选择性必修第四册综合检测卷二-【金试卷】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册&选择性必修第四册同步单元双测卷（人教版）

综合检测卷二 建议用时：120分钟满分：100分 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） h 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 密 The opening of a new bookstore —the Book Green Hook Sunday,December 2,9 am to 9 pm 肖 封 You will not want to miss the opening of your new neighbourhood bookstore!Located at 289 Main Street,the Book Green Hook is within walking distance of schools,homes and businesses.Come 线 and check out the Book Green Hook on Sunday! There are various activities,including: Live music by local musicians 新 内 One Book-of-Reading Club membership giveaway Wide Selection 不 The Book Green Hook has five floors with books of all kinds-whatever you want.If we do not have the book you are looking for,we can specially order it for you.You will have it in your hands within two days! 按 准 Reading Corners We are proud of our children's reading area on the first floor,as well as our teenagers'corner on 答 the second floor.Come for the activities and stay a while!Settle in one of these inviting reading areas; take a seat with a good book and a free cup of hot chocolate.You will discover the perfect way to spend a few hours. 题 Book Events The Book Green Hook will be featuring monthly book signing by different authors,giving you a chance to meet and speak with well-known writers.Don't miss the experience of hearing these authors read aloud their own books! The Book-of-Reading Club 丝 Our Book-of-Reading Club will feature 12 books each year.As a member,you will be able to 邻 select one new book each month.The membership fee is only $10.00 per month.That is a great price forl2 books each year！ So please join us on Sunday and learn about all that the Book Green Hook has to offer.You can come anytime between 9 am and 9 pm-our activities last all day long! 21.What can we learn about the Book Green Hook? A.It is open from 9 am to 9 pm every day. B.It is a well-located bookstore. C.Any interesting books can be found right there. D.The third floor is specially designed for children. 22.What can people do in the Book Green Hook on December 2? A.They can have a taste of different kinds of chocolate. B.They can read aloud together with well-known writers. C.They can become a member of the Book-of-Reading Club. D.They can enjoy live music performed by well-known writers. 23.What can we know about the Book-of-Reading Club? A.Its members can buy any books in the Book Green Hook at a low price. B.Its members may borrow as many as 12 books every week. C.Its members need to pay 120 dollars every year. D.Its members should be over the age of 12. B Once upon a time,science fiction was just a style among other styles.There were crime stories, there were horror stories,there was literary fiction,and there was science fiction.But today science themes dominate other styles.It's difficult to think of much modern crime,horror or"serious"fiction that doesn't involve science. And it's not just books.With every second movie and computer game having a sci-fi element, science fiction seems to have controlled our entire entertainment culture.It's clear that if we want to define science fiction,we should relate it to the role that science plays in our lives. Although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times,it is more reasonable to find it in initial form in the 19th century,when industrial societies arose.One of the features that set industrial societies apart from other kinds was the increasing part that science played in everyday life.Factories with vast machines turned out huge quantities of goods,which were transported by trains,motor vehicles and ships all over the world.Cities were built on the back of technology,with electricity in homes and hospitals helping everyone to lead healthier,more convenient lives.All of these changes had great effects not only on people's real lives,but on their imaginative ones. Writers began to describe these changing physical and mental landscapes,eventually giving science fiction a large and devoted fan base of especially young readers,who found that it spoke to their curiosity about the future that science would create. But sci-fiction reflected fears for science rather than hopes.These typical early science fiction novels might be a UK novel like H.G.Well'The War of the Worlds(1897).With great skill,Wells played upon the fears of technology by imagining.Earth under threat by a civilization-that of men from Mars. 选择性必修第四册41 The science fiction of today expresses the impact of the computing revolution,robotics and our environmental challenges,while it is less concerned with"little green men from Mar"and other themes of past sci-fiction. Given that science,technology and polities are always intertwined,contemporary science fiction often has a great deal to say about power.Many recent novels-like American Cory Doctorow's Little Brother(2o08)一are concerned with government and security service“conspiracies(阴谋)”against the people,particularly as the revelations of whistle blowers like Edward Snowden sink in.This can give sci-fi writing a“skeptical(怀疑的)”feel. This underlines one of the features that remains constant between the beginnings of the empire of science fiction and its state today. As then,so now:We want to read about how fearful the future will be,not how it will be a paradise. 24.What can we know according to the first paragraph? A.Science fiction used to take the leadership in literature. B.Horror stories and literary fiction have initiated science fiction. C.Modern fiction reflects the influence of science. D.Science fiction is the dominant literature style at the present time. 25.What caused science fiction to appear in the 19th century? A.The curiosity of young readers about the future. B.The changes that the industrial revolution brought about. C.People's stretched imagination affected by their real life. D.People's fears for science rather than hopes. 26.According to the passage,what do we know about the early science fiction? A.It aroused people's curiosity about science in daily life. B.It intensified people's worries about the social problems. C.It promoted people's understanding of the true value of science. D.It conveyed an atmosphere of imaginary anxieties to people. 27.What's the main idea of the passage? A.The impact of science fiction. B.The development of science fiction. C.The content of science fiction. D.The characteristic of science fiction. C "Do not tell anyone.We often hear these words when someone tells us a secret.But keeping a secret is hard.We're often tempted(引诱)to“spill the beans'”,even if we regret it later. According to the professor,Asim Shah,keeping a secret may well "become a burden".This is because people often have an "eager and anxious urge()to share it with someone".An earlier study,led by Anita,a scientist at the University of Notre Dame,US,suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress.People entrusted()with secrets can suffer from depression,anxiety,and body aches. 42选择性必修第四册 Secrets are so often getting out.Why do people share them at all?Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend.Another reason why people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them.A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other."Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone,"according to Shah. He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out.But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people.A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside.To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress,and make them talk about the secret. Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret,you'd better put yourself in their position.Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away.Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give away someone's secret you should come clean about it. Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore. 28.Why does the author say keeping a secret may"become a burden"? A.Because people are born not to be able to keep secrets. B.Because when people have secrets,their bodies ache. C.Because keeping secrets is certain to cause depression. D.Because keeping secrets could probably be harmful to health. 29.How many reasons have been mentioned in Paragraph 3 why people tend to share secrets? A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5. 30.What do the underlined words“spill the beans'”in Paragraph 1 mean？ A.To fall by accident. B.To let out secrets on purpose. C.To spread secrets to everyone around. D.To give away secrets unintentionally. 31.What can we learn from the passage? A.Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves. B.Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the sense of guilt. C.Putting yourself in others'shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets. D.A person who is asked to keep a secret will suffer from psychological problems only. D While we know that language first appeared among Homo sapiens()somewhere thousands of years ago,the secret to how language evolved is still unknown,and mainstream theories fall into two distinctly different camps. One widely held theory is that language came about as an evolutionary adaptation.That was where the idea of natural selection came into play,which was the belief that the specific physical features of a population made that population more likely to survive its environment,like the turtle (and its shell.On one hand,humans needed to communicate with each other in order to hunt, farm and defend themselves successfully from the surrounding severe environment.Being able to communicate by using language gave the human species a distinct survival advantage.On the other hand,language was needed for social interaction,according to those who subscribed to the adaptation theory. In their paper "Natural Language and Natural Selection",researchers Steven Pinker and Paul Bloom theorized that a series of calls or gestures evolved over time into combinations,giving us complex communication,or language.As things became more complicated around them,humans needed a more complex system to convey information to one another.Early man saw a group of deer he wanted to hunt.He made a sound to his hunting partner that means "deer are nearby".One day,a storm came in and the hunter noticed that thunder scared the deer away.As a result,the hunter went hungry until the storm passed.Over time,the same hunter also learned to recognize the warning signs for bad weather-dark skies and increased wind.Early man realized that when the sky darkened and the wind picked up,he needed to tell his hunting partner to speed up the pursuit of the deer. Therefore,he came up with a series of sounds that refer to both the deer and the bad weather.That series of sounds was the beginning of an evolutionary adaptation that eventually became language. As humans learned more about how to best survive,they developed a need to convey these survival methods to their population.To be brief,that's the adaptation theory. 32.What is the text mainly about? A.The evolution of language. B.The paper on natural selection. C.The differences between theories. D.The introduction to human reproduction. 33.Why are the turtle and its shell mentioned in paragraph 2? A.To show the mystery of nature. B.To support the evolutionary adaptation. C.To stress the advantage of the turtle's shell. D.To encourage people to study natural selection. 34.How does the author explain the adaptation theory in paragraph 3? A.By comparing. B.By listing data. C.By carrying out a survey. D.By giving an example. 35.What will the author most probably tell us next? A.The exact place where humans came from. B.The other theory of how language evolved. C.The reasons why animals cannot form language. D.The methods of humans'shaping non-verbal thinking. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Teenagers'fitness is now a major concern and physical exercise is very important.36 Exercise makes your body strong and helps you to keep the right body weight.Sports scientists offer the following advice to teenagers:"37 Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier.” 38 "Overweight"means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem."Inactive"means that the person does not join in many physical activities,but is not seriously overweight."Active"refers to people who participate in sports and other physical activities, but do not have a high fitness level. According to experts,overweight teenagers should work out to keep healthy.Ride a bike,play volleyball or basketball for a while,and go for a twenty-minute walk each day.All these will help to burn calories.Inactive teenagers should do similar activities,but add some bending and stretching exercises,such as push-ups and sit-ups,starting with twenty of each a day.Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger.39 Experts also suggest one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercises, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities.40 Some weight- training and other body-strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase people's strength and safety. A.It's time to take part in sports. B.It reduces stress and improves fitness. C.Sports can make your life more colorful. D.First,find out your present level of fitness. E.The same rule is also suitable for active teenagers. F.They are really important in order to prevent injuries. G.There are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Cajun Navy is a group of volunteer small boat owners who help people during bad storms and floods.The group 41 volunteering during Hurricane Katrina.During that storm alone,they 42 more than 10,000 people from flooded homes and rooftops!Since then,they have saved more lives around the US!The Cajun Navy has gone to save people during many of the worst 43 that hit the US,such as Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Florence. Using their 44,they always go into places where people and animals are trapped by floodwaters.They bring their small boats and great skills to find those who are 45 and then they 46 them to safety. Many of the volunteers are fishermen and 47 boat pilots.They,who come from the Southeast United States,are experienced in 48 through a series of swamps (and narrow waterways.The skills they have help them find the way around 49 floodwaters. A reporter 50 his feelings and praised them after the Cajun Navy stepped in to help during bad flooding in Louisiana."The 51 were volunteers from the Cajun Navy,who had no ranks,no uniforms,and no 52 medals awarded to them for acts of bravery.It was a selfless heart,not a commanding officer,that called them into risky 53 to carry endangered citizens to higher and safer ground.” The Cajun Navy is a great example of character in action.They often put themselves in danger to 54 others.And they do not do it for money or attention,but 55 because they can help and they want to help. 选择性必修第四册43 41.A.improved B.delayed C.started D.survived 42.A.missed B.rescued C.met D.struck 43.A.windstorms B.rainfalls C.sandstorms D.raindrops 44.A.cars B.trucks C.bikes D.boats 45.A.in danger B.out of work C.in place D.out of order 46.A.force B.transport C.invite D.persuade 47.A.skilled B.trapped C.honest D.greedy 48.A.flying B.looking C.sailing D.driving 49.A.mixed B.peaceful C.limited D.powerful 50.A.conveyed B.discovered C.valued D.ignored 51.A.witnesses B.heroes C.passers-by D.victims 52.A.athletic B.ecological C.military D.economic 53.A.companies B.currents C.funds D.flights 54.A.abandon B.consult C.assist D.guide 55.A.cruelly B.delicately C.hardly D.merely 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The story of Atlantis is one of the 56. (old)mysteries in the world.But how did the story begin? More than 2,000 years ago,a famous Greek writer Plato wrote a story about a beautiful island in the Atlantic Ocean,57. he called the island of Atlantis.The people there were very rich and 58. (success).However,as they grew richer,they became selfish and greedy and they started to argue and fight 59. each other and the people from the other islands.Then,one day,as a 60. (punish),a huge earthquake came and great waves covered the island of Atlantis until it disappeared under the sea. For over 2,000 years,everyone thought the island of Atlantis 61. (be)just a fantastic story until an American politician and writer 62. (name)Donnelly studied the history of natural disasters from Egypt to Mexico and thought the story was about a real natural disaster.Then, in63. late 1960s,the ruins of an ancient city on the Greek island of Thera were discovered by a Greek historian.When the historian and his team examined the ruins of the ancient city,they found a group of people had lived there before and the city 64. (destroy)and buried by a volcanic eruption.So,was Thera truly the island that Plato had described in his books?No one knows and the story of Atlantis 65. (remain)a mystery. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）》 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华。你校英语报将举办主题为“My Dream Career'”的英语演讲比赛。请你面向全校 师生写一篇演讲稿，介绍你的个人情况，内容包括： 1.你的职业规划；2.选择这一职业的原因；3.为此需要做的事情。 44选择性必修第四册 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jason threw the papers on my desk-his eyebrows knit into a straight line as he glared at me.He pointed a finger at the paper."Next time you want to change anything,ask me first,"he said,turning on his heels and leaving me in anger."How dare he treat me like that,"I thought.I had changed one long sentence,and corrected grammar,something I thought I was paid to do. As the weeks went by,I grew to dislike Jason.One day,another of his episodes left me in tears. I stormed into his office,prepared to let the man know how I felt.I sat across from him and said calmly,"Jason,the way you've been treating me is wrong.I've never had anyone speak to me that way.As a professional,it's wrong,and I can't allow it to continue." Jason assumed a nervous smile and leaned back in his chair.I closed my eyes briefly."I want to make you a promise.I will be a friend,"I said."I will treat you as you deserve to be treated,with respect and kindness.You deserve that.Everybody does."I slipped out of the chair and closed the door behind me. Jason avoided me the rest of the week.Papers and letters appeared on my desk while I was at lunch,and my corrected versions were not seen again.I brought cookies to the office one day and left some on his desk.Another day I left a note."Hope your day is going great,"it read.Over the next few weeks,Jason reappeared but there were no other episodes. One year after our"talk",I discovered I had cancer.I was thirty-two,the mother of three young children,scared.Friends and loved ones visited and tried to find the right words to comfort me.No one knew what to say,and many said the wrong things.Others wept. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 One day,Jason came into the hospital room awkwardly,and placed a box beside me. For ten years,I have watched those red and white flowers blossom every spring.37.E根据小标题“Improved home security,safety,and privacy(改善了的家 庭安全和隐私)”和常识可知，安全和隐私对每个家庭来说都非常重要。E 项“对于每个房主来说，这些通常是最重要的事情”符合题意，选项中的 These指代标题中的security、safety和privacy。 38.F根据本段小标题“Voice-assistant smart technology(语音助手智能技 术)”和上文“Voice-assistant innovative technology helps users do a lot like turning on music,computers,TVs and other devices inside their homes！(语音助手创新技术帮助用户在家里做很多事情，像打开音乐、电 脑、电视和其他设备！)”可知，设空处应继续陈述语音助手智能技术在日 常生活方面给人们提供的帮助。F项“它还可以通过调节温度和光线来营 造温暖舒适的氛围”可承接上文，ls0表明和上文是并列关系。 39.A设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“You can also use Smart Home technology to help you with everyday household chores!You can stay in bed in your pyjamas while your AI vacuum cleaner does all the work for you!(你也可以使用智能家居技术来帮助你做日常家务！你可以穿着睡 衣躺在床上，而你的AI吸尘器为你做所有的工作！)”可知，本段主要讲述 智能家居的清洁功能，所以选A项。 40.G根据本段小标题“Smart health care technology(智能医疗技术)”可 知，设空处内容应与医疗相关。G项“智能设备允许通过互联网与医疗专 业人员进行快速通信”符合题意，选项中的medical professionals呼应标 题中的health care。 第三部分语言运用 第一节 【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。Nicolo在下夜班的路上，参与了一个拍卖活 动，花32美元买了两幅画。若干年后，Nicolo的这两幅画被证明是名家名 作，价值五千万美元 4l.A根据下文的“the whole night'”可知，Nicolo结束了在工厂里整个晚上 的工作，也就是下了夜班。 42.D根据句意可知，这个拍卖活动是由意大利的警察负责经营管理的。 run“经营”。 43.B根据语境可知，这些被拍卖的东西，是在火车上被发现的。 44.A Nicol0注意到两幅画，他觉得如果把这两幅画放在餐桌上方，可能看 起来很漂亮。 45.A根据下文出现的“won”一词可知，Nicolo和另一个出价者开始较量起 来，此处“battle”是动词。 46.D根据下文内容可知，这两幅画一直跟随着Nicolo,因此，他退休后搬家 时，把这两幅画一起带走了。 47.C根据下文内容可知，Nicolo15岁的儿子，曾经上过一个美术鉴赏班， 对这幅画产生了兴趣。 48.B根据下文内容可知，这幅画是名家的作品，因此，Nicolo的儿子觉得这 幅画有些不同寻常。 49.C根据上文可知，Nicolo的儿子一开始以为签名是“Bonnato”,但仔细研 究发现，是“Bonnard'”。 50.A这个名字是Nicolo的儿子以前从未听说过的一个法国画家的名字。 51.D根据上文，48题空后面出现的“a garden chair”可知，此处答案为 garden。 52.C此处说明的是父子二人最终了解到的事实真相，所以用副词eventually。 53.D根据下文内容可知，另一幅画也是名家作品，可见父子俩对另一幅画 也进行了仔细研究 54.B Nicolo当初用32美元买下两幅画，他并不知道这两幅画的价值。此 处表示实际上，第二幅画也是大师的杰作。 55.C Nicolo一家人得知两幅画不同寻常，立刻给意大利的文化部打电话。 第二节 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自然。文章介绍了为保护颜 危的长江江豚和长江沿岸的生态平衡而启动的10年禁渔期。 68参考答案 56.endangered考查非谓语动词。此空指“濒危的”，过去分词作定语。 57.activities考查名词复数。此处指人类活动，activity为可数名词，故填 其复数形式activities。 58.the考查冠词。此处the only one指“唯一的”，故用定冠词the表特指。 59.has declined考查动词时态和主谓一致。由时间状语Over the past40 years可知，此处用现在完成时，且主语为number,故填has declined。 60.Fortunately考查副词。此处需要副词修饰整个句子。 6l.to考查介词。contribute to意为“是…的原因”。 62.HHowever考查副词。此空前提到江豚的罕见出现，此空后提到江豚的出 现并不一定代表江豚数量的增加，前后构成转折关系，故填However。 63.Its考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词population,its意为 “它的”。 64.affecting考查非谓语动词。此处severely affecting its reproduction rate 作结果状语。 65.which考查定语从句。此处应用关系代词which引导定语从句，指代前 面整句话的内容。 第四部分写作 第一节 参考范文 Book Exchange on Campus A book-exchange activity was held last Friday afternoon in the playground with the aim of inspiring an interest in reading among students on campus. More than 1,000 students took part in the activity,who brought books along for an exchange with others.We also shared ideas about the books to read and then got the ones we favored. We believed that we all benefited from the activity and it served as a stage for young people to find their books and meet new friends with the same interest. 第二节 参考范文 When my mother went to get the wallet,she was so relieved and grateful,feeling that she was so lucky to get the wallet back.She shook hands with the two people,telling them that the wallet,which was her birthday gift from my father,was very important to her.The two people were happy to give the wallet to my mother.Holding the wallet,my mother just stood still,tears of gratitude welling up in her eyes.She was determined to express her sincere thanks to them for their efforts to help get her wallet back. She intended to give them some money as an expression of gratitude, but they refused.The two people said that they were just glad to offer my mother help.From their point of view,there was nothing more exciting than helping my mother to get the precious wallet back.I think they were naturally honest,considerate and helpful.They made us realize that we were surrounded with kindness and we decided to spread kindness to others who were in need.In this way,we could make our world a much better place to live in. 综合检测卷二 第二部分阅读 第一节 【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了一家书店的开业信息，包括这家书 店开展的各项活动及其阅读俱乐部等。 21B推理判断题。根据文章开头部分可知，这家书店在周边的学校、住宅 和公司的步行范围内，因此位置好，故选B。 22.C细节理解题。根据文章中的“One Book-of-Reading Club membership giveaway'”可知，在l2月2日该书店开张那天，人们能免费成为读书俱乐 部的会员。故选C。 23.C细节理解题。根据The Book-of-Reading Club部分中的“The membership fee is only$l0.00 per month.”可知，会员费为每个月l0美 元，因此一年的费用就是120美元。故选C。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍了科 幻小说对其他文体的影响，并介绍了其起源以及现代科幻小说与以前的 不同。 24.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段But today science themes dominate other styles.It's difficult to think of much modern crime,horror or" serious'”fiction that doesn't involve science.(但今天，科学主题主导了其 他风格。很难想象有多少现代犯罪、恐怖或“严肃”小说不涉及科学。)可 知，现代小说受到了科学的影响。 25.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times,it is more reasonable to find it in initial form in the 19th century when industrial societies arose. (尽管一些专家声称科幻小说可以追溯到古代，但更合理的说法是科幻小 说最早出现在l9世纪，那时工业社会兴起。)”和“All of these changes had great effects not only on people's real lives,but on their imaginative ones.(所有这些变化不仅对人们的现实生活产生了巨大影响，而且对他们 想象中的生活也产生了巨大影响。)”可知，工业革命带来的变化促使科幻 小说出现在19世纪。 26.D细节理解题。根据文章第五段“But sci-fiction reflected fears for science rather than hopes.These typical early science fiction novels might be a UK novel like H.G.Wells"The War of the Worlds (1897).With great skill,Wells played upon the fears of technology by imagining Earth under threat by a civilization一that of men from Mars.[但科幻小说反映 的更多的是对科学的恐惧，而不是希望。这些典型的早期科幻小说可能 是一部英国小说，如H.G.Wells的《世界大战》(1897)。Wells以高超的 技巧，通过想象地球受到来自火星的人类文明的威胁，演绎了人们对科技 的恐惧。]”可知，早期的科幻小说向人们传达了一种假想的焦虑气氛。 27.B主旨大意题。文章介绍了科幻小说对其他文体的影响，并介绍了其起 源以及现代科幻小说与以前的不同，因此主要讲的是科幻小说的发展。 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。保守秘密很难，有可 能成为一种负担，因此人们常常急切地想与他人分享秘密，而我们也常常会 将秘密告诉自己信任的人。两人之间分享秘密往往会令彼此更加亲密，不过 不小心把秘密说漏嘴的情况也时有发生。 28.D推理判断题。根据第二段的An earlier study,led by Anita,a scientist at the University of Notre Dame,US,suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress.People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression,anxiety,and body aches.可知，美国圣母大学的科学家Anita 早先做的研究表明保守秘密会导致压力，被托付保密的人会沮丧、焦虑、 身体疼痛，所以保密是一个负担，因为会对身体产生伤害。 29.A细节理解题。根据第三段的Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend.Another reason why people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them. 可知Shah解释到人们常感觉分享秘密会帮助他们与一个人做朋友，另一 个分享秘密的原因是和亲密朋友隐瞒秘密会感到内疚。本段说到了两个 原因，故选A。 30.D词义猜测题。根据第一段的But keeping a secret is hard.We're often tempted to“spill the beans'”,even if we regret it later.可知，保守秘密很 难。我们经常受到引诱而说漏嘴，即使后来我们会后悔。结合句意，尤其 是even if we regret it later可猜测画线部分的意思是“泄露秘密”。D.To give away secrets unintentionally.(无意地泄露秘密)符合以上说法。 3l.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret,you'd better put yourself in their position.Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away.(Shah说，要判断是否要告诉别人一个秘密，你最好设身处地为他 们着想。想象一下你被告知不要把信息说出去时的感受)可知，我们应该 设身处地为他人考虑他们保守秘密的难处。 D 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了语言是如何进化的。 32.A主旨大意题。根据第一段以及第二段第一句可知，本文主要介绍了语 言是如何进化的。 33.B推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者提到海龟和龟壳是为了支 持本段的中心论，点：语言是作为一种进化适应而产生的工具。 34.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的As things became more complicated around them..,and the bad weather..可知，作者描述一个打猎的场景来 说明语言的进化论，即用举例的方式来说明适应理论。 35.B推理判断题。由第一段可知，主流理论分为两个截然不同的阵营，再 根据最后一段可知，作者列举了其中的一种阵营。由此推知，作者接下来 最可能会告诉我们另一个语言进化理论。 第二节 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。现在青少年的健康是一 个主要问题，体育锻炼是非常重要的。文章就青少年如何进行体育锻炼保持 健康提出了一些建议。 36.B根据上文“Teenagers'fitness is now a major concern and physical exercise is very important.(现在青少年的健康是一个主要问题，体育锻炼 是非常重要的)”可知，上文提到了体育锻炼的重要性，本句应承接上文说明原 因：体育锻炼减少压力和促进健康。B选项中It指代上文physical exercise。 37.D根据上文“Sports scientists offer the following advice to teenagers (体育科学家向青少年提供了以下建议)”以及后文“Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier..(然后你可以设计一个 计划来帮助你变得更健康)”可知，上文提到了科学家的建议，后文则说明 了具体的步骤，由此可知本句是第一点建议。D选项“首先，弄清楚你目 前的健康水平”符合语境。 38.G设空处为本段主旨句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了三种健康 层次，G选项“有三个层次的健康需要改变生活方式”符合语境。 39.E根据本段内容可知，上文提到不爱运动的人和超重的人，本句为本段 最后一句，应提及好动的青少年。故E选项正确。 40.F根据上文“Experts also suggest one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercises,together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities.(专家还建议每周花一个小 时或更多的时间进行跑步和其他形式的高强度运动，再加上每天花15分 钟进行伸展和弯曲活动)”可知，上文提到要每天花15分钟进行伸展和弯 曲活动，由此推知本句应承接上文说明这些活动的作用：防止受伤，F选项 中They指代上文提到的活动。 第三部分语言运用 第一节 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为公益 事业。文章主要介绍了“卡津海军”(The Cajun Navy)这个组织。“卡津海 军”是一个由渔民和领航员组成的志愿者救援组织，专门在遭遇飓风灾难时， 通过使用自已的船和高超的技术去救助那些被困在洪水中的人和动物。 41.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：该组织在卡特里娜飓风期间开始做志愿活 动。improve提高；delay推迟；start开始；survive幸存。根据下文的 “volunteering during Hurricane Katrina'”以及“Since then”可知，这个组 织是从那个时候开始救人的，并且自那以后，救了更多的人。由此可知， 设空处应表示“开始”之意，started符合语境。 42.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅在那场暴风雨中，他们就从被洪水淹没 的房屋和屋顶上救出了1万多人！miss想念，错过；rescue营救，救援； meet遇见；strike碰撞，撞击。根据下文“they have saved more lives around the US”可知，该组织是在救受灾的人，应用rescued。 43.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很多次袭击美国的最严重的风暴中，如 哈维飓风和佛罗伦斯飓风，“卡津海军”都去救人了。windstorm风暴； rainfall降雨；sandstorm沙尘暴；raindrop雨，点，雨滴。根据下文的“such as Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Florence'”可知，这些都是飓风的名 称，属于风暴，windstorms符合句意。 44.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们总是划着自己的船去那些人和动物被 洪水困住的地方。car小汽车；truck卡车；bike自行车；boat船。根据下 "They bring their small boats and great skills to find those who are... and then they.,.them to safety.”可知，他们是划着船去救人和动物，应用 boats。 45.A考查短语辨析。句意：他们带着小船和高超的技术去寻找那些处于危 险中的人，然后把他们送到安全的地方。in danger处于危险中；out of work失业；in place在适当的位置；out of order混乱。根据上文“they always go into places where people and animals are trapped by floodwaters" 知，被洪水困住了，应该是处于危险之中，in danger符合语境。 46.B考查动词词义辨析。force迫使；transport运送；invite邀请；persuade 说服，劝服。根据后面的“to safety”可知，这里是指用船把那些遇到危险 的人送到安全的地方，应用transport。 47.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多志愿者是渔民和熟练的领航员。 skilled熟练的，有技能的；trapped受困的，受限制的；honest诚实的； greedy贪婪的。根据上文语境可知，他们用自己的小船和高超的技术救 人，说明自己本身就是一些技术熟练的人，skilled符合句意。 48.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们来自美国东南部，在划船穿越一系列 沼泽和狭窄水道方面经验丰富。fly飞行；look看；sail航行；drive驾驶。 根据上文的“Many of the volunteers are fishermen and..,.boat pilots..”可 知，他们许多人是渔民和领航员，在乘船穿过沼泽和狭窄水道方面有经 验，用sailing合适。 49.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们拥有的技能帮助他们在强大的洪水 中找到道路。mixed混合的；peaceful和平的；limited有限的；powerful强 大的，有力的。根据上文“they always go into places where people and animals are trapped by floodwaters'”以及常识可知，洪水能把人困住，并且 置人于危险之中，说明洪水对于人来说是十分强大的，powerful符合 句意。 50.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路易斯安那州遭遇严重洪灾时，“卡津海 军”前来救援，一名记者表达了他的感受并赞扬了他们。convey传达； discover发现；value给…估价，珍视；ignore忽略，不顾。根据后面的 “his feelings'”可知，应该是表达了他的感受，conveyed符合句意。 51.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些英雄是来自“卡津海军”的志愿者，他 们没有军衔，没有制服，没有授予他们勇敢行为的军事奖章。witness证 人；hero英雄；passer-by路人；victim受害者。根据前面的“A reporter conveyed his feelings and praised them after the Cajun Navy stepped in to help during bad flooding in Louisiana”可知，受到了他们的帮助，并且赞 杨他们，故应是称赞他们为英雄，应用heroes。 52.C考查形容词词义辨析。athletic体育运动的，强壮的；ecological生态 的；military军事的；economic经济的。根据前面的“who had no ranks,no uniforms'”可知，军衔和制服一般都是军人才会有的，故后面的medals应 该也是与军事相关的，用military合适。 53.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：是一颗无私的心，而不是一名指挥官，召唤 他们进入危险的激流，把濒临危险的公民带到更高更安全的地方。 company公司；current水流；fund基金；flight航班。根据前面的“called them into risky'”以及后面的“to carry endangered citizens to higher and safer ground”可知，应该是从危险的洪水中，把濒临危险的人带到更高更 安全的地方去，currents符合句意。 54.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常置自己于危险之中去帮助别人。 abandon放弃；consult咨询；assist协助，帮助，援助；guide指导。根据后 面的“And they do not do it for money or attention,but..,because they can help and they want to help”可知，他们就是因为能帮助别人、想帮助 别人，才会这么做。由此可知，前面也是指为了帮助别人，用assist合适。 55.D考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们这样做不是为了钱或博得关注，而仅 仅是因为他们能够帮助，并且想要帮助别人。cruelly残酷地；delicately精 致地；hardly几乎不；merely仅仅。根据设空处前面表示转折意义的连词 but可知，句子前后语义相反，由此可推知此处指只是单纯能帮助别人、想 帮助别人，所以才会这么做，故用merely合适。 第二节 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。亚特兰蒂斯的故事是 世界上最古老的谜团之一，文章对故事的起源和神秘进行了介绍。 56.oldest考查最高级。句意：亚特兰蒂斯的故事是世界上最古老的谜团之 一。在one of the后应用形容词最高级。故填oldest。 57.which考查定语从句。句意：2,000多年前，著名的希腊作家柏拉图写了 一个关于大西洋上一个美丽的岛屿的故事，他称之为亚特兰蒂斯岛。非 限制性定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为“a beautiful island”指物，所以应 用关系代词which。 58.successful考查形容词。句意：那里的人非常富有和成功。根据“rich”可 知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填successful。. 59.with/against考查固定搭配。句意：然而，当他们变得更富有，他们变得 自私和贪婪，他们开始与彼此和来自其他岛屿的人争吵和斗争。ight with/against意为“和…斗争”，为固定搭配。故填with/against。 60.punishment考查名词。句意：然后，有一天，作为一种惩罚，巨大的地震 来了，巨大的海浪覆盖了亚特兰蒂斯岛，直到它消失在海底。在介词as后 应用名词作宾语。名词punishment意为“惩罚”，前面有不定冠词修饰，用 名词单数。故填punishment。 61.ws考查一般过去时。句意：2,000多年来，每个人都认为亚特兰蒂斯岛 只是一个虚构的故事，直到一位名叫唐纳利的美国政治家兼作家研究了 从埃及到墨西哥的自然灾害的历史，认为这个故事是关于一场真正的自 然灾害。根据“everyone thought'”可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语the island of Atlantis为第三人称单数，故填was。 62.named考查过去分词。句意同上。动词name意为“给…取名”，和它 所修饰的名词“an American politician and writer”构成被动关系，所以应 用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。 63.the考查定冠词。句意：后来，在20世纪60年代末，一位希腊历史学家 在希腊锡拉岛上发现了一座古城的废墟。“late1960s”前应用定冠词。故 填the。 64.had been destroyed考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：当这位历史学 家和他的团队检查这座古城的废墟时，他们发现以前曾有一群人住在那 里，并且这座城市已经被一次火山爆发摧毁并掩埋了。动词destroy和主 语the city构成被动关系，用被动语态。这座城市被一次火山爆发摧毁并 掩埋发生在他们发现之前，所以应用过去完成时。故填had been destroyed。 65.remains考查一般现在时。句意：没有人知道，亚特兰蒂斯的故事仍然是 一个谜。根据“No one knows'”可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语the story为第三人称单数，故填remains。 参考答案69 第四部分 写作 第一节 参考范文 Boys and girls, I'm glad to state my dream career here today.Honestly speaking, everyone wants to be a person of value,and so do I.I have been dreaming of becoming a doctor,and I can imagine people will greatly appreciate my work as it will let them own good health.How honorable it is to save patients out of sickness!As a teenager,I'll make great efforts to study science and fully prepare for the dream.Nothing will be impossible if I put my heart into it. That's all!Thanks for your listening! 第二节 参考范文 One day,Jason came into the hospital room awkwardly,and placed a box beside me."Tulips,"he said.After shuffling his feet,he cleared his throat. "They'll come up next spring if planted.I just wanted you to see them when they come up.""Thank you,"I whispered feelingly.Jason grasped my hand and gruffly replied,"You're welcome.You can't see it now,but next spring you'll see the colors I picked out for you.I think you'll like them. For ten years,I have watched those red and white flowers blossom every spring.As a matter of fact,this September,doctors declared that I was cured and I've watched my children graduate from high school and go to college.In a moment when I prayed for just the right word,a man with very few words said all the right things.What happened was not intentional,and that's just what friends do. 重点题型练 阅读七选五专练 (一) 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。作者劝解要辞职的朋友，工作中要想快乐，就 要少一些担心，不要考虑太多，不要太过追求工作中的完美。 1.E文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因，故E项（作为 一个跟她以前有过类似处境的朋友，我想帮帮她)符合语境。 2.A下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时，我们感到失望和沮丧”。 A项（我们为自己设定了很高的标准）符合行文逻辑。 3.B上句表示“在压力很大的时候，减少一点，点努力并不意味着你不关心你 的工作”，故B项（这意味着你更关心自己）符合要求。 4.G根据上文中的信息词“perfect'”以及“perfection'”可知，G项符合语境。 易误选C项。因为C项中的“pressure'”与此空前一句中的“pressure”照应。 尽管如此，也不能选C项。 5.F上文介绍了作者的第一条建议，故F项（下一步，放慢速度，分析一下到 底是什么让你有压力)符合行文逻辑。 (二) 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自我。面对生活的压力， 我们应该学会自我护理，因为自我护理可以让我们保持身心健康。文章介绍 了一些自我护理的方法。 l.C根据空格前一句“It is used to describe guidance on what people can do to get healthy.(它被用来描述人们可以做什么来获得健康的指导)”可知， 自我护理可以帮助人们获得健康的指导。然后再结合下面各段的首句可 知，本空应该总述可以从多个方面来进行自我护理。C项Here are some starting points符合文意。故选C。 2.F根据空格前一句“What happens to be simple,efficient and free is meditation.冥想恰好是简单、高效和自由的)”可知，此处描述了冥想的一 些特征。然后再结合空格后一句“The positive effect of meditation on 70参考答案 anxiety,depression,focus and even physical pain has been so well- established that it is now used in schools,on sports teams and in corporate offices..（冥想对焦虑、抑郁、注意力集中甚至身体疼痛都有积极的影响，这 种影响已经被广泛应用于学校、运动队和公司办公室)”可知，冥想会给身 体带来许多好处。由此可知，空格处应该讲述通过冥想的特点所带来的好 处。那么F项That is,letting your mind wander freely allows it to settle (也就是说，让你的思想自由地漫游可以让它安定下来)承上启下。故选F。 3.E根据空格前“Melanie Caines,a yoga teacher,suggests movement needn't mean doing a serious workout every day.(瑜伽老师梅勒妮.凯恩 建议，运动并不意味着每天都要做大量的锻炼)”以及“A little goes a long way.(一，点，点就能走得很远)”可知，本空应该讲适度运动所带来的好处。 那么E项Gentle exercises can do a lot to relax your entire body(温和的运 动可以很好地放松你的整个身体)承接上文。故选E。 4.A根据空格后的第一句“An important self--care way is to be mindful of what you're eating and consider adding some nutritional support.( 要的自我护理方式是注意你的饮食，并考虑增加一些营养支持)”以及“But one commonly overlooked piece,according to Toronto naturopathic( 疔法的)doctor Nikita Sander,is vitamin D.She notes that the nutrient is protective in many ways and a key for mental health.(但据多伦多的自然 疗法医生尼基塔·桑德说，维生素D是一个经常被忽视的东西。她指出， 这种营养物质在很多方面都有保护作用，是心理健康的关键)”可知，本段 主要表达的意思就是要注意补充维生素。那么A项Get your vitamins(补 充维生素)满足本段段意。故选A。 5.D根据空格后一句“You can develop your own self-care routine,a set of practices and habits to follow.(你可以建立自己的自我护理程序，一套可 以遵循的做法和习惯)”可知，空格处讲述的应该是自我护理不单单只是之 前所提到的那些方面，它还可以涵盖许多方面。那么D项Self-care can extend in many directions(自我护理可以延伸到很多方面)引出下文。故选D, (三) 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自然。文章指出了减少碳排 放量的重要性，并且提出了减少碳排放量的方法。 l.C前文“When we use our cars or heat our homes with carbon dioxide, various other gases are set free..”(当我们使用汽车或用二氧化碳来在家取 暖时，各种其他气体就释放出来了)中的carbon dioxide和various other gases 对应选项C中的These emissions。所以选项C(这些排放物会导致大气层变 厚和全球变暖)切合文意，是“各种其他气体释放出来”产生的结果。故选C。 2.B根据后文“In America for example,every citizen produces about28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases a year;in Great Britain the amount is about 10tons.”(例如，在美国，每个公民每年产生约28吨二 氧化碳和其他危险气体：在英国，这个数量约为10吨)可知，选项B(碳足迹 通常以每年的二氧化碳吨数来衡量)切合文意。故选B。 3.E根据后文“Use your bike or walk for short distances.Public transport is a way of getting to places without putting a burden on the environment..”(短距离使用自行车或步行。公共交通是一种不给环境带来 负担的出行方式)可知，此处是指减少碳足迹的措施，所以选项E(你可以采 取很多行动来减少你的碳足迹)切合文意。故选E。 4.G根据后文“Many environmental experts,however,argue that it often saves energy to buy food that is produced naturally in faraway places than consuming food grown locally in greenhouses.”(然而，许多环境专家提 出，购买远方自然生产的食物往往比消费本地温室里种植的食物更节省能 源)可知，选项G(购买本地食品是另一种限制向大气中排放的方法)切合文 意。故选G。 5.D根据后文“Only if we concentrate on reducing carbon emissions together can we hope to make our environment better..”(只有我们集中精 力一起减少碳排放，我们才有希望使我们的环境变得更好)可知，此处是号 召人们一起行动起来。所以选项D(说服别人采取和你一样的措施也是至 关重要的)切合文意。故选D。 (四) 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要给自主创业的人们提出了一些建议。 1.B本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文中的建议。故选B项。 2.C根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知，下文肯定要说创业计划的重要性， C项“如果没有详细的创业计划，银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”承上启下。 C项中的a detailed business plan呼应小标题中的a business plan。故选C 项。 3.F根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知，是要“获得资金支援”。故选F项。 4.G根据下文“can be understanding all the legislation”可知，G项“确保你 是依法经营”符合题意。故选G项。 5.E根据小标题可知，这个段落是讲如何把自己宣传出去，让消费者知道你 的企业的存在。空后举了一个具体事例进行说明，故选E项。 (五) 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自我。文章介绍了写好文章 的三个简单技巧。 l.D主题句。空格位于段首，具有主题句的特征。根据下文中“write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper'”可知，本段介绍的是不间断写作的技巧。D选项（首先，学习不间断 写作的技巧)符合语境。故选D。 2.B细节句。根据下文“Don't worry about grammar or spelling.”可知，既 然不要担心语法和拼写错误，就是要快速地想到哪里写到哪里。B选项（让 你的笔跟随你的思想起伏)符合语境。故选B。 3.E过渡句。根据上文中“without worrying about being perfect”以及下文 中的“Yt”可知，E选项（太多的作者试图第一次就把他们的草稿写对）起 到承上启下的作用。符合语境。故选E。 4,F推理句。下文“As a result,these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.”描述的是一种不良后果，由此推出，造成这种不良后果的原因应该 是一种不正确的做法。F选项（许多初学写作的人没有留出足够的修改空 间)符合语境。故选F。 5.G细节句。本段主要谈论三倍行距打印的好处。G选项（然后你可以打 印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距)中的“again setting your text on triple-space'”与上文衔接密切。故选G。 (六) 【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主题语境为人与自我。本文就人们如何有效而 快乐地利用好时间提出了一些建议。 1.F过渡句。下文是作者的建议，这与F项中的“tis”呼应，其在结构上起 到了承上启下的作用。 2.D主旨句。本段的标题为“Pick the most important..”空格后强调“要专 注于把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上”。由此推断空格 处应强调“做出有意义的选择”，故选D项，其中“choices'”与原文中的 “Pick”和“chose'”呼应。 3.C过渡句。本段的标题为“Combine your activities'”。空格前列举了一个 人想做的很多事情，空格后提到可以把这些事情结合起来去做，从而享受 它们带来的快乐。由此推断空格处作者应强调“别再试图给所有这些事情 分配时间”，这与C项内容一致。 4.B主旨句。本段强调了要主动学习，努力寻找新方法节省花在日常事务 上的时间，从而腾出更多的时间做最重要的事。这与B项中的“learner” 呼应。 5.G细节句。空格前提到要庆祝进步，不断改进。空格后提到每做成一件 事都是一个小胜利。这与G项中的“making lists”呼应。