Unit 4 Section A（Grammar Focus）（同步教学课件） 2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步教学精品课件（新教材人教版）

Section A Grammar Focus Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Learning Aims 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 掌握现在完成时（have/has been to与have/has gone to）、形容词比较级和最高级及感叹句用法，能运用语法知识描述自然奇观、询问相关信息。 学会自主梳理语法规则，主动参与合作探究，养成归纳总结、勤练善用的学习习惯。 通过观察、归纳、对比，提升逻辑思维和语言运用的灵活性，能辩证看待自然与人类的关系。 了解中外著名自然奇观，培养对自然的敬畏之心，树立环境保护理念。 Let’s enjoy some natural wonders of the world. Read the sentences. Circle the adjectives which compare things. Underline the adverbs which compare actions. What is the biggest desert in the world? It is the Sahara Desert. How big is it? It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. Where is the deepest point in the ocean? It is in the Mariana Trench. How deep is it? It is about 11,000 metres deep. Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 4a The Amazon River is longer than the Yangtze River. The Nile is longer than the Amazon River. The Nile is the longest of all. 比较级：_____者比较。 最高级：_____者或_____者以上比较。 两 三 三 一.比较级和最高级的基本概念 概念：用来修饰名词的形容词或者修饰动词的副词，会因为修饰程度不同而有所“比较”，可分为原级，比较级（更......）与最高级（最......）。 概念理解 原级：没有比较含义； 比较级：两者间比较，表示“较……”或“更……”； 最高级：三者及三者以上比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 1.形容词和副词的比较级的变化规律： 情况 规则 例子 一般情况下 以e结尾 直接加-er 直接加-r tall taller 重读闭音节结尾 双写末尾字母加-er safe safer big bigger “辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i,再加-er happy happier 部分双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more beautiful more beautiful 2.形容词和副词的最高级的变化规律： 情况 规则 例子 一般情况下 以e结尾 直接加-est 直接加-st tall tallest 以重读闭音节结尾 双写末尾字母加-est safe safest big biggest “辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i,再加-est happy happiest 部分双音节词和多音节词 在前面加most beautiful most beautiful 3.比较级和最高级的构成 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well many / much bad / badly little (少) old far 不规则变化 better best more most worse worst less least older/elder oldest/eldest farther/further farthest/furthest 1. thin __________ _________ 2. fast __________ __________ 3. low __________ __________ 4. deep __________ __________ 5. easy __________ __________ 6. late __________ __________ 7. happy __________ _______ 8. hot __________ __________ 9. little __________ __________ 10. well __________ __________ 11. far _______________ ________________ 12. amazing _______________ ________________ 13. wonderful ______________ ________________ lower lowest deeper deepest easier easiest farther/further farthest/furthest happier happiest hotter hottest later latest more amazing most amazing more wonderful most wonderful better best less least thinner thinnest faster fastest Look and Practice 有些副词的规则变化方式比较特别，要特别留意： 1.early虽然为双音节副词，但是其比较级与形容词一样，是将词尾y改i再加er，而最高级则是将词尾y改i再加est： early→earlier→earliest 2.有两种变化方式的副词： friendly→friendlier/more friendly→ friendliest/most friendly kindly→kindlier→more kindly→ kindliest/most kindly 3.loud为形容词与副词同形，也可以加ly变副词，意义不变。 loud→ louder→ loudest loudly→ more loudly→ most loudly 4.特殊的副词 二.比较级的用法 1.形容词比较级＋than... He is taller than me. 他比我高。 The Changjiang River is longer than it.长江比它长。 Bill runs faster than any other boy in his class. 比尔跑得比班上其他任何男孩都快。 2.比较级+and+比较级 more and more+原级 Summer is coming. It's getting hotter and hotter. 夏天就要来了。天越来越热了。 The weather is getting colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的家乡变得越来越美丽。 越来越…… 二.比较级的用法 3.the+比较级, the +比较级 越……，就越…… The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。 The more you read, the more you know. 你阅读得越多,知道的就越多。 4.the + 比较级 + of the two (+ 名词复数) 表示“两者中较……的那个”。 Mike is the taller of the two boys. 迈克是两个男孩中较高的那个。 5.Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B? 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更……？” Which city is larger, Beijing or Shanghai? 北京和上海，哪个城市更大？ 6.A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A是B的……倍……”。 Our school is three times bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的三倍大。 三.最高级的用法 (the+)最高级(+名词)+in/of 短语， 意为“……中最……的”。 I think spring is the best time of a year. 我认为春天是一年中最好的时节。 Tom works (the) hardest in Class3. 在三班汤姆学习最努力。 He is the tallest of the three. 他是这三个人中最高的。 He is the funniest in his class. 他是他们班最有趣的。 one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of 短语，意为“……中最……的……之一”。 Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 杭州是世界上最美的城市之一。 Pingyao Ancient City is one of the best-kept ancient cities in China. 平遥古城是中国保存最完好的古城之一。 the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……” As we all know, the Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 众所周知,黄河是中国第二长河。 “Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A,B or C?” 意为“哪个/谁是最......,A,B还是C？”。 Who sings best in your class, Lily, Tom or Jack? 你们班谁唱得最好，莉莉，汤姆还是杰克？ 、 单项选择。 1. The National library of China is _____ public library in Asia. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 2. Lingling is one of _____ students in my class. She is always ready to help. A. helpful B. more helpful C. less helpful D. the most helpful 3. AI technology in China has developed ______ than anyone expected. A. fast B. faster C. fastest C D B Write or spell out the numbers. 25,768 5,895 Mount Kilimanjaro is __________ (five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five) metres high. __________ (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight) cubic metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second. The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (_____________) miles long. The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000 (___________________________________) square kilometres. four thousand three hundred and thirty-seven thousand 4b 乞力马扎罗山 因加瀑布 东非大裂谷 塔克拉玛干沙漠 、 在英语中，数字的基本单位有：hundred（百） ，thousand（千） ，million（百万） ，billion（十亿） ，trillion（万亿，兆） 。300 读作 three hundred   5000 读作 five thousand.对于万以上的数字，我们该如何表达呢？这就要记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字为例： 注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、十、个向下读。 6 , 500 , 431 , 729 billion million thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine six billion, five hundred million, four hundred and thirty-one thousand, 大数字的表达方法 18 大数字的英文读法 具体数字读法： 以数字345,678,912为例: 1）从右向左划分:按照三位一节，用逗号隔开，这个数字可划分为345,678,912。从右往左，第一个逗号前是千(thousand)，第二个逗号前是百万(million)，第三个逗号前是十亿(billion) 2）依次读出每一节: 最右边一节912，读作“nine hundred and twelve”(注意，在英式英语中，百位和十位之间常用“and”连接，美式英语中，“and”可省略)。 中间一节678，读作“six hundred and seventy-eight”，加上它的单位“thousand”，这部分就读作“six hundred and seventy-eight thousand”。最左边一节345，读作“three hundred and forty-five”，加上单位“million”，这部分读作“three hundred and forty-five million"。 注意：小数点读作“point”，小数点左边的数按整数读法读，右边的数依次读出每个数字。例如: 3.14读作“three point one four” 8848.86 读作“eight thousand，eight hundred and forty-eight point eight six" . 3）组合起来:整个数字就读作“three hundred and forty-five million, six hundred and seventy-eight thousand, nine hundred and twelve"。 注意 ①and 只在百位和十位之间。 ②十位和个位之间要有连字符。 ③逗号之间并列写即可，无 and 和连字符。 ④hundred、thousand、million、billion前面有具体的数字时，用单数；后面有of时，用复数。 含小数点的数字读法 （1）小数点读 point； （2）小数点右面的小数部分按照个位基数词依次读出； （3）小数点后面遇到 0时，可读 zero，可读字母 O。 2,506,981,765.34 读作：two billion, five hundred and six million, nine hundred and eighty-one thousand, seven hundred and sixty-five point three four Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. large 　amazing　 far　 close 　loud My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world’s ________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went ________ to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew ________ and louder. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ________ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the __________ experience of our trip! largest closer louder most amazing 4c far 结合语境判断比较等级，如： one of the + 形容词最高级； as + 原级 + as； 比较级 + and + 比较级 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.  My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world's ________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went ________ to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew _______ and louder. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as  _____ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the  ______________  experience of our trip! large amazing far close loud largest closer louder far most amazing “one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示 “…… 之一” go closer表示 “走得更近” “比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……” ，这里说明水的声音变得 “越来越大” “as far as the eye could see” 是固定表达，意为 “就肉眼所能看到的范围；一望无际” 在瀑布顶端的水池感受水流，那种体验是 “最可怕的”，也是旅行中 “最令人惊叹的” 经历 Write some questions to compare places. ● What is the highest ...? ● Which park is bigger, ... or ...? ● What is the longest river in Asia? ● Which desert is larger, the Sahara or the Gobi? ● What is the biggest province in China? ● Which city is more crowded, Beijing or Chengdu? ● ... Then ask a partner your questions. 4d Exercises 单项选择 一、单项选择 1.( )—Dad, could I spend my pocket money on beautiful dresses? —It’s OK. But I think spending it on books is ____. A. less meaningful B. less comfortable C. more meaningful D. more comfortable C 2.( )—Can you teach me how to improve spoken English? —The more you practice, ____ it becomes. A. the worse B. the worst C. the better D. the best C 3.( )Look! There is a small ____ in the park. Some ducks and fish are swimming in it. A. hill B. road C. pool D. sea C 4.( )Lingling is one of ____ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A. helpful B. more helpful C. less helpful D. the most helpful D 5.( )Among all the students in our class, Lily runs ____, and Lucy runs ____ than most of us. A. faster; fastest B. fastest; faster C. the faster; the fastest D. the fastest; the faster B 6. （ ）For me, the West Lake is _____ than any other lake in Hangzhou. Its clear water and willow trees make it wonderful place to visit. A. less attractive B. more attractive C. the most attractive D. attractive B （ ）7. To keep healthy, we should eat _____ fast food and do _____ exercise. A. less;more B. fewer;more C. more;less D. fewer;less （ ）8. ----“Food safety” problem is becoming _____ these days. ----I think so. The govement must do something to deal with it. A. smaller and smaller B. better and better C.nicer and nicer D. worse and worse A D 9. Qipao is one of _____ troditional clothes in China, loved by people at home and abroad. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous 10. Among all the subjects, I think math is ____one. I always get good grades in it. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest D D 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. This movie is ____________ (exciting) than that one. 2. It is getting ________ and ________ (warm) as spring comes. 3. The ____________ (careful) you are, the ________ (few) mistakes you will make. 4. This building is three times ________ (tall) than the old one. 5. The ________ (short) of the two pencils is for you. more exciting warmer warmer more careful fewer taller shorter 6. Chen Jie is very ________ (young). She is _________ (young) than Lily. 7. He becomes __________ and __________ (happy). 8. Which is _________ (good), black or white? 9. The ________ (much) you eat, the________ (fat) you are! 10. Which one is ________________ (useful), the pencil, the eraser or the pen? young younger happier happier better more fatter the most useful 11. Sanya is ________ (hot) than Shanghai. 12. The elephant is _________ (heavy) than the giraffe. 13. She is as _______ (good) as Tom. 14. Ann is _________ (clever) than me. 15. This book is not as ______ (new) as that one. hotter heavier good cleverer new 三、句型转换。 1. He is the tallest boy in his class.（改为同义句） He is ________ than ________ ________ boy in his class. 2. This is one of the most popular songs.（改为一般疑问句） ________ this one of ________ ________ popular songs? 3. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.（改为最高级） The Yangtze River is ________ ________ river in China. 4. Which is the best, red, blue or green?（回答：Green is the best.） ________ is the best ________ the three. taller any other Is the most the longest Green of 5. He runs faster than the other members.（改为同义句） He runs ________ than ________ ________ member. 6. Jason is the tallest student in his class. ( 改为同义句) Jason is ________ ________ any other student in his class. taller than 7. The peacock doesn’t think he can sing as well as the nightingale. ( 改为同义句) The peacock thinks the nightingale sings _____ _______ him. better than 返回 faster any other 本课句型 Summary 我都 学会了! Key words Grammar cubic、mile、pool What is the biggest desert in the world? Where is the deepest point in the ocean? Some blind animals can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. Sentences 1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成 2.形容词和副词比较等级的用法 ·规则变化 ·不规则变化 ·原级 ·比较级 ·最高级 3.比较结构的同义转换 Basic (必做) 整理熟记本节课的语法并能灵活运用。 Improving(选做) 2.用所学语法描述 “家乡的一处地标”，至少包含 2 种比较等级。 Extend (选做) 3.用比较级和最高级写一篇作文，描述你的同班同学。 Homework Thank you ! $