小升初语法介词（课件）-2025-2026学年通用版英语六年级下册

介 词 目录 一 介词的概念 二 介词的分类 一 介词的概念 介词的概念：用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的词。 介词的分类 表示地点和方位的介词 表示时间的介词 表示方式的介词 其他常见介词 介词 常见介词短语 表示地点和方位的介词 1 at, in表示地点 at表示在…….地点，通常指某一点的位置， 表示小地方也用at in表示“在……内”，通常指一个（有场、宽、高的）立体地方，还可指比较大的地方 He is going to wait for me at the gate of the Youth Palace. I will arrive in Beijing next week. 表示地点和方位的介词 2 in, on, to表示方位 in表示某一区域之内的某方位（属于该范围） on表示与某地相邻或接壤的关系 Shanghai is in the east of China. Hunan is on the east of Guizhou to表示在某一地域之外的某方位（不属于该范围），不接壤。 England is to the west of France 表示地点和方位的介词 3 on, over, above, under, below等表示方位 on表示“在….平面上”，强调在物体上面，并且 与之接触 over表示“在……上方”，没有接触面，主要强调在某一物体的正上方 The book is on the desk. There is a bridge over the river. above表示在…….的上方，没有接触面，不一定在正上方，也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。 The plane is flying above the clouds. 表示地点和方位的介词 3 on, over, above, under, below等表示方位 under表示在…..的下方，强调正下方，over的反义词。 below表示在….的下方，不一定是正下方，也可指温度、海拔等的刻度。 The children are under the tree. Write your name below the line. before指空间的顺序，此时可以与in front of通用。 The man is standing before the blackboard. 表示地点和方位的介词 3 on, over, above, under, below等表示方位 after指空间的前后可以与behind通用 in front of表示在某一空间外部的前面。 You can go after me. There is a car in front of the house. between指在两者之间 He is standing between you and me. 表示地点和方位的介词 3 on, over, above, under, below等表示方位 among用于三个或三个以上的人或物之间，或笼统的 一群人或一些物之中 round\around基本通用，指围绕某一位置或物体 His father gave him six apples. There was a bad one among them I’ll take you round the town. 表示地点和方位的介词 4 across, through, along, past, up, down, from, to, into, out of等表示空间运动方向 across表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的，意为 “横穿、横过”指从这一边到那一边 through表示动作是在某一物体的空间内部进行的，意为“通过、穿过、穿越”，指从一头进，到另一头出。 He went slowly across the grass. The river flows through the city. along表示“沿着（街道、河流等）”，指从一头到另一头 Walk along the street, and then turn right. 表示地点和方位的介词 4 across, through, along, past, up, down, from, to, into, out of等表示空间运动方向 past表示“通过，从…..旁边经过” up表示“向上” She walked past the shop. I will climb up the hill. down表示“向下” Sit down, please. from表示“从；来自” He is from England. 表示地点和方位的介词 4 across, through, along, past, up, down, from, to, into, out of等表示空间运动方向 to表示“向，到” into表示“进入” Welcome to our school. I go into the UN building. Out of表示“从…出来” The students run out of the classroom. 表示时间的介词 1 at, on, in, during at表示具体时刻或者较短的时间，可以用在钟点、 黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜、节日等时间前 on表示具体的时间，用在某一天、星期几及具体 的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等时间前 at six o’clock at noon at night at Christmas I met him on a Wednesday morning. in表示较长的时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般的早中晚 in 21st century in the morning during除了具有in表示时间短的功能之外，还可指在某一项活动的过程中 The rain stopped during the night. 表示时间的介词 2 since, from, after since(自从)后接表示过去的具体时间点的短语或从句， 表示从过去某时一直延续至今的动作，主要用于完成时 from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某个动作或某种 情况持续多久 I haven’t heard from him since last year I will study hard from today. after后接表示时间点的短语或从句，仅表示动作在那一时间点之后发生 After lunch, I will read a book. 表示时间的介词 3 in, for, after in表示以说话时间为基点的“若干时间”以后 for表示“动作持续若干时间”，有时可以省略，常用 How long提问 We are going to see you in three weeks. We will stay here for three days. after+时间（段）表示某个（一段）时间之后 He will be back after four o’clock. 表示时间的介词 4 before, by, until\till before后接具体时间点，表示 “在…之前” by后接表示将来的具体时间点，指动作延续到将来某一具体的时间点为止，表示“在…之前” He eats an apple before lunch. Supper will be ready by five o’clock. until与til意思完全相同，二者只用于表示时间，在否定句中，用“not…until”意为“直到…才” Don’t go home until you finish your homework.. 表示方式的介词 With多指用工具和手段，也可表示材料 in指使用某种语言、工具 You can’t eat with your hands. Can you talk in Chinese. by表示“以….方法”，后接交通工具等 I often go to school by bike. Through表示“以，通过，经由”，强调途径和手段，与by意思相近。 The only way to success is through hard work. 其他常见介词 1 go to +n. 3 in+ n. 2 at+n. 4 with+ n. 5 out of+ n. 6 about+ n. 7 with+sb. 介词专项练习 选择填空 1. Kunming is famous ______ its nice weather. A. in B. for C. as D. with 2. —What's this ______ English, please? —It's an apple. A. at B. on C. in D. of 3. Soccer is different ______ American football. A. from B. for C. in D. on 4. —Can you come out to play with me? —Sorry, I have to look ______ my little sister at home. A. at B. for C. like D. after 5. —When do you usually go shopping? —I usually go shopping ______ Sunday mornings. A. in B. on C. at D. for 介词专项练习 选择填空 6. Don't you agree ______ me? A. with B. to C. about D. for 7. Johnson does well ______ playing basketball. A. at B. on C. for D. in 8. You should get on well ______ each other. A. of B. by C. with D. about 9. Walk ______ this road, and take the first turning ______ the right. A. on; in B. with; by C. along; at D. along; on 10. They arrived ______ London ______ 5:00. A. in; at B. on; on C. at; at D. in; on 介词专项练习 选择填空 11. It's nine o'clock in the morning, but he is still______. A. at bed B. in bed C. in a bed D. on bed 12. The bridge is ______ the river. A. on B. in C. above D. over 13. Our English teacher is friendly ______ us. A. to B. in C. on D. with 14. Jack is talking ______ his mother ______ the book. A. on; with B. to; about C. to; to D. with; with 15. Tony is looking ______ his keys, but he can’t find them. A. for B. after C. over D. of 介词专项练习 选择填空 16. The hospital is ______ the bank and the supermarket. A. across B. between C. in D. for 17. There is a blackboard ______ the classroom. The teacher often writes ______ it. A. in front of; on B. in the front of; in C. in front of; on D. in the front of; on 18. The pay phone is ______ from the school. A. cross B. between C. across D. in 19. China is ______ the east of Asia and ______ the west of Japan. A. to; to B. in; in C. in; to D. on; to 20. They go to Beijing ______ a sunny morning. A. at B. in C. for D. on 介词专项练习 用适当的介词填空 1. Alice often goes to bed at nine o’clock in the evening. 2. Many of the students are in the classroom. 3. Our maths teacher is strict with us. 4. They often go to school by bus. 5. —What’s this in English? —It’s a book. 介词专项练习 用适当的介词填空 6. My keys are in the lost and found office. 7. Please meet me at noon on Saturday. 8. Thanks for helping me with my cooking. 9. Shall we go out for a walk? 10. What do you have for lunch? $