2026年高考全国Ⅰ卷英语模拟卷（四）

2026年高考全国Ⅰ卷英语模拟卷（四） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 1. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 1. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 1. 适用地区：山东、广东、湖南、湖北、河北、福建、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、河南。 1. 难度系数：0.62。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to buy? A. Coffee beans. B. A coffee machine. C. Some coffee. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A plan. B. A movie. C. A vacation. 3. What trouble did the man have? A. He caught a cold. B. He got lost halfway. C. He faced a car problem. 4. What did the man do on stage? A. He sang a jazz song. B. He gave a dance show. C. He performed a trick. 5. What will the woman wear to the party? A. A coat. B. A sweater. C. A dress. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does Gracia want to buy the books initially? A. They're new. B. They're cheap. C. They're interesting. 7. What do the speakers agree to do? A. Replace old books. B. Clean up the kitchen. C. Make a simple shelf. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Helen enjoy doing? A. Going on a driving trip. B. Treating friends with her cooking. C. Ordering takeout on the way home. 9. What does Helen suggest the man do this weekend? A. Go out to dinner with her. B. Bring his friends to her house. C. Prepare some eggs for breakfast. 10. What will the man do first? A. Complete his work. B. Go to a restaurant. C. Call his friends. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Workmates. C. Strangers. 12. How does the woman confirm the ownership of the phone? A. By checking the phone case. B. By trying the password. C. By studying the phone model. 13. Where will the speakers meet? A. At the hotel entrance. B. At the bus stop. C. At the meeting room. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Who is the speaker? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A director. 15. How many self-portraits did Vincent van Gogh draw? A. Less than 15. B. Around 25. C. Over 35. 16. What does the speaker like most about Vincent van Gogh's works? A. Country scenery. B. Bright colors. C. Simple ways of drawing. 17. What does the speaker suggest doing in the end? A. Watching a movie. B. Reading a book. C. Drawing a picture. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Snapchat's main feature? A. Accessing news and sports. B. Sending short-lived messages. C. Posting articles and videos every few seconds. 19. What does the speaker say about the three founders? A. They are wise. B. They failed. C. They lack experience. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. A popular social software. B. Successful businessmen. C. Benefits of network. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To better understand how to support children and young people's motivation to write in school, we asked them what would make them want to write. Their responses offer valuable insight into the conditions and experiences that develop genuine engagement with writing (see Figure 1). The findings indicate that cultivating environments that prioritise freedom of choice, personal and social relevance, and meaningful engagement may be instrumental in enhancing young people's motivation to write in school. Figure 1: Key factors that would stimulate a desire to write in school. Figure 2: A word cloud of students topic preferences for writing. When asked what they would most like to write about in school if they could choose, young writers suggested a wide range of topics. A word cloud visualizes their preferences, where the size of each word corresponds to its frequency in the responses (see Figure 2). Our interviews with students also reveal that they are most motivated when writing allows them to explore both the world around them and the worlds they imagine. Overall, our research highlights that writing in school is most meaningful when it is rooted in connection to self, to others and to the world, and experienced in its power to engage, bring power, inspire thought and shape identity. 21. What is most likely to motivate students to write? A. Rewards. B. Autonomy. C. Interest. D. Experiences. 22. Which of the following would students probably prefer to write about? A. A famous song. B. A fashion trend. C. A past civilization. D. A personal interview. 23. Who is the passage most probably intended for? A. Policy makers. B. Young writers. C. Lab researchers. D. School educators. B Marilynn Moe, 80, is a resident of the Homestead, a senior-living and care community in Rochester, Minnesota, managed by Mark. Mark fell for Marilyn's charm in 2012, the day he came to interview for the job. He was standing in the hallway, hoping he didn't look as nervous as he felt, when a stylishly dressed woman walked right up to him. "Good morning," she said. "I'm Marilyn. I hope everything works out for you." She gave him such a warm smile that he couldn't help but smile back, nerves forgotten. He got the job, and it didn't take long for him to realize what a treasure Marilyn was. She'd arrived herself only two years before, moving from Fargo. It was a huge change. She loved teaching, seeing her students' skills and confidence grow. Would she find something as fulfilling at the Homestead? "I could have just sat in my apartment" she says, "but I wasn't going to do that." Marilynn noticed that most people kept to themselves and didn't know much about their neighbors, so she started a monthly newcomers' get-together. One by one they'd go around the circle and share a fun fact about themselves as an icebreaker. She went to the monthly women's breakfast. To her disappointment, only three or four others showed up. She took over, each month lining up one of the residents to give a talk about a special interest, trips they'd taken, former careers, even more weighty topics. She personally invited women to attend. It wasn't long before the room was packed. She gave out birthday cards, using the Homestead's monthly newsletter to get the dates. She played the piano for church services and special occasions. Marilynn didn't notice anything different about the Homestead, but others did. "These changes you're making, they're great," the residents would tell Mark. "Keep it up." Mark knew he wasn't the one who deserved the credit. Marilyn wasn't trying to become a noticeable figure. She cared deeply about the people around her, doing so naturally and without intending to seek recognition. 24. How did Mark feel after meeting Marilyn in the hallway? A. Amused. B. Worried. C. Astonished. D. Relieved. 25. What does the underlined word “fulfilling” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Spiritually satisfying. B. Truly comforting. C. Highly rewarding. D. Quite challenging. 26. Why did Marilyn take over organizing the women's breakfast? A. To improve its quality. B. To promote healthy eating. C. To make it more engaging. D. To show her personal power. 27. What can be inferred about Marilyn's contributions to the community? A. They go unrecognised by Mark. B. They come from her caring nature. C. They are used to gain her influence. D. They are far from Mark's expectation. C The ability to connect an event with its consequences — experts use the term associative learning — is a crucial skill for adapting to the environment. Recent findings show that adults fail to demonstrate the highest learning performance in this area. This paves the way for a fresh perspective on associative learning disorders, which are linked to the development of mental illness later in life. Researchers from Ruhr University Bochum conducted groundbreaking experiments across four age groups: babies (0-3), primary school children (6-12), teenagers (13-19), and adults. Participants were required to identify patterns between visual pictures and corresponding rewards through computer-based tasks. Several learning sessions were then integrated to assess performance stability. The research team was amazed by the results: "We'd initially assumed that associative learning improves continuously with increasing age," says Dr. Carolin Konrad. "However, there was a clear peak in performance at primary school: Children at this age achieved the best results, learned most consistently and showed the least variability in their learning behavior." Although adults and teenagers learned faster than babies, they didn't reach the performance level of primary school children. It also emerged that repeated exposure to the learned material plays a crucial role for babies and teenagers since an additional learning session led to an improvement in learning performance in these age groups. Teenagers improved 40% after additional practice sessions, whereas adults showed minimal progress. This finding highlights the “sensitive period” phenomenon — the brain's higher plasticity during childhood that allows more efficient knowledge strength. The study shows that associative learning is present across the lifespan but that the rates and quantities of learning vary. "This mental capacity not only helps us avoid dangers but also influences emotional regulation patterns," concludes Konrad. "Early identification of association of associative learning difficulties could serve as an indicator for future mental health risks." 28. Which is an example of associative learning? A. A baby grasps an object placed in its hand. B. A student works harder after getting good grades. C. A driver keeps speeding up when receiving a ticket. D. A cook follows his recipe despite customer complaints. 29. What were the participants required to do in the experiments? A. Identify the relationship between different groups. B. Watch and record their own performance over time. C. Assess their learning progress during the sessions. D. Pair pictures with rewards through computer-based tasks. 30. What surprised the researchers about associative learning? A. Adults possessed greater adaptability. B. Primary schoolers outperformed others. C. Teenagers peaked in learning performance. D. Babies required frequent exposure to knowledge. 31. Why is the “sensitive period” phenomenon mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To show learning ability differences across all ages. B. To advise adults to learn efficiently in a gradual way. C. To stress the significance of learning during childhood. D. To demonstrate the brain's ability to adapt in adulthood. D Our solar system is peppered with large rocks, called asteroids. If a big asteroid strikes Earth, there are many possible outcomes. The space rock could drop into the ocean and not harm anyone. Or it could wipe out a city. People have a hard time understanding the chances of an asteroid strike. So a research team calculated the likelihood and compared it with other events — with some surprising results. "A large or medium asteroid hitting Earth would be noticed worldwide," says Carrie Nugent, a planetary scientist at Olin College. While killer asteroids have hit before, such as the one that finished off the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, Nugent says a similar situation is not expected to occur in the future. "We try to put this event, which is actually a preventable event, in context with other preventable events," she adds. Using a computer program, Nugent and her team modeled a group of asteroids similar to real near-Earth objects (NEOs). They fed them into a program called JPL Horizons. Anyone can use that program to look up predicted locations for objects in the solar system. For this project, her team determined whether each modeled asteroid would cross paths with Earth. That allowed the team to estimate the frequency of asteroids bigger than 140 meters across, which is around the size of a large ship, Nugent says. An asteroid of this size would hit Earth roughly every 11,000 years. However, that number is still hard to understand. So Nugent compared the chances of an asteroid hitting Earth with other events that people may experience as follows. One-In-X Chance Event Happens to an Individual, or the Planet, Over a Human Lifetime Books and movies often describe asteroid run-ins as unstoppable events. "The truth is actually entirely the opposite," she says. NASA's DART Mission in 2022 hit an asteroid that wasn't in danger of hitting Earth. The test changed the asteroid's path. This showed that people might be able to avoid such a crash one day. So, it's important to do research, such as sky surveys, that locate these objects. 32. According to paragraph 2, what does Nugent think of asteroids striking Earth? A. It's hard to predict it. B. It's urgent to prevent it. C. There's no need to worry about it. D. There'll be disastrous outcomes. 33. What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Computer modeling. B. Frequency estimate. C. System operation. D. Project assessment. 34. Which of the following events is least likely to happen? A. Coyote attack. B. Elephant attack. C.Carbon monoxide poisoning. D. Asteroid impact. 35. What is the author's purpose in writing the last paragraph? A. To introduce various asteroid research methods. B. To applaud NASA's asteroid research findings. C. To draw media attention to asteroid research. D. To stress the importance of asteroid research. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 All my life I've been bad at sports. Last year, I unwillingly joined a football game among friends. 　36　 Instead of running down the clock on the sidelines, I got swept up in the game, rooting for my team to score. Now, our football game is on every Sunday. I remain the worst on the team, but I keep turning up. I love the exciting sense of challenging myself, with zero expectation of ever being actually skillful. 　37　 "Amateurish" hasn't always been negative, explains author and activist Karen Walrond. "It comes from the Latin, meaning 'one who loves'." Her new book In Defense of Dabbling makes the case for "intentional amateurism": finding an activity we're drawn to but not necessarily naturally good at, and sticking with it anyway. 　38　 They include mindfulness, curiosity, self-acceptance, play, challenge, connection, and awe. Focusing on these helps us "let go of perfectionism" and appreciate the experience. Walrond herself has tried many new activities: swimming, calligraphy, surfing, night photography, and so on. What stuck was pottery. 　39　 At the wheel, she gets to "shut out the world" and enjoy the fun of free-spirited creation. Being part of an ancient tradition inspires awe, while the community at her studio offers opportunities for connection. In her book, Walrond includes an entire "menu" of activities she still intends to try, inspiring me to steal some for myself. Simply making the attempt enlarges our lives, by encouraging curiosity and taking us beyond our comfort zone. This weekend, in fact, we're playing our first proper match against another team. 　40　 It's great to challenge yourself — but part of embracing intentional amateurism, I've decided, is also knowing your limits. A. It's easy for amateurs to pick up. B. To my great surprise, I enjoyed myself. C. I'm sitting it out, to cheer from the sidelines. D. How can we be more skillful at our hobbies? E. Why does it feel so good to be bad at something? F. It meets many of the intentional amateurism criteria. G. Walrond defines intentional amateurism by seven criteria. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Joel Boyers is an experienced pilot in an air service company. One day he and his wife Melody received an emergency call from a stranger. The caller 　41　 begged Boyers to rescue her daughter, Lily, who was trapped on a roof near a 　42　 station, surrounded by rising flood. She was only nine with a red sweater. Seeing the storm clouds, Boyers hesitated. But Boyers knew he would go and help, for he had a daughter himself. Boyers 　43　 the desperate mother. "I will try my best." He put the girl's 　44　 into his phone, and headed for the destination. Upon emerging over the hilltop, they saw nothing but 　45　 water below. What's worse, the phone service was 　46　, making Boyers unable to locate the house precisely. He flew on anyway. Outside the rain beat the windscreen as he flew, making everything 　47　. For painful twenty minutes, he 　48　 the flooded town. Suddenly, on the roof near a half-flooded gas station, a girl in red came into his 　49　. It must be Lily. Flying as close as possible to Lily, he 　50　 the helicopter above the roof and swung down the rescue rope 　51　, which Lily desperately grabbed with frozen hands. Just as she 　52　 herself to the ladder, Melody lowered herself to help Lily up inside the helicopter. Once Lily was out of danger, the couple let out a sigh of 　53　. Inside, Lily hugged the couple tightly, tears of gratitude rolling down her face. Finally Lily was 　54　 delivered to her mother. At the sight of her daughter, the mother 　55　 and tightly embraced her. "Thank you, you are heroes!" the mother exclaimed to the couple. 41. A. suddenly B. regrettably C. helplessly D. patiently 42. A. power B. bus C. gas D. radio 43. A. comforted B. defended C. controlled D. directed 44. A. knowledge B. address C. appearance D. resume 45. A. shallow B. still C. dirty D. angry 46. A. selected B. locked C. disabled D. hidden 47. A. unclear B. unhurt C. unfamiliar D. unreal 48. A. investigated B. circled C. wired D. followed 49. A. play B. life C. possession D. sight 50. A. changed B. adapted C. steadied D. regulated 51. A. shelf B. platform C. tower D. ladder 52. A. addicted B. hooked C. reduced D. straightened 53. A. fright B. relief C. energy D. annoyance 54. A. safely B. consequently C. naturally D. perfectly 55. A. backed down B. hung on C. stepped in D. rushed forward 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, China's new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has experienced a sharp rise in growth, 　56　 (position) itself as a leader in the global industry. With 　57　 sales share of 40.9%, China has topped the global rankings for ten straight years. This achievement is 　58　 (large) due to continuous technological innovation. Chinese companies have made significant progress in battery technology, motor 　59　 (efficient), and vehicle intelligence. Additionally, great breakthroughs 　60　 (achieve) in autonomous driving technology and smart vehicle systems over the years. Government policies have played a crucial role in this rise. The Chinese government has had NEV adoption 　61　 (promote) through funded programs, sales promotion and the development of charging infrastructure. The national 　62　 (goal) of “carbon peak” and “carbon neutrality” have further accelerated the adoption of electric vehicles. Drawing on large-scale production and cost control capabilities, Chinese manufacturers can offer high-quality NEVs 　63　 relatively low prices, which has enhanced their global competitiveness. In 2025, BYD, led by a team including industry veteran Alfredo Altavilla, 　64　 (overtake) Tesla to become the world's largest electric vehicle seller, signaling a major shift in the global automotive landscape. 　65　 there are challenges such as trade barriers in the US and EU markets, Chinese NEV brands are actively exploring overseas markets and enhancing their global presence through technology export and international collaboration. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，校英文报就食堂在午餐时段播放的电视节目征集意见。请你给编辑写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）推荐节目类型； （2）说明你的理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, I really appreciate the practice of playing TV programs at lunch break in the canteen. Best regards, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Johnny, a 17-year-old from Whitehorse, had been competing in Cross-Country Skiing for five years. For many young athletes like him in Whitehorse, Yukon, the Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships were more than just a competition. It was their dream. A year ago, Johnny qualified for the Championships and successfully won a medal. After the competition, Johnny was eager to share his experience with Hayden, his teammate and best friend. Hayden had narrowly missed qualifying for the Championships. Johnny had watched his friend train tirelessly, push himself to the limit, and always keep his big smile. Johnny knew how much the Championships meant to Hayden. Johnny handed Hayden some colorful pins. "These are pins I traded with athletes from all over Yukon," Johnny said with a smile, "I want you to have them, so you can feel a part of the event too." Hayden was touched, "Thanks, Johnny. This means a lot." "Next time," Johnny continued, "I hope you can also experience the event. I know you'll make it." Hayden nodded, "I'll work even harder for that." This year's Yukon Cross-Country Ski Championships would be held in a month. Coach Nick guided the team through daily tough training and the team made significant progress in their skating, cornering, and downhill techniques. Meanwhile, they enhanced their endurance and balance. Both Johnny and Hayden met the Championships standards. Given Johnny's rich competitive experience, Coach Nick once again qualified Johnny for this year's event and Hayden was selected as an alternate. The qualification for the competition excited Johnny, but there was always an idea staying in his mind. Johnny knew his friend had been wanting to go to the Championships for several years. This was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships, as they would age out of the competition after this year. The thought became clear in his mind, strong and steady. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 1. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, Johnny went to see the coach. Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships. 答案解析 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B A C C B B C B B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C A A A C B A B A A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B C D D A C B B D B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 C C A D D B E G F C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 C C A B D C A B D C 题号 51 52 53 54 55 答案 D B B A D 题号 56 57 58 59 60 答案 positioning a largely efficiency have been achieved 题号 61 62 63 64 65 答案 promoted goals at overtook Although 第一部分 听力 1. B 原文中女士问“Would you like some coffee beans?”，男士回答“No, I'm looking for a coffee machine.” 正确选项B是对“looking for a coffee machine”的直接转述。A项利用对话中的coffee beans进行原词干扰，但男士明确拒绝；C项coffee未作为购买目标出现。语音提示：注意男士的“No”之后紧跟答案信息，否定词是重要信号。 2. A 原文中男士说“Let's make a plan for the weekend”，女士回应“Good idea. We can go to the beach.” 对话核心是“plan”，后续活动是对计划的具体化。B项movie和C项vacation均未提及，属于无关选项。 3. C 原文中男士说“My car broke down on the way”，女士回应“That's too bad.” 正确选项C（faced a car problem）是对“car broke down”的同义转述。A项cold和B项lost均未出现。 4. C 原文中女士问“What did you do on stage?”，男士回答“I performed a magic trick.” 正确选项C是原文直接复现。A项jazz song和B项dance show在对话中未涉及。 5. B 原文中男士问“Are you wearing a dress to the party?”，女士回答“No, I think I'll wear my new sweater.” 正确选项B是对“wear my new sweater”的直接提取。A项coat未提及，C项dress被女士否定。 6. B 原文中Gracia说“I want to buy these books because they're so cheap.” 正确选项B是原文“cheap”的直接复现。A项new和C项interesting未作为理由出现。语音提示：注意because引导的原因状语从句，答案通常在此处。 7. C 原文中男士说“We can make a simple shelf for them.” Gracia回应“That's a great idea.” 正确选项C是对“make a simple shelf”的直接转述。A项replace books和B项clean kitchen均未达成一致。 8. B 原文中Helen说“I really like cooking. I often invite my friends over and cook for them.” 正确选项B（Treating friends with her cooking）是对此句的概括。A项driving trip和C项takeout均与Helen的喜好无关。 9. B 原文中Helen对男士说“Why don't you bring your friends over to my house this weekend?” 正确选项B是对“bring your friends over to my house”的同义转述。A项go out to dinner与原文相反（Helen从不点外卖）。C项eggs是男士自己在家吃的东西，非建议内容。 10. A 原文结尾男士说“I have to finish my work first.” 正确选项A（Complete his work）是对“finish my work”的直接转述。B项restaurant和C项friends均在完成工作之后。 11. C 对话开头女士说“Hello, who is that?”，男士自报姓名并说明手机可能是他母亲的，双方此前并不认识。正确选项C（Strangers）符合情境。A项Relatives、B项Workmates均无依据。 12. A 男士描述手机特征“The phone case is pink, with a white cat on it”，女士确认“Yes, that matches!” 正确选项A（By checking the phone case）是对此过程的概括。B项password女士明说不知道；C项model未提及。 13. A 女士说“Could we meet at the entrance?”，男士同意。正确选项A（At the hotel entrance）是原文直接复现。B项bus stop是捡到手机的地点，C项meeting room是女士要去的地方，均非会面地点。 14. A 独白开头说话者介绍自己正在做一个关于梵高的课堂展示，语气和内容表明其为学生。正确选项A（A student）符合身份。B项teacher和C项director均无依据。 15. C 原文说“He painted over 35 self-portraits.” 正确选项C（Over 35）是原文直接复现。A项less than 15和B项around 25均与原文数字不符。语音提示：注意数字信息，听到“over”时迅速记录后续数字。 16. B 原文说“What I like most about his works is the bright colors.” 正确选项B是“bright colors”的直接提取。A项country scenery是梵高画过的题材，但非说话者最喜欢的；C项simple ways未提及。 17. A 原文结尾说“If you want to learn more about him, I recommend watching the movie Loving Vincent.” 正确选项A（Watching a movie）是对“watching the movie”的直接转述。B项book和C项picture未作为最终建议。 18. B 原文说“Snapchat's main feature is that messages disappear after being viewed.” 正确选项B（Sending short-lived messages）是对“messages disappear”的同义转述。A项news and sports和C项posting articles均非Snapchat的核心特征。 19. A 原文说“The three founders were wise enough to reject Facebook's $3 billion offer.” 正确选项A（They are wise）是对“wise enough”的直接提取。B项failed和C项lack experience与原文创业成功的语境完全相反。 20. A 独白开篇引入Snapchat，随后介绍其创始故事、核心功能和商业成功。正确选项A（A popular social software）准确概括全篇主旨。B项businessmen和C项benefits均为细节，非主线。 第二部分 阅读 21. B 题干问最能激励学生写作的因素，定位到第一段中研究结论：优先考虑“freedom of choice”能增强写作动机。选项B的“Autonomy”（自主性）是对“freedom of choice”的准确同义替换。A项Rewards原文未强调为关键因素；C项Interest虽然相关，但研究结论明确指向“自主选择”这一核心；D项Experiences过于宽泛，不如B精准。 干扰项拆解：A项利用学生一般心理（奖励能激励）设置陷阱，但研究结论明确指出自主性优先。C项和D项均为与写作动机相关的正面词汇，但未出现在核心结论中。 解题锦囊：应用文阅读理解中，研究结论通常出现在文章前半部分的总结性语句中。找到“findings indicate that”这类标志词，答案往往紧随其后。 22. C 题干问学生喜欢写什么话题，定位到文章后段的词云描述及“explore both the world around them and the worlds they imagine”。原文强调学生喜欢探索“想象的世界”和“周围的世界”，图2中“history”“ancient”等词高频出现。选项C的“A past civilization”（过往文明）对应探索想象世界和历史类话题，与词云和文本描述一致。A项famous song属于当代流行文化，在词云中不突出；B项fashion trend同样如此；D项personal interview虽然可能涉及“周围的世界”，但不如C能同时覆盖“想象的世界”这一核心偏好。 干扰项拆解：A、B两项利用学生的普遍兴趣设干扰，但原文词云更突出历史、科幻等想象性题材。D项过于具体且无词云支撑。 23. D 题干问文章的目标读者，需从全文内容和措辞判断。文章研究如何在学校培养写作动机，反复出现“in school”“educators”“classroom”等语境词。选项D的“School educators”与文章应用场景完全匹配。A项Policy makers范围过宽；B项Young writers文章是对他们进行研究，而非写给他们；C项Lab researchers文章无实验室背景。 解题锦囊：判断应用文目标读者，看文末的呼吁对象或文中反复出现的主体。本文多次强调“in school”，说明面向教育工作者。 24. D 题干问Mark在走廊遇见Marilyn后的感受，定位到第二段结尾。原文说“nerves forgotten”——紧张被遗忘了。选项D“Relieved”（如释重负）准确描述从紧张到放松的情绪转变。A项Amused（被逗乐）原文无此情绪；B项Worried正是Marilyn帮他消除的状态；C项Astonished（惊讶）程度过重，Marilyn的行为只是温暖友好，未到令人震惊的地步。 干扰项拆解：A项利用“smile”一词联想到amused，但原文的smile是温暖回应，非被逗乐。B项与原文情绪变化方向相反。C项缺乏文本依据。 25. A 题干要求推测“fulfilling”的词义，定位到第三段末句。前文说Marilyn曾热爱教学，看到学生成长，搬家后她问自己能否在Homestead找到“同样fulfilling的事”。由此推断，fulfilling描述的是教学给她带来的精神满足感。选项A“Spiritually satisfying”（精神上令人满足）准确。B项“comforting”侧重安慰，未体现成就感；C项“rewarding”虽近义，但原文强调的是内心的充实，而非外部回报；D项“challenging”语义偏离。 干扰项拆解：C项有干扰性，但原文语境是Marilyn怀念教学带来的内在满足感，“spiritually”更贴切。B、D均与上下文的情感基调不符。 26. C 题干问Marilyn接管妇女早餐会的原因，定位到第五段。原文说她去参加时“only three or four others showed up”，她接手后安排居民演讲、亲自邀请，结果“the room was packed”。这说明她旨在让活动更有吸引力。选项C“To make it more engaging”准确概括这一目的。A项improve quality并非出发点，质量提升是结果；B项healthy eating原文未涉及；D项show personal power与她低调行事的性格矛盾。 干扰项拆解：A项将结果当原因，逻辑倒置。D项与文章结尾“wasn't trying to become a noticeable figure”直接冲突。 27. B 题干问Marilyn对社区的贡献反映了什么，定位到末段。原文说“She cared deeply about the people around her, doing so naturally and without intending to seek recognition.” 这说明她的贡献源自本性中的关怀。选项B“They come from her caring nature”是对此句的准确转述。A项与Mark多次表示“she deserved the credit”相悖；C项与她“without intending to seek recognition”直接矛盾；D项Mark对她的贡献高度认可，未表现意外。 干扰项拆解：A、C均与末段的明确表述相悖。D项无文本依据。 28. B 题干要求识别联想学习的例子，需理解第一段的定义：“将事件与其结果联系起来”。选项B中“取得好成绩”是事件，“更努力学习”是其结果，两者形成因果关联，符合联想学习定义。A项是本能抓握反射，无学习过程；C项司机收到罚单后仍加速，未将事件与结果建立正确联系；D项厨师无视投诉坚持原方，恰是拒绝建立关联的表现。 干扰项拆解：C项有“事件-结果”的要素（加速-罚单），但司机未据此调整行为，故不属于成功的学习。联想学习强调的是行为因结果而改变。 29. D 题干问实验参与者的任务，定位到第二段。原文明确说“identify patterns between visual pictures and corresponding rewards through computer-based tasks”。选项D“Pair pictures with rewards”是对此的同义转述。A项“不同组之间的关系”将原文的pictures-rewards偷换为groups；B项“记录自己表现”原文未要求；C项“评估学习进度”是研究者的工作，非参与者任务。 干扰项拆解：A项利用“identify patterns”进行概念偷换，原文pattern是图片与奖励之间，而非不同组之间。B、C均为主观臆造的任务。 30. B 题干问研究者的意外发现，定位到第三段。原文说他们假设联想学习随年龄持续提升，但“there was a clear peak in performance at primary school”，小学生表现最佳。选项B“Primary schoolers outperformed others”准确概括这一意外结论。A项与原文“adults didn't reach the performance level of primary school children”相反；C项teenagers peaked与原文“peak at primary school”矛盾；D项babies需要重复暴露虽在第四段提及，但不是令研究者惊讶的核心发现。 干扰项拆解：A、C均与原文数据方向相反。D项虽是研究结论之一，但题干问的是“surprised”的核心内容——即峰值出现在小学而非成年。 31. C 题干问第四段提及“敏感期”现象的目的。该段先说明重复学习对婴幼儿和青少年帮助更大（青少年提升40%），然后引出“敏感期”概念——“儿童期大脑可塑性更高，能更高效巩固知识”。这旨在强调儿童阶段学习的独特价值。选项C“To stress the significance of learning during childhood”准确。A项“展示差异”是手段而非目的；B项“建议成人渐进学习”未在原文体现；D项“展示成人大脑适应能力”与段落重点相反（段落强调儿童优势）。 干扰项拆解：A项只描述了现象层面，未触及作者引用此概念的深层意图。B、D均偏离段落中心。 32. C 题干问Nugent对小行星撞击地球的看法，定位到第二段。她说类似导致恐龙灭绝的撞击“is not expected to occur in the future”，并强调这是“a preventable event”。整体语气是让人不必过度担忧。选项C“There's no need to worry about it”准确反映其态度。A项与后文模型预测能力矛盾；B项“urgent”过度，原文未强调紧迫性；D项虽描述可能的后果，但非Nugent的核心观点——她认为概率极低且可预防。 干扰项拆解：A项利用“很难理解概率”设干扰，但那是公众的困惑，非Nugent的观点。D项是背景信息，非她的评估结论。 33. A 题干问第四段“That”的指代对象。第三段末说团队用模型模拟小行星并判断它们是否会与地球相交；第四段首句“That allowed the team to estimate the frequency...”中That指代前文整个建模和模拟过程。选项A“Computer modeling”最准确。B项frequency estimate是That带来的结果，非That本身；C、D均不是第三段描述的核心动作。 干扰项拆解：B项因果倒置。阅读中指代题需向前找最近的核心动作或事件，此处为建模过程。 34. D 题干问概率最低的事件，需结合文章数据和图表判断。第四段说直径超140米的小行星约每11,000年撞击一次，即个体终其一生遭遇的概率约1/11,000，远低于图表中其他事件（如被郊狼攻击1/15,000——此处需注意图表数据：1/X中X越大概率越低。若图表显示小行星撞击对应的X值最大，则其概率最低）。选项D“Asteroid impact”对应的X值最大，概率最低。A、B、C在图表中对应的X值均小于小行星撞击。 干扰项拆解：此题需仔细比对图表中各事件的“One-In-X Chance”数值。X越大表示事件越罕见。 35. D 题干问末段的写作目的。末段先指出影视作品将小行星撞击描绘为不可阻挡，然后以NASA的DART任务为例说明“实际上完全相反”——人类有能力改变小行星轨道。最后呼吁“it's important to do research, such as sky surveys”。可见作者意在强调研究的重要性。选项D“To stress the importance of asteroid research”准确。A项列举研究方法只是细节支撑；B项“applaud NASA”是手段，目的仍是突出研究价值；C项“draw media attention”偏离作者意图——文章面向大众科普，非呼吁媒体报道。 干扰项拆解：A、B都是段落中的具体内容，但非段落的核心论证目的。C项无依据。 36-40: B E G F C 36. B 空前说作者不情愿地参加了朋友间的足球赛，空后说他没有在边线耗时间，而是投入比赛为队伍加油。中间需要一个情绪转折：从不情愿到享受。选项B“To my great surprise, I enjoyed myself”完美承接这一转变，且“enjoyed myself”与后文“got swept up in the game”语义一致。词汇复现：后文的“rooting for my team”是“enjoyed”的具体表现。 37. E 空前说作者每周都参加比赛，享受挑战自己但毫无成为高手的期待。这是一个矛盾而有趣的体验——明明很差却乐在其中。选项E“Why does it feel so good to be bad at something?”以问句形式提炼出这一核心困惑，引出下文对“intentional amateurism”的探讨。逻辑连接：问句启下，后文Karen Walrond的理论正是对这个问题的回答。 38. G 空后出现代词“They”并列举了七个标准（mindfulness, curiosity, self-acceptance, play, challenge, connection, awe）。这要求选项中必须出现可被“They”指代的复数名词。选项G中的“seven criteria”正好满足这一指代条件——先提出“七个标准”，再用“They include”逐一展开。词汇复现：“seven criteria”与后文列举的七项一一对应。 39. F 空前说Walrond尝试了许多活动，最终坚持下来的是陶艺。空后描述陶艺如何让她“shut out the world”、享受创作自由、感受古老传统等。选项F“It meets many of the intentional amateurism criteria”中的It指代pottery，说明陶艺之所以能“stick”，是因为它符合了前述的多个标准。后文的“inspires awe”“offers connection”等正是对“meets the criteria”的具体化。语义场关联：“awe”“connection”与前文列举的标准直接呼应。 40. C 空前说本周末要打第一场正式比赛，空后说挑战自己是好事，但也要知道自己的极限。这暗示作者决定不参加这场比赛。选项C“I'm sitting it out, to cheer from the sidelines”中“sitting it out”意为“不参加”，与后文“knowing your limits”形成因果逻辑——因为知道极限，所以选择旁观加油。词汇复现：“sidelines”与第一段“on the sidelines”首尾呼应，形成结构闭环。 排除提示：A项虽提到amateurs，但与前后文无衔接信号。D项的问句方向与段落主旨（接受业余而非追求技巧）不一致。 第三部分 语言运用 41-45: C C A B D 46-50: C A D C C 51-55: D B B A D 本文讲述飞行员Joel Boyers和妻子Melody接到求救电话后，冒着恶劣天气驾机救援被困洪水中九岁女孩Lily的故事，展现了见义勇为的精神。 41. C 本空所在句描述求救者打电话的状态。女儿被困洪水，母亲打电话求救，其情绪必然是“无助的”。选项C“helplessly”（无助地）准确刻画母亲此刻的心境。A项suddenly只描述动作突然性，不体现情绪；B项regrettably（遗憾地）语义偏轻；D项patiently与紧急求救的语境不符。 42. C 根据后文“near a half-flooded gas station”可确定，女孩被困在加油站附近的屋顶。选项C“gas”与后文直接呼应，是原词复现。A项power station（发电站）、B项bus station（汽车站）、D项radio station（广播电台）均无文本依据。 43. A 母亲绝望求救，Boyers承诺尽力而为。此时他对母亲说的话是在“安慰”她。选项A“comforted”准确描述这一行为。B项defended（辩护）、C项controlled（控制）、D项directed（指导）均不符合语境。 44. B 要去救援必须知道目的地。Boyers将女孩的“地址”输入手机。选项B“address”符合逻辑。A项knowledge（知识）、C项appearance（外貌）、D项resume（简历）均与寻找位置无关。 45. D 前文说洪水持续上涨，从山顶望去下方只有汹涌的水流。选项D“angry”用拟人手法描绘水势汹涌，符合洪水肆虐的语境。A项shallow（浅的）与“rising flood”矛盾；B项still（静止的）与洪水动态不符；C项dirty虽可能属实，但非描写重点。 46. C 后文说Boyers无法精确定位房屋，原因是手机信号“中断/失效”。选项C“disabled”（失效的）准确。A项selected（被选中的）、B项locked（被锁的）、D项hidden（隐藏的）均不描述信号状态。上下文线索：“making Boyers unable to locate”直接表明信号不可用。 47. A 暴雨敲打挡风玻璃，视线必然“模糊不清”。选项A“unclear”准确描述能见度差的状态。B项unhurt（未受伤的）、C项unfamiliar（不熟悉的）、D项unreal（不真实的）均与视线无关。 48. B 无法精确定位，飞行员只能在洪灾区域上空“盘旋”搜寻。选项B“circled”准确描述直升机搜寻的动作。A项investigated（调查）过于正式；C项wired（给……布线）语义不通；D项followed（跟随）无跟随对象。 49. D 突然，穿红衣服的女孩进入他的“视线”。选项D“sight”构成固定短语came into his sight（映入眼帘）。A项play（戏剧）、B项life（生活）、C项possession（拥有）均不构成类似短语。 50. C 飞近女孩后，他需要让直升机在屋顶上方“保持稳定”。选项C“steadied”意为“使稳定”，符合悬停救援的场景。A项changed（改变）、B项adapted（适应）、D项regulated（调节）均不如steadied贴切。 51. D 放下的是救援用的“梯子”。选项D“ladder”与后文“ladder”原词复现。A项shelf（架子）、B项platform（平台）、C项tower（塔）均非直升机救援常用装备。 52. B 女孩用冻僵的手抓住梯子，把自己“钩/挂”在上面。选项B“hooked”意为“钩住”，与“grabbed”形成近义复现，描述女孩攀附梯子的动作。A项addicted（上瘾）、C项reduced（减少）、D项straightened（伸直）均语义不通。上下文线索：前文“grabbed”已暗示抓握动作，hooked是其同义替换。 53. B 女孩成功获救，夫妻俩“松了一口气”。选项B“relief”构成短语a sigh of relief（如释重负）。A项fright（惊恐）、C项energy（精力）、D项annoyance（恼怒）均与成功救援后的情绪矛盾。 54. A 女孩被“安全地”送到母亲身边。选项A“safely”与全文救援成功的基调一致。B项consequently（因此）、C项naturally（自然地）、D项perfectly（完美地）均不如safely能体现救援的核心目标。 55. D 见到女儿，母亲“冲上前去”紧紧拥抱她。选项D“rushed forward”准确描绘母亲激动奔向女儿的画面。A项backed down（退缩）、B项hung on（坚持）、C项stepped in（介入）均不符合重逢的喜悦场景。情感色彩：后文“tightly embraced her”表明动作是向前靠近，而非后退或旁观。 56. positioning 空前为逗号，空后为反身代词itself，此处需要非谓语动词作伴随状语。逻辑主语China's NEV industry与position之间为主动关系（行业使自己成为领导者），故用现在分词positioning。决策路径：识别逗号分隔的状语结构→判断主被动→现在分词。 57. a 空后为可数名词单数share，且sales以辅音音素开头，此处表示“一个40.9%的份额”，需用不定冠词a。决策路径：识别单数可数名词→判断泛指→根据发音选a/an。 58. largely 空后为形容词短语due to，需要副词修饰整个表语结构。large的副词形式为largely，意为“在很大程度上”。词性转换：形容词→副词。 59. efficiency 空前为名词motor，此处需要名词与之并列（battery technology, motor __, and vehicle intelligence）。efficient的名词形式为efficiency，意为“效率”。词性转换：形容词→名词。 60. have been achieved 空处为句子谓语，主语breakthroughs为复数，与achieve之间为被动关系（突破被取得）。时间状语over the years提示用现在完成时。故填have been achieved。决策路径：找主语和时间状语→判断语态和时态→完成时被动语态。必考点：谓语动词时态语态。 61. promoted 空处为“have + 宾语 + 宾补”结构中的宾语补足语。NEV adoption与promote之间为被动关系（普及被推动），故用过去分词promoted。决策路径：识别have sth. done结构→判断宾补与宾语的逻辑关系→过去分词。必考点：非谓语动词。 62. goals 空前为The national，空后为of “carbon peak” and “carbon neutrality”，提示有两个目标，需用复数形式goals。决策路径：识别并列的名词短语→判断数量→变复数。 63. at 空后为prices，表示“以……价格”，固定搭配用介词at。决策路径：识别价格相关表达→回忆固定搭配→at...prices。 64. overtook 空处为句子谓语，主语BYD为单数，时间状语In 2025表示过去，故用一般过去时overtook。决策路径：找时间状语→判断时态→过去式。必考点：谓语动词时态。 65. Although/Though/While 空前为逗号（上一句结束），空后为完整从句“there are challenges...”，主句为“Chinese NEV brands are actively exploring...”。前后为让步转折关系——尽管有挑战，仍在积极开拓。故用Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。决策路径：分析主从句逻辑关系→让步关系→选择相应连词。 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 参考范文 Dear Editor, I really appreciate the practice of playing TV programs at lunch break in the canteen. In my opinion, news programs would be a good choice. The reasons for my recommendation are as follows. To start with, news programs, covering multiple fields such as politics, technology, economy and culture, help us move beyond textbooks, expand horizons and stay informed about current affairs. Additionally, we can develop a sense of social responsibility and civic engagement, laying the foundation to become contributing members of society. Therefore, I believe news programs provide both a relaxing and enlightening atmosphere at lunchtime. Hopefully, we can enjoy them in the canteen soon! Best regards, Li Hua 得分点拆解 · 开篇感谢+表明立场 → 第一句表达感谢，第二句推荐新闻节目，完成内容要点（1）“推荐节目类型” · 理由阐述 → 第二段用“To start with”和“Additionally”分层陈述理由：拓宽视野+培养社会责任感。满足要点（2）“说明理由” · 结尾呼应 → 末段重申推荐并表达期待，结构完整 提分技巧 · 理由部分将抽象的好处具体化：“cover multiple fields”“move beyond textbooks”“stay informed about current affairs”使内容充实 · 使用逻辑连接词（To start with, Additionally, Therefore）增强条理性 · 词数控制在90词左右，符合80词要求 第二节 读后续写 参考范文 The next day, Johnny went to see the coach. He told the coach that he wanted to give his qualification to Hayden. Johnny explained that this was the last chance for both of them to attend the Championships, and Hayden had been longing for it for years. He believed Hayden deserved this opportunity as he had trained so hard. The coach was moved by Johnny's selfless act. After considering Johnny's request carefully, the coach agreed to let Hayden take Johnny's place. Hayden accepted the precious chance to compete in the Championships. He was extremely grateful to Johnny. He knew this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and he didn't want to let Johnny down. In the following days, Hayden trained even harder. When the Championships finally arrived, he gave it his all. Although the competition was tough, Hayden's determination and hard work paid off. He performed well and achieved a great result, making both Johnny and himself proud. 协同要点分析 · 伏笔呼应：原文多处暗示Johnny对Hayden的深厚情谊——“watched his friend train tirelessly”“knew how much the Championships meant to Hayden”“handed Hayden some colorful pins”。续写中Johnny主动让出名额，完美回收这些伏笔，将友谊主题推向高潮。 · 情感曲线：原文结尾情绪为“the thought became clear”——Johnny内心已有决断。续写第一段将此决断付诸行动，情绪从坚定到教练被感动；第二段Hayden的情感从感激到努力再到最终的成功，完成从“被给予机会”到“不辜负信任”的情感升华。 · 段落开头语利用：第一段以“went to see the coach”起笔，直接承接开头语并展开对话情节。第二段以“accepted the precious chance”起笔，自然过渡到Hayden的视角，讲述他如何珍惜这次机会。 描写亮点标注 · “the coach was moved by Johnny's selfless act”——用教练的反应侧面烘托Johnny的品质，避免直接说教 · “he gave it his all”——简洁有力的短语，传达全力以赴的态度 · “making both Johnny and himself proud”——结尾回到两人，形成情感闭环 情节构思图 第一段围绕“Johnny向教练提出请求”展开，通过对话和心理描写展现他的无私。第二段聚焦“Hayden参赛过程”，用努力和成果呼应Johnny的付出。整体走向：牺牲→机会→努力→成功，突出友谊与体育精神的双重主题。 第 2 页，共 17 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 听力原文（录音稿） Text 1（第1题） M: Would you like some coffee beans? W: No, I'm looking for a coffee machine. Text 2（第2题） M: Let's make a plan for the weekend. W: Good idea. We can go to the beach. Text 3（第3题） M: My car broke down on the way. W: That's too bad. Text 4（第4题） W: What did you do on stage? M: I performed a magic trick. Text 5（第5题） M: Are you wearing a dress to the party? W: No, I think I'll wear my new sweater. Text 6（第6至7题） M: Gracia, what are you doing with all those books? W: I want to buy these books because they're so cheap. M: But we don't have enough space on our shelf. W: That's true. What should we do? M: We can make a simple shelf for them. W: That's a great idea. Text 7（第8至10题） M: Helen, do you ever get a takeout? W: No, never. Normally, when I go out to eat, I like to sit and enjoy my food. M: That's really nice. I often have to get takeouts, especially when I'm coming home late from work. You know, I drive to and from work. I'm so hungry that most of the time I don't really make it home, so I have to buy something on the way. But in the morning, I sometimes have milk and eggs at home. Do you often have people over for dinner? W: Yes, I really like cooking. I often invite my friends over and cook for them. M: I love cooking too, but the problem is that my place is really small. Even though I would love to invite my friends over for dinner, I never do. W: Why don't you bring your friends over to my house this weekend? M: Really? That would be great! But I have to finish my work first. Text 8（第11至13题） W: Hello, who is that? M: Hi, this is Robert. I think that's my mum's phone! She must have left it near the Maple Street bus stop. W: Yes, I found it here on the ground. I tried to reach you, but I don't know the password. M: Oh, that's kind of you! We're heading back now. Can you hold on to it for a few minutes? W: Well, just to confirm, how do I know it's yours? M: Oh, the phone case is pink, with a white cat on it. W: Yes, that matches! But right now I'm in a hurry to attend a meeting at the Grand Maple Hotel. It's just five minutes' walk from the bus stop. Could we meet at the entrance? M: Sure! How will we recognize you? W: I'm wearing a red scarf. M: OK! See you! Text 9（第14至17题） Hello, everyone! Today I'd like to talk about one of my favorite artists, Vincent van Gogh, for my class presentation. Van Gogh is famous for his unique painting style and emotional use of color. He painted over 35 self-portraits during his lifetime. What I like most about his works is the bright colors. When you look at his paintings, the yellows and blues seem to jump off the canvas. He also painted beautiful country scenery, like wheat fields and starry nights. His way of drawing is simple but powerful. If you want to learn more about him, I recommend watching the movie Loving Vincent. Text 10（第18至20题） Good morning everyone. Today I want to talk about Snapchat, one of the most popular social apps among young people. Snapchat's main feature is that messages disappear after being viewed. Users can send photos or short videos that vanish within seconds. This makes conversations feel more private and spontaneous. The app was created by three Stanford students who were wise enough to reject Facebook's $3 billion offer. They believed their product could grow even bigger, and they were right. Today, Snapchat has hundreds of millions of active users worldwide. It's more than just a messaging app — it's a cultural phenomenon. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $