5.自然生态与环境保护- 【一战成名新中考】2026江西英语中考必考知识点题组特训

“自然生态与环境保护”话题加练 一、完形填空A） You have to be careful when throwing away wet waste. It may include food or other kinds of rubbish. Maybe these kinds of waste have made a big 1 when you’ve thrown them away before. Shi Yuan, 14, from Shanghai Wenlai Middle School has made a special 2 to solve his problem. The bag has a band of adhesive tape(粘贴带). When one 3 of the tape is open, the bag can be turned upside down. You can hold the bottom end and 4 throw wet rubbish into a trash can(垃圾箱). Shi came up with the idea after a 5 experience in which he got wet all over his pants while throwing it away. He found that many 6 people had the same problem. He made up his mind to solve this problem and invented his special bag. He first thought about using a gunny(麻布) bag or placing a bag rack on his trash cans. 7 neither of these ideas worked. So he decided to just design his own rubbish bag. “I didn’t want to put any extra burden(负担) on the bag, so I used adhesive tape.” Shi said. However, the bag was a one-off(一次性) 8 . So it wasn’t 9 friendly. As a result, Shi 10 improving his design. He remembered reading about the adhesive used for post-it notes(便利贴). Shi thought this weak glue could be used 11 the adhesive tape and allow the garbage bag to be reused. Shi’s bag has become 12 in many communities. He has already 13 2 million bags online. His father is quite 14 of him. “Kids like to play. Shi just 15 the way he plays and put his mind toward exploring a way to make life easier,” Shi’s father said. ( ) 1. A. success B. mess C. wish D. meal ( ) 2. A. basket B. bottle C. can D. bag ( ) 3. A. board B. center C. end D. stomach ( ) 4. A. hard B. easily C. hardly D. generally ( ) 5. A. terrible B. pleasant C. lucky D. friendly ( ) 6. A. the other B. another C. other D. others ( ) 7. A. And B. Unless C. Until D. But ( ) 8. A. product B. production C. process D. protection ( ) 9. A. directly B. suddenly C. environmentally D. carefully ( ) 10. A. ended up B. gave up C. kept on D. looked up ( ) 11. A. for B. by C. in D. to ( ) 12. A. similar B. different C. popular D. awful ( ) 13. A. bought B. sold C. required D. reviewed ( ) 14. A. patient B. upset C. angry D. proud ( ) 15. A. requested B. changed C. threw D. compared 二、完形填空B） connect only beautiful connected weigh really lively while balance environment play The ocean is a mysterious and wonderful world, home to many amazing creatures, both huge and tiny. The blue whale, for example, as the largest animal on Earth, can 1. _______ up to 200 tons. Its heart is as big as a car! In contrast, some types of shrimp are tinier 2. _______ a human finger, almost too small to see clearly. It’s incredible(难以置信的) to think about such differences. But in the complex web of life, size doesn’t 3. _______ matter. In fact, every life form, from the largest whale to the smallest shrimp, 4. _______ a special role in the ecosystem. They are all part of a big family. Last weekend, our science class took a walk along the beach. It was a sunny day, and we saw a 5. _______ community of birds and crabs. The birds were singing and looking for food, 6. _______ the little crabs were running in and out of their holes in the sand. It was a 7. _______ and busy scene. Our teacher pointed at them and told us that all living things in this area are 8. _______ with each other. The crabs clean the beach, and the birds eat some of the crabs, which helps keep the 9. _______. For this reason, it’s of great importance to protect our 10. _______. We must remember that we have 11. _______ one planet to live on. Let’s take action before it’s too late! 