Unit4 Adversity And Courage Period4 Learning About Language—Discovering Useful Structures教学设计-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Teaching and Learning Design Book3 Unit4 Adversity And Courage 教学设计 Period 4 Teaching and learning contents: Learning About Language—Discovering useful structures Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives: By the end of this period, the students will have been able to: 1) Learn about the form, meaning and functions of the present perfect continuous tense; 2) Practise using the present perfect continuous tense by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning important points: 1) Learning about the form, meaning and functions of the present perfect continuous tense; 2) Practising using the present perfect continuous tense by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning difficult points: 1) Learning about the form, meaning and functions of the present perfect continuous tense; 2) Practising using the present perfect continuous tense by completing some exercises. Teaching and learning procedure: Step 1 Leading in Activity 1 Leading in Lead in the teaching and learning topic by introducing the learning objectives of this period. Step 2 Discovering useful structures Activity 2 Discovering the structures Look at the sentence in the present perfect continuous tense. Find more examples from the previous text, observe the form and discuss the function of the tense. 1. Examples: This is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. …we have been managing to survive… We have been struggling for days. 2. Form: have/has been doing 3. Functions: This tense is used to describe ongoing duration of an action from the past to now, repeated actions over time emphasizing continuity, recently stopped actions with visible present effects, or emotional emphasis such as irritation or surprise. Step 3 Learning about the structures Activity 3 Learning about the structures—The present perfect continuous tense Get the students to read the grammar explanations in RB or Appendix by themselves and complete the exercises in RB in advance. In class, guide the students to learn about the grammar item. I. 现在完成进行时的构成 构成：现在完成进行时是由“have/has been+现在分词”构成的。 肯定句：主语 + have / has + been + 动词-ing形式 … 否定句：主语 + have / has not + been + 动词-ing形式 … 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + been + 动词-ing形式 …? 疑问词 + have / has + (主语) + been + 动词-ing形式 ...? e.g. He has been working here for 5 years. I haven’t been reading the book. Have you been painting the fence? How long have they been playing basketball? II. 用法 1. 表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在且有可能还在继续。现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。 e.g. It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. 很难说到底有多少人同意他的观点，但研究表明，这一数字已经上升了一段时间。 She has been reciting the words all morning. 她整个上午都在背单词。 2. 表示动作刚刚结束。 e.g. My paper is finished finally. I have been working on it all morning. 我的论文终于写完了。我整个上午都在写论文。 3. 表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作。 e.g. He has been making such mistakes for almost 3 years. 他犯这样的错误已经快3年了。 We have been cutting down too many trees since 5 years ago. 自5年前以来,我们砍伐了太多的树木。 4. 表达较重的感情色彩。 e.g. Why have you been making the same mistake recently? 最近你为什么一直犯同样的错误? Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊! III. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 项目 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 √ 强调动作的延续性 √ 强调动作重复 √ 表达生动,含有感情色彩 √ 说明一个事实、一种影响或结果 √ e.g. The style of farming has been changing since the rise of science. 自从科学兴起以来，耕作方式一直在改变。(强调动作) The style of farming has changed with the rise of science. 随着科学的兴起,耕作方式发生了变化。(强调结果) She has always been working like that. 她一贯是那样工作的。(具有感情色彩——表示赞许) All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved. 所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。(陈述事实) The libraries have been transforming themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.(尚未完成) 这些图书馆正在将自己转变为那样的地方，在那里你可以培养你对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人,或者了解如何创业。 They (The libraries) have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.(已经完成) 它们(这些图书馆)已经将自己转变为那样的地方，在那里你可以培养你对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人，或者了解如何创业。 Step 4 Using the structures Activity 4 Using the structures (exercises in the textbook) 1. Read each situation and rewrite each sentence using the present perfect continuous tense. And then check the answers. 1) The dog has been barking for about two hours. I really hope it will stop soon. 2) Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player. 3) Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired because he has been playing table tennis for two hours. 4) Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She looks terrible today. 5) I have been trying to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 2. Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Check and answers and then explain your reasons to your partner. Answers to the exercises: 1) has been discussing; 2) has been learning/ has learned; 3) (had) tried, worked; 4) finished; 5) has been collecting; 6) launched / is launching / has launched Learn about the new words: 1) bark vi.(犬)吠；吼叫 n.吠声；树皮；短促响亮的人声；擦破的……皮 e.g. The dog suddenly started barking at us. 那条狗突然开始对我们汪汪叫。 She barked out an order. 她厉声宣布命令。 2) rugby n. 橄榄球运动 3) bat n. 球拍 4) damp adj. 潮湿的 5) resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定 6) recreation n. n. 娱乐；消遣 7) guidance n. 指导 under the guidance of… 在……指导之下 guide n. 指南；导游；准则；指导的事物; vt. 给……当导游；指导；阐明；搀扶……走；带……参观；给……带路；驾驶; e.g. Activities all take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor. 所有活动都在经验丰富的导师指导下进行。 Let’s have a look at the TV guide and see what’s on. 咱们看看电视节目单上有什么节目。 We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains. 我们雇了一名当地人做向导带领我们翻山越岭。 We were guided around the museums. 我们在导游的带领下参观了博物馆。 She took her arm and guided her across the busy road. 她挽着她的手臂领她横穿过繁忙的公路。 8) nephew n. 侄子，外甥 9) advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 10) corporate adj. 公司的；法人的 corporation n.大公司；企业；法人 cooperate vi. 协作；配合 cooperative adj. 合作的，协作的；配合的n. 合作社，合作机构 Activity 5 Using the structures (exercises in the reference book) Complete the grammar exercises in the reference book and check the answers. Step 5 Evaluation and summary Activity 6 Self-evaluation Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects. 1. How is your mastery of the present perfect continuous tense? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) 2. What are your problems with this grammar item—the present perfect continuous tense? Activity 7 Summary (The teacher) Guide the students to summarize the usages of the present perfect continuous tense. Homework: 1. Complete the (grammar) exercises in RB and TB. 2. Read the grammar explanations in reference book to consolidate the grammar rules. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $