2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第三册重点单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型练习100题

班级 姓名 学号 分数 重点单词变形短语语法句型练习100题 (外研版必修第三册) （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 一、单句语法填空(本大题共60小题，每小题1分，共60分) 1．I felt (annoy) when he refused to help me. 2．In Japan, too, researchers are concerned about cell phone (addict). 3．You can ask for refund if the goods are (fault). 4．Together, we have achieved much in the 70 years since (independent). 5．Without the nose, we could not (breath) or smell. 6．If you both feel good, you need no (adjust). 7．We are (concern) about her health and well-being. 8．Having read about the complaints from my classmates, I feel (shame) and guilty. 9．Smokers have to face the (real) that a great number of people are dying of lung cancer. 10．How did she earn (she) living after she left her family? 11．New policy contributes to a rise in teachers’ average (earn). 12．It is a very (effect) way to learn the language and improve your pronunciation. 13．A (short) of hands has reduced our factory’s yearly output. 14．To her great (relieve), her younger brother recovered quickly after operation. 15．We would like to thank all the judges (法官) who (generous) spent their spare time dealing with this affair. 16．But the length of (treat) depends on the problem. 17．She agreed to see him again without (hesitate). 18．You must be very proud of your (achieve). 19．We made a (donate) to the library building fund. 20．On the other hand, for teachers’ priceless (contribute) they should be rewarded by due attention and more benefits. 21．Their (persevere) is the best model to all of us. 22．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.   23．A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday. 24．If you’ve put (significance) effort into a project, you may benefit from finishing it. 25．With so much homework (do), I won’t go to the cinema this weekend. 26．A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to test our communicative (capable). 27．Even if I had the talent to play tennis I couldn’t stand the (press). 28．Good job candidates must show a (flexibility) approach to problems. 29．The concepts might include portable laptops, laptops with a (wear) device and personal data assistants. 30．The animal welfare committee has been devoted to (draw) public attention recently. 31．Not only the manager but also a worker from his company (contact) the injured person so far. 32．The number of visitors to the museum (increase) by nearly 6% in the past few years. 33．In the last five years he’s (undergo) a personal transformation. 34．Social media is (significant) changing how people connect with each other worldwide. 35．I can’t imagine (walk) all the way to the North Pole. 36．His heroic action has left a deep (impress) on people’s minds. 37．Can I use your car? My car (repair) in the garage now. 38．We were all amazed at his (amaze) achievements. 39．The cause of the accident (investigate) so you needn’t worry. 40．Over the past 3 years, effective steps (take) to deal with environmental problems. 41．Every time I meet her, she (greet) me with a sweet smile. 42．So far, the rules that protect wildlife (revise) to preserve more wild animals. 43．In order to (vivid) craft the main characters, she read the book again and again for a better understanding of them. 44．As a famous writer, she has written many novels that are (imagine) and attractive. 45．She is a woman with a (live) personality, so everyone likes to talk with her. 46．The teacher recommended (finish) the project before the weekend. 47．As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads to (fail). 48．Soon the tea room became lively with every international student attempting (make) their own tea. 49．There has been no official (confirm) that the documents are genuine (真的). 50．I was forced (take) a taxi because the last bus had left. 51． (initial), she opposed the plan, but later she changed her mind. 52．The door to his house used to be (crowd) with visitors. 53．The football player suffered a serious knee (injure) and will be out for the season. 54．The doctor managed to stop the (bleed) and saved the patient’s life. 55．It is said that the spaceship is due (arrive) three days later. 56．He’ll make an (announce) at the meeting tomorrow. 57．He didn’t pass the entrance examination, which was beyond (expect). 58．Have you seen the (erupt) of a volcano? 59．If something happens (immediate), it happens without any delay. 60．Nowadays when (face) with health or nutrition questions, people probably turn to the Internet for help. 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 61．I do not know how I should (调节) my state of mind. 62．Who do you consider to be responsible for the (事故)? 63．He pressed the red alarm (信号) to see if it was on or off. 64．We have no need to mourn the passing of the (蒸汽) train. 65．If you can work the nail (松动), I could pull it out. 66．With the (帮助) of a telescope a ship could be made out on the horizon. 67．For a time we took in sewing to (挣) a little money. 68．They decided to set up a (基金) for this purpose. 69．Some brands of vaccines are more (有效的) than others. 70．To overcome a (短缺) of medical staff, 10 doctors have been employed from overseas. 71．It is a great (乐趣) to meet you students from England. 72．He believed that his son was (有能力的) of analyzing and solving the problem by himself. 73．You cannot move from one (虚拟的) world to another. 74．Can you (按) that button for me please? 75．An (展览) with 885 cultural relics was held at the Gallery at the beginning of this year. 76．I put down my heavy (负载物) when I reached the bus station. 77．A (心理学家) is a person who studies the human mind and tries to explain why people behave in this way. 78．Soldiers have closed the (边界) between the two countries. 79．Cats and foxes accidentally introduced are now (威胁) the survival of local species. 80．The sign on the wall tells us where to go in case of (紧急情况). 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．科学家们相信，美人鱼实际上是一种名叫海牛的动物。 by scientists mermaids were actually an animal called the manatee. 82． , I unwillingly took a bite of the stinky tofu. 屏住呼吸，我不情愿地咬了一口臭豆腐。 83． and then you may feel relaxed. 深呼吸你会感到轻松。 84．We making an early start. 我们已经决定早点动身。 85．New controls next week. 下个星期开始实施新的管制措施。 86． , our country always puts the interests of the people first. 总之, 我们国家始终把人民的利益放在第一位。 87． , the children were sent to the hospital safely and took the medicine that relieved them of their pain. 令父母感到宽慰的是, 孩子们已被安全地送到了医院, 并且吃下了缓解他们的疼痛的药。 88．My parents always my getting a good education, which makes a great difference to me. 我的父母总是非常重视让我接受良好的教育, 这对我影响很大。 89．There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage lies in foreigners in English. 毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。 90． , the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support. 除了学校, 该村还建造了诊所, 这是政府的支持。 91．Hearing the news, we . 听到这个消息，我们都有很大的压力。 92．The manager the other day. 前几天经理确实给我们作出了答复。 93．The reason why is that his works are inspiring. 我尊敬这位艺术家的原因是他的作品很鼓舞人心。 94． to protect the environment today. 如今正在采取越来越多的措施来保护环境。 95．With so many people , he felt very nervous. 这么多人盯着他看，他感到很紧张。 96．The stadium , many of whom were wearing the same T-shirts. 体育馆挤满了球迷, 他们中的许多人都穿着相同的 T恤。 97． the rumour is true. 已证实那个传闻属实。 98． , let’s begin, our meeting. 既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。 99．那只狗掉进冰河，邻居赶来救援，用绳子将它拉回安全处。 The dog fell into the icy river, but a neighbor with a rope and pulled it to safety. 100．尽管下着雨，开学典礼还是如期举行了。 Despite the heavy rain, the school opening ceremony started . 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 重点单词变形短语语法句型练习100题 (外研版必修第三册) （时间：60分钟，满分：120分） 一、单句语法填空(本大题共60小题，每小题1分，共60分) 1．I felt (annoy) when he refused to help me. 【答案】annoyed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当他拒绝帮助我时，我感到很生气。 系动词felt后应填形容词作表语，表示“感到生气的”用annoyed。 故填annoyed。 2．In Japan, too, researchers are concerned about cell phone (addict). 【答案】addiction 【详解】考查名词。句意：在日本，研究人员也对手机成瘾感到担忧。介词about后需要接名词作宾语，addict的名词形式是addiction，意为“成瘾，上瘾”，故填addiction。 3．You can ask for refund if the goods are (fault). 【答案】faulty 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果商品有瑕疵/有缺陷，你可以要求退款。分析句子结构可知，系动词are后需要接形容词作表语；所给词fault是名词，其形容词形式faulty，表示“有缺陷的、有毛病的”，符合语境。故填faulty。 4．Together, we have achieved much in the 70 years since (independent). 【答案】independence 【详解】考查名词。句意：自1949年独立以来的70年里，我们共同取得了诸多成就。此处since是介词，空格处用名词作宾语，independent的名词是independence，意为“独立”，是不可数名词。故填independence。 5．Without the nose, we could not (breath) or smell. 【答案】breathe 【详解】考查动词。句意：没有鼻子，我们就无法呼吸或闻气味。情态动词could not后应接动词原形，所给词breath是名词，其动词形式为breathe。 故填breathe。 6．If you both feel good, you need no (adjust). 【答案】adjustment 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你们双方都感觉良好，那就无需做任何调整了。空格处用名词作宾语，adjust的名词是adjustment，是不可数名词，意为“调整”。故填adjustment。 7．We are (concern) about her health and well-being. 【答案】concerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们关心她的健康和幸福。be concerned about是固定短语，意为“关心，挂念”，concerned在这里是形容词作表语。故填concerned。 8．Having read about the complaints from my classmates, I feel (shame) and guilty. 【答案】ashamed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：读了同学们的抱怨之后，我感到羞愧和内疚。系动词feel后需要接形容词作表语；所给词shame是名词，其形容词形式ashamed，表示“感到羞愧的”。故填ashamed。 9．Smokers have to face the (real) that a great number of people are dying of lung cancer. 【答案】reality 【详解】考查名词。句意：吸烟者必须面对这样一个现实：很多人正死于肺癌。定冠词the后需要接名词，作face的宾语，real的名词形式是reality，意为“现实”，故填reality。 10．How did she earn (she) living after she left her family? 【答案】her 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她离开家后是如何谋生的？earn one’s living是固定搭配，意为“谋生”，修饰名词living，应用形容词性物主代词，故填her。 11．New policy contributes to a rise in teachers’ average (earn). 【答案】earnings 【详解】考查名词。句意：新政策促使教师平均收入有所提高。被形容词average修饰，作介词宾语，应用名词形式，earn的名词是earning，常用复数形式，意为“收入，收益”，故填earnings。 12．It is a very (effect) way to learn the language and improve your pronunciation. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一种非常有效的学习语言和提高发音的方法。此处需要修饰名词way，应用形容词形式作定语，effect的形容词是effective，意为“有效的”，故填effective。 13．A (short) of hands has reduced our factory’s yearly output. 【答案】shortage 【详解】考查名词。句意：人手短缺降低了我们工厂的年产量。根据空前的不定冠词A以及空后的of可知，空处需要填名词，short的名词形式为shortage，意为“短缺，不足”，作主语。故填shortage。 14．To her great (relieve), her younger brother recovered quickly after operation. 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意：令她十分欣慰的是，她的弟弟手术后很快就康复了。短语to one's relief表示“令某人欣慰的是”。名词relief作宾语。故填relief。 15．We would like to thank all the judges (法官) who (generous) spent their spare time dealing with this affair. 【答案】generously 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们要感谢所有法官，他们慷慨地利用业余时间处理了这件事。修饰动词spent，提示词的副词形式generously“慷慨地”符合题意。故填generously。 16．But the length of (treat) depends on the problem. 【答案】treatment 【详解】考查名词。句意：但是治疗的时长取决于问题本身。the length of后接名词，treat的名词形式是treatment，意为“治疗”。故填treatment。 17．She agreed to see him again without (hesitate). 【答案】hesitation 【详解】考查名词。句意：她毫不犹豫地同意再次见他。作介词without的宾语，用名词hesitation“犹豫”，without hesitation固定搭配，意为“毫不犹豫”。故填hesitation。 18．You must be very proud of your (achieve). 【答案】achievement 【详解】考查名词。句意：你一定为你的成就感到非常自豪。空处作宾语，需填名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement，意为“成就”。故填achievement。 19．We made a (donate) to the library building fund. 【答案】donation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们为图书馆建设基金捐了款。此处为名词作宾语，donate的名词donation意为“捐赠”，make a donation to是固定搭配，表示“向……捐赠”。故填donation。 20．On the other hand, for teachers’ priceless (contribute) they should be rewarded by due attention and more benefits. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：另一方面，对于教师们无价的贡献，他们应该得到应有的关注和更多的福利作为回报。priceless是形容词，后接名词，contribute的名词形式是 contribution，意为“贡献”，此处表抽象意义，为不可数名词，故填 contribution。 21．Their (persevere) is the best model to all of us. 