Unit 2 Digital Human 利弊类议论文（单元应用文写作精练）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第二册

Unit 2 Digital Human利弊类议论文 应用文写作精练 写作主题 识 主题：利弊类议论文（For and Against Essay）写作指南 写作框架： 引言段 Introduction 背景引入：用1-2句话介绍现代科技（如数字人、AI）的发展现状，体现话题相关性。 thesis statement（核心论点）：明确指出“现代科技存在显著优势，但也伴随不可忽视的问题”，为下文正反论证铺垫。 正面论证段 Arguments For 反面论证段 Arguments Against 主题句（Topic Sentence）：开篇点明现代科技的核心优势（如提升效率、改善生活）。 论据支撑：结合2-3个具体例子（如数字人在医疗领域辅助诊断、在教育领域个性化教学），每个例子搭配1-2句细节说明（如“数字人可24小时响应患者咨询，缓解医疗资源紧张”）。 主题句（Topic Sentence）：清晰提出现代科技的主要问题（如伦理风险、就业影响）。 论据支撑：对应正面观点，列举2-3个具体问题（如数字人可能泄露用户隐私、自动化技术导致部分岗位被替代），补充细节（如“数据收集过程缺乏监管，易引发信息安全事故”）。 结论段 Conclusion 总结正反观点：简要概括前文提到的优势与问题，避免重复细节。 提出平衡观点/建议：强调“应合理利用科技优势，通过政策、技术手段规避风险”，或表达“科技发展需兼顾效率与人文关怀”的立场。 写作词汇短语： 1. 正面观点类 • 提升效率：enhance efficiency, boost productivity, improve work efficiency • 改善生活：improve the quality of life, enrich daily life, facilitate daily routines • 推动发展：promote development, drive progress, advance technological innovation • 具体领域：medical assistance（医疗辅助）, personalized education（个性化教育）, intelligent service（智能服务） 2. 反面观点类 • 伦理风险：ethical risks, moral dilemmas, ethical concerns • 就业影响：impact employment, lead to job displacement, cause unemployment • 隐私安全：privacy leakage, information security risks, data breach • 其他问题：over-reliance on technology（过度依赖科技）, social isolation（社会孤立）, environmental pollution（环境污染，如电子废弃物） 3. 衔接过渡类 • 引出正面：Firstly, One major advantage of modern technology is...; To begin with, it is undeniable that... • 引出反面：However, modern technology also brings about several problems; On the other hand, there are significant drawbacks to... • 总结转折：In spite of its advantages, ...; Although it has many benefits, we cannot ignore its negative effects. 写作句型： 【引言段句型】 • With the rapid development of modern technology, digital humans and artificial intelligence have gradually entered people's lives. • In recent years, technological innovations such as digital humans have sparked widespread discussion about their impact on society. • It is a common phenomenon that modern technology plays an increasingly important role in various fields, but its pros and cons have become a hot topic. 【正面论证句型】 • One of the most obvious advantages of digital humans is that they can provide 24-hour services without fatigue, which greatly improves work efficiency in industries like healthcare and customer service. • Modern technology enables people to access information more quickly and conveniently, making long-distance communication and learning easier than ever before. • For instance, in the field of education, AI-powered digital humans can customize learning plans for students, helping them improve their academic performance effectively. 【反面论证句型】 • Despite its benefits, modern technology may pose a threat to personal privacy, as digital devices and platforms often collect and store large amounts of user data. • Another serious problem caused by technological development is job displacement, especially for workers in traditional industries who lack advanced technical skills. • Take the popularity of digital humans in the workplace as an example: many repetitive jobs (such as data entry and basic customer service) are now done by machines, leaving many people unemployed. 【结论段句型】 • In conclusion, modern technology has both positive and negative effects on society. We should make full use of its advantages while taking measures to reduce its potential risks. • To sum up, although modern technology brings convenience and progress, we must not overlook its drawbacks. Only by balancing development and regulation can we maximize its benefits. • In my opinion, the key to dealing with modern technology is to promote its rational use—governments should formulate relevant policies, and individuals should enhance their awareness of risk prevention. 写作模板： Recently, the rise in the problem/ phenomenon of 作文主题 has arouse worldwide concern.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in 作文主题. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, 优点1. And secondly, 优点2. Just as a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", 作文主题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, 缺点1. In addition, 缺点2. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of作文主题 into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of 作文主题. 现在越来越多的学生使用“作业帮”这个APP 来搜查他们不会做的题目。对此，不同的人有不同的看法。请根据以下文字的提示，并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。 优点 1. 及时帮助学生解决在学习中遇到的困难； 2. 在家就能学习，简单，方便； 3. 可以选择自己喜欢的老师，学习兴趣更浓。 缺点 1. 有的学生假装学习，事实上在玩游戏； 2. 有的学生不想独立思考，直接照抄答案，他们根本不关心自己的学习，只是虚度光阴。 你的建议 联系实际，给出自己合理的建议。 要求： 1. 100－110 词。（开头的首句已给出，不计算在词数内） 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称及其他相关信息，否则，不予评分。 参考词汇：convenient方便的，便利的 pretend to do...假装做…… think independently独立思考 Today, more and more students are using the App zuoyebang. However, different people have different ideas about it. Some people think _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 文章讨论了许多年轻人很在意自己外貌的问题，文章的最后指出：“We need to judge people by what they do, not what they look like.” 你同意文章最后提出的观点吗？对此观点你有何看法？请根据下面提示写一篇英语短文谈谈你的看法，阐述理由，并举例说明。 写作要点： I. Your opinion (agree/ disagree /…)； 2. Reasons (looks, personality品性， ability...)； 3. An example (yourself/ a person around you/ a famous person/…). 要求： 1. 短文应包括提示中所有的写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 如举自己或身边的人作为例子，不能出现真实的人名和地名； 3. 词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 最近，你们班就“是否应该帮助陌生人”展开了讨论，同学们就这一话题意见不一，你的看法如何?根据所提供的信息，以“Should We Help Strangers?”为题，写一篇短文。 原因 赞成 帮助他人是美德； 帮助他人就是帮助自己； 反对 怕陷入麻烦； 怕被误解； 你的观点?（至少两点） 要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥； 3）词数：100左右（征文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 参考词汇：美德virtue Should We Help Strangers? Recently our class had a discussion about whether we should help strangers．Different students have different opinions． 网购已不再是一个新鲜的社会现象。但它与实体店购物的比较依然是人们热衷的话题。 随着社会的发展，网上购物成为一种新型的购物方式。请根据下表提示，谈谈网上购物的利与弊。 要求： 1.语句流畅，书写规范。 2. 包含提示内容，并可适当发挥。 3.词数100左右，首句已给出，不计入总词数。 4.文中不能出现人名、地名等真实信息。 Advantages:方便（convenient）；24小时营业；不用排队 Disadvantages:看不见物品；容易受到欺骗（be cheated）；不能享受和朋友一起购物的乐趣 据了解，为了进一步引导中学生积极参加体育锻炼，提高身体素质，襄阳市教育主管部门正在研究制定有关“中考”体育考试的改革方案( the plan)，考虑在原有项目的基础上增加篮球、排球或足球，总分(the score)也由30分增加至50分。作为一名参加过体育“中考”的学生，你对这样的改革持什么样的态度。请根据写作要点提示，用英语写一篇短文表述你的观点。 1．要点提示： (l)观点明确（要么赞成，要么反对）： (2)理由充分（可针对增加考试的项目和调整的分值，也可只选其一。限三条理由）； (3)给出建议（围绕你的观点提出一条合理化建议）。 2．注意事项： (l)字数：100词左右： (2)行文应连贯流畅； (3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 上周某班同学就“音乐美术是否应该纳入中考”展开了相关讨论，同学们各抒己见。假如你是该班同学，请你根据下表的提示内容，结合你自己对此事的看法，用英语给校报写一篇短文。 赞成 1.重视艺术学习，······ 2.促使技能提高，······ 反对 1.考试科目太多，······ 2.投入精力更大，······ 你的观点 ······ 注意： 1.所写短文必须包括表中的提示内容，并作适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称； 3.表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 4.词数不少于90,短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Last week,we held a discussion about whether Music and Art should enter the Entrance Examination for the High School. Students have different opinions. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Digital Human利弊类议论文 应用文写作精练 写作主题 识 主题：利弊类议论文（For and Against Essay）写作指南 写作框架： 引言段 Introduction 背景引入：用1-2句话介绍现代科技（如数字人、AI）的发展现状，体现话题相关性。 thesis statement（核心论点）：明确指出“现代科技存在显著优势，但也伴随不可忽视的问题”，为下文正反论证铺垫。 正面论证段 Arguments For 反面论证段 Arguments Against 主题句（Topic Sentence）：开篇点明现代科技的核心优势（如提升效率、改善生活）。 论据支撑：结合2-3个具体例子（如数字人在医疗领域辅助诊断、在教育领域个性化教学），每个例子搭配1-2句细节说明（如“数字人可24小时响应患者咨询，缓解医疗资源紧张”）。 主题句（Topic Sentence）：清晰提出现代科技的主要问题（如伦理风险、就业影响）。 论据支撑：对应正面观点，列举2-3个具体问题（如数字人可能泄露用户隐私、自动化技术导致部分岗位被替代），补充细节（如“数据收集过程缺乏监管，易引发信息安全事故”）。 结论段 Conclusion 总结正反观点：简要概括前文提到的优势与问题，避免重复细节。 提出平衡观点/建议：强调“应合理利用科技优势，通过政策、技术手段规避风险”，或表达“科技发展需兼顾效率与人文关怀”的立场。 写作词汇短语： 1. 正面观点类 • 提升效率：enhance efficiency, boost productivity, improve work efficiency • 改善生活：improve the quality of life, enrich daily life, facilitate daily routines • 推动发展：promote development, drive progress, advance technological innovation • 具体领域：medical assistance（医疗辅助）, personalized education（个性化教育）, intelligent service（智能服务） 2. 反面观点类 • 伦理风险：ethical risks, moral dilemmas, ethical concerns • 就业影响：impact employment, lead to job displacement, cause unemployment • 隐私安全：privacy leakage, information security risks, data breach • 其他问题：over-reliance on technology（过度依赖科技）, social isolation（社会孤立）, environmental pollution（环境污染，如电子废弃物） 3. 衔接过渡类 • 引出正面：Firstly, One major advantage of modern technology is...; To begin with, it is undeniable that... • 引出反面：However, modern technology also brings about several problems; On the other hand, there are significant drawbacks to... • 总结转折：In spite of its advantages, ...; Although it has many benefits, we cannot ignore its negative effects. 写作句型： 【引言段句型】 • With the rapid development of modern technology, digital humans and artificial intelligence have gradually entered people's lives. • In recent years, technological innovations such as digital humans have sparked widespread discussion about their impact on society. • It is a common phenomenon that modern technology plays an increasingly important role in various fields, but its pros and cons have become a hot topic. 【正面论证句型】 • One of the most obvious advantages of digital humans is that they can provide 24-hour services without fatigue, which greatly improves work efficiency in industries like healthcare and customer service. • Modern technology enables people to access information more quickly and conveniently, making long-distance communication and learning easier than ever before. • For instance, in the field of education, AI-powered digital humans can customize learning plans for students, helping them improve their academic performance effectively. 【反面论证句型】 • Despite its benefits, modern technology may pose a threat to personal privacy, as digital devices and platforms often collect and store large amounts of user data. • Another serious problem caused by technological development is job displacement, especially for workers in traditional industries who lack advanced technical skills. • Take the popularity of digital humans in the workplace as an example: many repetitive jobs (such as data entry and basic customer service) are now done by machines, leaving many people unemployed. 【结论段句型】 • In conclusion, modern technology has both positive and negative effects on society. We should make full use of its advantages while taking measures to reduce its potential risks. • To sum up, although modern technology brings convenience and progress, we must not overlook its drawbacks. Only by balancing development and regulation can we maximize its benefits. • In my opinion, the key to dealing with modern technology is to promote its rational use—governments should formulate relevant policies, and individuals should enhance their awareness of risk prevention. 写作模板： Recently, the rise in the problem/ phenomenon of 作文主题 has arouse worldwide concern.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in 作文主题. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, 优点1. And secondly, 优点2. Just as a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", 作文主题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, 缺点1. In addition, 缺点2. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of作文主题 into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of 作文主题. 现在越来越多的学生使用“作业帮”这个APP 来搜查他们不会做的题目。对此，不同的人有不同的看法。请根据以下文字的提示，并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。 优点 1. 及时帮助学生解决在学习中遇到的困难； 2. 在家就能学习，简单，方便； 3. 可以选择自己喜欢的老师，学习兴趣更浓。 缺点 1. 有的学生假装学习，事实上在玩游戏； 2. 有的学生不想独立思考，直接照抄答案，他们根本不关心自己的学习，只是虚度光阴。 你的建议 联系实际，给出自己合理的建议。 要求： 1. 100－110 词。（开头的首句已给出，不计算在词数内） 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称及其他相关信息，否则，不予评分。 参考词汇：convenient方便的，便利的 pretend to do...假装做…… think independently独立思考 Today, more and more students are using the App zuoyebang. However, different people have different ideas about it. Some people think _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Today, more and more students are using the APP zuoyebang. Different people have different ideas about it. Some people think it’s useful. The APP zuoyebang can help students to solve difficulties in their studying in time. It’s easy and convenient for them. They can study at home. They can choose their own teachers they like, and they will be more interested in studying. However, others don’t think so. They think some students just pretend to study, in fact they play games. They don’t want to think independently, but only copy the answers. They don’t care about their studying at all. It’s a waste of time. I think it’s good for students who are hard-working. They can study better. But for students who don’t want to study, it’s very bad. 【解析】 这篇作文要求我们对介绍不同人对“作业帮”这个应用软件的看法，并联系实际，发表自己的观点。题目中利用表格的形式，列出了写作的主要内容，审题可知，短文应包括以下几个部分：作业帮的优点、缺点以及个人观点。可以分为三段分别进行叙述，各自的理由在表格中都已呈现，学生们需要用正确的英语将这些内容表达出来。最后一部分内容则需要学生们联系自己的实际生活，发挥想象力，自己来补充适当的内容。文章应以一般现在时、第三人称和第一人称为主来叙述。写作时应注意：首先要将题目中要求的所有内容都包括在作文中，不能遗漏要点。可以根据表达需要适当发挥，使文章内容更加充实、完整，但需要注意合理性，要紧贴题目要求和文章主旨。其次应注意英语表达习惯和汉语的不同，不能逐词翻译表格内容，写汉语式的英语。应从句子的整体结构出发，以简单句结构为基础，穿插并列句、复合句以及其他复合结构的使用，提升作文档次。同时语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使行文连贯、自然。 文章讨论了许多年轻人很在意自己外貌的问题，文章的最后指出：“We need to judge people by what they do, not what they look like.” 你同意文章最后提出的观点吗？对此观点你有何看法？请根据下面提示写一篇英语短文谈谈你的看法，阐述理由，并举例说明。 写作要点： I. Your opinion (agree/ disagree /…)； 2. Reasons (looks, personality品性， ability...)； 3. An example (yourself/ a person around you/ a famous person/…). 要求： 1. 短文应包括提示中所有的写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 如举自己或身边的人作为例子，不能出现真实的人名和地名； 3. 词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I agree with the opinion. Compared with looks, personality and ability are more important. Because we can’t change our looks easily, but we can decide and control what we do. Thnaks to the kind and hard-working people, our society is becoming better and better. For example, Ma Yun, a well-known businessman, doesn’t look handsome, but he created Alibaba which has changed our lifestyle and made our life more convenient. He has been doing so much for our society that we all admire him. Because of his contribution to our society, we even think he looks so cool. So let’s try our best to do more useful things for our society and pay less attentionto our looks. 【写作思路】 这是一篇要求根据文章中许多年轻人很在意自己外貌的问题，文章最后提出判断一个人应该根据他做了什么，而不是根据一个人的外貌来判断，对这一观点提出自己的看法。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用一般现在时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 最近，你们班就“是否应该帮助陌生人”展开了讨论，同学们就这一话题意见不一，你的看法如何?根据所提供的信息，以“Should We Help Strangers?”为题，写一篇短文。 原因 赞成 帮助他人是美德； 帮助他人就是帮助自己； 反对 怕陷入麻烦； 怕被误解； 你的观点?（至少两点） 要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥； 3）词数：100左右（征文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 参考词汇：美德virtue Should We Help Strangers? Recently our class had a discussion about whether we should help strangers．Different students have different opinions． 答案： Should We Help Strangers? Recently our class had a discussion about whether we should help strangers．Different students have different opinions. Some think we should try to help strangers． Helping others is a virtue，and helping others is helping ourselves．We may come across some trouble and need others' help some day．If everyone isn't willing to help us just because we are strangers to them，it's hard to imagine what our world will be like. However，some are afraid that helping others can sometimes bring us trouble．Sometimes we are just misunderstood and even have to pay the cost of kindness． In my opinion，we should try our best to help others when they are in need of help，but we should also protect ourselves from getting into trouble．If everyone tries a little kindness，our world will be full of love. 网购已不再是一个新鲜的社会现象。但它与实体店购物的比较依然是人们热衷的话题。 随着社会的发展，网上购物成为一种新型的购物方式。请根据下表提示，谈谈网上购物的利与弊。 要求： 1.语句流畅，书写规范。 2. 包含提示内容，并可适当发挥。 3.词数100左右，首句已给出，不计入总词数。 4.文中不能出现人名、地名等真实信息。 Advantages:方便（convenient）；24小时营业；不用排队 Disadvantages:看不见物品；容易受到欺骗（be cheated）；不能享受和朋友一起购物的乐趣 答案： Shopping online is quite popular in our daily life now. It is a new way of shopping. Many things are offered and wait for your choosing. Convenience is the most important advantage. You can buy anything as you like. You don’t have to queue with other shoppers. Meanwhile, it is often open for 24 hours a day. However, there are many disadvantages about shopping online. You can’t actually see the real products. So you may be cheated easily. Also, many people will miss the best opportunity to get along well with their friends and share the joy of shopping. In conclusion, we should make proper use of the internet shopping. 据了解，为了进一步引导中学生积极参加体育锻炼，提高身体素质，襄阳市教育主管部门正在研究制定有关“中考”体育考试的改革方案( the plan)，考虑在原有项目的基础上增加篮球、排球或足球，总分(the score)也由30分增加至50分。作为一名参加过体育“中考”的学生，你对这样的改革持什么样的态度。请根据写作要点提示，用英语写一篇短文表述你的观点。 1．要点提示： (l)观点明确（要么赞成，要么反对）： (2)理由充分（可针对增加考试的项目和调整的分值，也可只选其一。限三条理由）； (3)给出建议（围绕你的观点提出一条合理化建议）。 2．注意事项： (l)字数：100词左右： (2)行文应连贯流畅； (3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In my opinion, I agree with the reform plan of “high school entrance examination” physical education examination. It is reported that most young people are getting unhealthy. Without regular exercise, students are getting weaker and weaker. If the total score of "high school entrance examination" sports is increased, Both teachers and students will undoubtedly attach great importance to physical education, and it’s easy to imagine the phenomenon that PE is always taken away will never be seen. Students will be healthier and more energetic in their study. It is helpful to improve students' comprehensive ability and quality. I think every school should make a plan to cultivate students' interest in sports so as to improve students' physical quality. 【写作思路】 这是一篇给材料作文。襄阳市教育主管部门正在研究制定有关“中考”体育考试的改革方案，考虑在原有项目的基础上增加篮球、排球或足球，总分(the score)也由30分增加至50分。作为一名参加过体育“中考”的学生，你对这样的改革持什么样的态度。要求根据写作要点提示，用英语写一篇短文表述自己的观点。文章时态主要用一般现在时，人称主要用第一、第三人称。在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。 上周某班同学就“音乐美术是否应该纳入中考”展开了相关讨论，同学们各抒己见。假如你是该班同学，请你根据下表的提示内容，结合你自己对此事的看法，用英语给校报写一篇短文。 赞成 1.重视艺术学习，······ 2.促使技能提高，······ 反对 1.考试科目太多，······ 2.投入精力更大，······ 你的观点 ······ 注意： 1.所写短文必须包括表中的提示内容，并作适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称； 3.表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 4.词数不少于90,短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Last week,we held a discussion about whether Music and Art should enter the Entrance Examination for the High School. Students have different opinions. 【答案】 Last week, we held a discussion about whether Music and Art should enter the Entrance Examination for the High School.Students have different opinions. On the one hand,some students are against this idea because they think there are too many subjects to prepare in the exam.① Also,they need to make more efforts in the exams.But on the other hand, the others are in favor of(短语优先原则。）this idea as it can help students pay more attention to studying Music and Art.Moreover(一二三原则，使用了过渡词。），it can help students develop all-round skills like how to appreciate the art.② I think it is reasonable to add Music and Art in the Entrance Examination for the High School as it provides an opportunity for students to show their talents in a different way.(句式多变原则，think后为省略that的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含了as引导的原因状语从句。） 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $