内容正文:
【导图助记】
【易混辨析】
(1)during与 in
易混词
含义及用法
例句
during
表示“在……期间”,强调某动作或状态发生在某一段时间内,常与表示特定活动或事件的名词连用。
We watched a movie during the class trip. 我们在班级旅行期间看了一场电影。
in
表示“在……时间内”,通常用于年、月、季节或泛指一段时间,不强调具体事件。
She usually goes swimming in summer. 她通常在夏天去游泳。
(2)surprised 、surprising与surprise
易混词
用法说明
例句
surprised
形容词,用来描述人的感受,主语通常是人。常用短语:be surprised at...(对……感到惊讶)。
I was surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到惊讶。
surprising
形容词,用来描述事物的特性,主语通常是物或事情。意思是这件事本身让人吃惊。
The news was surprising. 这个消息是令人惊讶的。
surprise
作名词时,为抽象概念,可构成短语如:in surprise(惊讶地),a surprise(一个惊喜)。作动词时,是动作,意为“使某人惊讶”。
1. She looked at me in surprise. (名词) 她惊讶地看着我。2. The result surprised us all.
(动词) 这个结果让我们所有人都很惊讶。
【分层训练】
夯实基础
Ⅰ. 词汇积累
1.忘记;遗忘 v. ______
2.正午;中午 n. ______
3.恶心的;生病的 adj. ______
4.车站;所;局 n. ______
5.王宫;宫殿 n. ______
6.可能;可以 modal v. ______
7.预算 n. ______
8.护照 n. ______
9.健忘的;好忘事的 adj. ______
10.远方的;遥远的 adj. ______
11.平常的;有规律的 adj. ______
12.乡村;农村 n. ______
13.惊奇的;惊讶的 adj. ______
14.鹿 n. ______
15.很可能;大概 adv. ______
16.广场;正方形 n. ______
17.在……期间 prep. ______
18.胜利;成功 n. ______
19.俄罗斯的;俄罗斯人的 adj. 俄罗斯人;俄语 n. ______
20.战斗;搏斗;斗争 n. 打仗;打架 v. ______
21.反对;与……相反;紧靠 prep. ______
22.眼泪;泪水 n. ______
23.提醒;使想起 v. ______
24.和平;太平 n. ______
25.容易地;轻易地 adv. ______
Ⅱ. 短语积累
26.fight against sb/sth ________
27.thousands of ________
28.get together ________
29.in the sun ________
30.turn around ________
31.fall down ________
32.feel like doing sth ________
33.in the countryside ________
34.be surprised to do sth ________
35.make a noise ________
Ⅲ. 词汇运用
一、根据汉语提示写单词
36.The old man decided to move to the ________ (乡下).
37.We are going to play ________ (反对) another school next week.
38.Children like to go to the ________ (广场) to fly kites in spring.
39.You must carry your ________ (护照) when you travel to another country.
40.________ (在……期间) the COVID-19 shutdown, people had to stay at home.
二、用单词适当形式填空
41.If you go outside, the wind might ________ (blow) you down.
42.She was very ________ (surprise) to see her old friend at the party.
43.I think she ________ (probable) lost the game because she looks so upset.
44.In Yancheng Nature Reserve, tourists can watch the birds ________ (easy) in the daytime.
45.I look forward to visiting some old ________ (palace) with a long history in Beijing.
三、根据汉语提示补全句子
46.我们应该与坏习惯作斗争。
We should ________ ________ bad habits.
47.我想要喝一杯奶茶。
I ________ ________ drinking a cup of milk tea.
48.山坡上开满了成千上万朵野花,像铺了一层花毯。
There are ________ wild flowers blooming on the hillside, like a flower carpet spread out.
49.春节时,我们全家总会团聚在一起,分享过去一年的趣事。
During the Spring Festival, my whole family always _________ to share interesting stories of the past year.
50.在公园里,听到鸟叫后我转身,看见一只孔雀。
In the park, after hearing birds sing, I ________ ________ and saw a peacock.
能力提升
Ⅰ.篇章运用
阅读短文, 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整,每词限用一次。
foot sing in visit something against thousand forget station tire
People usually take a trip to make themselves happy and relaxed. But last summer, I had a special travel experience. I 51 Mount Wuyi with my parents. Mount Wuyi is 52 the northwest of Fujian. It’s famous for green forests, clear water and nice tea. Every day, 53 of people go there on vacation.
My mum was 54 so my dad booked three train tickets online. The train should start at 8: 00, but it was late. We had to wait. When we finally got on the train, it was 9:00. What’s worse, there was 55 wrong with the air conditioner. I couldn’t stand the high temperature and the terrible smell in the carriage (车厢). As soon as the train arrived at the 56 , I ran out quickly.
A tour bus took us to the 57 of the mountain. We rented three bikes to ride on. It was too hot. We had to keep drinking along the way. Of course, Mount Wuyi was really beautiful. We heard the birds 58 and enjoyed the green trees. We were tasting delicious Dahongpao Tea when it rained suddenly. Riding in the rain became more difficult. I fell off the bike. Luckily, I wasn’t hurt. But I felt too 59 to ride on. I wanted to give it up. After fighting 60 all kinds of difficulties, we finally reached the top of the mountain.
Ⅱ.真题回顾
(四川自贡中考)
61.We are going to have a party to celebrate the v________ of the basketball game.
(新疆维吾尔自治区中考)
62.I have a memory like an elephant and I never f_________ anything.
(广西桂林中考)
63.He is so clever that he can work out the problem e________.
(内蒙古包头中考)
64.We weren’t __________ that she won the talent competition. She sings very well. (surprise)
(江苏扬州中考)
65.Working as a team means celebrating ________ and facing losses together.(victory)
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《同步单词导图讲练人教版(2024)八年级上册Unit 1 Section B》参考答案:
1.forget 2.noon 3.sick 4.station 5.palace 6.might 7.budget 8.passport 9.forgetful 10.faraway 11.regular 12.countryside 13.surprised 14.deer 15.probably 16.square 17.during 18.victory 19.Russian 20.fight 21.against 22.tear 23.remind 24.peace 25.easily
【解析】1.忘记;遗忘 v. forget,动词。故填forget。
2.正午;中午 n. noon,名词。故填noon。
3.恶心的;生病的 adj. sick,形容词。故填sick。
4.车站;所;局 n. station,名词。故填station。
5.王宫;宫殿 n. palace,名词。故填palace。
6.可能;可以 modal v. might,情态动词。故填might。
7.预算 n. budget,名词。故填budget。
8.护照 n. passport,名词。故填passport。
9.健忘的;好忘事的 adj. forgetful,形容词。故填forgetful。
10.远方的;遥远的 adj. faraway,形容词。故填faraway。
11.平常的;有规律的 adj. regular,形容词。故填regular。
12.乡村;农村 n. countryside,名词。故填countryside。
13.惊奇的;惊讶的 adj. surprised,形容词。故填surprised。
14.鹿 n. deer,名词。故填deer。
15.很可能;大概 adv. probably,副词。故填probably。
16.广场;正方形 n. square,名词。故填square。
17.在……期间 prep. during,介词。故填during。
18.胜利;成功 n. victory,名词。故填victory。
19.俄罗斯的;俄罗斯人的 adj. 俄罗斯人;俄语 n. Russian,形容词/名词。故填Russian。
20.战斗;搏斗;斗争 n. 打仗;打架 v. fight,名词/动词。故填fight。
21.反对;与……相反;紧靠 prep. against,介词。故填against。
22.眼泪;泪水 n. tear,名词。故填tear。
23.提醒;使想起 v. remind,动词。故填remind。
24.和平;太平 n. peace,名词。故填peace。
25.容易地;轻易地 adv. easily,副词。故填easily。
26.与……作斗争 27.数以千计的 28.聚会;相聚 29.在阳光下 30.转身 31.跌倒 32.想要做某事 33.在乡下 34.对做某事感到惊讶 35.发出响声
【解析】26.fight against sb/sth翻译为“与……作斗争”,动词短语。故填:与……作斗争。
27.thousands of翻译为“数以千计的”,数词短语。故填:数以千计的。
28.get together翻译为“聚会;相聚”,动词短语。故填:聚会;相聚。
29.in the sun翻译为“在阳光下”,介词短语。故填:在阳光下。
30.turn around翻译为“转身”,动词短语。故填:转身。
31.fall down翻译为“跌倒”,动词短语。故填:跌倒。
32.feel like doing sth翻译为“想要做某事”,动词短语。故填:想要做某事。
33.in the countryside翻译为“在乡下”,介词短语。故填:在乡下。
34.be surprised to do sth翻译为“对做某事感到惊讶”,形容词短语。故填:对做某事感到惊讶。
35.make a noise翻译为“发出响声”,动词短语。故填:发出响声。
36.countryside##country
【详解】句意:这位老人决定搬到乡下去。根据中文提示“乡下”可知,此处应填名词countryside/country。故填countryside/country。
37.against
【详解】句意:下周我们将与另一个学校比赛。根据“We are going to play … another school next week”和汉语提示可知,此处考查短语play against,表示“与……对抗、比赛”。故填against。
38.square
【详解】句意:在春天,孩子们喜欢去广场放风筝。“广场”为square,结合语境,此处应用单数名词。故填square。
39.passport
【详解】句意:当你去另一个国家旅行时,你必须携带你的护照。“护照”的英文是passport,根据your可知,此处用名词的单数形式,passport译为“护照”。故填passport。
40.During
【详解】句意:在新冠疫情期间,人们不得不待在家里。during“在……期间”,介词,句首首字母大写。故填During。
41.blow
【详解】句意:如果你出去,风可能会把你吹倒。might为情态动词,后跟动词原形。故填blow。
42.surprised
【详解】句意:在聚会上看到老朋友,她非常惊讶。surprise“惊讶”,动词或名词;此处需要形容词作表语,描述人的感受,surprised“感到惊讶的”,用于修饰人,表示她看到老朋友时的感受。故填surprised。
43.probably
【详解】句意:我想她可能输掉了比赛,因为她看起来很沮丧。probable“可能的”,形容词,此处用其副词形式probably“可能”修饰动词lost。故填probably。
44.easily
【详解】句意:在盐城自然保护区,游客们在白天可以很容易地观察鸟类。根据“tourists can watch the birds”可知,横线处需填副词修饰动词watch,easy“容易的”,形容词,其副词形式为easily。故填easily。
45.palaces
【详解】句意:我盼望参观北京的一些历史悠久的古老宫殿。palace“宫殿”,根据“some”可知此处应用可数名词复数。故填palaces。
46. fight against
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,fight against“与……作斗争”,动词短语;情态动词should后接动词原形。故填fight;against。
47. feel like
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少内容“想要”,feel like doing“想要做某事”。故填feel;like。
48.thousands of
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“成千上万朵”,用英文表达为thousands of,该短语用于修饰可数名词复数形式,符合句中修饰“wild flowers”的语境。故填thousands of。
49.get together
【详解】根据中英文对照,空格处缺“团聚在一起”。“get together”是固定短语,意为“团聚;相聚”,符合“全家团聚在一起”的表达,且句子主语“my whole family”表示复数概念,句子时态为一般现在时,用动词原形即可。故填get together。
50. turned around
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺“转身”,turn around“转身”,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填turned;around。
51.visited 52.in 53.thousands 54.forgetful 55.something 56.station 57.foot 58.singing 59.tired 60.against
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者一家游览武夷山的经历。
51.句意:我和我的父母一起参观了武夷山。根据上文“But last summer, I had a special travel experience.”可知,此处应用一般过去时,结合所给词,此处表示“参观”。故填visited。
52.句意:武夷山在福建的西北部。in the northwest of为固定搭配,意为“在……的西北部”。故填in。
53.句意:每天,上千人去那里度假。根据“... of people go there on vacation”及所给词可知,此处表示“数以千计的”。thousands of 意为“数以千计的”。故填thousands。
54.句意:我妈妈健忘,所以我爸爸在网上订了三张火车票。分析句子结构可知,was 后接形容词作表语。结合“so my dad booked three train tickets online”及所给词可知,此处表示“健忘的”。故填forgetful。
55.句意:更糟的是,空调出了问题。“there is something wrong with…”为固定句型,意为“……出了问题”。故填 something。
56.句意:火车一到车站,我就飞快地跑了出去。根据“As soon as the train arrived at the ...”可知此处特指“车站”。故填station。
57.句意:一辆旅游巴士把我们带到山脚下。根据下文中的“we finally reached the top of the mountain”可知,旅游巴士把“我们”带到了山脚下。故填foot。
58.句意:我们听到鸟儿在歌唱,并欣赏绿色的树木。hear sb/ sth doing sth意为“听到某人/某物正在做某事”。根据“We heard the birds ...”及所给词可知,此处表示“唱歌”。故填singing。
59.句意:但我觉得太累了, 无法继续骑行。根据“I wanted to give it up.”及所给词可知,“我”太累了,不能继续骑行。此处应用形容词作表语,主语为 I。故填tired。
60.句意:在与各种困难作斗争之后,我们最终到达山顶。根据“fighting ... all kinds of difficulties”可知,此处表示“与各种困难作斗争”,fight against 意为“与……作斗争”。故填against。
61.(v)ictory
【详解】句意:我们将举行一个聚会来庆祝篮球比赛的胜利。根据“We are going to have a party to celebrate the v... of the basketball game.”可知,举行聚会来庆祝篮球比赛的胜利,victory“胜利”符合语境,故填(v)ictory。
62.(f)orget
【详解】句意:我的记忆力像大象一样好,我从来没有忘记过任何事情。根据“I have a memory like an elephant ”可知,记忆力很好,所以空处指从未忘记过任何事,forget“忘记”,主语是I,时态是一般现在时,所以谓语动词用原形,故填(f)orget。
63.easily
【详解】句意:他很聪明,可以很容易地解出这道题。根据句中“He is so clever”和首字母提示可知,应是很容易地解出这道题,故空处应是easily,容易地,副词,修饰动词。故填easily。
64.surprised
【详解】句意:她赢得了才艺比赛,我们并不感到惊讶。 她唱歌很好听。此处作be动词的表语用形容词,且形容人用形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”。故填surprised。
65.victories
【详解】句意:作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语,根据“and facing losses”可知表达庆祝胜利,是复数概念,用复数名词“victories”。故填victories。
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