【答案】perseverance 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的毅力是我们所有人最好的榜样。空处作主语，且被their修饰，提示词的名词形式perseverance“毅力”符合，为不可数名词。故填perseverance。 22．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.   【答案】has been reached 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管进行了前几轮谈判，双方到目前为止仍未达成任何协议。根据时间状语so far可知，所填谓语动词要用现在完成时，主语no agreement是单数名词，与reach之间为被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态结构has been+过去分词。故填has been reached。 23．A lot of survivors (rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday. 【答案】have been rescued 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自昨天以来，地震发生地区的许多幸存者已被士兵救出。所填词作谓语动词，时间状语since yesterday要与现在完成时连用。主语survivors是复数名词，表示“幸存者”和rescue(营救)之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态结构have been+过去分词。故填have been rescued。 24．If you’ve put (significance) effort into a project, you may benefit from finishing it. 【答案】significant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你在一个项目上付出了巨大的努力，你可能会从完成它中受益。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词effort；significance的形容词为significant“巨大的”。故填significant。 25．With so much homework (do), I won’t go to the cinema this weekend. 【答案】to do 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：还有这么多作业要做，这个周末我不去看电影了。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为独立主格结构，此处表示将来的动作，需用不定式作宾语补足语表将来。故填 to do。 26．A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to test our communicative (capable). 【答案】capability 【详解】考查名词。句意：很多人常常忘记，口语考试旨在测试我们的交际能力。分析句子可知，前面有形容词communicative，后面需要用名词。capable的名词形式是capability，表示能力。communicative capability意为“交际能力”。故填capability。 27．Even if I had the talent to play tennis I couldn’t stand the (press). 【答案】pressure 【详解】考查名词。句意：即使我有打网球的天赋，我也受不了这种压力。 定冠词the后需要接名词，press的名词形式是pressure，表示“压力”，为不可数名词，在句中作stand的宾语。 故填pressure。 28．Good job candidates must show a (flexibility) approach to problems. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：优秀的求职者必须对问题展现出灵活的处理方式。形容词flexible在句中作定语修饰approach。故填flexible。 29．The concepts might include portable laptops, laptops with a (wear) device and personal data assistants. 【答案】wearable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些概念可能包括便携式笔记本电脑、配有可穿戴设备的笔记本电脑以及个人数字助理。形容词wearable意为“可穿戴的” ，在句中作定语修饰device。故填wearable。 30．The animal welfare committee has been devoted to (draw) public attention recently. 【答案】drawing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：动物福利委员会近期一直致力于引起公众的关注。短语be devoted to doing sth.表示“致力于做某事”。故填drawing。 31．Not only the manager but also a worker from his company (contact) the injured person so far. 【答案】has contacted 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，不仅经理，还有他公司的一名工人都已经联系了受伤的人。分析句子可知，句中出现 so far（到目前为止），是典型的现在完成时标志词，因此要用 have/has + done。主语结构为Not only A but also B，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即与a worker 保持一致。a worker 是单数，所以用has。故填has contacted。 32．The number of visitors to the museum (increase) by nearly 6% in the past few years. 【答案】has increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，博物馆的参观人数增长了近6%。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语The number of visitors是单数概念，助动词用has。故填has increased。 33．In the last five years he’s (undergo) a personal transformation. 【答案】undergone 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年里，他经历了一次个人的蜕变。根据时间状语In the last five years可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，或者对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时have/has+done。句子中已经有助动词 has。所给词undergo“经历；经受”的过去分词形式为undergone。故填undergone。 34．Social media is (significant) changing how people connect with each other worldwide. 【答案】significantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：社交媒体正在显著地改变世界各地人们的连接方式。根据句子结构，空格处修饰谓语动词“is changing”，应使用副词形式作状语。形容词significant的副词形式为significantly，表示“显著地、大幅度地”。故填significantly。 35．I can’t imagine (walk) all the way to the North Pole. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意：我无法想象一路走到北极。imagine doing sth.是固定用法，意为“想象做某事”，imagine后需接动名词作宾语，所以填walking。故填walking。 36．His heroic action has left a deep (impress) on people’s minds. 【答案】impression 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的英雄行为在人们心中留下了深刻的印象。此处考查固定短语leave a deep impression on sb.，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”，其中impress的名词形式impression作宾语。故填impression。 37．Can I use your car? My car (repair) in the garage now. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我能用一下你的车吗？我的车现在正在修理厂修理。根据时间状语now可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，且car与repair之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is being repaired。 38．We were all amazed at his (amaze) achievements. 【答案】amazing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都对他惊人的成就感到惊讶。根据空后的名词achievements可知，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，amaze的形容词形式amazing“令人惊讶的”符合语境。故填amazing。 39．The cause of the accident (investigate) so you needn’t worry. 【答案】is being investigated 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：事故的原因正在调查中，所以您无需担心。由so you needn’t worry可知，事故原因是正在被调查，因此句子用现在进行时的被动语态，主语cause是单数，因此空格处是is being investigated。故填is being investigated。 40．Over the past 3 years, effective steps (take) to deal with environmental problems. 【答案】have been taken 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：过去三年间，已采取有效措施应对环境问题。时间状语over the past 3 years常与现在完成时搭配，主语steps和take是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have been taken。 41．Every time I meet her, she (greet) me with a sweet smile. 【答案】greets 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：每次我遇见她，她都以甜美的微笑向我打招呼。由Every time可知，句子描述的是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词greet第三人称单数形式greets。故填greets。 42．So far, the rules that protect wildlife (revise) to preserve more wild animals. 【答案】have been revised 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，保护野生动物的相关规定已经进行了修订，以保护更多的野生动物。根据时间状语So far可知，句子要用现在完成时；rules和revise之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，rules为复数，谓语动词使用have been revised。故填have been revised。 43．In order to (vivid) craft the main characters, she read the book again and again for a better understanding of them. 【答案】vividly 【详解】考查副词。句意：为了生动地塑造主要人物形象，她一遍又一遍地研读这部小说，以便更好地理解人物特点。空处修饰动词craft“塑造，精心制作”，需用副词作状语。vivid对应的副词是vividly，意为“生动地，逼真地”。故填vividly。 44．As a famous writer, she has written many novels that are (imagine) and attractive. 【答案】imaginative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名知名作家，她写了很多富有想象力且吸引人的小说。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填形容词，与attractive并列作表语；imagine的形容词形式是imaginative，意为“富有想象力的”，符合语境。故填imaginative。 45．She is a woman with a (live) personality, so everyone likes to talk with her. 【答案】lively 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个性格活泼的女人，所以每个人都喜欢和她说话。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词personality，此处是指“活泼的性格”，空格处意为“活泼的”，形容词是lively。故填lively。 46．The teacher recommended (finish) the project before the weekend. 【答案】finishing 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：老师建议在周末前完成该项目。recommend doing sth.意思为：建议做某事，动名词作宾语。故填finishing。 47．As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads to (fail). 【答案】failure 【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，成功在于勤奋，而懒惰会导致失败。根据句子结构可知，空处需用名词作介词to的宾语；fail的名词为failure“失败”，是不可数名词。故填failure。 48．Soon the tea room became lively with every international student attempting (make) their own tea. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很快，茶室里便热闹起来，每一个国际学生都在尝试自己泡茶。短语attempt to do sth.表示“尝试做某事”。故填to make。 49．There has been no official (confirm) that the documents are genuine (真的). 【答案】confirmation 【详解】考查名词。句意：目前尚未有官方证实这些文件是真实的。此处在there be句型中作主语，用名词confirmation。故填confirmation。 50．I was forced (take) a taxi because the last bus had left. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我被迫乘坐出租车，因为最后一班公交车已经开走了。be forced to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“被迫做某事”，此处用不定式作主语补足语，故填to take。 51． (initial), she opposed the plan, but later she changed her mind. 【答案】Initially 【详解】考查副词。句意：起初，她反对这个计划，但后来她改变了主意。此处需要修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，initial的副词是initially，意为“起初，开始”，句首单词首字母大写，故填Initially。 52．The door to his house used to be (crowd) with visitors. 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他家门前过去常常挤满了访客。设空处作表语，应填形容词，be crowded with为固定搭配，意为“挤满……”。 故填crowded。 53．The football player suffered a serious knee (injure) and will be out for the season. 【答案】injury 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位足球运动员膝盖严重受伤，将缺席整个赛季的比赛。作动词的宾语，用名词injury，故填injury。 54．The doctor managed to stop the (bleed) and saved the patient’s life. 【答案】bleeding 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生成功止住了出血，并挽救了病人的生命。定冠词the后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。bleed的名词形式为bleeding，为“流血”之意。故填bleeding。 55．It is said that the spaceship is due (arrive) three days later. 【答案】to arrive 【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说宇宙飞船预计三天后到达。be due to do sth.为固定用法，意为“预定、预计做某事”。故填to arrive。 56．He’ll make an (announce) at the meeting tomorrow. 【答案】announcement 【详解】考查名词。句意：他将在明天的会议上发表一个声明。an后跟名词的单数形式，announce的名词是announcement，意为“公告，宣布”。故填announcement。 57．He didn’t pass the entrance examination, which was beyond (expect). 【答案】expectation 【详解】考查名词。句意：他没有通过入学考试，这出乎预料。beyond expectation是固定短语，意为“出乎意料” ，expectation在这里作beyond的宾语。故填expectation。 58．Have you seen the (erupt) of a volcano? 【答案】eruption 【详解】考查名词。句意：你见过火山喷发吗？空处作seen的宾语，用erupt的名词eruption“喷发”，此处特指一次火山喷发，用单数形式。故填eruption。 59．If something happens (immediate), it happens without any delay. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：如果某事立即发生，它就会毫无延迟地发生。空处修饰动词happens，需用副词immediately“立即，马上”，作状语。故填immediately。 60．Nowadays when (face) with health or nutrition questions, people probably turn to the Internet for help. 【答案】faced 【详解】考查状语从句的省略及固定搭配。空处需填 face 的适当形式；固定搭配be faced with，意为“面对”，when引导时间状语从句的主语与主句主语people一致，且从句含be动词，此时可省略从句的主语和be动词，从句完整形式为when people are faced with...，省略后为when faced with...，符合语法规则和语境要求。故填faced。 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 61．I do not know how I should (调节) my state of mind. 【答案】adjust 【详解】考查动词。句意：我不知道该如何调节我的心态。根据汉语提示“调节”可知，应填动词adjust，且情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填adjust。 62．Who do you consider to be responsible for the (事故)? 【答案】accident 【详解】考查名词。句意：你认为谁该为这次事故负责？根据汉语提示“事故”，用名词accident，在句中作介词for的宾语。故填accident。 63．He pressed the red alarm (信号) to see if it was on or off. 【答案】signal 【详解】考查名词。句意：他按下红色警报信号，查看它是开着还是关着。根据汉语提示“信号”，signal符合语境，在句中作pressed的宾语。故填signal。 64．We have no need to mourn the passing of the (蒸汽) train. 【答案】steam 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们没有必要为蒸汽机车的消逝而哀悼。根据汉语提示“蒸汽”可知，应填名词steam，作定语，表示类别，修饰train。故填steam。 65．If you can work the nail (松动), I could pull it out. 【答案】loose 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你能把钉子弄松动，我就能把它拔出来。根据汉语提示“松动”可知，应填形容词loose，作宾语补足语。故填loose。 66．With the (帮助) of a telescope a ship could be made out on the horizon. 【答案】aid 【详解】考查名词。句意：借助望远镜，可以看见地平线上的一艘船。根据汉语提示“帮助”可知，此处为名词aid作宾语，with the aid of意为“在……帮助下”。故填aid。 67．For a time we took in sewing to (挣) a little money. 【答案】earn 【详解】考查动词。句意：有一段时间，我们靠做针线活挣了一点钱。根据汉语提示“挣”可知，应填动词earn，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填earn。 68．They decided to set up a (基金) for this purpose. 【答案】fund 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们决定为此目的设立一个基金。“基金”作宾语，用名词fund，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填fund。 69．Some brands of vaccines are more (有效的) than others. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些品牌的疫苗比其他品牌的更有效。空处应填形容词“有效的”，其英文为effective，与空前more构成形容词的比较级，在句中作表语。故填effective。 70．To overcome a (短缺) of medical staff, 10 doctors have been employed from overseas. 【答案】shortage 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了克服医务人员短缺的问题，已经从海外聘请了10名医生。空处作动词overcome的宾语，名词shortage“短缺”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填shortage。 71．It is a great (乐趣) to meet you students from England. 【答案】pleasure 【详解】考查名词。句意：很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的学生。根据汉语提示“乐趣”，且空前有a great修饰，可知此处应填可数名词单数pleasure，在句中作表语。故填pleasure。 72．He believed that his son was (有能力的) of analyzing and solving the problem by himself. 【答案】capable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他相信他的儿子有能力自己分析和解决这个问题。根据汉语提示“有能力的”，用形容词capable，作表语，且be capable of是固定搭配，意为“有能力做……”，故填capable。 73．You cannot move from one (虚拟的) world to another. 【答案】virtual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你不能从一个虚拟世界转移到另一个。根据汉语提示“虚拟的”可知，此处用形容词virtual，在句中作定语修饰名词world。故填virtual。 74．Can you (按) that button for me please? 【答案】press 【详解】考查动词。句意：你能帮我按一下那个按钮吗？根据汉语提示“按”可知此处用动词press，情态动词Can后接动词原形。故填press。 75．An (展览) with 885 cultural relics was held at the Gallery at the beginning of this year. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：今年年初，一场有885件文物的展览在美术馆举行。根据汉语提示“展览”，且空前有不定冠词an，可知此处应填名词exhibition，在句中作主语。故填exhibition。 76．I put down my heavy (负载物) when I reached the bus station. 【答案】load 【详解】考查名词。句意：到达汽车站时，我放下了沉重的负载物。根据汉语提示“负载物”，load符合语境，在句中作宾语。故填load。 77．A (心理学家) is a person who studies the human mind and tries to explain why people behave in this way. 【答案】psychologist 【详解】考查名词。句意：心理学家是研究人类心理并试图解释人们为何会这样行事的人。根据汉语提示“心理学家”可知，此处应填名词psychologist，在句中作主语。故填psychologist。 78．Soldiers have closed the (边界) between the two countries. 【答案】border 【详解】考查名词。句意：士兵们关闭了两国之间的边界。 设空处作宾语，结合汉语提示“边界”，应用名词border，故填border。 79．Cats and foxes accidentally introduced are now (威胁) the survival of local species. 【答案】threatening 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：意外引入的猫和狐狸现在正威胁着当地物种的生存。根据汉语提示“威胁”可知，用动词threaten，结合now可知，用现在进行时，空前有are，本空用threatening。故填threatening。 80．The sign on the wall tells us where to go in case of (紧急情况). 【答案】emergency 【详解】考查名词。句意：墙上的标志告诉我们紧急情况时该往哪里走。根据汉语提示应填名词emergency，不可数名词，作介词of的宾语。故填emergency。 三、完成句子(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 81．科学家们相信，美人鱼实际上是一种名叫海牛的动物。 by scientists mermaids were actually an animal called the manatee. 【答案】 It is believed that 【详解】考查固定句型。It is believed by sb. that...是常用的被动句式，表达“据某人相信……” ，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句mermaids were actually an animal called the manatee。故填①It is believed；②that。 82． , I unwillingly took a bite of the stinky tofu. 屏住呼吸，我不情愿地咬了一口臭豆腐。 【答案】Holding my breath 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“屏住呼吸”用hold one’s breath，根据主语I可知，用形容词性物主代词my。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，hold和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Holding my breath。 83． and then you may feel relaxed. 深呼吸你会感到轻松。 【答案】Take a deep breath 【详解】考查祈使句。表示“深呼吸”用take a deep breath，本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头，句首单词首字母大写。故填Take a deep breath。 84．We making an early start. 我们已经决定早点动身。 【答案】have resolved on 【详解】考查固定短语与时态。“决定（做某事）”可用固定搭配resolve on (doing) sth.，“已经”提示动作发生在过去并对现在产生影响，因此用现在完成时，主语we是复数，助动词用have，resolve的过去分词为resolved，on为介词，后接动名词making。故填have resolved on。 85．New controls next week. 下个星期开始实施新的管制措施。 【答案】will come into effect 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“开始实施”。可用动词短语come into effect表示“开始生效；开始实施”。根据句中时间状语next week可知，句子时态为一般将来时“will+动词原形”。故填will come into effect。 86． , our country always puts the interests of the people first. 总之, 我们国家始终把人民的利益放在第一位。 【答案】In short 【详解】考查介词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“总之”，可用介词短语in short，句首单词，首字母要大写。故填In short。 87． , the children were sent to the hospital safely and took the medicine that relieved them of their pain. 令父母感到宽慰的是, 孩子们已被安全地送到了医院, 并且吃下了缓解他们的疼痛的药。 【答案】To their parents’ relief 【详解】考查固定短语。to one's relief是固定表达，意思为“令某人宽慰的是” ，“父母”为 parents，在句首作状语,首字母大写。故填To their parents’ relief。 88．My parents always my getting a good education, which makes a great difference to me. 我的父母总是非常重视让我接受良好的教育, 这对我影响很大。 【答案】attach great significance to 【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据句意，此处表示“非常重视”需用固定短语attach great significance to，to为介词，后接动名词形式；结合always的语境，句子时态为一般现在时，主语My parents为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填attach great significance to。 89．There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage lies in foreigners in English. 毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。 【答案】his capability to communicate/of communicating with 【详解】考查名词，不定式和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“他和……交流的能力”，“他的能力”是his capability，“和……交流”是communicate with，capability后可跟of doing，也可跟to do，故填his capability to communicate/of communicating with。 90． , the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support. 除了学校, 该村还建造了诊所, 这是政府的支持。 【答案】In addition to the school 【详解】考查介词短语。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“除了学校”，“除了”可用介词短语in addition to，句首单词首字母大写，“学校”用the school。故填In addition to the school。 91．Hearing the news, we . 听到这个消息，我们都有很大的压力。 【答案】were all under great pressure 【详解】考查固定短语与时态。“有很大的压力”表示为be under great pressure；动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语we是复数，系动词用were，表示“都”用all，放在系动词之后。故填：were all under great pressure。 92．The manager the other day. 前几天经理确实给我们作出了答复。 【答案】did give us a reply 【详解】考查强调谓语。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“给某人做出了答复”为give sb. a reply，此处用“did+动词原形”表示对过去发生动作的强调。故填did give us a reply。 93．The reason why is that his works are inspiring. 我尊敬这位艺术家的原因是他的作品很鼓舞人心。 【答案】I look up to the artist 【详解】考查固定搭配。“尊敬”为固定搭配look up to，“这位艺术家”为the artist，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故填I look up to the artist。 94． to protect the environment today. 如今正在采取越来越多的措施来保护环境。 【答案】More and more measures are being taken 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“越来越多的措施正在被采取”，“越来越多的”是more and more，“措施”是measure，要用复数，“采取”是take，由today可知，时态用现在进行时，措施是被采取，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，主语more and more measures是复数，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填More and more measures are being taken。 95．With so many people , he felt very nervous. 这么多人盯着他看，他感到很紧张。 【答案】focusing their eyes on him 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“盯着他看”，应用动词短语focus one’s eyes on sb.；根据句意，此处表示“他们的眼睛”，应用their eyes；结合主语he可知sb.用宾格代词him作宾语；此处为with的复合结构，people和focus之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填focusing their eyes on him。 96．The stadium , many of whom were wearing the same T-shirts. 体育馆挤满了球迷, 他们中的许多人都穿着相同的 T恤。 【答案】was crowded with fans 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“挤满”短语为be crowded with，结合后文were可知为一般过去时，主语为stadium，谓语用单数；表示“球迷”用名词fans。故填was crowded with fans。 97． the rumour is true. 已证实那个传闻属实。 【答案】It has been confirmed that 【详解】考查固定句型。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“已证实……”，可用固定句型It has been confirmed that...，其中it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，has been confirmed是现在完成时的被动语态，表示“已经被证实”，符合本句语境，句首单词首字母大写。故填It has been confirmed that。 98． , let’s begin, our meeting. 既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。 【答案】Now that/Since everyone is here 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“既然”用now that/since，引导原因状语从句；表示“大家”用不定式代词everyone ，作主语；表示“到齐”可用be here，陈述事实用一般现在时。故填Now that/Since everyone is here。 99．那只狗掉进冰河，邻居赶来救援，用绳子将它拉回安全处。 The dog fell into the icy river, but a neighbor with a rope and pulled it to safety. 【答案】 came to the rescue 【详解】考查动词短语和时态一致。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“赶来救援”应用短语come to the rescue；句中前半句谓语fell为一般过去时，后半句时态需保持一致，come的过去式为came，符合语境。故填came to the rescue。 100．尽管下着雨，开学典礼还是如期举行了。 Despite the heavy rain, the school opening ceremony started . 【答案】as scheduled 【详解】考查状语从句省略形式。主句主语为the school opening ceremony，空处为状语从句，完整形式为as it was scheduled。由于从句主语it指代主句主语，且谓语包含was，因此可省略it was，保留as scheduled，表示“如期”。故填as scheduled。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 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