三、选择型阅读理解 What is a whale worth? For a long time, the answer was simple. A whale was worth the oil, meat, and other useful things we could get from its body. This old idea almost made whales disappear. For example, Japanese whalers were crazy about killing whales for commercial(商业的) reasons. In fact, many countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Norway, and the former Soviet Union, also engaged in large-scale commercial whaling in the past. This hunting job has pushed many whale species to the edge of extinction(灭绝的边缘). But now, people are thinking differently. Scientists are studying the value of a living whale. A big whale does two very important things. First, during its life, it takes in a lot of carbon(碳). Carbon dioxide is a gas that makes our planet warmer. When the whale dies, its body falls to the bottom of the sea. This keeps the carbon down there for a long time. Second, whale waste helps tiny plants in the ocean called phytoplankton(浮游植物) grow. These tiny plants are food for many sea animals. They also make over half of the oxygen we breathe. So, a living whale is worth much more than the things we can take from it. It helps fight climate change and keeps the ocean healthy. This new way of thinking is very important for protecting whales. ( ) 1. What did people use to think a whale was worth? A. Its help to the environment. B. The things from its body. C. Its long life in the ocean. D. The oxygen it helps to make. ( ) 2. According to the passage, how does a whale help deal with global warming after its death? A. It feeds other fish. B. It teaches people to protect nature. C. It makes the ocean more nutritious. D. It takes stored carbon deep into the sea. ( ) 3. 【创新考法·名词指代】What does the underlined word “value” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The amount of money a whale can be sold for. B. The importance of a living whale. C. The number of years a whale can live. D. The size and weight of a whale. ( ) 4. 【创新考法·标题归纳】Which is the best title for the passage? A. The Life of a Whale. B. Why Whales Are Disappearing? C. The Value of Whales. D. How Whale Waste Helps the Ocean? ( ) 5. 【创新考法·观点态度】What is the author’s attitude(态度) towards the new way of valuing whales? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Neutral(中立的). D. Disappointed. 四、还原型阅读理解 Humans produce a lot of plastic waste. Plastic pollution has become a world problem. 1. _______ They have made products out of plants and vegetables, which will help to reduce plastic waste. Bamboo Bamboo is a fast-growing plant. 2. _______ The fast-growing speed makes it a good material for making products. If we cut down a bamboo plant to make paper, within weeks, another fully-grown bamboo plant will be ready for cutting. In addition, bamboo paper is green and clean. Vegetable There are many different kinds of vegetables. But do you know that some vegetables such as pumpkins, can be made into cups? A company has created vegetable cups. They first grow the vegetable inside a 3D-printed mold(模具). Then, it is dried out. This makes it watertight. 3. _______ When you’re done drinking from it, this environmentally friendly cup can be recycled. Mushroom Look at this bottle packaging(瓶子包装). Does it look like plastic? 4. _______ There is a special kind of mycelium(菌丝) found on the underside of certain mushrooms. It looks like very thin thread(线). A US company mixes waste from the farm and mycelium from mushrooms together. 5. _______ Finally it forms a shape. A bottle packaging is made in six days, and decomposes(分解) within 180 days in the earth. A. After drying, you can use it to drink. B. Actually, it is made from mushrooms. C. We should try our best to save the earth. D. Some kinds can grow about 60 cm a day. E. Bamboo is often served in many restaurants. F. Then the mycelium begins to grow around the waste. G. To solve it, many companies start to turn to nature for help. 参考答案 一、【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自上海文来中学的14岁学生石元，为了解决扔湿垃圾时弄脏手的问题，发明了一种特殊的垃圾袋，这种垃圾袋受到了许多社区的欢迎，他的父亲也为他感到骄傲。 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 二、【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比海洋生物的大小差异并描述海滩生态场景，说明了所有生命在生态系统中相互关联、各有其职，从而强调保护环境、珍爱地球的重要性。 1. weigh 2. than 3. really 4. plays 5. lively 6. while 7. beautiful 8. connected 9. balance 10. environment 11. only 三、【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比过去和现在对鲸鱼价值的认知，强调活鲸鱼在应对气候变化、维持海洋健康中的重要性。 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 四、【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类如何利用植物和蔬菜制作环保产品，以减少塑料污染。 1. G 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. F 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $