Unit 3 Amazing sports.Lesson1知识清单2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

Unit 3 Amazing sports.Lesson1知识清单 Part1核心单词 1 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. 利益；好处 v. 有用，对……有益 benefit n. “利益；好处”，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，指某事带来的积极效果或优势。常用短语： (1) be of benefit to... 对……有利 (2) for the benefit of... 为了……的利益 benefit 还可作动词，意为“对(某人) 有用，对……有益；得益于”，既可作及物动词，后接名词或代词作宾语，也可以用作不及物动词。常见搭配： (1) benefit sb./sth. 有益于某人/ 某物 (2) benefit from... 从……中获益 (3) benefit by 得益于；从……获得好处 beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 例：He did it all for the benefit of his students.他做这一切都是为了他学生的利益。 A good education will benefit you throughout your life.良好的教育会让你终身受益。 We all benefited from his wise advice.我们都从他的明智建议中受益。 Students benefit by participating in group discussions.学生们从参与小组讨论中受益。 2 endurance /ɪn'djʊərəns/n. 忍耐力；耐性 endurance 作不可数名词，意为“忍耐力；耐性”，指在长时间内持续进行某项(体力或脑力) 活动的能力，或面对困难、痛苦时的承受能力。 常见搭配：(1) improve endurance 提升耐力(2) endurance training 耐力训练 (3) endurance sports 耐力运动 endurance 的动词形式为endure，意为“忍耐；忍受”。 例：Reading books for a long time can improve your endurance. 长时间读书可以提高你的耐力。 Can you endure the cold without a coat?你能忍受没有外套的寒冷吗？ 3 stress /stres/ n. 压力；重要性 v. 强调；使紧张 stress n. 意为“压力”，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。常见搭配：(1) under stress 在压力下 (2) deal with stress 应对压力 (3) reduce stress 减轻压力 stress 作名词，还可意为“重要性；重音；重读”。 stress 还可作动词，意为“强调；(使) 焦虑不安”。stress out (使) 紧张，(使) 焦虑 stressed adj. 焦虑不安；心力交瘁。feel stressed 感到紧张 例：Listening to music helps reduce stress.听音乐有助于减轻压力。 The teacher put a lot of stress on doing homework carefully. 老师强调了认真做作业的重要性。 The stress falls on the second syllable.重音落在第二个音节上。 4 rope /rəʊp/ 熟义n. 绳；绳索；圈绳 生义v. 用绳子捆 jumping rope跳绳 例：He tied the horse to a tree with a rope.他用一根绳子把马拴在树上。 He roped the heavy package to carry it more easily.他用绳子捆住那个重包裹，以便更容易携带。 5 push /pʊʃ/ v. 推动(人或物) ；推进 push v. 意为“推动(人或物) ；推进”。其反义词为pull。 push 还可作及物动词，意为“督促；鞭策”，常构成短语 push sb. to do sth.，意为“督促某人做某事”。 push-ups 俯卧撑 例：Can you help me push the door? 你能帮我推一下门吗？ We need to push the project forward quickly.我们需要快速推进项目。 His parents push him to do his homework every day.每天他的父母督促他做他的家庭作业。 6 compete /kəm'piːt/ v. 竞争；参加比赛 compete v. 意为“竞争；参加比赛”。常见搭配： (1) compete with/against sb. 与某人竞争 (2) compete for 为了……而竞争 (3) compete in sth. 参加……比赛 compete 的相关词：competition n. 竞争；比赛 competitor n. 竞争者 例：We compete against/with other schools in the sports meet. 我们在运动会上与其他学校竞争。 The two basketball teams are competing for the championship. 这两支篮球队正在争夺冠军。 She competed in the singing contest last week.她上周参加了歌唱比赛。 She trained hard and became the champion of the dancing competition. 她刻苦训练，成为了舞蹈比赛的冠军。 7 balance /'bæləns/ v. 使平衡；相抵n. 平衡；余额 balance v. 意为“使平衡；相抵”。balance...with/and... 使……与……保持平衡。 balance 还可作名词，意为“平衡；余额”。keep a balance between... and... 保持……和……的平衡。 balanced adj. 均衡的。a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 例：She finds it hard to balance her business with/and her family life. 她发现很难平衡自己的生意和家庭生活。 She lost her balance and fell off the bike.她失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。 After buying the new shoes, his balance was nearly zero. 买了新鞋后，他的余额几乎为零。 Eating a balanced diet is good for your health.均衡的饮食对你的健康有好处。 8 chopsticks /'tʃɒpstɪks/ n. 筷子 chopsticks n. 意为“筷子”，常以复数形式出现。 (1) a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 (2) several pairs of chopsticks 几双筷子 例：Chopsticks are used for eating in many Asian countries.在许多亚洲国家，筷子被用来吃饭。 When dining alone, you only need a pair of chopsticks.独自用餐时，你只需要一双筷子。 Part2 核心短语 at the age of... 在……岁时 at the age of... 相当于when 引导的时间状语从句：when sb. be... year(s) old。 例：He started the erhu lesson at the age of 7. 他7 岁开始上二胡课。 My brother began to play basketball at the age of twelve. 我的表哥在十二岁时开始打篮球。 She made her first friend at the age of five. = She made her first friend when she was five years old. 5 岁时，她交到了第一个朋友。 Part3 核心句式 1 There is a basketball game going on. 有一场篮球比赛正在进行。 (1)分析结构：这是一个There be 句型。主语是a basketball game，现在分词短语going on 作后置定语，修饰主语a basketball game，说明篮球比赛正在进行。 (2)“There be + 主语 + 现在分词(短语) (+ 地点.) ”通过现在分词(短语) 来体现“正在进行”的状态，表示“(某地) 有某事正在发生。”there be 句型结构遵循“就近原则” 例：There is a party going on at the club.俱乐部里正在举行一场派对。 There are two boys and a girl dancing under the tree.树下有两个男孩和一个女孩在跳舞。 2 David was only two seconds slower than me. 大卫只比我慢两秒。 (1)分析结构：这是一个简单句。主语是David，系动词是was，only two seconds slower than me 作表语，其中only作状语，two seconds slower than me 是一个比较级结构，用来说明主语David 的状态，slower 为形容词比较级。 (2)“A + be 动词/ 实义动词 + 形容词/ 副词比较级 + than + B.” 意为“A 在某方面比 B 更……”。 需要注意的是：比较对象需“同类”，即A 和 B 必须是同一类人/ 事物。 例：Sarah was half a minute faster than Tom in the race.萨拉在比赛中比汤姆快半分钟。 She dances better than I do. 她比我跳得更好。 3 Everyone competed in each event, one by one. one by one逐个地；逐一地 4 Tom did his best, but his ping-pong ball kept falling off his chopsticks. fall off落下；跌落 5 Lisa won second place in the long jump. She jumped very far, but Kim jumped farther. farther是far 的比较级。farther 主要指物理上的距离“更远”；further 主要指程度或抽象意义上的“更进一步”。 6 Sports not only keep us healthy, but also help us make new friends. 长难句分析：该句由not only... but also...连接两个并列部分keep us healthy与help us make new friends。Sports是主语，keep和help是谓语，us是宾语，healthy是形容词作宾语补足语；make new friends是省略to的动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。 7 Sports are good for our health. be good for 对……有益 8 It helps me stay in shape, improves my endurance, and reduces my stress. stay/keep in shape 保持身材 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $