热点06 航空与航天（热点专练）（安徽专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

热点06 航空与航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01 2026年我国“夸父七号”探日任务取得关键突破 时讯02 美国SpaceX星舰完成首次载人绕月试飞 时讯03 中国空间站完成梦天实验舱拓展载荷安装 时讯04 全球商业航天发射量再创新高，亚轨道旅游商业化提速 时讯05 中国首架国产宽体客机C929完成首次高空试飞 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01 2026年我国“夸父七号”探日任务取得关键突破 2026年央视春晚节目《九天探日》中，展示了“夸父七号”太阳探测卫星传回的首张全日面紫外成像图，该卫星实现了对太阳耀斑爆发的实时监测与预警，展现了我国太阳物理研究与深空探测技术的突破性进展，也让大众直观感受到中国航天在太阳探索领域的硬核实力。 时讯02 美国SpaceX星舰完成首次载人绕月试飞 2026年3月，SpaceX星舰搭载4名宇航员完成为期14天的月球绕地飞行任务，测试了星舰的生命保障系统与月球轨道对接技术，为2027年阿尔忒弥斯3号载人登月任务奠定基础，标志着商业航天主导的月球探测时代加速到来。 时讯03 中国空间站完成梦天实验舱拓展载荷安装 2026年4月，我国航天员通过出舱作业，成功完成中国空间站梦天实验舱20余项拓展载荷的安装与调试，涵盖空间生命科学、微重力物理等领域，这些载荷将开展多项高价值空间实验，进一步提升空间站的综合应用能力。 时讯04 全球商业航天发射量再创新高，亚轨道旅游商业化提速 2026年第一季度，全球商业航天发射次数同比增长35%，其中亚马逊、马斯克等企业的低轨卫星组网发射占比超60%；同时，英国维珍银河、美国蓝色起源等企业完成多批次亚轨道旅游飞行，太空旅游产业从试点阶段加速走向商业化运营。 时讯05 中国首架国产宽体客机C929完成首次高空试飞 2026年5月，中俄联合研制的C929宽体客机完成首次高空试飞，本次试飞验证了飞机在万米高空的飞行性能、动力系统匹配度及航电设备稳定性，标志着国产大飞机家族填补宽体机型空白迈出关键一步，未来将主要服务于国际远程航线市场。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、完形填空 （25-26九年级下·安徽铜陵·月考）When we mention space, we usually think of rockets and stars. But now, Chinese scientists are thinking about building gardens in the air. For future long trips to Mars, astronauts cannot bring all the food from 1 . It costs too much money and the spaceship has limited (有限的) room. This is a serious 2 . So, before we go further into the universe, we must learn to 3 vegetables in the space station. However, space gardening is not easy. The biggest challenge is gravity (重力). On the ground, water goes down into the soil. But in space, water floats (漂浮) 4 like small balls. If astronauts are not careful, the water might damage (损坏) the machines. Light is another matter. In space, the sun rises and sets many times a day. To 5 this, scientists use special LED lights. These lights create a “sun” for the plants to ensure they get enough light. China has done a good job in this field. Astronauts on the Tiangong Space Station have successfully grown and eaten 6 lettuce and tomatoes. They said the vegetables tasted delicious. Besides providing food, plants also provide clean 7 for astronauts to breathe. What’s more, looking at green leaves makes them feel 8 and less lonely. It reminds them of their beautiful home. Space farming is 9 for humans to explore the universe. It serves as a symbol of 10 in the cold, dark sky. It shows that life can continue anywhere. 1．A．Earth B．rush C．sand D．farm 2．A．chance B．choice C．problem D．plan 3．A．find B．carry C．cook D．grow 4．A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere 5．A．deal with B．agree with C．connect with D．compare with 6．A．fresh B．expensive C．dry D．hot 7．A．space B．wind C．air D．smoke 8．A．nervous B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 9．A．possible B．difficult C．responsible D．necessary 10．A．hope B．power C．peace D．courage （25-26九年级上·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） Can anyone be an astronaut? Of course not. You don’t have to have a science degree (学位) but most astronauts do. Most of them are pilots too. Life in a spaceship is 1 so you must have a healthy body and mind. What’s the training like? People have to train for a year to 2 how to stay healthy and safe. They practice space walking and living in zero gravity. Everyday activities 3 eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship. There is no running water 4 you have to wash with wet tissues (纸巾); it’s hard to enjoy the 5 food that astronauts have to eat. And to sleep you have to tie yourself to 6 so you don’t fly away! What health problem do astronauts have? Life in zero gravity 7 changes to our bodies. Bones and muscles (肌肉) become thin and weak so you must do a lot of 8 in space to stay fit. Astronauts often get backache. It’s also 9 to have headaches and to feel sick. Are you still interested? So now you know. If you want to go to space, study hard, learn to fly and 10 your body and mind. 1．A．boring B．hard C．simple D．wonderful 2．A．decide B．wonder C．think D．learn 3．A．from B．in C．like D．of 4．A．as B．but C．if D．so 5．A．dry B．fresh C．local D．nice 6．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something 7．A．accepts B．causes C．expresses D．shows 8．A．exercise B．reading C．sightseeing D．work 9．A．impossible B．difficult C．common D．strange 10．A．be faithful to B．be unaware of C．keep away from D．take care of 二、阅读理解 （2026·安徽芜湖·一模）In a Beijing lab, a mother mouse is taking care of her newborn babies. This looks like a common scene, but it is actually very special. Why? Because this mother mouse just came back from a two-week stay on China’s space station—and she is the first mouse to have babies after a space trip in China’s space history. The story began on October 31, 2025. Four mice went to space on the Shenzhou-21 trip. They lived in a small home on the China Space Station for about 14 days. But things did not go as planned. The mice were supposed to come back on time, but there was a change of plan. This meant the mice faced a big problem: their food was running out. Back on Earth, scientists quickly took action. They made an emergency plan. Astronauts on the space station shared some of their own food with the mice—soy milk! This simple drink kept the mice healthy until they finally came back to Earth on November 14. Then something amazing happened. One of the female mice was found to have babies. On December 10—less than a month after returning—she gave birth to nine tiny pups. Sadly, three did not live, but six did and are doing well. Scientists are very happy. “This shows that a short trip to space did not seem to hurt the mouse’s ability to have babies,” said a researcher. These six pups are very special. They give scientists a rare chance to study if growing up in space can change later generations. 1．What problem did the mice face during their stay in space? A．They lost their way home. B．They had no place to live. C．They became seriously ill. D．Their food was running out. 2．Why does the writer especially mention “soy milk” in Paragraph 3? A．To prove it is healthy for both astronauts and mice. B．To show how quickly scientists solved the food problem. C．To tell readers what astronauts eat in space. D．To introduce a new kind of space food. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The four mice stayed in space for about 14 days. B．The mice returned to Earth on the same day they went to space. C．The mother mouse gave birth to nine babies and all of them lived. D．Scientists gave soy milk to the mice after they came back to Earth. （25-26九年级上·安徽阜阳·期末）What is it like to exercise in space? Simple things can be harder in microgravity (微重力) environment, while difficult tasks might suddenly be a breeze. A video shows that Zhai Zhigang, one of the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII spaceship, is practicing tai chi with flowing movements (流畅的动作). The three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu successfully finished their six-month mission (任务) to build the space station and returned to the Earth on April 16th, 2022. Chinese people have long been wondering what really goes on inside the space station. While people were still surprised by Wang Yaping’s zero-gravity hairstyle, Zhai showed his “flying” skills and was clearly very good at it. 　▲　 The tradition of Chinese astronauts practicing tai chi started in 2012 when the country’s Shenzhou IX astronaut Liu Yang first did so in space and she said it was a comfortable experience. Before returning from the Shenzhou XII mission in September, astronaut Nie Haisheng also practiced tai chi in the Tianhe core module during an Earth-space video call with Hong Kong youths. For space travelers, doing exercise is important. They must exercise to counter (抵消) the gravity-free conditions as the experience of “muscle and bone loss (肌肉和骨质流失)” in space will influence their health and ability to work in the long term. Besides doing tai chi, Chinese astronauts also play table tennis, ride a bike and run on a treadmill (踏步机) to help train their breathing. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The underlined part “a breeze” in the first paragraph may mean “________”. A．something popular B．something simple C．something impossible D．something difficult 2．Which of the following sentences can be put into “　▲　”? A．Zhai was not the first who practiced tai chi in a spaceship. B．Actually, no Chinese astronaut has ever done that before. C．Many astronauts followed Zhai to practice tai chi later. D．In fact, Zhai had no idea how to practice tai chi before. 3．What is the advantage of doing exercise in space for astronauts? A．Allowing them to kill time when they feel very bored. B．Helping them to live with gravity in the space station. C．Allowing them to work faster and harder in space. D．Helping them keep away from muscle and bone loss. 4．The fourth paragraph mainly introduces ________. A．the reason how gravity comes into being B．the exercise astronauts do in spaceship C．the importance of having strong muscles D．the necessity of doing exercise in space 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．The purpose of the Shenzhou XIII mission isn’t mentioned. B．Nie Haisheng found the practice of doing tai chi very comfortable. C．Chinese people are interested in astronauts’ life in space. D．Nie Haisheng is the first astronaut who practiced tai chi in space in the world. （25-26九年级上·安徽亳州·期末）Airshow China: A Dream of Blue Sky ①The 15th Airshow (航展) China closed in Zhuhai on November 17th. In the six-day event, 1,022 exhibitors (参展商) took part and 247 activities were held. ②Some star products at the event this year include the J-35 A, J-15 T and HQ-19. The Y-20 aircraft (运输机) and the Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples (样品), were on show to the public. We Chinese all know the tale of “Chang’e Flying to the Moon”. Now, visitors to the event will be able to see the samples up close. People felt pride for our nation when they saw the lunar sample. China’s ancient dream of flight has come true. ③It is said that China will require quite a number of different unmanned planes over the next 20 years. So other eye-catchers include flying cars. It will not be long before people can experience flying cars. ④From the Wright brothers’ first airplane in 1903 to today, a little over a century has passed. It’s been just over half a century since humans landed on the moon. This rapid technological development shows the power of dreaming and exploring. Nothing is impossible if we work hard to make it happen. 1．When did the 15th Airshow China begin? A．On November 10th.B．On November 12th.C．On November 15th. D．On November 16th. 2．To Chinese, Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples really means that ________. A．we know the secrets on the moon B．we can grow crops on the moon C．China is the first country to get to the moon D．China has finally made its dream come true 3．How long has it been since humans landed on the moon? A．Over 100 years. B．Over 20 years. C．Over 50 years. D．Over 247 years. 4．The writer’s main purpose of the passage is to show ________. A．the power of dreaming, exploring and working hard B．the power of the Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples C．the power of high-tech planes and rockets D．the power of our country and our army （25-26九年级上·安徽宿州·月考）On a bright morning, the Long March-2F carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship lifted off smoothly from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. As the rocket flew into the sky, cheers filled the control room. The successful launch marked a new milestone in China’s manned space program. The Shenzhou-21 mission sent three astronauts to the Tiangong Space Station, where they would stay for six months. Their main tasks included doing scientific experiments in the microgravity environment, upgrading the station’s equipment, and carrying out spacewalks to install new devices. What made this mission special was a student-developed experiment on plant growth in space, which aimed to encourage more young people to love science and space exploration. Behind this success were countless days of hard work by the research and development team. They overcame many technical challenges and did hundreds of tests to ensure the mission’s safety. The Shenzhou-21 mission also showed China’s idea of peaceful space exploration—it planned to work with scientists from other countries on some projects, proving that space is a shared treasure for all humans. This mission is not just a step forward in space technology. It also tells us that with perseverance and innovation, we can turn our space dreams into reality. 1．What were the main tasks of the Shenzhou-21 astronauts? A．Staying in the space station for one year B．Cooperating with international scientists only C．Developing a plant-growth experiment with students D．Doing experiments, upgrading equipment and installing devices 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．The student experiment was designed by the mission’s research team B．The Long March-2F rocket has never failed in any launch mission C．The Shenzhou-21 mission reflects China’s concept of peaceful space exploration D．The astronauts’ six-month stay is the longest in China’s space history 3．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A Student’s Space Experiment B．The Long March-2F Carrier Rocket C．Shenzhou-21: A Great Step in Space Exploration D．International Cooperation in Space （25-26九年级上·安徽安庆·月考）The Shenzhou-15 astronauts Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu sent their Spring Festival greetings from China’s Tiangong space station in a video on New Year’s Eve. The astronauts showed their own calligraphy (书法) in blue clothes. Two pieces of paper were written with the Chinese character “fu”, meaning good luck and best wishes from Tiangong. “Wearing new clothes, eating dumplings and sending wishes-the festival customs are the same here,” said Zhang Lu. At the same time, the astronauts have decorated the space station with red couplets (对联) and Chinese knots (结). “I believe that, at the moment, many people are working like us. In fact, it is also a kind of happiness,” said Deng. He continued to say that each person’s dreams and efforts can get together into a huge force to push the country’s development. Fei Junlong wished the country and people to have peace and happiness. In another video also showed the astronauts gave out 40 paintings drawn by children in a “space painting exhibition” as a New Year gift to all the Chinese people. The paintings were brought into space with the Shenzhou-15 task on Nov.29 last year. They show the children’s expectations on the country’s rapid development and space exploration (探索). The Shenzhou-15 astronauts successfully finished the last stage of the space station building. During their six-month stay in space, the Shenzhou-15 astronauts will carry out more than 40 experiments and tests. They are about the space science research and application (应用), space medicine and space technology. Although they were tired, they were happy and proud. 1．What did the Shenzhou-15 astronauts do on New Year’s Eve? A．Carried out an experiment. B．Drew some pictures for children. C．Sent their Spring Festival wishes. D．Gave students a lesson in the space station. 2．What does the underlined word “decorated” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．made... useful B．made...big C．made...bright D．made...beautiful 3．What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． （2025·安徽合肥·三模）China’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. It is also a place for astronauts to live and work. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out! For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is some fitness equipment (健身设备) in the space station such as an exercise bike for riding, a treadmill (跑步机) for running and so on. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise. Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station? How do they keep themselves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a unique bathroom. Astronauts can wipe (擦) themselves clean with a wet towel. What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it. What if astronauts miss their families? There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have private “sky-to-earth” calls with their families. Usually, the astronauts wear a headset (耳机). It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position. 1．What is the use of China’s Tiangong space station? A．To help scientists study the earth. B．To help astronauts travel in space. C．As a place for astronauts to live and work. D．As a place for people to have classes about space. 2．What CAN’T you see in Tiangong space station? A．Fitness equipment.B．A bathroom. C．A special “fridge”. D．A library. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Astronauts can do some exercise in the space station. B．There is nearly nothing to eat in the space station. C．Astronauts have no way to keep themselves clean. D．Astronauts can just talk with each other by wearing a headset. 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Study on space. B．Lives in the space station. C．Work of the astronauts. D．Exercise in the space station. （2026·河北邯郸·一模）A team of Chinese scientists has created a six-legged “space mining robot”, which gets its design from insects. This robot could be used to find and mine (开采) resources (资源) on the Moon in the future. Mining on the Moon is very different from mining on Earth. The Moon’s gravity (重力) is only one-sixth of Earth’s. This makes it hard for robots to do surface-penetrating (表面穿透) operations there. To solve this problem, the researchers from the China University of Mining and Technology studied carefully how insects move. Using the study results, they created the six-legged “space mining robot”. The robot, which has three wheel legs and three claw (爪形) legs, can move on different surfaces. The wheels work well on smooth ground, while the claw legs help make the soil soft. The wheels are made of a special kind of material, which allows them to quickly return to their shape after being pressed. This also helps the robot stand up to both very high and low temperatures in space. As China continues its Moon project, robots like this could be very useful. China plans to send the Chang’e 7 probe (探测器) to the Moon around 2026 to study the Moon’s south pole (南极). Chang’e 8 will be sent around 2028 to test how to use the Moon’s resources. Together with Chang’e 7, it will help build an international Moon research base (基地) by 2035. 1．What is the main challenge for robots to mine on the Moon? A．The weak gravity on the Moon. B．The difficulty in finding resources. C．The high cost of traveling in space. D．The great need of energy for operating them. 2．What can we know about the material of the robot’s wheels? A．It doesn’t need any repairs. B．It is heavier than common materials. C．It can deal with temperature changes. D．It can only work on one kind of surface. 3．What will Chang’e 7 and Chang’e 8 cooperate to do? A．To test new kinds of robots. B．To train astronauts’ skills. C．To find more Moon resources. D．To set up a research base on the Moon. 4．Where does this text probably come from? A．A short novel about mining in space. B．A travel guidebook about the Moon. C．A science magazine on new robots. D．A report about China’s space history. 三、任务型阅读 （24-25九年级上·安徽淮南·期中）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。 On May 30, 2023, China’s Shenzhou-16 spacecraft flew to its space station. Among the three astronauts, a new face has attracted a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a professor at Beihang University. Born in 1986 in Shidian, Yunnan Province, Gui grew up in a common family. When he was in primary school, he was known for asking lots of questions. There were only a few books available to him in the rural school, but he spent much of his free time exploring the unknown world within the books. In high school, Gui was always the first to arrive at the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night. His interest in aerospace began at the age of 17. That year, Shenzhou-5 was successfully sent into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space. Gui studied even harder. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to learn aircraft design and engineering. To achieve his dream, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees at Beihang University. Then he worked abroad for three years as a postdoctoral researcher. After returning to China, he began teaching and doing research at Beihang University. Now, Gui Haichao’s dream of exploring space has come true. He has become the first Chinese civilian astronaut as well as China’s first payload (载荷) expert to enter space. 1．When did Gui Haichao fall in love with aerospace? (不超过5个词) 2．Who became China’s first astronaut in space? (不超过10个词) 3．What can we learn from Gui Haichao’s story? (不超过15个词) 四、书面表达 1．（2026九年级·安徽·专题练习）假定你是李辉，你校在4月24日举办了“校园航天日”主题活动来激发你们对太空的兴趣。请你结合下图信息，给英国笔友David写一封邮件，分享此次活动的过程和感受。 注意： 1.邮件须包含上述要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数80～100 (开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 Dear David, How are you doing? I’m writing to share an unforgettable activity with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 2．（2025·福建厦门·二模）假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点06 航空与航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01 2026年我国“夸父七号”探日任务取得关键突破 时讯02 美国SpaceX星舰完成首次载人绕月试飞 时讯03 中国空间站完成梦天实验舱拓展载荷安装 时讯04 全球商业航天发射量再创新高，亚轨道旅游商业化提速 时讯05 中国首架国产宽体客机C929完成首次高空试飞 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01 2026年我国“夸父七号”探日任务取得关键突破 2026年央视春晚节目《九天探日》中，展示了“夸父七号”太阳探测卫星传回的首张全日面紫外成像图，该卫星实现了对太阳耀斑爆发的实时监测与预警，展现了我国太阳物理研究与深空探测技术的突破性进展，也让大众直观感受到中国航天在太阳探索领域的硬核实力。 时讯02 美国SpaceX星舰完成首次载人绕月试飞 2026年3月，SpaceX星舰搭载4名宇航员完成为期14天的月球绕地飞行任务，测试了星舰的生命保障系统与月球轨道对接技术，为2027年阿尔忒弥斯3号载人登月任务奠定基础，标志着商业航天主导的月球探测时代加速到来。 时讯03 中国空间站完成梦天实验舱拓展载荷安装 2026年4月，我国航天员通过出舱作业，成功完成中国空间站梦天实验舱20余项拓展载荷的安装与调试，涵盖空间生命科学、微重力物理等领域，这些载荷将开展多项高价值空间实验，进一步提升空间站的综合应用能力。 时讯04 全球商业航天发射量再创新高，亚轨道旅游商业化提速 2026年第一季度，全球商业航天发射次数同比增长35%，其中亚马逊、马斯克等企业的低轨卫星组网发射占比超60%；同时，英国维珍银河、美国蓝色起源等企业完成多批次亚轨道旅游飞行，太空旅游产业从试点阶段加速走向商业化运营。 时讯05 中国首架国产宽体客机C929完成首次高空试飞 2026年5月，中俄联合研制的C929宽体客机完成首次高空试飞，本次试飞验证了飞机在万米高空的飞行性能、动力系统匹配度及航电设备稳定性，标志着国产大飞机家族填补宽体机型空白迈出关键一步，未来将主要服务于国际远程航线市场。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、完形填空 （25-26九年级下·安徽铜陵·月考）When we mention space, we usually think of rockets and stars. But now, Chinese scientists are thinking about building gardens in the air. For future long trips to Mars, astronauts cannot bring all the food from 1 . It costs too much money and the spaceship has limited (有限的) room. This is a serious 2 . So, before we go further into the universe, we must learn to 3 vegetables in the space station. However, space gardening is not easy. The biggest challenge is gravity (重力). On the ground, water goes down into the soil. But in space, water floats (漂浮) 4 like small balls. If astronauts are not careful, the water might damage (损坏) the machines. Light is another matter. In space, the sun rises and sets many times a day. To 5 this, scientists use special LED lights. These lights create a “sun” for the plants to ensure they get enough light. China has done a good job in this field. Astronauts on the Tiangong Space Station have successfully grown and eaten 6 lettuce and tomatoes. They said the vegetables tasted delicious. Besides providing food, plants also provide clean 7 for astronauts to breathe. What’s more, looking at green leaves makes them feel 8 and less lonely. It reminds them of their beautiful home. Space farming is 9 for humans to explore the universe. It serves as a symbol of 10 in the cold, dark sky. It shows that life can continue anywhere. 1．A．Earth B．rush C．sand D．farm 2．A．chance B．choice C．problem D．plan 3．A．find B．carry C．cook D．grow 4．A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere 5．A．deal with B．agree with C．connect with D．compare with 6．A．fresh B．expensive C．dry D．hot 7．A．space B．wind C．air D．smoke 8．A．nervous B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 9．A．possible B．difficult C．responsible D．necessary 10．A．hope B．power C．peace D．courage 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国科学家在空间站进行太空种植的研究，包括面临的挑战、已取得的成果以及太空种植的意义。 1．句意：对于未来前往火星的长途旅行，宇航员无法从地球携带所有食物。 此处指从地球前往火星的长途旅行，所以携带的食物也应来自地球，应填Earth“地球”。 2．句意：这是一个严重的问题。 前文提到“运粮花费高、飞船空间有限”，说明这是一个严重的问题，problem“问题”符合语境。 3．句意：所以，在我们进一步探索宇宙之前，我们必须学会在空间站里种植蔬菜。 既然不能带足够食物，就需要学会在空间站自己种植蔬菜，grow vegetables意为“种植蔬菜”，符合文章主题“space gardening”。 4．句意：但在太空中，水会像小球一样到处漂浮。 太空失重，水会像小球一样到处漂浮，everywhere表示“处处、到处”，符合失重场景的描述。anywhere“无论何处”多用于否定和疑问句，somewhere“某个地方”、nowhere“无处”不符合句意。 5．句意：为了处理这个问题，科学家使用特殊的LED灯。 前文提到光照是另一个问题，此处介绍解决方法，deal with意为“处理、应对”，符合语境。 6．句意：天宫空间站上的宇航员已经成功种植并吃到了新鲜的生菜和西红柿。 根据上下文，宇航员在空间站种植蔬菜并食用，且下文说“The vegetables tasted delicious.”，因此应是新鲜的生菜和西红柿，fresh“新鲜的”符合语境。 7．句意：除了提供食物，植物还为宇航员提供清洁的空气供其呼吸。 供宇航员呼吸用的指的应是空气，air“空气”符合语境。 8．句意：此外，看着绿色的叶子让他们感到放松，不那么孤独。 空格处与“less lonely”并列，描述绿色植物对人的积极作用，relaxed“放松的”符合语境。 9．句意：太空农业对于人类探索宇宙是必要的。 为了长途太空旅行，人类必须学会在太空种植食物，因此太空农业是必要的，necessary“必要的”符合语境。 10．句意：在寒冷、黑暗的天空中，它象征着希望。 后文提到“它证明生命可以在任何地方延续”，这说明太空农业象征着希望，hope“希望”符合语境。 （25-26九年级上·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） Can anyone be an astronaut? Of course not. You don’t have to have a science degree (学位) but most astronauts do. Most of them are pilots too. Life in a spaceship is 1 so you must have a healthy body and mind. What’s the training like? People have to train for a year to 2 how to stay healthy and safe. They practice space walking and living in zero gravity. Everyday activities 3 eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship. There is no running water 4 you have to wash with wet tissues (纸巾); it’s hard to enjoy the 5 food that astronauts have to eat. And to sleep you have to tie yourself to 6 so you don’t fly away! What health problem do astronauts have? Life in zero gravity 7 changes to our bodies. Bones and muscles (肌肉) become thin and weak so you must do a lot of 8 in space to stay fit. Astronauts often get backache. It’s also 9 to have headaches and to feel sick. Are you still interested? So now you know. If you want to go to space, study hard, learn to fly and 10 your body and mind. 1．A．boring B．hard C．simple D．wonderful 2．A．decide B．wonder C．think D．learn 3．A．from B．in C．like D．of 4．A．as B．but C．if D．so 5．A．dry B．fresh C．local D．nice 6．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something 7．A．accepts B．causes C．expresses D．shows 8．A．exercise B．reading C．sightseeing D．work 9．A．impossible B．difficult C．common D．strange 10．A．be faithful to B．be unaware of C．keep away from D．take care of 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了成为一个宇航员的条件，宇航员是怎样训练和生活的以及宇航员可能会出现的健康问题。 1．句意：在宇宙飞船里生活很艰苦，所以你必须拥有健康的身体和良好的心态。 boring无聊的；hard艰苦的；simple简单的；wonderful美妙的。根据“Life in a spaceship is...so you must have a healthy body and mind.”可知，在宇宙飞船里生活很艰苦，故选B。 2．句意： 人们需要进行一年的训练，才能学会如何保持健康和安全。 decide决定；wonder想知道；think思考；learn学习。根据“People have to train for a year to...how to stay healthy and safe.”可知，训练后才能学会如何保持健康和安全，故选D。 3．句意： 在宇宙飞船上，诸如吃饭、洗澡和睡觉等日常活动都会变得很困难。 from来自；in在……里；like比如；of关于。根据“Everyday activities...eating, washing and sleeping...”可知，此处在举例说明日常活动，故选C。 4．句意： 这里没有自来水，所以你得用湿纸巾来洗手；而且要享受宇航员所必须食用的干燥食物也很难做到。 as因为；but但是；if如果；so所以。因果关系。根据“There is no running water...you have to wash with wet tissues (纸巾)”可知，前后构成因果关系，前因后果，用so连接。故选D。 5．句意：这里没有自来水，所以你得用湿纸巾来洗手；而且要享受宇航员所必须食用的干燥食物也很难做到。 dry干燥的；fresh新鲜的；local当地的；nice好的。根据“it’s hard to enjoy the...food that astronauts have to eat”可知，太空食品很干燥，故选A。 6．句意：而且睡觉的时候，你还得把自己绑在某个东西上，以免飞出去！ anything任何东西；everything一切；nothing没有东西；something某物。根据“And to sleep you have to tie yourself to...so you don’t fly away!”可知，睡觉的时候你还得把自己绑在某个东西上，故选D。 7．句意：在零重力环境下生活会导致我们的身体发生变化。 accepts接受；causes引起；expresses表达；shows展示。根据“Life in zero gravity...changes to our bodies.”可知，在零重力环境下生活会导致我们的身体发生变化，故选B。 8．句意：骨骼和肌肉会变得纤细且脆弱，所以在太空中你必须进行大量的运动来保持健康。 exercise运动；reading阅读；sightseeing观光；work工作。根据“Bones and muscles (肌肉) become thin and weak so you must do a lot of...in space to stay fit.”可知，在太空中必须进行大量的运动才能保持健康，故选A。 9．句意：出现头痛和身体不适的情况也是很常见的。 impossible不可能的；difficult困难的；common常见的；strange奇怪的。根据“It’s also...to have headaches and to feel sick.”可知，出现头痛和身体不适的情况也是很常见的。故选C。 10．句意： 如果你想进入太空，就得努力学习，学会飞行，并照顾好自己的身体和精神状态。 be faithful to忠诚于；be unaware of没意识到；keep away from远离；take care of照顾。根据“If you want to go to space, study hard, learn to fly and...your body and mind.”可知，要照顾好自己的身体和精神状态，故选D。 二、阅读理解 （2026·安徽芜湖·一模）In a Beijing lab, a mother mouse is taking care of her newborn babies. This looks like a common scene, but it is actually very special. Why? Because this mother mouse just came back from a two-week stay on China’s space station—and she is the first mouse to have babies after a space trip in China’s space history. The story began on October 31, 2025. Four mice went to space on the Shenzhou-21 trip. They lived in a small home on the China Space Station for about 14 days. But things did not go as planned. The mice were supposed to come back on time, but there was a change of plan. This meant the mice faced a big problem: their food was running out. Back on Earth, scientists quickly took action. They made an emergency plan. Astronauts on the space station shared some of their own food with the mice—soy milk! This simple drink kept the mice healthy until they finally came back to Earth on November 14. Then something amazing happened. One of the female mice was found to have babies. On December 10—less than a month after returning—she gave birth to nine tiny pups. Sadly, three did not live, but six did and are doing well. Scientists are very happy. “This shows that a short trip to space did not seem to hurt the mouse’s ability to have babies,” said a researcher. These six pups are very special. They give scientists a rare chance to study if growing up in space can change later generations. 1．What problem did the mice face during their stay in space? A．They lost their way home. B．They had no place to live. C．They became seriously ill. D．Their food was running out. 2．Why does the writer especially mention “soy milk” in Paragraph 3? A．To prove it is healthy for both astronauts and mice. B．To show how quickly scientists solved the food problem. C．To tell readers what astronauts eat in space. D．To introduce a new kind of space food. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The four mice stayed in space for about 14 days. B．The mice returned to Earth on the same day they went to space. C．The mother mouse gave birth to nine babies and all of them lived. D．Scientists gave soy milk to the mice after they came back to Earth. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了四只小鼠随神舟二十一号进入中国空间站，因计划调整面临食物短缺，宇航员用豆浆帮助它们渡过难关，其中一只母鼠返回地球后成功繁殖后代，为太空繁育研究提供了重要样本的故事。 1．第二段指出：“their food was running out”，直接说明小鼠在太空面临的问题是食物即将耗尽。 2．第三段提到科学家迅速制定应急方案，宇航员分享自己的豆浆给小鼠，以此体现科学家快速解决了小鼠的食物问题。 3．第二段表明“Four mice went to space on the Shenzhou-21 trip. They lived in a small home on the China Space Station for about 14 days”，说明四只小鼠在太空停留了大约14天，该表述正确。 （25-26九年级上·安徽阜阳·期末）What is it like to exercise in space? Simple things can be harder in microgravity (微重力) environment, while difficult tasks might suddenly be a breeze. A video shows that Zhai Zhigang, one of the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII spaceship, is practicing tai chi with flowing movements (流畅的动作). The three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu successfully finished their six-month mission (任务) to build the space station and returned to the Earth on April 16th, 2022. Chinese people have long been wondering what really goes on inside the space station. While people were still surprised by Wang Yaping’s zero-gravity hairstyle, Zhai showed his “flying” skills and was clearly very good at it. 　▲　 The tradition of Chinese astronauts practicing tai chi started in 2012 when the country’s Shenzhou IX astronaut Liu Yang first did so in space and she said it was a comfortable experience. Before returning from the Shenzhou XII mission in September, astronaut Nie Haisheng also practiced tai chi in the Tianhe core module during an Earth-space video call with Hong Kong youths. For space travelers, doing exercise is important. They must exercise to counter (抵消) the gravity-free conditions as the experience of “muscle and bone loss (肌肉和骨质流失)” in space will influence their health and ability to work in the long term. Besides doing tai chi, Chinese astronauts also play table tennis, ride a bike and run on a treadmill (踏步机) to help train their breathing. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The underlined part “a breeze” in the first paragraph may mean “________”. A．something popular B．something simple C．something impossible D．something difficult 2．Which of the following sentences can be put into “　▲　”? A．Zhai was not the first who practiced tai chi in a spaceship. B．Actually, no Chinese astronaut has ever done that before. C．Many astronauts followed Zhai to practice tai chi later. D．In fact, Zhai had no idea how to practice tai chi before. 3．What is the advantage of doing exercise in space for astronauts? A．Allowing them to kill time when they feel very bored. B．Helping them to live with gravity in the space station. C．Allowing them to work faster and harder in space. D．Helping them keep away from muscle and bone loss. 4．The fourth paragraph mainly introduces ________. A．the reason how gravity comes into being B．the exercise astronauts do in spaceship C．the importance of having strong muscles D．the necessity of doing exercise in space 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．The purpose of the Shenzhou XIII mission isn’t mentioned. B．Nie Haisheng found the practice of doing tai chi very comfortable. C．Chinese people are interested in astronauts’ life in space. D．Nie Haisheng is the first astronaut who practiced tai chi in space in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了中国航天员在太空的锻炼情况，重点提及练习太极，同时说明了太空锻炼的重要性及多种锻炼方式。 1．第一段第二句“Simple things can be harder in microgravity (微重力) environment, while difficult tasks might suddenly be a breeze.”，用while表对比，前半句说“简单的事在微重力下会变难”，后半句与之相反，困难的事会变成“简单的事”。 2．第一段最后一句“Zhai Zhigang, one of the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII spaceship, is practicing tai chi...”和第三段“The tradition of Chinese astronauts practicing tai chi started in 2012 when the country’s Shenzhou IX astronaut Liu Yang first did so in space...Shenzhou XII...astronaut Nie Haisheng also practiced tai chi”，空后内容介绍了中国航天员练太极的传统始于2012年(刘洋)，之后聂海胜也在太空练过，这说明“翟志刚不是第一个在太空练太极的人”。 3．倒数第二段“They must exercise to counter (抵消)...‘muscle and bone loss (肌肉和骨质流失)’...”，锻炼是为了“抵消肌肉和骨质流失”。 4．第四段开头点明“For space travelers, doing exercise is important.”，随后解释了原因：在微重力环境下会出现肌肉和骨质流失，长期影响健康和工作能力，因此必须锻炼。整段核心是说明“在太空锻炼的必要性”。 5．第二段“Chinese people have long been wondering what really goes on inside the space station.”，中国民众对航天员在太空的生活很感兴趣。 （25-26九年级上·安徽亳州·期末）Airshow China: A Dream of Blue Sky ①The 15th Airshow (航展) China closed in Zhuhai on November 17th. In the six-day event, 1,022 exhibitors (参展商) took part and 247 activities were held. ②Some star products at the event this year include the J-35 A, J-15 T and HQ-19. The Y-20 aircraft (运输机) and the Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples (样品), were on show to the public. We Chinese all know the tale of “Chang’e Flying to the Moon”. Now, visitors to the event will be able to see the samples up close. People felt pride for our nation when they saw the lunar sample. China’s ancient dream of flight has come true. ③It is said that China will require quite a number of different unmanned planes over the next 20 years. So other eye-catchers include flying cars. It will not be long before people can experience flying cars. ④From the Wright brothers’ first airplane in 1903 to today, a little over a century has passed. It’s been just over half a century since humans landed on the moon. This rapid technological development shows the power of dreaming and exploring. Nothing is impossible if we work hard to make it happen. 1．When did the 15th Airshow China begin? A．On November 10th.B．On November 12th.C．On November 15th. D．On November 16th. 2．To Chinese, Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples really means that ________. A．we know the secrets on the moon B．we can grow crops on the moon C．China is the first country to get to the moon D．China has finally made its dream come true 3．How long has it been since humans landed on the moon? A．Over 100 years. B．Over 20 years. C．Over 50 years. D．Over 247 years. 4．The writer’s main purpose of the passage is to show ________. A．the power of dreaming, exploring and working hard B．the power of the Chang’e-6 mission lunar samples C．the power of high-tech planes and rockets D．the power of our country and our army 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍第十五届中国航展在珠海举办，展示多款先进装备与月球样品，体现科技发展与梦想探索的力量。 1．细节理解题。根据“The 15th Airshow China closed in Zhuhai on November 17th. In the six-day event...”可知，航展为期六天，11月17日结束，由此推算开始时间为11月12日，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“We Chinese all know the tale of ‘Chang’e Flying to the Moon’....when they saw the lunar sample. China’s ancient dream of flight has come true”可知，嫦娥六号月球样品意味着中国实现了古老的飞天梦想，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It’s been just over half a century since humans landed on the moon.”可知，人类登月已有半个多世纪，也就是超过50年，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“This rapid technological development shows the power of dreaming and exploring. Nothing is impossible if we work hard to make it happen”可知，作者写作目的是展现梦想、探索和努力的力量，故选A。 （25-26九年级上·安徽宿州·月考）On a bright morning, the Long March-2F carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship lifted off smoothly from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. As the rocket flew into the sky, cheers filled the control room. The successful launch marked a new milestone in China’s manned space program. The Shenzhou-21 mission sent three astronauts to the Tiangong Space Station, where they would stay for six months. Their main tasks included doing scientific experiments in the microgravity environment, upgrading the station’s equipment, and carrying out spacewalks to install new devices. What made this mission special was a student-developed experiment on plant growth in space, which aimed to encourage more young people to love science and space exploration. Behind this success were countless days of hard work by the research and development team. They overcame many technical challenges and did hundreds of tests to ensure the mission’s safety. The Shenzhou-21 mission also showed China’s idea of peaceful space exploration—it planned to work with scientists from other countries on some projects, proving that space is a shared treasure for all humans. This mission is not just a step forward in space technology. It also tells us that with perseverance and innovation, we can turn our space dreams into reality. 1．What were the main tasks of the Shenzhou-21 astronauts? A．Staying in the space station for one year B．Cooperating with international scientists only C．Developing a plant-growth experiment with students D．Doing experiments, upgrading equipment and installing devices 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．The student experiment was designed by the mission’s research team B．The Long March-2F rocket has never failed in any launch mission C．The Shenzhou-21 mission reflects China’s concept of peaceful space exploration D．The astronauts’ six-month stay is the longest in China’s space history 3．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A Student’s Space Experiment B．The Long March-2F Carrier Rocket C．Shenzhou-21: A Great Step in Space Exploration D．International Cooperation in Space 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了搭载神舟二十一号载人飞船的长征二号F运载火箭成功发射，介绍了神舟二十一号宇航员的主要任务，以及此次任务所体现的中国和平探索太空的理念。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Their main tasks included doing scientific experiments in the microgravity environment, upgrading the station’s equipment, and carrying out spacewalks to install new devices.”可知，神舟二十一号宇航员的主要任务包括在微重力环境下进行科学实验、升级空间站的设备以及进行太空行走安装新设备。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The Shenzhou-21 mission also showed China’s idea of peaceful space exploration—it planned to work with scientists from other countries on some projects, proving that space is a shared treasure for all humans.”可知，神舟二十一号任务体现了中国和平探索太空的理念，计划与其他国家的科学家在一些项目上进行合作，证明太空是全人类共享的财富。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The successful launch marked a new milestone in China’s manned space program.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了神舟二十一号载人飞船的成功发射以及这次任务的重要意义，是中国太空探索的一大步。因此，C选项“神舟二十一号：太空探索的一大步”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 （25-26九年级上·安徽安庆·月考）The Shenzhou-15 astronauts Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu sent their Spring Festival greetings from China’s Tiangong space station in a video on New Year’s Eve. The astronauts showed their own calligraphy (书法) in blue clothes. Two pieces of paper were written with the Chinese character “fu”, meaning good luck and best wishes from Tiangong. “Wearing new clothes, eating dumplings and sending wishes-the festival customs are the same here,” said Zhang Lu. At the same time, the astronauts have decorated the space station with red couplets (对联) and Chinese knots (结). “I believe that, at the moment, many people are working like us. In fact, it is also a kind of happiness,” said Deng. He continued to say that each person’s dreams and efforts can get together into a huge force to push the country’s development. Fei Junlong wished the country and people to have peace and happiness. In another video also showed the astronauts gave out 40 paintings drawn by children in a “space painting exhibition” as a New Year gift to all the Chinese people. The paintings were brought into space with the Shenzhou-15 task on Nov.29 last year. They show the children’s expectations on the country’s rapid development and space exploration (探索). The Shenzhou-15 astronauts successfully finished the last stage of the space station building. During their six-month stay in space, the Shenzhou-15 astronauts will carry out more than 40 experiments and tests. They are about the space science research and application (应用), space medicine and space technology. Although they were tired, they were happy and proud. 1．What did the Shenzhou-15 astronauts do on New Year’s Eve? A．Carried out an experiment. B．Drew some pictures for children. C．Sent their Spring Festival wishes. D．Gave students a lesson in the space station. 2．What does the underlined word “decorated” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．made... useful B．made...big C．made...bright D．made...beautiful 3．What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了神舟十五号航天员费俊龙、邓清明、张陆在除夕夜从天宫空间站通过视频发送春节祝福，并介绍了他们送祝福的具体方式、所带儿童画作的意义，以及他们完成的空间站建造任务和后续将开展的实验。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou-15 astronauts Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu sent their Spring Festival greetings from China’s Tiangong space station in a video on New Year’s Eve.”可知，神舟十五号航天员在除夕夜通过视频发送了春节祝福。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“At the same time, the astronauts have decorated the space station with red couplets (对联) and Chinese knots (结).”可知，航天员用红色对联和中国结装饰空间站，红色对联和中国结是用于美化环境的物品，由此可推测“decorated”意为“使……变漂亮”。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第1段介绍神舟十五号航天员在除夕夜发送春节祝福；第2-4段具体描述航天员送祝福的方式，包括展示书法、装饰空间站、举办太空画展等；第5段介绍航天员完成的任务及后续计划。文章结构为“总述（第1段）—分述（第2-4段）—补充说明（第5段）”。故选A。 （2025·安徽合肥·三模）China’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. It is also a place for astronauts to live and work. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out! For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is some fitness equipment (健身设备) in the space station such as an exercise bike for riding, a treadmill (跑步机) for running and so on. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise. Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station? How do they keep themselves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a unique bathroom. Astronauts can wipe (擦) themselves clean with a wet towel. What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool in it. What if astronauts miss their families? There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have private “sky-to-earth” calls with their families. Usually, the astronauts wear a headset (耳机). It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position. 1．What is the use of China’s Tiangong space station? A．To help scientists study the earth. B．To help astronauts travel in space. C．As a place for astronauts to live and work. D．As a place for people to have classes about space. 2．What CAN’T you see in Tiangong space station? A．Fitness equipment.B．A bathroom. C．A special “fridge”. D．A library. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Astronauts can do some exercise in the space station. B．There is nearly nothing to eat in the space station. C．Astronauts have no way to keep themselves clean. D．Astronauts can just talk with each other by wearing a headset. 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Study on space. B．Lives in the space station. C．Work of the astronauts. D．Exercise in the space station. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. It is also a place for astronauts to live and work.”可知，中国天宫空间站是宇航员生活和工作的地方。故选C。 2． 细节理解题。根据第二段“There is some fitness equipment in the space station such as an exercise bike for riding, a treadmill for running and so on.”，第三段“Tiangong has a unique bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel.”，第四段“There is a special “fridge” to store the food.”和选项可知，天宫空间站有健身器材、浴室、特别的“冰箱”，没有提到图书馆。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“ Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is some fitness equipment in the space station such as an exercise bike for riding, a treadmill for running and so on. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.”以及选项可知，宇航员可以在空间站进行一些锻炼。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out!”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。故选B。 （2026·河北邯郸·一模）A team of Chinese scientists has created a six-legged “space mining robot”, which gets its design from insects. This robot could be used to find and mine (开采) resources (资源) on the Moon in the future. Mining on the Moon is very different from mining on Earth. The Moon’s gravity (重力) is only one-sixth of Earth’s. This makes it hard for robots to do surface-penetrating (表面穿透) operations there. To solve this problem, the researchers from the China University of Mining and Technology studied carefully how insects move. Using the study results, they created the six-legged “space mining robot”. The robot, which has three wheel legs and three claw (爪形) legs, can move on different surfaces. The wheels work well on smooth ground, while the claw legs help make the soil soft. The wheels are made of a special kind of material, which allows them to quickly return to their shape after being pressed. This also helps the robot stand up to both very high and low temperatures in space. As China continues its Moon project, robots like this could be very useful. China plans to send the Chang’e 7 probe (探测器) to the Moon around 2026 to study the Moon’s south pole (南极). Chang’e 8 will be sent around 2028 to test how to use the Moon’s resources. Together with Chang’e 7, it will help build an international Moon research base (基地) by 2035. 1．What is the main challenge for robots to mine on the Moon? A．The weak gravity on the Moon. B．The difficulty in finding resources. C．The high cost of traveling in space. D．The great need of energy for operating them. 2．What can we know about the material of the robot’s wheels? A．It doesn’t need any repairs. B．It is heavier than common materials. C．It can deal with temperature changes. D．It can only work on one kind of surface. 3．What will Chang’e 7 and Chang’e 8 cooperate to do? A．To test new kinds of robots. B．To train astronauts’ skills. C．To find more Moon resources. D．To set up a research base on the Moon. 4．Where does this text probably come from? A．A short novel about mining in space. B．A travel guidebook about the Moon. C．A science magazine on new robots. D．A report about China’s space history. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国科学家设计的一款六足“太空采矿机器人”，其设计灵感源自昆虫，可用于未来月球资源开采，并介绍了月球采矿的特殊性、机器人的构造及中国嫦娥七号和八号探测器的相关计划。 1．第二段指出挑战：“The Moon’s gravity is only one-sixth of Earth’s. This makes it hard for robots to do surface-penetrating operations there”，这直接说明机器人在月球采矿的主要挑战是月球的弱重力。 2．第三段说明材料特性：“The wheels are made of a special kind of material... This also helps the robot stand up to both very high and low temperatures in space”，说明该材料能应对温度变化。 3．第四段指出合作任务：“Together with Chang’e 7, it will help build an international Moon research base by 2035”，其中“it”指代嫦娥八号，说明嫦娥七号和八号将合作在月球建立研究基地。 4．全文围绕新型太空采矿机器人展开，介绍其设计背景、功能及相关太空计划，结合说明文的科普属性，可判断文本大概率来自介绍新机器人的科学杂志，对应第四题的选项逻辑。 三、任务型阅读 （24-25九年级上·安徽淮南·期中）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。 On May 30, 2023, China’s Shenzhou-16 spacecraft flew to its space station. Among the three astronauts, a new face has attracted a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a professor at Beihang University. Born in 1986 in Shidian, Yunnan Province, Gui grew up in a common family. When he was in primary school, he was known for asking lots of questions. There were only a few books available to him in the rural school, but he spent much of his free time exploring the unknown world within the books. In high school, Gui was always the first to arrive at the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night. His interest in aerospace began at the age of 17. That year, Shenzhou-5 was successfully sent into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space. Gui studied even harder. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to learn aircraft design and engineering. To achieve his dream, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees at Beihang University. Then he worked abroad for three years as a postdoctoral researcher. After returning to China, he began teaching and doing research at Beihang University. Now, Gui Haichao’s dream of exploring space has come true. He has become the first Chinese civilian astronaut as well as China’s first payload (载荷) expert to enter space. 1．When did Gui Haichao fall in love with aerospace? (不超过5个词) 2．Who became China’s first astronaut in space? (不超过10个词) 3．What can we learn from Gui Haichao’s story? (不超过15个词) 【答案】1．At the age of 17./When he was 17. 2．Yang Liwei. 3．Where there is a will, there is a way. 【导语】本文介绍了桂海潮如何实现了探索太空的梦想。 1．根据“His interest in acrospace began at the age of 17.”可知，他对航天的兴趣始于17岁。故填At the age of 17./When he was 17. 2．根据“That year, Shenzhou-5 was successfully sent into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space.”可知，杨利伟是中国的第一个太空宇航员。故填Yang Liwei. 3．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Where there is a will, there is a way. 四、书面表达 1．（2026九年级·安徽·专题练习）假定你是李辉，你校在4月24日举办了“校园航天日”主题活动来激发你们对太空的兴趣。请你结合下图信息，给英国笔友David写一封邮件，分享此次活动的过程和感受。 注意： 1.邮件须包含上述要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数80～100 (开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 Dear David, How are you doing? I’m writing to share an unforgettable activity with you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】例文 Dear David, How are you doing? I’m writing to share an unforgettable activity with you. In order to make us show an interest in space, my school held an activity named School Space Day in our school hall on April 24. First, we attended a lecture given by a well-known space expert at 10 a.m. During the lecture, we had a deep understanding of the secrets of space. Then, we visited a space exhibition at 2 p.m. There, we saw some spacesuits at close quarters and learned about the history of human space exploration by watching some videos. One of my favorite parts was taking part in the water rocket launching contest at 4 p.m. What made it special was that it enabled us to express our creativity. The activity not only taught us about the mysteries of space and broadened our horizons, but also brought science to life. Looking forward to hearing about your recent interesting activities as well. Yours, Li Hui 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本题是一封电子邮件； ②时态：本文用一般现在时和一般过去时； ③提示：给英国笔友David写一封邮件，介绍“校园航天日”主题活动，分享此次活动的过程和感受，需要遵照所给要求，信息覆盖全面，适当补充细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，问候，引出下文； 第二步，介绍“校园航天日”主题活动的过程； 第三步，分享自己在这次活动中的感受和收获。 [亮点词汇] ①in order to… 为了…… ②take part in… 参加…… ③look forward to… 期待…… [高分句型] ①What made it special was that it enabled us to express our creativity.（主语从句和表语从句） ②The activity not only taught us about the mysteries of space and broadened our horizons, but also brought science to life.（not only…but also…引导的并列结构） 2．（2025·福建厦门·二模）假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】例文 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. Let me share my daily life on the space station. In the morning, I exercise with special machines to stay healthy. Eating in space is interesting! Our food comes in special bags, and we need to hold them tightly to avoid floating away. Sleeping here is fun, too. I sleep in a sleeping bag tied to the wall! During work hours, I do experiments and sometimes go for spacewalks. It feels like flying! After work, I read books or talk with my family through video calls. Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. My life here is busy but meaningful. I feel proud to be part of this journey. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，根据提示信息写作，可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，根据提示信息介绍在太空站的一天； 第三步，分享感受。 [亮点词汇] ①stay healthy保持健康 ②avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ③talk with和……交谈 [高分句型] ①Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. (though引导的让步状语从句) 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $