专题03 Units 3～4 单词短语句型语法（期中复习知识清单）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题03 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法 Unit 3 Comics and animation 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.performance n.表演；演出→ _______v.表演；执行 → _______ n.执行者, 表演者 2.combine v.组合；联合→ _______ n.结合；联合 3._______ n. 主题 4.advanced adj. 先进的 → _______ v. 前进；推进 n. 进步 5.______________ n. 人工智能 6.hero n.男主人公；男主角 → _______ adj. 英雄的 →_______（复数） 7.classic adj. 经典的 → _______ adj. 古典的 8.speech n.讲话 → _______v.说；演讲→ _______ n. 演讲者 9.text n. 正文；文本 → _______ adj. 文本的 10. warning n. 警告；警示 → _______ v. 警告 11. _______ v.当心；注意 12. _______ n.缺口；裂口 13. _______ n.碰撞声；破裂声 14. _______n.海浪；波浪 15._______adj.民间的；民俗的 16.risk n.危险；风险 → _______ adj.冒险的，有风险的 17._______n.皮革 18. advantage n.优点 → _______ adj.有利的 → _______n.劣势,缺点 19.breath n.呼吸的空气 → _______v.呼吸 → _______ adj. 气喘吁吁的 20.element n. 要素；基本部分 → _______ adj. 基本的；自然力的 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.皮影 ________________ 2.水墨画 ________________ 3.显得逼真 ________________ 4.在…… 帮助下 ________________ 5.连环画 ________________ 6.小心；留神 ________________ 7.小心；当心 ________________ 8.天气预报 ________________ 9.救生衣 ________________ 10.谢天谢地 ________________ 11.幸免于难；渡过难关 ________________ 12.追溯到；始于 ________________ 13.对…… 有影响 ________________ 14.民间艺术________________ 15.有危险；冒风险________________ 16.呈…… 形状 ________________ 17.把视线移开 ________________ 18.屏住呼吸 ________________ 19. 既不…… 也不…… ________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.one of + ___________+___________+___________：最……之一 2.It is___________that.. ……不足为奇 3.___________ +句子... 这就是为什么…… 4.to +the +情感名词+ of sb. = ____________________ 令某人……的是 重点句型 1. Chinese animation ____________________ more than 100 years. 中国动画已有 100 多年的历史。 2. This art form____________ modern technology ______________ traditional art techniques. 这种艺术形式将现代技术与传统艺术技巧相结合。 3. In this groundbreaking short film, Zhu Bajie and the other characters____________________ on screen just like ____________________ . 在这部具有开创性的短片中，猪八戒和其他角色在银幕上活灵活现，就像皮影戏一样。 4. This short film ___________________ the famous artist Qi Baishi. 这部短片受到了著名艺术家齐白石的影响。 5. Ancient stories are a common theme, and ___________________ the much-loved characters from the adventure novel Journey to the West often appear in animation. 古代故事是常见的主题，因此深受喜爱的冒险小说《西游记》中的角色经常出现在动画中也就不足为奇了。 6. ___________________the latest computer technology, such as___________________, film-makers are bringing the heroes from classic Chinese stories into the 21st century. 在最新的计算机技术（如人工智能 AI）的帮助下，电影制作人正将中国经典故事中的英雄们带入 21 世纪。 7. The oldest shadow puppet plays in China___________________ over 1,000 years. 中国最古老的皮影戏可追溯到1000 多年前。 8. It ___________________ modern film-making and animation. 它对现代电影制作和动画产生了巨大影响。 9. However, this ancient folk art is___________________, so local artists are trying to save it. 然而，这门古老的民间艺术正面临消亡的风险，因此当地艺术家正努力挽救它。 10. The leather is ___________________people, animals or objects. 皮革被剪成人、动物或物体的形状。 11. The audience ___________________ the puppets,and they ___________________ at exciting moments. 观众目不转睛地盯着木偶，每当精彩瞬间便屏息凝神。 12. However, ______ Wang ________his friends ___________________ let this traditional folk art die out. 然而，王和他的朋友们都不准备让这门传统民间艺术消亡。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一般现在时的被动语态 定义 被动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，中文常表示 “……被……”。 而主动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的发出者。 主动语态：She opens the window every morning. 被动语态：The window is opened by her every morning. 基本构成 be+动词的过去分词 (done) 过去分词变化规律 1. 一般情况下，直接加ed，如work - worked； 2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d，如love - loved； 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i加ed，如study - studied； 4. 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed，如stop - stopped； 5. 不规则变化，如do - done，see - seen，eat - eaten，go - gone，write - written （详见课本P142- P143） 一般现在时的被动语态 肯定句：_____________________________ Many trees are planted every year. 每年很多树被种植。 否定句：_____________________________ Many trees aren’t planted every year. 每年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句：_____________________________ Are many trees planted every year? 每年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句：_____________________________ What are planted every year? 每年什么东西被种植？ 主动语态变被动语态 1. 主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2. 主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语 3. 主动语态的主语变为被动语态中by的宾语 People make shadow puppets.人们制作皮影。 →_____________________________皮影被人们制作。 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道或没必要说明动作的发出者是谁 A tree is often planted in the garden.在花园里，一棵树经常被种植。 （不知道树被谁种） English is spoken around the world.（英语在全世界被使用。） （执行主体“人们”无需明确提及） 2. 强调动作的承受者 This song is usually sung by me.这首歌总是被我唱。（强调“我”唱的歌） 单元写作 本单元的话题围绕 “漫画与动画” 进行展开。我们的写作任务主要是向他人介绍自己喜欢的漫画、动画作品或其中的角色，描述喜欢的原因，可以学习的精神等。也可以为漫画故事设计编写说明文字、对白，或描述一幅漫画并串联成完整故事。 谋篇布局 开头：引出主题，介绍作品/角色 中间：描述内容+分析原因+提炼精神 结尾：总结升华+个人感悟 二、写作通用表达 1. 开头：作品/ 角色介绍 通用句式表达：My favorite cartoon/animation is [作品名]. It tells a story about [主角/主题]. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. My favorite cartoon is Ne Zha. It tells a story about a brave boy who fights against unfair fate. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. 我最喜欢的动画片是《哪吒》，讲述了一个勇敢少年反抗命运不公的故事。从小我就深深爱上了这部作品。 2. 正文 ①简要介绍作品/角色 介绍角色： The main character is [角色名], a/ an+ [性格特点，如 brave/kind/optimistic] boy/girl. He/She always [标志性行为，如 never gives up on his friends]. The main character is Ne Zha, a brave and strong boy. He always tries his best to protect the people he loves. 主人公是英勇强壮的少年哪吒，他总是竭尽全力保护所爱之人。 介绍作品概要： The main idea of the story is that …故事的主旨是…… It shows us that …它向我们展示了…… It tells a story about …它讲述了一个关于…… 的故事。 It is a story about …这是一个关于……的故事。 It tells a story about a brave boy who fights to protect his hometown. 它讲述了一个关于勇敢男孩为保护家乡而战斗的故事。 It shows us that friendship can help us overcome difficulties. 它向我们展示了友谊可以帮助我们战胜困难。 ② 说明喜欢的原因（细节支撑） 原因 1：角色品质 I admire [角色名] most because he/she is very [品质，如 determined]. Once, [举 1 个小例子，如 he failed many times but still tried his best to help his friends]. I admire Ne Zha most because he is very brave.Once, he faced a huge danger alone but still tried to protect the people in the town.我最敬佩哪吒，因为他非常勇敢。有一次，他独自面对巨大危险，却仍坚持保护镇上的百姓。 原因 2：情节/主题 The story also teaches me the importance of [主题，如 teamwork]. In one scene, [描述情节，如 all the characters work together to save their home]. The story also teaches me the importance of courage and self-confidence.In one scene, he refused to give in to his fate and tried his best to change himself. 这个故事还让我明白了勇气和自信的重要性。在某个场景中，他拒绝屈服于命运，竭尽全力改变自我。 ③提炼可学习的精神（升华主题） What I learn most from the story is [精神，如 never giving up]. No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves. What I learn most from the story is the spirit of never giving up.No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves.这个故事让我学到的最重要的是永不放弃的精神。无论处境多么艰难，我们都应该坚持努力并相信自己。 3.结尾：总结与感悟（3 种写法） ①基础版（呼应开头） In short, [作品名] is more than just a cartoon. It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. ②进阶版（联系自身） [作品名] has influenced me a lot. Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of [角色名] and keep going. ③高分版（展望/推荐） I would highly recommend [作品名] to everyone. It is a wonderful story full of love, courage and hope, and it will definitely touch your heart. In short, Ne Zha is more than just a cartoon.It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. 简而言之，《哪吒》绝非一部普通的动画片，它是一个我将永远铭记并从中汲取智慧的故事。 Ne Zha has influenced me a lot.Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of Ne Zha and keep going. 哪吒对我影响很大。每当生活中遇到困难时，我就会想起哪吒并坚持下去。 I would highly recommend Ne Zha to everyone.It is a wonderful story full of love, courage and hope, and it will definitely touch your heart. 我强烈推荐《哪吒》给大家。这是一个充满爱、勇气与希望的精彩故事，一定会深深打动你的心。 三、范文背诵 ① My favorite cartoon is Ne Zha. It tells a story about a boy who fights against his unfair fate. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. The main character is Ne Zha, a brave and strong boy. He always tries his best to protect the people he loves. I admire Ne Zha most because he is very determined. Once, everyone was afraid of him, but he still chose to protect his town. The story also teaches me the importance of courage. In one scene, he fights a big monster to save his friends. What I learn most from the story is the spirit of never giving up. No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves. In short, Ne Zha is more than just a cartoon. It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. ② My favorite animation is Frozen. It tells a story about two sisters and the true meaning of love. It has been my favorite since I was young. The story takes place in a beautiful and cold country. It follows two sisters on an adventure where they meet many challenges. I admire Elsa most because she is brave and kind. Once, she tried her best to control her magic and protect her sister. The story also teaches me the importance of love and family. In one scene, the sisters work together to save their kingdom. What I learn most from the story is that true love can solve all problems. No matter how hard things get, we should love and support our family. Frozen has influenced me a lot. Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of Elsa and keep going. Unit 4 Arts and heritage 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1._______n. 著名画家；绘画大师 2._______ n. 代表作；杰作 3._______ conj. 每当；每次 4._______ adv. 独自 5.copy v. 仿造；临摹 n. 复印件；复制品 →_______n. 抄写员；临摹者 6._______v. 损坏；毁坏 7. separate adj. 不同的；不相关的 → _______ adv. 分别地；单独地 → _______ n. 分离；分开 8. exhibition n. 展览；展出 →_______ v. 展览；展出 n. 展品 9._______ n. 生活方式 10.detail n. 细部；局部 → _______ adj. 详细的 11.require v. 需要 → _______n. 要求；必要条件 12_______ n. 13.priceless adj. 无价的 → _______n. 价格；价值 14.sculpture n. 雕像 → _______ n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 15.unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地 → f_______adj. 幸运的 →_______（反义词：_______ adv. 幸运地） 16.graduate v. 毕业 → _______n. 毕业 17.limit v. 限量；减量 → _______adj. 有限的 → _______ n. 限制；局限 18._______ n. 温度 19.preserve v. 维持…… 的原状；保存 → _______ n. 保存；保护 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 一口气的功夫______________ 有心情 ______________ 向前行；沿......而过 _______________ 完全一致；是....的一部分______________ 紧邻；在......近旁 ______________ 最后；终于 ______________ 各行各业；各界人士 ______________ 一直；始终 ______________ 下定决心 ______________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.______________听说 2. begin ______________ 开始着手、开始从事 3.a world-famous oil painting______________The Starry Night （过去分词做后置定语） 4. 引导的结果状语从句： ①.such+ ______+________+________+ ________... 如此……以至于…… ②.such+________+________/________+ ________t... 如此……以至于…… ③. so+________+_______...如此……以至于…… 5. ________+________...,________+________...：越……，就越…… 重点句型 1. ________ you ________ a world-famous landscape painting named Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? 你听说过那幅名为《富春山居图》的世界著名山水画吗？ 2. Huang was almost eighty years old when he________________ Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. 黄公望开始创作《富春山居图》时已年近八十。 3. He first ________________of the entire painting in one sitting. 他先是一气呵成地完成了整幅画的初稿 4. Over the following years, he then _____________parts __________ it whenever he was in the mood. 在随后的几年里，每当有创作兴致时，他便为画作添补细节。 5. The painting ________________________________ in the mountains. 这幅画带领我们踏上一段令人惊叹的山间之旅。 6. _____ we look carefully, we can see people ______________________________. 如果仔细观察，还能看到远处风景中的人物。 7. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains was ____________________ it was copied by hundreds of artists. 《富春山居图》的艺术魅力如此非凡，以至于数百位艺术家都曾临摹过它。 8. One of the owners liked it __________ he even put it next to himself while sleeping and eating. 其中一位藏家对它爱若至宝，甚至吃饭、睡觉时都将它放在身边。 9. Sometime around 1650,__________ happened: the famous painting __________ fires, and it was split into two pieces. 大约在1650年左右，发生了一些可怕的事情：这幅著名画作在火灾中受损，最终被分成了两半。 10.__________ people call her “the daughter of Dunhuang”. 这就是为什么人们称她为“敦煌的女儿”。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） 定义 被动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，中文常表示 “……被……”。 而主动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的发出者。 主动：He wrote a letter yesterday.他昨天写了一封信。 被动：A letter was written by him yesterday.一封信昨天被他写了。 基本构成 ____________________ 过去分词变化规律 1. 一般情况下，直接加ed，如work - worked； 2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d，如love - loved； 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i加ed，如study - studied； 4. 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed，如stop - stopped； 5. 不规则变化，如do - done，see - seen，eat - eaten，go - gone，write - written （详见课本P142- P143） 一般过去时的被动语态 肯定句：主语 + ____________________( + by sb.) Many trees were planted last year. 去年很多树被种植。 否定句：主语 + ____________________ ( + by sb.) Many trees weren’t planted last year. 去年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句：_______ + 主语 + _____ ( + by sb.)? Were many trees planted last year? 去年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句：________________________ What were planted last year? 去年什么东西被种植? 一般将来时的被动语态 肯定句： ① 主语 + ______________________ ( + by sb.) ② 主语 + _____________________ ( + by sb.) Many trees will be planted next year. Many trees are going to be planted next year. 明年很多树被种植。 否定句： ① 主语 + _____________________ ( + by sb.) ② 主语 + _____________________ ( + by sb.) Many trees won’t be planted next year. Many trees aren’t going to be planted next year. 明年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句： ① _____________________ ② _____________________ Will many trees be planted next year? Are many trees going to be planted next year? 明年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句： ① _____________________ ② _____________________ Where will the trees be planted next year? Where are the trees going to be planted next year? 明年树木将会被种植在哪里? 单元写作 写作目标：写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章 具体要求：了解介绍传统手工艺人的说明文的篇章结构，涵盖人物简介、工作内容及个人观点。 根据所列提纲，写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章。 通过撰写传统手工艺人的故事，增强对传统文化的兴趣，树立保护和传承传统技艺的意识。 通过自评和互评，改进初稿，提升篇章结构、内容细节及语言准确性。 体裁：说明文（人物介绍类短文），要求介绍一位传统手工艺人，契合本单元 “艺术与文化遗产” 的写作主题。 人称：以第三人称（he/she）客观介绍手工艺人，结合第一人称（I）表达个人观点，符合说明 + 抒情的写作场景。 时态：以一般现在时描述手工艺人的日常技艺；用一般过去时被动语态说明技艺的传承背景；用一般将来时被动语态展望技艺的未来，融入本单元重点语法。 谋篇布局 开头 介绍人物相关信息 中间 介绍手工艺人的具体工作、成就等 结尾 发表你的看法 二、写作通用表达 1. 第一段：人物介绍 写作目的：说明手工艺人的基本信息，用被动语态体现 “传承” 属性。 通用表达：___________ is [年龄] years old. She/ He is an inheritor of [技艺：paper-cutting剪纸 embroidery刺绣；shadow puppetry皮影戏；traditional Chinese painting国画...], which was passed down (一般过去时被动) from her grandmother/grandfather. Liu Yang is 56 years old. He is an inheritor of shadow puppetry, which was passed down from his grandfather. 刘阳现年56岁，是影戏技艺的传承人，该技艺由其祖父代代相传。 2. 第二段：技艺描述 写作目的：介绍技艺的工具、过程、作品特色等，融入被动语态（本单元语法）。 通用表达: （1）工具介绍 A set of traditional tools, such as ___________ and ___________, is used for this craft. A set of traditional tools, such as a wooden mallet and stone molds, is used for this craft. 该工艺采用一套传统工具，如木槌和石模。 No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. 未使用现代机械设备，所有操作均采用手工工具完成。 （2）制作过程 ①. 材料预处理 First, the raw material, such as ___________, is ___________ (soaked/cleaned/kneaded) for ___________ (hours/days). First, the raw material, such as bamboo strips, is soaked in water for 3 days. 译：首先，原材料（如竹条）需在水中浸泡 3 天。 The ___________ (material) is carefully selected and sorted before it is used. The cotton cloth is carefully selected and sorted before it is used. 译：棉布在使用前会经过仔细挑选和分类。 ②. 核心制作环节 Then, the material is ___________ (folded/woven/carved) into a basic shape by hand. Then, the red paper is folded into a basic shape by hand. 接着，红纸被手工折成基础形状。 Next, it is ___________ (cut/hammered/dyed) slowly to form detailed patterns. Next, the clay is hammered slowly to form detailed patterns. 接着，黏土被缓慢捶打，形成精细的图案。 ③. 细节与收尾处理 Small details are added, and the work is ___________ (polished/painted/trimmed) to make it smooth and beautiful. Small details are added, and the wooden comb is polished to make it smooth and beautiful. 细节被一一添加，木梳会被打磨得光滑美观。 Finally, the finished work is ___________ (left to dry/air-dried) for ___________ (time). Finally, the finished work is left to dry in the shade for 2 days. 最后，成品会被放在阴凉处晾干 2 天。 （3）作品特色与反响 ①.外观特点： The finished works are known for their ___________ (feature, e.g. bright colors, delicate patterns, smooth texture). The finished works are known for their lively patterns and bright red color. 成品以生动的图案和鲜红色调著称。 ②.受欢迎程度： They are loved by ___________ (people, e.g. local people, tourists, children) of all ages. The works are highly admired by visitors from different places. 这些作品深受各地游客的推崇。 ③.工艺价值： Each piece is unique, so no two works are exactly the same. 每件作品都独具特色，因此不存在完全相同的两件作品。 The hand-made works are different from machine-made ones, as they carry the maker’s care and skill. 手工制品与机器制造品存在本质区别，因其承载着制作者的匠心与技艺。 3. 第三段：个人观点 写作目的：表达个人感受，用将来时被动语态展望传承。 通用表达:I feel/think/believe that this craft______________________________________. I feel/think/believe that this craft is an important part of our cultural heritage. 我认为/觉得/相信这门手艺是我们文化遗产的重要组成部分。 I hope/ believe this skill will be kept alive by more young people in the future. 我衷心希望/相信这项技艺能在未来得到更多年轻人的传承。 I hope/ believe these traditional works will be remembered and passed down to the next generation. 我衷心希望这些传统作品能够被铭记，并传承给下一代。 三、范文背诵 Paper-cutting Master Aunt Wang Aunt Wang is 56 years old. She is an inheritor of paper-cutting, which was passed down from her grandmother. A set of traditional tools, such as scissors and red paper, is used for this craft. No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. First, the paper is folded carefully. Then, it is cut into different beautiful shapes. Next, some small patterns are added by hand. Finally, the whole piece is tidied and made smooth. Her works are lively and delicate, and they are loved by many people. I really enjoy this traditional art. I believe this kind of skill will be protected and passed down to more young people in the future. Bamboo Weaving Master Mr. Zhang Mr. Zhang is 62 years old. He is an inheritor of bamboo weaving, which was passed down from his grandfather. A set of traditional tools, such as a bamboo knife and a weaving needle, is used for this craft. No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. First, the bamboo is cut into thin strips and soaked in water for two days. Then, the strips are dried in the sun and sorted by size. Next, they are woven into different shapes, like baskets and boxes, slowly and carefully. Finally, the finished works are polished to make them smooth. I admire Mr. Zhang’s patience and skill very much. I hope this traditional bamboo weaving skill will be kept alive and passed down to the next generation in the future. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法 Unit 3 Comics and animation 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.performance n.表演；演出→ perform v.表演；执行 → performer n.执行者, 表演者 2.combine v.组合；联合→ combination n.结合；联合 3.theme n. 主题 4.advanced adj. 先进的 → advance v. 前进；推进 n. 进步 5.artificial intelligence n. 人工智能 6.hero n.男主人公；男主角 → heroic adj. 英雄的 →heroes（复数） 7.classic adj. 经典的 → classical adj. 古典的 8.speech n.讲话 → speak v.说；演讲→ speaker n. 演讲者 9.text n. 正文；文本 → textual adj. 文本的 10. warning n. 警告；警示 → warn v. 警告 11. mind v.当心；注意 12. gap n.缺口；裂口 13. crash n.碰撞声；破裂声 14. wave n.海浪；波浪 15.folk adj.民间的；民俗的 16.risk n.危险；风险 → risky adj.冒险的，有风险的 17.leather n.皮革 18. advantage n.优点 → advantageous adj.有利的 → disadvantage n.劣势,缺点 19.breath n.呼吸的空气 → breathe v.呼吸 → breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 20.element n. 要素；基本部分 → elemental adj. 基本的；自然力的 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 1.皮影 shadow puppet 2.水墨画 ink-wash painting 3.显得逼真 come to life 4.在…… 帮助下 with the help of 5.连环画 comic strip 6.小心；留神 watch out 7.小心；当心 look out 8.天气预报 weather forecast 9.救生衣 life jacket 10.谢天谢地 thank goodness 11.幸免于难；渡过难关 make it 12.追溯到；始于 date back 13.对…… 有影响 have an influence on 14.民间艺术 folk art 15.有危险；冒风险 at risk of 16.呈…… 形状 in the shape of 17.把视线移开 take one’s eyes off something 18.屏住呼吸 hold one’s breath 19. 既不…… 也不…… neither…nor… / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.one of + the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数：最……之一 2.It is no surprise that... ……不足为奇 3.That is why+句子... 这就是为什么…… 4.to +the +情感名词+ of sb. = to one’s+情感名词 令某人……的是 重点句型 1. Chinese animation has a history of more than 100 years. 中国动画已有 100 多年的历史。 2. This art form combines modern technology with traditional art techniques. 这种艺术形式将现代技术与传统艺术技巧相结合。 3. In this groundbreaking short film, Zhu Bajie and the other characters come to life on screen just like shadow puppets. 在这部具有开创性的短片中，猪八戒和其他角色在银幕上活灵活现，就像皮影戏一样。 4. This short film was influenced by the famous artist Qi Baishi. 这部短片受到了著名艺术家齐白石的影响。 5. Ancient stories are a common theme, and it is no surprise that the much-loved characters from the adventure novel Journey to the West often appear in animation. 古代故事是常见的主题，因此深受喜爱的冒险小说《西游记》中的角色经常出现在动画中也就不足为奇了。 6. With the help of the latest computer technology, such as artificial intelligence (AI), film-makers are bringing the heroes from classic Chinese stories into the 21st century. 在最新的计算机技术（如人工智能 AI）的帮助下，电影制作人正将中国经典故事中的英雄们带入 21 世纪。 7. The oldest shadow puppet plays in China date back over 1,000 years. 中国最古老的皮影戏可追溯到1000 多年前。 8. It has had a huge influence on modern film-making and animation. 它对现代电影制作和动画产生了巨大影响。 9. However, this ancient folk art is at risk of dying out, so local artists are trying to save it. 然而，这门古老的民间艺术正面临消亡的风险，因此当地艺术家正努力挽救它。 10. The leather is cut in the shape of people, animals or objects. 皮革被剪成人、动物或物体的形状。 11. The audience can’t take their eyes off the puppets,and they hold their breath at exciting moments. 观众目不转睛地盯着木偶，每当精彩瞬间便屏息凝神。 12. However, neither Wang nor his friends are prepared to let this traditional folk art die out. 然而，王和他的朋友们都不准备让这门传统民间艺术消亡。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一般现在时的被动语态 定义 被动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，中文常表示 “……被……”。 而主动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的发出者。 主动语态：She opens the window every morning. 被动语态：The window is opened by her every morning. 基本构成 be+动词的过去分词 (done) 过去分词变化规律 1. 一般情况下，直接加ed，如work - worked； 2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d，如love - loved； 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i加ed，如study - studied； 4. 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed，如stop - stopped； 5. 不规则变化，如do - done，see - seen，eat - eaten，go - gone，write - written （详见课本P142- P143） 一般现在时的被动语态 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + done ( + by sb.) Many trees are planted every year. 每年很多树被种植。 否定句：主语 + am/is/are not + done ( + by sb.) Many trees aren’t planted every year. 每年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done ( + by sb.)? Are many trees planted every year? 每年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + done ( + by sb.)? What are planted every year? 每年什么东西被种植？ 主动语态变被动语态 1. 主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2. 主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语 3. 主动语态的主语变为被动语态中by的宾语 People make shadow puppets.人们制作皮影。 →Shadow puppets are made by people.皮影被人们制作。 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道或没必要说明动作的发出者是谁 A tree is often planted in the garden.在花园里，一棵树经常被种植。 （不知道树被谁种） English is spoken around the world.（英语在全世界被使用。） （执行主体“人们”无需明确提及） 2. 强调动作的承受者 This song is usually sung by me.这首歌总是被我唱。（强调“我”唱的歌） 单元写作 本单元的话题围绕 “漫画与动画” 进行展开。我们的写作任务主要是向他人介绍自己喜欢的漫画、动画作品或其中的角色，描述喜欢的原因，可以学习的精神等。也可以为漫画故事设计编写说明文字、对白，或描述一幅漫画并串联成完整故事。 谋篇布局 开头：引出主题，介绍作品/角色 中间：描述内容+分析原因+提炼精神 结尾：总结升华+个人感悟 二、写作通用表达 1. 开头：作品/ 角色介绍 通用句式表达：My favorite cartoon/animation is [作品名]. It tells a story about [主角/主题]. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. My favorite cartoon is Ne Zha. It tells a story about a brave boy who fights against unfair fate. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. 我最喜欢的动画片是《哪吒》，讲述了一个勇敢少年反抗命运不公的故事。从小我就深深爱上了这部作品。 2. 正文 ①简要介绍作品/角色 介绍角色： The main character is [角色名], a/ an+ [性格特点，如 brave/kind/optimistic] boy/girl. He/She always [标志性行为，如 never gives up on his friends]. The main character is Ne Zha, a brave and strong boy. He always tries his best to protect the people he loves. 主人公是英勇强壮的少年哪吒，他总是竭尽全力保护所爱之人。 介绍作品概要： The main idea of the story is that …故事的主旨是…… It shows us that …它向我们展示了…… It tells a story about …它讲述了一个关于…… 的故事。 It is a story about …这是一个关于……的故事。 It tells a story about a brave boy who fights to protect his hometown. 它讲述了一个关于勇敢男孩为保护家乡而战斗的故事。 It shows us that friendship can help us overcome difficulties. 它向我们展示了友谊可以帮助我们战胜困难。 ② 说明喜欢的原因（细节支撑） 原因 1：角色品质 I admire [角色名] most because he/she is very [品质，如 determined]. Once, [举 1 个小例子，如 he failed many times but still tried his best to help his friends]. I admire Ne Zha most because he is very brave.Once, he faced a huge danger alone but still tried to protect the people in the town.我最敬佩哪吒，因为他非常勇敢。有一次，他独自面对巨大危险，却仍坚持保护镇上的百姓。 原因 2：情节/主题 The story also teaches me the importance of [主题，如 teamwork]. In one scene, [描述情节，如 all the characters work together to save their home]. The story also teaches me the importance of courage and self-confidence.In one scene, he refused to give in to his fate and tried his best to change himself. 这个故事还让我明白了勇气和自信的重要性。在某个场景中，他拒绝屈服于命运，竭尽全力改变自我。 ③提炼可学习的精神（升华主题） What I learn most from the story is [精神，如 never giving up]. No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves. What I learn most from the story is the spirit of never giving up.No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves.这个故事让我学到的最重要的是永不放弃的精神。无论处境多么艰难，我们都应该坚持努力并相信自己。 3.结尾：总结与感悟（3 种写法） ①基础版（呼应开头） In short, [作品名] is more than just a cartoon. It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. ②进阶版（联系自身） [作品名] has influenced me a lot. Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of [角色名] and keep going. ③高分版（展望/推荐） I would highly recommend [作品名] to everyone. It is a wonderful story full of love, courage and hope, and it will definitely touch your heart. In short, Ne Zha is more than just a cartoon.It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. 简而言之，《哪吒》绝非一部普通的动画片，它是一个我将永远铭记并从中汲取智慧的故事。 Ne Zha has influenced me a lot.Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of Ne Zha and keep going. 哪吒对我影响很大。每当生活中遇到困难时，我就会想起哪吒并坚持下去。 I would highly recommend Ne Zha to everyone.It is a wonderful story full of love, courage and hope, and it will definitely touch your heart. 我强烈推荐《哪吒》给大家。这是一个充满爱、勇气与希望的精彩故事，一定会深深打动你的心。 三、范文背诵 ① My favorite cartoon is Ne Zha. It tells a story about a boy who fights against his unfair fate. I have been in love with it since I was a kid. The main character is Ne Zha, a brave and strong boy. He always tries his best to protect the people he loves. I admire Ne Zha most because he is very determined. Once, everyone was afraid of him, but he still chose to protect his town. The story also teaches me the importance of courage. In one scene, he fights a big monster to save his friends. What I learn most from the story is the spirit of never giving up. No matter how hard things get, we should keep trying and believe in ourselves. In short, Ne Zha is more than just a cartoon. It is a story that I will always remember and learn from. ② My favorite animation is Frozen. It tells a story about two sisters and the true meaning of love. It has been my favorite since I was young. The story takes place in a beautiful and cold country. It follows two sisters on an adventure where they meet many challenges. I admire Elsa most because she is brave and kind. Once, she tried her best to control her magic and protect her sister. The story also teaches me the importance of love and family. In one scene, the sisters work together to save their kingdom. What I learn most from the story is that true love can solve all problems. No matter how hard things get, we should love and support our family. Frozen has influenced me a lot. Whenever I face difficulties in my life, I will think of Elsa and keep going. Unit 4 Arts and heritage 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.master n. 著名画家；绘画大师 2.masterpiece n. 代表作；杰作 3.whenever conj. 每当；每次 4.alone adv. 独自 5.copy v. 仿造；临摹 n. 复印件；复制品 → copyist n. 抄写员；临摹者 6.damage v. 损坏；毁坏 7. separate adj. 不同的；不相关的 → separately adv. 分别地；单独地 → separation n. 分离；分开 8. exhibition n. 展览；展出 → exhibit v. 展览；展出 n. 展品 9.lifestyle n. 生活方式 10.detail n. 细部；局部 → detailed adj. 详细的 11.require v. 需要 → requirement n. 要求；必要条件 12.daughter n. 13.priceless adj. 无价的 → price n. 价格；价值 14.sculpture n. 雕像 → sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 15.unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地 → fortunate adj. 幸运的 → unfortunately（反义词：fortunately adv. 幸运地） 16.graduate v. 毕业 → graduation n. 毕业 17.limit v. 限量；减量 → limited adj. 有限的 → limitation n. 限制；局限 18.temperature n. 温度 19.preserve v. 维持…… 的原状；保存 → preservation n. 保存；保护 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 一口气的功夫 in one sitting 有心情 in the mood 向前行；沿......而过 pass along 完全一致；是....的一部分 be at one with... 紧邻；在......近旁 next to 最后；终于 at last 各行各业；各界人士 all walks of life 一直；始终 all the time 下定决心 make up one’s mind / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.hear about/of 听说 2. begin working on 开始着手、开始从事 3.a world-famous oil painting named The Starry Night （过去分词做后置定语） 4. 引导的结果状语从句： ①.such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+ that... 如此……以至于…… ②.such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ that... 如此……以至于…… ③. so+形容词/副词+.that...如此……以至于…… 5. the+比较级..., the+比较级...：越……，就越…… 重点句型 1. Have you heard about a world-famous landscape painting named Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? 你听说过那幅名为《富春山居图》的世界著名山水画吗？ 2. Huang was almost eighty years old when he began working on Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. 黄公望开始创作《富春山居图》时已年近八十。 3. He first made a rough drawing of the entire painting in one sitting. 他先是一气呵成地完成了整幅画的初稿 4. Over the following years, he then added parts to it whenever he was in the mood. 在随后的几年里，每当有创作兴致时，他便为画作添补细节。 5. The painting takes us on a breathtaking journey in the mountains. 这幅画带领我们踏上一段令人惊叹的山间之旅。 6. If we look carefully, we can see people far away in the landscape. 如果仔细观察，还能看到远处风景中的人物。 7. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains was such an amazing painting that it was copied by hundreds of artists. 《富春山居图》的艺术魅力如此非凡，以至于数百位艺术家都曾临摹过它。 8. One of the owners liked it so much that he even put it next to himself while sleeping and eating. 其中一位藏家对它爱若至宝，甚至吃饭、睡觉时都将它放在身边。 9. Sometime around 1650, something terrible happened: the famous painting was damaged by fires, and it was split into two pieces. 大约在1650年左右，发生了一些可怕的事情：这幅著名画作在火灾中受损，最终被分成了两半。 10.That’s why people call her “the daughter of Dunhuang”. 这就是为什么人们称她为“敦煌的女儿”。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 被动语态（一般过去时和一般将来时） 定义 被动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，中文常表示 “……被……”。 而主动语态表示句子中的主语是动作的发出者。 主动：He wrote a letter yesterday.他昨天写了一封信。 被动：A letter was written by him yesterday.一封信昨天被他写了。 基本构成 be + 动词的过去分词 (done) 过去分词变化规律 1. 一般情况下，直接加ed，如work - worked； 2. 以不发音的e结尾，加d，如love - loved； 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i加ed，如study - studied； 4. 重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed，如stop - stopped； 5. 不规则变化，如do - done，see - seen，eat - eaten，go - gone，write - written （详见课本P142- P143） 一般过去时的被动语态 肯定句：主语 + was/were + done ( + by sb.) Many trees were planted last year. 去年很多树被种植。 否定句：主语 + was/were not + done ( + by sb.) Many trees weren’t planted last year. 去年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + done ( + by sb.)? Were many trees planted last year? 去年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + done ( + by sb.)? What were planted last year? 去年什么东西被种植? 一般将来时的被动语态 肯定句： ① 主语 + will + be done ( + by sb.) ② 主语 + am/is/are going to + be done ( + by sb.) Many trees will be planted next year. Many trees are going to be planted next year. 明年很多树被种植。 否定句： ① 主语 + will not + be done ( + by sb.) ② 主语 + am/is/are not going to + be done ( + by sb.) Many trees won’t be planted next year. Many trees aren’t going to be planted next year. 明年没有很多树被种植。 一般疑问句： ① Will + 主语 + be done ( + by sb.)? ② Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + be done ( + by sb.)? Will many trees be planted next year? Are many trees going to be planted next year? 明年很多树被种植吗? 特殊疑问句： ① 疑问词 + will + 主语 + be done ( + by sb.)? ② 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to + be done ( + by sb.)? Where will the trees be planted next year? Where are the trees going to be planted next year? 明年树木将会被种植在哪里? 单元写作 写作目标：写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章 具体要求：了解介绍传统手工艺人的说明文的篇章结构，涵盖人物简介、工作内容及个人观点。 根据所列提纲，写一篇关于传统手工艺人的文章。 通过撰写传统手工艺人的故事，增强对传统文化的兴趣，树立保护和传承传统技艺的意识。 通过自评和互评，改进初稿，提升篇章结构、内容细节及语言准确性。 体裁：说明文（人物介绍类短文），要求介绍一位传统手工艺人，契合本单元 “艺术与文化遗产” 的写作主题。 人称：以第三人称（he/she）客观介绍手工艺人，结合第一人称（I）表达个人观点，符合说明 + 抒情的写作场景。 时态：以一般现在时描述手工艺人的日常技艺；用一般过去时被动语态说明技艺的传承背景；用一般将来时被动语态展望技艺的未来，融入本单元重点语法。 谋篇布局 开头 介绍人物相关信息 中间 介绍手工艺人的具体工作、成就等 结尾 发表你的看法 二、写作通用表达 1. 第一段：人物介绍 写作目的：说明手工艺人的基本信息，用被动语态体现 “传承” 属性。 通用表达：___________ is [年龄] years old. She/ He is an inheritor of [技艺：paper-cutting剪纸 embroidery刺绣；shadow puppetry皮影戏；traditional Chinese painting国画...], which was passed down (一般过去时被动) from her grandmother/grandfather. Liu Yang is 56 years old. He is an inheritor of shadow puppetry, which was passed down from his grandfather. 刘阳现年56岁，是影戏技艺的传承人，该技艺由其祖父代代相传。 2. 第二段：技艺描述 写作目的：介绍技艺的工具、过程、作品特色等，融入被动语态（本单元语法）。 通用表达: （1）工具介绍 A set of traditional tools, such as ___________ and ___________, is used for this craft. A set of traditional tools, such as a wooden mallet and stone molds, is used for this craft. 该工艺采用一套传统工具，如木槌和石模。 No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. 未使用现代机械设备，所有操作均采用手工工具完成。 （2）制作过程 ①. 材料预处理 First, the raw material, such as ___________, is ___________ (soaked/cleaned/kneaded) for ___________ (hours/days). First, the raw material, such as bamboo strips, is soaked in water for 3 days. 译：首先，原材料（如竹条）需在水中浸泡 3 天。 The ___________ (material) is carefully selected and sorted before it is used. The cotton cloth is carefully selected and sorted before it is used. 译：棉布在使用前会经过仔细挑选和分类。 ②. 核心制作环节 Then, the material is ___________ (folded/woven/carved) into a basic shape by hand. Then, the red paper is folded into a basic shape by hand. 接着，红纸被手工折成基础形状。 Next, it is ___________ (cut/hammered/dyed) slowly to form detailed patterns. Next, the clay is hammered slowly to form detailed patterns. 接着，黏土被缓慢捶打，形成精细的图案。 ③. 细节与收尾处理 Small details are added, and the work is ___________ (polished/painted/trimmed) to make it smooth and beautiful. Small details are added, and the wooden comb is polished to make it smooth and beautiful. 细节被一一添加，木梳会被打磨得光滑美观。 Finally, the finished work is ___________ (left to dry/air-dried) for ___________ (time). Finally, the finished work is left to dry in the shade for 2 days. 最后，成品会被放在阴凉处晾干 2 天。 （3）作品特色与反响 ①.外观特点： The finished works are known for their ___________ (feature, e.g. bright colors, delicate patterns, smooth texture). The finished works are known for their lively patterns and bright red color. 成品以生动的图案和鲜红色调著称。 ②.受欢迎程度： They are loved by ___________ (people, e.g. local people, tourists, children) of all ages. The works are highly admired by visitors from different places. 这些作品深受各地游客的推崇。 ③.工艺价值： Each piece is unique, so no two works are exactly the same. 每件作品都独具特色，因此不存在完全相同的两件作品。 The hand-made works are different from machine-made ones, as they carry the maker’s care and skill. 手工制品与机器制造品存在本质区别，因其承载着制作者的匠心与技艺。 3. 第三段：个人观点 写作目的：表达个人感受，用将来时被动语态展望传承。 通用表达:I feel/think/believe that this craft______________________________________. I feel/think/believe that this craft is an important part of our cultural heritage. 我认为/觉得/相信这门手艺是我们文化遗产的重要组成部分。 I hope/ believe this skill will be kept alive by more young people in the future. 我衷心希望/相信这项技艺能在未来得到更多年轻人的传承。 I hope/ believe these traditional works will be remembered and passed down to the next generation. 我衷心希望这些传统作品能够被铭记，并传承给下一代。 三、范文背诵 Paper-cutting Master Aunt Wang Aunt Wang is 56 years old. She is an inheritor of paper-cutting, which was passed down from her grandmother. A set of traditional tools, such as scissors and red paper, is used for this craft. No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. First, the paper is folded carefully. Then, it is cut into different beautiful shapes. Next, some small patterns are added by hand. Finally, the whole piece is tidied and made smooth. Her works are lively and delicate, and they are loved by many people. I really enjoy this traditional art. I believe this kind of skill will be protected and passed down to more young people in the future. Bamboo Weaving Master Mr. Zhang Mr. Zhang is 62 years old. He is an inheritor of bamboo weaving, which was passed down from his grandfather. A set of traditional tools, such as a bamboo knife and a weaving needle, is used for this craft. No modern machines are used; all the work is done with hand tools. First, the bamboo is cut into thin strips and soaked in water for two days. Then, the strips are dried in the sun and sorted by size. Next, they are woven into different shapes, like baskets and boxes, slowly and carefully. Finally, the finished works are polished to make them smooth. I admire Mr. Zhang’s patience and skill very much. I hope this traditional bamboo weaving skill will be kept alive and passed down to the next generation in the future. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $