内容正文:
专题02 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法
Unit 3 Keep Fit
重点单词及变形
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1. fit (形容词) 健康的
【变形】 (名词) fitness(健身)
2. hardly (副词) 几乎没有
【变形】 (形容词) hard(困难的、硬的)/(副词)(努力地)
3. once (副词) 一次
【变形】 (基数词) one(一)
(序数词) first(第一)
4. twice (副词) 两次
【变形】 (基数词) two(二)
(序数词) second(第二)
5. mine (名词性物主代词) 我的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词)my(我的)
6. hers (名词性物主代词) 她的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) her(她的)
7. theirs (名词性物主代词) 他们的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) their(他们的)
8. sleepy (形容词) 困倦的
【变形】 (动词/名词) sleep(睡觉)
9. succeed (动词) 成功
【变形】 (名词) success(成功)
(形容词) successful(成功的)
10. ours (名词性物主代词) 我们的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) our(我们的)
11. jog (动词) 慢跑
【变形】 (现在分词) jogging
必背短语
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1. 几乎不 hardly ever
2. 在那边 over there
3. 属于(某人) belong to
4. 开始、起初 at the start
5. 锻炼 work out
6. 保持健康 keep fit/healthy
7. 多久一次 how often
8. 一两次 once or twice
9. 一周三次 three times a week
10. 做运动 play sport
11.去游泳 go swimming
12. 做锻炼 do exercise
13. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.
14. 玩得高兴 have fun
15. 建立团队精神 build team spirit
16. 两者都 both... and...
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用法精萃
1.like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事
2.hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事
hear sb do sth 听见某人做了/常做某事
3.keep(sb)+形容词 保持(某人)······
4. the way of doing sth / the way to do sth 做某事的方式/方法
5. give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物
6.feel+形容词 觉得······
7. Whose+名词+be + it /they? 它/它们是谁的······?
8. How often do/does sb do sth? 某人做某事多久一次?
9. There is/are+名词+地点状语. 某地有某物。
10. It is+形容词+to do sth. 做某事是······的。
11.So+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+(另一)主语. 某人/某物也是如此。
重点句型
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1.你多久做一次运动锻炼?
How often do you do sport or exercise?
2.我一周打三次。
I play it three times a week.
3.熟能生巧。
Practice makes perfect.
4.我有时和艾拉打羽毛球。
I sometimes play badminton with Ella.
5.我们应该找个时间双打。
We should all play doubles sometime!
6.这件T恤衫属于谁的?
Who does this T - shirt belong to?
7.保持健康很难!
Keeping fit is hard!
8.开始很难我还是很困。
It’s hard at the start when I’m still sleepy.
9.空气很清新,我能听见鸟儿的唱歌。
The air is clean, and I can hear birds singing.
10.但是下雨的时候经常在家锻炼。
But usually exercise at home instead when it rains.
11.我的滑板很酷,他们的也是。
My skateboard is really cool, and so are theirs.
12.我们互相鼓励做花样。
We encourage one another to do tricks.
13.我们也锻炼许多因为他让我们健康帮我们打得更好。
We exercise a lot because it keeps us fit and helps us play better.
14.棒球也可以树立团队精神。
Baseball also builds team spirit.
15.我们都是好朋友,不管是赛场上还是赛场下。
All of us are good friends, both on and off the field.
语法梳理
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语法点01 物主代词的分类
物主代词是表示所有关系的动词,可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,它有人称和数的不同,具体用法见下表。
数
单数
复数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
含义
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
【注意】his, its既可用作形容词性物主代词,也可用作名词性物主代词。
(本单元我们重点学习名词性物主代词的用法)
2、名词性物主代词的用法
(1)名词性物主代词在句中独立使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,其后不能再接名词。
My notebook is red and hers is yellow.我的笔记本是红色的,她的(笔记本)是黄色的。
her notebook
Are the balls yours?这些球是你(们)的吗?
your balls
(2)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语表语或宾语。用作主语时,谓语动词的数应随所指对象的数而定。
This is my watch. Yours is on the desk.这是我的手表。你的(手表)在书桌上。
Your watch
-Are these your baseballs? 这些是你的棒球吗?
-No, mine are in my bag.不是,我的(棒球)在我的包里。 my baseballs
练一练
【典例分析】
1. —Is that eraser?
—No, it isn’t. It’s .
A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——那是你的橡皮么?——不,不是。它是她的(橡皮)。
考查物主代词。根据问句中的“eraser橡皮”可知,空格处要填形容词性物主代词,修饰“eraser”,作定语。根据答句“It’s...它是…… ”可知,答句要填名词性物主代词,作表语。选项中只有“hers(=her eraser)”是名词性物主代词,故选B。
2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .
A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空后无名词用名词性物主代词,第二个空用宾格形式。
3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.
A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers
【答案】B
【解析】此处的两个空都是修饰名词的,所以应该用形容词性物主代词。
4.—Is this____ computer?
—Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.
A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——这是你的电脑吗?——是的,它是我的,我母亲买给我的。考查物主代词。A. you; 你,人称代词主格和宾格;me我,人称代词宾格;B. your;你的,形容词性物主代词; my 我的,形容词性物主代词;C. yours;你的,名词性物主代词; mine 我的,名词性物主代词; D. your;你的,形容词性物主代词; mine我的,名词性物主代词。前者修饰其后的名词computer,应用形容词性的物主代词,表示“你的”应用your;后者没有名词,表示“我的电脑”,应用名词性的物主代词,表示“我的”应用mine。结合句意和语境可知选D。
5. —Is this________ ruler?
—Yes, it’s her ruler.
A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister
【答案】B
【解析】根据答语中的her可以推测问句应为"这是你妹妹的尺子吗?"your sister’s意为"你妹妹的"。故选B。
6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates?
—Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.
A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——杰瑞,那个戴眼镜的男孩是我们的新同学吗?——是的。让我们向他问好。考查代词辨析。前句名词classmates需用形容词性物主代词修饰;us(我们)是人称代词宾格,ours(我们的)是名词性物主代词,可排除BC两项。后句say hello to需接宾格代词,意思是“向他问好”;he(他)是人称代词主格,可排除A项。根据句意语境,可知选D。
7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
【答案】C
【解析】句意:汤姆是我最好的朋友。我经常和他一起打篮球。A. he“他”,代词主格B. his“他的”,形容词性或名词性物主代词;C. him“他”,代词宾格;D. himself“他自己”,反身代词。介词with后跟代词宾格形式,故答案为C。
注意:人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格);物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词用作定语,修饰名词,如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如:His hands are dirtier than mine (my hands).
8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.
A. him B. her C. them D. it
【答案】D
【解析】it 代替前面the book 。
9. — Are these _______ pencils? — No. They are _______.
A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the
【答案】B
【解析】pencil 铅笔。名词前面用形容词性的物主代词。后一空用名词性物主代词。
10. — Whose bike is this? — It’s ______.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
【答案】D
【解析】他是我的。 Mine=my bike
二、 按提示的人称用适当形式的代词填空。
1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.
2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.
3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.
4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.
5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.
6. Is that box _________ (you)? Yes, it’s __________ (my).
7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).
8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.
9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).
10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.
【答案】1.your 2.her 3.her it 4. They their 5.my she 6.yours mine 7.our theirs 8.my she 9.hers him 10. His hers
语法点02 形容词
一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语:
always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month
例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。
例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。
①其中根据频度的“密疏”,频度副词的排列顺序是:always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never
always
总是,一直
100%
usually
通常
80%左右
often
经常
50%
sometimes
有时
20%
seldom
很少
5%
never
从不,绝不
0%
②频度副词通常放在行为动词之前,be动词、助动词和情态动词之后;而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。
I often get up early. 我经常起得早。
He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。
I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。
③对频度副词提问时,用how often.
--How often do you go to see your grandparents? --Once a week.
【典例分析】
1 Helen is a quiet girl. She _____ talks to other students.
A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often
【答案】A
【解析】海伦是一个文静的女孩,她很少与别人说话。
2. I ________ watch this TV programme. It's very interesting.
A.often B.never C.hardly D.seldom
【答案】A
【解析】此题用题眼法解答。由后句“它是非常有趣的。”可知,前句意为“我常常看这个电视节目。”故选A。
2. —________ does your father play tennis after work?
—Every Tuesday and Thursday.
A.How often B.How soon C.Where D.Why
【答案】A
【解析】此题用题眼法解答。由答语Every Tuesday and Thursday.可知询问频率。故选A。
3. The weather ________ fine in July.
A.usually is B.is usually C.usually D.usually be
【答案】B
【解析】此题考查频度副词的位置。频度副词一般用在系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。故选B。
4.—I hate(讨厌) vegetables. I ______eat them.
—But they are good for your health!You should eat them every day.
A.always B.seldom C.often D.usually
【答案】B
【解析】题眼法。由hate可知是很少吃或不吃,故选B。
5.—Do you like watching TV, Kate?
—Yes, I ________ TV in the evening.
A.never watch B.watch often C.watch usually D.always watch
【答案】D
【解析】用语法判定法。由答语中的“Yes” 可排除 A项,often, usually, always 常放在实义动词前面,故选D。
6.-- _______ do you usually do your housework?
-- Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. Where D. What
【答案】B
【解析】根据回答:一周一次,可见提问的频率。提问频率用特殊疑问词how often。因此本题选B。
Unit 4 Eat Well 重点单词变形
1. well (副词) 好地
【变形】 (形容词) good(好的)
2. preference (名词) 偏爱
【变形】 (动词) prefer(更喜爱)
3. choice (名词) 选择
【变形】 (动词) choose(选择)
4. western (形容词) 西方的
【变形】 (名词) west(西方)
5. Chinese (形容词) 中国的
【变形】 (名词) China(中国)
6. America (名词) 美国、美洲
【变形】 (形容词) American(美国的、美洲的)
7. humorous (形容词) 幽默的
【变形】 (名词) humor(幽默)
8. more (形容词比较级) 更多的
【变形】 (原级) many/much(许多的)
9. eating (形容词) 饮食的
【变形】 (动词) eat(吃)
10. important (形容词) 重要的
【变形】 (名词) importance(重要性)
11. weight (名词) 重量
【变形】 (动词) weigh(称重)
12. later (副词) 后来
【变形】 (形容词/副词) late(晚的/地)
13. balanced (形容词) 平衡的
【变形】 (名词) balance(平衡)
14. sweets (名词) 糖果
【变形】 (形容词) sweet(甜的)
15. salt (名词) 盐
【变形】 (形容词) salty(咸的)
16. better(比较级) 更好的/地
【变形】 (形容词/副词) good/well(好的/地)
重点短语
1.炸鱼薯条 fish and chips
2. ......怎么样 What about...?
3. 搭配、相配 go with
4. 增加 put on
5. 太......以至于不能 too...to
6. 想要做某事 would like to do sth.
7. 看电影 watch a movie
8. 精力充沛 be full of energy
9. 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
10. 牛肉面 beef noodles
11. 饮食习惯 eating habits
12. 集中 focus on
13. 远离 keep... away
14. 各种各样的 all kinds of ...
15. 更喜欢;宁愿 prefer to do sth
16. 未来 in future
用法精萃
1.would like to do sth 想要干某事
2.try to do sth 尽力干某事
3.mean doing sth 意味着干某事
4.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
5.too many +可数名词的复数 太多......
6.Welcome to ... 欢迎来到......
7.Let’s do sth 咱们干某事吧!
8.Here is /are ... 这是......
9.What do / does sb have for +某餐? 某人某餐吃什么?
10.What/ How about doing sth ?做某事怎么样?
11.I'm sure + (that) 从句 我确信......
12.find it + 形容词 +to do sth 发现干某事......
13.too + 形容词/ 副词 + to do sth 太......而不能做某事
14.Why don’t you do sth ? 你(们)为什么不做某事呢?=Why not do sth ?
重点句型
1.你想吃什么?
What would you like to eat?
2.你通常早/午/晚餐吃什么?
What do you usually have for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner?
3.你想要吃中餐还是西餐?
Would you like to eat Chinese food or western food?
4.你真是精力充沛!
You’re full of energy!
5.宫保鸡丁怎么样?
What about Gongbao chicken?
6.这是你的菜单。
Here is a menu for you.
7.你们提供鱼吗?
Do you serve fish?
8.你想要薯条、面条还是米饭来搭配你的鸡肉?
Would you like chips, noodles or rice to go with your chicken.
9.但是我妈妈说喝太多不好。
But my mum says that it’s not good to drink too much of it.
10.健康的饮食对健康的身体喝头脑很重要。
Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind.
11.那让我们增肥。
That makes us put on weight.
12.经常吃像披萨和汉堡随后可能导致心脏问题。
Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later.
13.如果你自己做饭,你可以做健康均衡的饭菜。
If you cook your own meals instead, you can make healthy balanced meals.
14.如果我们不吃早饭,我们很容易感到困,发现集中在工作和学习上很难。
It is easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast.
15.毕竟,一天天一个苹果医生远离我。
After all, an apple a day keeps the doctor away.
16.健康的饮食意味着吃健康的食物和有好的饮食习惯。
Healthy eating means eating healthy food and having good eating habits.
语法精讲
语法点01选择疑问句
1.概念及分类
Would you like milk or coffee?
你要牛奶还是咖啡?
Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math?
你最喜欢哪门学科, 英语、语文还是数学?
注:选择疑问句是提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择,一般用连词 or 连接。
2.选择疑问句的句型结构:
①一般疑问句+ or+被选择的情况?
Are you a doctor or a nurse?
你是医生还是护士?
②特殊疑问句, A or B?
How shall we go, by bus or by taxi?
我们怎么去,乘公共汽车或乘出租车?
③or not构成的选择疑问句
Are you ready or not?
你准备好了还是没准备好?
3.选择疑问句的用法
(1)一般疑问句+ or+被选择的情况?
Are you a teacher or a student?
你是老师还是学生?
Are you French or German?
你是法国人还是德国人?
(2)特殊疑问句, A or B?
Which is better, Paris or Beijing?
巴黎和北京哪个更好?
How many times a week do you exercise, twice or three times?
你每周锻炼多少次, 两次还是三次?
(3) or not构成的选择疑问句
Do you want to buy it or not?
你想买还是不想买?
Are you coming to the party, or not?
你会来参加聚会吗, 还是不会?
4.选择疑问句的答语
回答选择疑问句时,一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择,有时也要视具体情况作灵活处理,但不能用 Yes/No 来回答,一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式。
①--Which would you like, tea or coffee?
--Coffee.
不定代词作简略回答:( all, both, either, neither, none) 不定代词的回答比较灵活
--Would you like coffee or tea?
--Either, I’m so thirsty(口渴的).
语法点02 would like的用法
1. would like的基本用法
①would like sth 想要某物
I would like some apples 我想要一些苹果
②would like to do sh想要/愿意做某事
My parents would like to meet you.我父母想见见你。
③would like sb. to dosh想要某人做某事
I'd like you to join us 我想让你加入我们。
2.would like的疑问句及其回答
①Would you like a/an/some...? 你想要......吗?
肯定回答:Yes, please.
否定回答:No, thanks.
②Would you like to do...? 你想/愿意做......吗?
肯定回答:Yes/Sure,I'd like/love to. 否定回答:Sorry/I'd love to, but...
③-What would you like? 你想要什么?
-I'd like...
④What would you like to do? 你想做什么?
-I'd like to...
-Would you like some tea? 你想喝点儿茶吗?
-Yes, please.是的,我想。/No, thanks. 不,谢谢。
-Would you like to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我去看电影吗?
- Yes, I'd love to. 是的,我愿意。/I'd love to, but I'm busy. 我想去,但我很忙。
-What would you like? 你想要什么?
-I'd like some eggs. 我想要些鸡蛋。
语法点03可数名词与不可数名词
英语中的名词按其表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以直接用数目来计数的人或物,有单数和复数两种形式。不可数名词指不可以直接用数目计数的名词,没有单复数之分。
1.可数名词数量的表达
单数可数名词前常用不定冠词a/an修饰,表示“一个”或“一类”;可数名词复数可用 many, some, a lot of(lots of)及enough等表示数量的词(组)来修饰,也可用“不定冠词/数词+表示量的名词+of+可数名词复数”来表示。
a sweater一件毛衣 many oranges许多橙子 two bags of apples 两袋苹果
2.不可数名词量的表达
不可数名词没有复数形式,不可用a/an修饰,可用any, much, some, a lot of(lots of),enough等修饰。不可数名词的“量”要用“不定冠词/数词+表示量的名词+of+不可数名词”来表示。
some milk一些牛奶 a bottle of water一瓶水
3.可数名词和不可数名词都可用定冠词the、名词所有格或形容词性物主代词修饰。
the students 这些学生们
the juice 这些果汁
his/Mike's yogurt/strawberries他的/迈克的酸奶/草莓
4.名词作主语,谓语动词的数
可数名词在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式随主语的单复数形式作相应的变化;不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;如果不可数名词前有表示量的名词修饰,则谓语动词的单复数要取决于表示量的名词的单复数。
These apples are red. 这些苹果是红色的。
His friend looks different. 他的朋友看起来不同。
The tea in the cup is hot. 杯子里的茶是热的。
These two cups of water are for him. 这两杯水是给他的。
5.对名词数量的提问
对可数名词的数量进行提问用how many;对不可数名词的量进行提问用how much.
How many ears does it have? 它有多少只耳朵?
How much water do you want? 你想要多少水?
【拓展】
①有些名词形式上是单数,但实际上表示复数概念。如:people(人们),police(警察)。
②还有一些名词常以复数形式出现。如:glasses(眼镜), scissors(剪刀),clothes(衣服),jeans(牛仔裤),shorts(短裤)。
一、将可数名词和不可数名词分类,填入对应的位置:
apple, bread, coffee, egg, juice, milk, potato, advice, tomato, tea, desk, guitar, tree, bus, weather, information
可数名词:________________________________________________________________ ______________
不可数名词:___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】可数名词:apple, egg, potato, tomato, tea, desk, guitar, tree, bus,
不可数名词bread, coffee, juice, milk, advice, tea, weather, information
单项选择
1. —How can I get some ______ about the 2024 Olympic Games?
—Why not search the Internet?
A. information B. experience C. practice
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我怎样才能得到一些关于2024年奥运会的信息?——为什么不上网搜索呢?information 不可数名词。
2. —What would you like to eat?
—Some ______, please.
A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea
【答案】A
【解析】你想吃什么?cake可数名词。要用复数。
3. Mr. Black gave us ______ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. some advices
【答案】C
【解析】advice 不可数名词,没有单复数之分。故答案选C。
4. —______ there any living things on other planets?
—I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
【答案】B
【解析】there are/is 表示存在的“有”there be 后面名词是主语。living things 是复数故用are。
5. There ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
【答案】 sheep
【解析】单复数同形。lots of sheep 是复数故用are。选D
6.Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
【答案】C
【解析】German德国人复数规则变化。+s。 Japanese 单复数同形。
7.There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
【答案】D
【解析】女教师woman teacher 复数形式。是women teachers 这2个词都变成复数形式。apple tree 的复数形式只将中心词“apple”变成复数就可以。
8.Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
【答案】A
【解析】rubbish“垃圾”,为不可数名词,没有复数形式。
$专题02 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法
Unit 3 Keep Fit
重点单词及变形
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1. _______________ (形容词) 健康的
【变形】 (名词)_______________(健身)
2. _______________ (副词) 几乎没有
【变形】 (形容词) _______________(困难的、硬的)/(副词)(努力地)
3. _______________ (副词) 一次
【变形】 (基数词)_______________(一)
(序数词)_______________(第一)
4. _______________ (副词) 两次
【变形】 (基数词) _______________(二)
(序数词) _______________(第二)
5. _______________(名词性物主代词) 我的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词)_______________(我的)
6. _______________(名词性物主代词) 她的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) _______________(她的)
7. _______________ (名词性物主代词) 他们的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) _______________(他们的)
8. _______________ (形容词) 困倦的
【变形】 (动词/名词)_______________(睡觉)
9. _______________ (动词) 成功
【变形】 (名词) _______________(成功)
(形容词) _______________(成功的)
10. _______________ (名词性物主代词) 我们的
【变形】 (形容词性物主代词) _______________(我们的)
11. _______________ (动词) 慢跑
【变形】 (现在分词) _______________
必背短语
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1_____________________ 几乎不 hardly ever
2_____________________ 在那边 over there
3_____________________ 属于(某人) belong to
4_____________________ 开始、起初 at the start
5_____________________ 锻炼 work out
6_____________________ 保持健康 keep fit/heal
7_____________________ 多久一次 how often
8_____________________ 一两次 once or twice
9_____________________ 一周三次 three times
10_____________________ 做运动 play sport
11_____________________去游泳 go swimming
12_____________________ 做锻炼 do exercise
13_____________________ 鼓励某人做某事
14_____________________ 玩得高兴 have fun
15_____________________ 建立团队精神spirit
16_____________________ 两者都 and...
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用法精萃
1.__________________________ 喜欢做某事
2. __________________________听见某人正在做某事
__________________________听见某人做了/常做某事
3. __________________________ 保持(某人)······
4. __________________________ 做某事的方式/方法
5. __________________________给某人某物
6. __________________________觉得······
7. __________________________ 它/它们是谁的······?
8. __________________________ 某人做某事多久一次?
9. __________________________ 某地有某物。
10. __________________________做某事是······的。
11. __________________________某人/某物也是如此。
重点句型
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1.你多久做一次运动锻炼?
______ _______ do you ______ ________or exercise?
2.我一周打三次。
I play it ______ ______ _______ ________.
3.熟能生巧。
_________________________________.
4.我有时和艾拉打羽毛球。
I sometimes________ ________ with Ella.
5.我们应该找个时间双打。
We should all _______ _______ _________!
6.这件T恤衫属于谁的?
Who does this T – shirt______ ________?
7.保持健康很难!
__________________________________!
8.开始很难我还是很困。
It’s hard_______ _______ _______ when I’m still sleepy.
9.空气很清新,我能听见鸟儿的唱歌。
The air is clean, and I can_______ _______ _________.
10.但是下雨的时候经常在家锻炼。
But usually exercise _______ ________ instead when it rains.
11.我的滑板很酷,他们的也是。
My skateboard is really cool, and______ _______ ______.
12.我们互相鼓励做花样。
We ___________ one another ______ ________ tricks.
13.我们也锻炼许多因为他让我们健康帮我们打得更好。
We exercise a lot because it _______ _______ _______ and helps us play better.
14.棒球也可以树立团队精神。
Baseball also______ ________ _________.
15.我们都是好朋友,不管是赛场上还是赛场下。
All of us are good friends, ______ on ________ off the field.
语法梳理
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语法点01 物主代词的分类
物主代词是表示所有关系的动词,可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,它有人称和数的不同,具体用法见下表。
数
单数
复数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
含义
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
【注意】his, its既可用作形容词性物主代词,也可用作名词性物主代词。
(本单元我们重点学习名词性物主代词的用法)
2、名词性物主代词的用法
(1)名词性物主代词在句中独立使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,其后不能再接名词。
My notebook is red and hers is yellow.我的笔记本是红色的,她的(笔记本)是黄色的。
her notebook
Are the balls yours?这些球是你(们)的吗?
your balls
(2)名词性物主代词在句中可作主语表语或宾语。用作主语时,谓语动词的数应随所指对象的数而定。
This is my watch. Yours is on the desk.这是我的手表。你的(手表)在书桌上。
Your watch
-Are these your baseballs? 这些是你的棒球吗?
-No, mine are in my bag.不是,我的(棒球)在我的包里。 my baseballs
练一练
【典例分析】
1. —Is that eraser?
—No, it isn’t. It’s .
A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your
2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .
A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers
3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.
A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers
4.—Is this____ computer?
—Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.
A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine
5. —Is this________ ruler?
—Yes, it’s her ruler.
A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister
6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates?
—Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.
A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him
7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.
A. him B. her C. them D. it
9. — Are these _______ pencils? — No. They are _______.
A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the
10. — Whose bike is this? — It’s ______.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
二、 按提示的人称用适当形式的代词填空。
1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.
2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.
3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.
4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.
5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.
6. Is that box _________ (you)? Yes, it’s __________ (my).
7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).
8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.
9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).
10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.
语法点02 形容词
一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语:
always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month
例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。
例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。
①其中根据频度的“密疏”,频度副词的排列顺序是:always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never
always
总是,一直
100%
usually
通常
80%左右
often
经常
50%
sometimes
有时
20%
seldom
很少
5%
never
从不,绝不
0%
②频度副词通常放在行为动词之前,be动词、助动词和情态动词之后;而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。
I often get up early. 我经常起得早。
He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。
I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。
③对频度副词提问时,用how often.
—How often do you go to see your grandparents?
—Once a week.
【典例分析】
1 Helen is a quiet girl. She _____ talks to other students.
A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often
2. I ________ watch this TV programme. It's very interesting.
A.often B.never C.hardly D.seldom
2. —________ does your father play tennis after work?
—Every Tuesday and Thursday.
A.How often B.How soon C.Where D.Why
3. The weather ________ fine in July.
A.usually is B.is usually C.usually D.usually be
4.—I hate(讨厌) vegetables. I ______eat them.
—But they are good for your health!You should eat them every day.
A.always B.seldom C.often D.usually
5.—Do you like watching TV, Kate?
—Yes, I ________ TV in the evening.
A.never watch B.watch often C.watch usually D.always watch
6.-- _______ do you usually do your housework?
-- Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. Where D. What
Unit 4 Eat Well
重点单词变形
1. ________________ (副词) 好地
【变形】 (形容词)________________(好的)
2. ________________ (名词) 偏爱
【变形】 (动词) ________________(更喜爱)
3. ________________ (名词) 选择
【变形】 (动词)________________(选择)
4. ________________(形容词) 西方的
【变形】 (名词)________________(西方)
5. ________________(形容词) 中国的
【变形】 (名词) ________________(中国)
6. ________________(名词) 美国、美洲
【变形】 (形容词)___________(美国的、美洲的)
7. ________________ (形容词) 幽默的
【变形】 (名词)________________(幽默)
8. ________________ (形容词比较级) 更多的
【变形】 (原级) ________________(许多的)
9. ________________ (形容词) 饮食的
【变形】 (动词) ______________(吃)
10. ________________ (形容词) 重要的
【变形】 (名词)________________(重要性)
11. ________________名词) 重量
【变形】 (动词) ________________(称重)
12. ________________ (副词) 后来
【变形】 (形容词/副词)_____________(晚的/地)
13. ________________(形容词) 平衡的
【变形】 (名词) ________________(平衡)
14. ________________ (名词) 糖果
【变形】 (形容词) ________________(甜的)
15. ________________ (名词) 盐
【变形】 (形容词)________________(咸的)
16. ________________(比较级) 更好的/地
【变形】 (形容词/副词) ____________(好的/地)
重点短语
1._________________炸鱼薯条 fish and chips
2. _________________ ......怎么样 What about...?
3. _________________ 搭配、相配 go with
4. _________________ 增加 put on
5. _________________ 太......以至于不能
6. _________________ 想要做某事o sth.
7. _________________ 看电影 watch a movie
8. _________________ 精力充沛 be full of energy
9. _________________ 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast dck
10. _________________ 牛肉面 beef noodles
11. _________________ 饮食习惯 eating habits
12. _________________ 集中 focus on
13. _________________ 远离 keep... away
14. _________________ 各种各样的 all kinds of ...
15. _________________ 更喜欢;宁愿 prefer to do
16. _________________ 未来 in future
用法精萃
1.__________________________________________ 想要干某事
2.__________________________________________ 尽力干某事
3.__________________________________________ 意味着干某事
4.__________________________________________ 使某人做某事
5.__________________________________________ 可数名词的复数 太多......
6.__________________________________________ .欢迎来到......
7.__________________________________________ 咱们干某事吧!
8.__________________________________________ 这是......
9.__________________________________________某人某餐吃什么?
10.__________________________________________做某事怎么样?
11.__________________________________________ 我确信......
12.__________________________________________发现干某事......
13__________________________________________太......而不能做某事
14.__________________________________________你(们)为什么不做某事呢?=Why not do sth ?
重点句型
1.你想吃什么?
What _______ you _______ to eat?
2.你通常早/午/晚餐吃什么?
What do you usually_______ ______breakfast/ lunch/ dinner?
3.你想要吃中餐还是西餐?
Would you like to eat ______ ______ ______ _______ _______?
4.你真是精力充沛!
You’re ______ ______ ______!
5.宫保鸡丁怎么样?
________ _________Gongbao chicken?
6.这是你的菜单。
Here is ______ ______ _____ _______.
7.你们提供鱼吗?
Do you ______ _______?
8.你想要薯条、面条还是米饭来搭配你的鸡肉?
Would you like chips, noodles or rice_____ _____ ______ your chicken.
9.但是我妈妈说喝太多不好。
But my mum says that it’s _____ _____ _____ _____ too much of it.
10.健康的饮食对健康的身体喝头脑很重要。
Healthy eating is important for_____ _____ _____ _______ ______.
11.那让我们增肥。
That makes us______ ______ _______.
12.经常吃像披萨和汉堡随后可能导致心脏问题。
Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may______ ______ ______ later.
13.如果你自己做饭,你可以做健康均衡的饭菜。
If you cook your own meals instead, you can make______ ______ _______.
14.如果我们不吃早饭,我们很容易感到困,发现集中在工作和学习上很难。
It is easy to _____ _______ and find it hard to______ _______our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast.
15.毕竟,一天天一个苹果医生远离我。
____________________________________________________________
16.健康的饮食意味着吃健康的食物和有好的饮食习惯。
Healthy eating means eating healthy food and _______ _______ _______ ___________.
语法精讲
语法点01选择疑问句
1.概念及分类
Would you like milk or coffee?
你要牛奶还是咖啡?
Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math?
你最喜欢哪门学科, 英语、语文还是数学?
注:选择疑问句是提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择,一般用连词 or 连接。
2.选择疑问句的句型结构:
①一般疑问句+ or+被选择的情况?
Are you a doctor or a nurse?
你是医生还是护士?
②特殊疑问句, A or B?
How shall we go, by bus or by taxi?
我们怎么去,乘公共汽车或乘出租车?
③or not构成的选择疑问句
Are you ready or not?
你准备好了还是没准备好?
3.选择疑问句的用法
(1)一般疑问句+ or+被选择的情况?
Are you a teacher or a student?
你是老师还是学生?
Are you French or German?
你是法国人还是德国人?
(2)特殊疑问句, A or B?
Which is better, Paris or Beijing?
巴黎和北京哪个更好?
How many times a week do you exercise, twice or three times?
你每周锻炼多少次, 两次还是三次?
(3) or not构成的选择疑问句
Do you want to buy it or not?
你想买还是不想买?
Are you coming to the party, or not?
你会来参加聚会吗, 还是不会?
4.选择疑问句的答语
回答选择疑问句时,一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择,有时也要视具体情况作灵活处理,但不能用 Yes/No 来回答,一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式。
①—Which would you like, tea or coffee?
—Coffee.
不定代词作简略回答:( all, both, either, neither, none) 不定代词的回答比较灵活
—Would you like coffee or tea?
—Either, I’m so thirsty(口渴的).
语法点02 would like的用法
1. would like的基本用法
①would like sth 想要某物
I would like some apples 我想要一些苹果
②would like to do sh想要/愿意做某事
My parents would like to meet you.我父母想见见你。
③would like sb. to dosh想要某人做某事
I'd like you to join us 我想让你加入我们。
2.would like的疑问句及其回答
①Would you like a/an/some...? 你想要......吗?
肯定回答:Yes, please.
否定回答:No, thanks.
②Would you like to do...? 你想/愿意做......吗?
肯定回答:Yes/Sure,I'd like/love to. 否定回答:Sorry/I'd love to, but...
③—What would you like? 你想要什么?
—I'd like...
④—What would you like to do? 你想做什么?
—I'd like to...
—Would you like some tea? 你想喝点儿茶吗?
—Yes, please.是的,我想。/No, thanks. 不,谢谢。
—Would you like to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我去看电影吗?
—Yes, I'd love to. 是的,我愿意。/I'd love to, but I'm busy. 我想去,但我很忙。
—What would you like? 你想要什么?
—I'd like some eggs. 我想要些鸡蛋。
语法点03可数名词与不可数名词
英语中的名词按其表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以直接用数目来计数的人或物,有单数和复数两种形式。不可数名词指不可以直接用数目计数的名词,没有单复数之分。
1.可数名词数量的表达
单数可数名词前常用不定冠词a/an修饰,表示“一个”或“一类”;可数名词复数可用 many, some, a lot of(lots of)及enough等表示数量的词(组)来修饰,也可用“不定冠词/数词+表示量的名词+of+可数名词复数”来表示。
a sweater一件毛衣 many oranges许多橙子 two bags of apples 两袋苹果
2.不可数名词量的表达
不可数名词没有复数形式,不可用a/an修饰,可用any, much, some, a lot of(lots of),enough等修饰。不可数名词的“量”要用“不定冠词/数词+表示量的名词+of+不可数名词”来表示。
some milk一些牛奶 a bottle of water一瓶水
3.可数名词和不可数名词都可用定冠词the、名词所有格或形容词性物主代词修饰。
the students 这些学生们
the juice 这些果汁
his/Mike's yogurt/strawberries他的/迈克的酸奶/草莓
4.名词作主语,谓语动词的数
可数名词在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式随主语的单复数形式作相应的变化;不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;如果不可数名词前有表示量的名词修饰,则谓语动词的单复数要取决于表示量的名词的单复数。
These apples are red. 这些苹果是红色的。
His friend looks different. 他的朋友看起来不同。
The tea in the cup is hot. 杯子里的茶是热的。
These two cups of water are for him. 这两杯水是给他的。
5.对名词数量的提问
对可数名词的数量进行提问用how many;对不可数名词的量进行提问用how much.
How many ears does it have? 它有多少只耳朵?
How much water do you want? 你想要多少水?
【拓展】
①有些名词形式上是单数,但实际上表示复数概念。如:people(人们),police(警察)。
②还有一些名词常以复数形式出现。如:glasses(眼镜), scissors(剪刀),clothes(衣服),jeans(牛仔裤),shorts(短裤)。
一、将可数名词和不可数名词分类,填入对应的位置:
apple, bread, coffee, egg, juice, milk, potato, advice, tomato, tea, desk, guitar, tree, bus, weather, information
可数名词:________________________________________________________________ ______________
不可数名词:___________________________________________________________________________
单项选择
1. —How can I get some ______ about the 2024 Olympic Games?
—Why not search the Internet?
A. information B. experience C. practice
2. —What would you like to eat?
—Some ______, please.
A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea
3. Mr. Black gave us ______ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. some advices
4. —______ there any living things on other planets?
—I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
5. There ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
6.Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
7.There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
8.Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
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