名词（课件）-2025-2026学年外研版（一起）（2012）英语六年级下册

名 词 目录 一 名词的概念 二 名词的分类 三 名词的数 四 名词的格 五 名词的用法 一 名词的概念 名词的概念：用来表示各种各样的人和事物名称的词就是名词 名词的范围包括：人、具体事物、抽象事物、时间、地点、方向等 名词的分类 普通名词 专有名词 个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词 名词的分类 可数名词 不可数名词 可数名词复数的规则变化形式 可数名词复数的规则变化形式 可数名词复数的规则变化形式 1 一般情况下，在名词词尾加-s. 2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加-es 3 以o结尾的名词，有的加-s,有的-es cats bags desks dogs buses boxes watches brushes negroes heroes tomatoes potatoes radios vidios photos zoos 可数名词复数的规则变化形式 4、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es. city—cities factory—factories country—countries family--families 5、以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es. wolf—wolves leaf—leaves wife—wives knife—knives thief—thieves shelf—shelves life—lives half—halves 可数名词复数的规则变化形式 名词复数有规律，一般词尾加-s。 辅音字母+y型，变y为i,es。 ch,sh真有趣，s,x，es。 f,fe真小气，字母v来把他替， es在后别忘记。 字母o来真神奇，有生命来-es， 没有生命加-s。 可数名词复数的不规则变化形式 一、 单复数同形 二、 元音发生变化 三、 词尾加-en或-ren fish-- fish（鱼） sheep—sheep（绵羊） deer--deer（鹿） man—men(人) foot—feet(脚) woman—women (女人) tooth—teeth(牙齿) goose—geese(鹅) child--children （孩子） ox—oxen（牛） 可数名词复数的不规则变化形式 四、 复合名词单复数变化 1、 主要词改为复数 apple tree—apple trees boy student—boy students 2、 有性别词man或woman修饰的， 前后两词都要改为复数形式 woman teacher– women teachers man doctor—men doctors 可数名词复数的不规则变化形式 五、特殊变化 1、表示国家的人 Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen Indian—Indians German—Germans (中、日不变，英法变，其余s加后面) 2、mouse—mice medium--media (媒体) 特殊名词的复数形式 1 某些以-s结尾的名词，却是单数。 politics(政治) the United States（美国） phisics（物理） maths（数学） 2 由两部分构成的名词，若表示具体数目，要用pair a pair of shoes(一双鞋子) two pairs of glasses（两副眼镜） three pairs of tousers（三条裤子） 特殊名词的复数形式 3 集体名词的单数形式表示复数意义，使用时谓语动词要用复数形式 family(家人) police class 4 people是集体名词，但是作“民族”讲时，可作可数名词。 There are four people in my family. There are 56 peoples in our country. 特殊名词的复数形式 一些名词只有复数形式。 clothes trousers jeans pants shorts glasses earphones stairs thanks (补充)：socks scissors, chopsticks, noodles 名词所有格 一、’s 所有格形式 1、普通单数名词直接在词尾加’s. 如：Tom’s mother 2 词尾不是以-s的复数名词，在词尾直接加’s. 如：Children’ s Day. 3 以s或es结尾的复数名词后只加’. 如：the students’ books 名词所有格 一、’s 所有格形式 4 表示几个词共有的所有关系，在最后一个词后加’s. 如：Sam and Amy’s mother 5 表示几个词各自的所有关系，分别在词尾加’s. 如：Mary’s and Tom’s classrooms 名词所有格 6 表示时间、距离、城市、国家等无生命的名词，也可以加’s构成所有格。 today’s homework a week’s time the city’s park 7 表示时间、距离、城市、国家等无生命的名词，也可以加’s构成所有格。 today’s homework a week’s time the city’s park 8 表示个具体的场所，可以省去后面的名词。 at Jack’s (home)= at Jack’s (在杰克家) at the doctor’s (office)= at the doctor’s (在医务室) at the dentist’s (office)= at the dentist’s(在牙科诊所) 二、of+名词的所有格形式 1 the name of the city 2 a photo of my family 三、of+’s的所有格形式（双重所有格） a friend of John’s (约翰的很多朋友中的一位朋友) a photo of my uncle’s (我的叔叔的许多照片中的一张) 可数名词和不可数名词表示复数时，用于修饰他们表示数量的词也不能乱用，有些只能修饰可数名词；有些只能修饰不可数名词；还有一些都可以修饰 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 many much 很多 few little 很少 a few a little 一些 some some 一些 A lot of/lots of A lot of/lots of 许多 指点迷津 6. Maths ______(are, is ) hard to learn for the boy. 7. They are all _______________( woman, teachers ; women teachers). 8. The population of China _______(are, is ) over 1,300,000,000. 9. There are many ______(peoples,people )in the street in summer. 10. One of the students ______(have, has) gone to Shanghai. is is women teachers people has NOUN. 1.Several _____ are talking  about their ______. A．woman;children B．woman;child C．women;children 2.—How far is your school from here？ —Not very far．It's about twenty walk. A．minute's  B．minutes  C．minutes'  3. There are three in my family. A.people B. person C. child 4. Most students can go to college for further in our city. A. education B. information C.science 5. This is bedroom. The twin sister like it very much. A. Ann and Jane B. Ann and Jane’s C.Ann’s and Jane’s 典型例题解析 C C A A B NOUN. 典型例题解析 The Browns is going to visit China. ( ) The Browns are going to visit China. ( ) The young is dancing there. ( ) The young are dancing there. ( ) Physics are very difficult to learn. ( ) Physics is very difficult to learn. ( ) We have five Germen in this meeting. ( ) We have five Germans in this meeting. ( ) This is one of the English-Chinese dictionary. ( ) This is one of the English-Chinese dictionaries. ( ) √ √ √ √ √ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ Ⅹ NOUN. ( ) 1. Please give me ______ paper.  A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 2. This table is made of_______. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass ( ) 3.Bill runs fast. He won the  _____ 800-metre race yesterday. A．boys B．boys’ C．boy D．boy‘s . ( ) 4. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 5. In the picture there are many______ and two_______.  A. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; foxes C. sheep; foxes D. sheep;foxs 课时训练 D D B A C 选择填空： NOUN. ( ) 6. This is not my cap, but my _______. A. brothers B. brother’s C. brothers’ D. brother ( )7.They write most of their_______ in English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters B B NOUN. ( ) 8. _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife, used B. Knives, using C. Knife, using D. Knives, used (　 ) 9. John bought_____for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe  C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes ( ) 10.Excuse me, where is the______? A. men's room B. mens' room C. men's rooms D. men rooms  D A A 根据所给单词的正确形式填空： 1. Different people may have different _____. (idea) 2. I often go to work on . (foot) 3. I know one of the . (boy) 4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass) 5. Please give them their . (photo) 6. Are there any in the box? (watch) 7. There are twelve in a year. (month) ideas foot boys glasses photos watches months NOUN. 8. Would you like some ? (tomato) 9. Look at those in the boats! (people) 10. Look! The are singing. (woman) 11. September 10th is Day. (teacher) 12. Jim has some . (knife) 13. How much are these ? (vegetable) 14. My school is twenty ________ walk from here. (minute) 15. The girl under the tree is a friend of________. (Lucy) Lucy’s minutes’ vegetables tomatoes people women Teachers’ knives $