词inspiring，与educational并列作表语，“这次展览既长知识又振奋人心”翻译为（that）the exhibition is educational and inspiring；“希望”为动词hope，主语为I“我”，“你能和我一起去”翻译为you can join me，作hope宾语从句，从句结构、句意完整，用that连接，即that you can join me，that可省略，“希望你能和我一起去”翻译为I really hope you can join me，与上文“我相信这次展览既长知识又振奋人心”为并列关系，用连词and连接。故翻译为 I believe the exhibition is educational and inspiring, and I really hope you can join me. IV.阅读理解 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家研究利用月球土壤进行3D打印，探索在月球就地取材建造设施的技术与前景。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, it bonded strongly with alumina-silicate ceramic. The two substances formed stable crystals together, which improved mechanical strength and the material’s resistance to sudden temperature changes.(然而，它与铝硅酸盐陶瓷结合得非常牢固。这两种物质共同形成了稳定的晶体，提高了材料的机械强度和抗温度骤变能力。)”可知，模拟月壤与铝硅酸盐陶瓷结合效果极佳，这是在不同表面打印的关键发现。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Because the moon has an extreme environment, including vacuum, fine dust and sharp temperature differences, it is difficult to fully recreate such conditions in a laboratory. This means that more testing is needed before the technology can be used in real missions.(由于月球具有极端环境，包括真空、微尘和剧烈温差，实验室很难完全重现这些条件。这意味着该技术在用于实际任务前需要更多测试。)”可知，实验室环境无法完全匹配太空环境，因此需要更多试验。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In addition, the findings may have value beyond space exploration. Learning to manufacture useful products with limited resources could help improve sustainability on Earth and offer new solutions to material shortages in the future.(此外，这些发现的价值可能超出太空探索范畴。学会用有限资源制造有用物品，有助于提升地球的可持续性，并为未来的材料短缺提供新解决方案。)”可知，这项技术对地球的主要益处是教会人们用有限资源进行生产。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Transporting heavy materials into space is costly and time-consuming, so scientists are exploring ways to make use of resources already available on the moon. (将重型物资运送到太空成本高昂且耗时，因此科学家们正在探索利用月球上现有资源的方法。)”和第二段研究利用模拟月壤进行3D打印的内容可知，文章围绕在月球利用本土土壤开展建造展开，因此“在月球建造：利用当地土壤”最适合作为标题。故选A项。 V.完形填空 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和母亲去看日全食，经历天气变化最终见证奇迹的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经看够了出问题的情况，知道对于地球上的观察者来说，没有哪次天象观测是真正有保证的。A. analysts分析者；B. investigators调查员；C. astronauts宇航员；D. observers观察者。根据前文“I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial (天空的) event is ever truly promised to us”可知，这里说的是观测天象的人，即观察者，故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我和妈妈决定开车去宾夕法尼亚州的伊利看今年4月8日的日全食时，我知道这将是一次两种冲突态度的旅行。A. consistent一致的；B. amusing有趣的；C. conflicting冲突的；D. agreeable令人愉快的。根据后文“I’d be ____ about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would ____ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.”可知，作者和母亲态度不同，有冲突，故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会对天气感到悲观，并确信我们会成为统治世界的随机性的受害者，而我妈妈会坚信秩序会获胜，天空会让我们第一次瞥见这样的日食。A. pessimistic悲观的；B. confused困惑的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world”可知，作者态度悲观，故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lose失去；B. delay延迟；C. fail失败；D. win获胜。根据后文“the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives”可知，母亲坚信秩序会获胜，预报的日全食会如约而来，故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉她不要指望宇宙会实现这个愿望；她告诉我她不会依赖其他任何东西。A. feed on以……为食；B. take on承担；C. settle on选定；D. count on指望。根据后文“she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else.”可知，作者让母亲不要指望宇宙，depend on与 count on为近义词，故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又一次谦卑地接受了一个我一次又一次学到的教训——妈妈总是对的。A. plan计划；B. lesson教训；C. practice练习；D. skill技能。根据后文“Mama knows best”可知，这是作者从中学到的道理，学到的教训，故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早上伊利的天气预报看起来很糟糕，但下午2点过后不久，当太阳和月亮第一次接触开始时，城市海湾上空的云层开始消散。A. usual通常的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. average平均的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据后文“but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p.m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear.”可知，转折后表示乌云开始消散，天气转晴，由此推断前面应该是当地气象局预报天气不好，故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日食镜片下的淡黄色太阳迅速达到顶峰，集中成强烈的橙色光芒。A. dull迟钝的；B. faint微弱的；C. weak虚弱的；D. fierce强烈的。根据前文“The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested (达到顶峰)”，太阳达到顶峰，光芒强烈，故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：日食在下午3点16分发生。A. disappeared消失；B. struck打击，（疾病、灾难等）侵袭；C. died死亡；D. exploded爆炸。根据后文“A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle.”可知，日食发生，太阳出现变化，strike有“发生（某种情况）”之意，符合语境，故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像日落一样的颜色在远处发光并绽放。A. colors颜色；B. shapes形状；C. circuits电路；D. scenes场景。根据后文“I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out from the sides of the ____ in slightly bright red and pink.”可知，这里说的是天空呈现的颜色，即像日落一样的颜色，故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以看到从太阳两侧伸出的日珥，呈微亮的红色和粉色。A. sky天空；B. sun太阳；C. moon月亮；D. star星星。根据前文“I could spot solar prominences (日珥) sticking out from the sides”可知，日珥是从太阳两侧伸出的，故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉就像见证了接近奇迹的东西。A. witness见证；B. tolerance容忍；C. relation关系；D. reference参考。根据后文“something close to a miracle”可知，作者看到了日食的景象，感觉像见证了奇迹，故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四分钟后，日食结束了。A. continued继续；B. progressed进展；C. ended结束；D. ticked滴答作响。根据后文“The sun brightened again.”可知，太阳再次变亮，日食结束了，故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：云层剧烈地回来，把月亮、太阳和天空都吞没在灰色中。A. returned回来；B. quit退出；C. left离开；D. faded褪色。根据前文“but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p.m., the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear.”和后文“swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray”可知，日食现象发生前是有云的，只是突然散去，太阳月亮出现，并发生了日食，而此处日食结束，云层又回来了，遮蔽了天空。故选A。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在令人难以置信的四分钟里，宇宙似乎兑现了对我母亲的承诺。A. lost focus on失去对……的关注；B. lived up to不辜负，兑现；C. took account of考虑到；D. kept track of记录。根据前文“while my mom would have strong faith that order would ____ and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.”和后文“a promise to my mother.”可知，前文提及母亲坚信天空会让他们看到日全食，结果真地目睹了日全食的全过程，即宇宙似乎兑现了让母亲看到日食的承诺，故选B。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $