Unit4 Adversity and Courage Discover useful structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Discover useful structures the present perfect continuous tense To learn the present perfect continuous tense. To practice the present perfect continuous tense by completing some exercises. 1 Lead in Listen to an English song and try to fill in the blanks. I __________________ with a shadow overhead I __________________ with a cloud above my bed I have been lonely for so long Trapped in the past, I just can’t seem to move on I __________________ all my hopes and dreams away Just in case I ever need them again someday I __________________ aside time to clear a little space in the corners of my mind…… have been living have been sleeping have been hiding have been setting The Present Perfect Continuous Tense Jun Li (JL) - 2 Presentation It has been raining these days. 这些天一直在下雨。 Use the present perfect continuous tense to complete or translate the sentence. The boy __________________ (eat) since five minutes ago. has been eating The boy started eating five minutes ago. He is still eating now. You have been making progress and I am proud of you! 你一直在进步，我真为你感到骄傲。 The little boy has been struggling to be attentive, but can’t help falling asleep. 小朋友一直努力在集中注意力，但还是情不自禁睡着了。 2. I have been learning English since I was 8 years old and I still love it. 3. You have been making progress and I am proud of you! 4. The little boy has been struggling to be attentive, but can’t help falling asleep. 1. It has been raining these days. 现在完成进行时 Discover the definition 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能还要继续进行下去。 1. This is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. 2. We are now camped on the rice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. 3. We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. 4. She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still can’t wake up. Discover the structure The Present Perfect Continuous Tense 基本结构：主语+ have/has been doing Discover the usage ① We have been waiting for you for half an hour. ② Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. ①动作发生在过去，刚终止，不再继续下去。 ②动作发生在过去，还将继续下去。 Present Past Future 1. All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine. 2. Jack has been phoning Jane every night for the last week. ③表示动作并不是一直不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。 3. Tom has always been working hard. 4. What have you been doing to my dictionary? ④带有感情色彩，使语言表达更加生动。 赞许的感情色彩 不满的感情色彩 Summary：现在完成进行时的用法 1.表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，甚至将来，强调进行的过程。 2. 表示从过去到现在的一段时间反复进行的动作或存在的状态。 Look & discover: ① A private detective has been tailing (跟踪) him for several weeks. ② Tom loves outdoor activities - he has been fishing and hunting since he was a child. Summary: 现在完成进行时常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如：all the time, several times, this week, all night/morning, these few days, over/in the past five years, for…, since…, 等。 常用的时间状语 现在完成时和 现在完成进行时的比较 相同点： 1. 动作都发生在过去 2. 都与一段时间连用 比较一： Li Jia __________ (read) a book about psychology. (She finished reading the book.) Li Jia ______________ (read) a book about psychology. (She is still reading the book.) has read has been reading Julia has gone to the library. 朱莉娅去图书馆了。（单个事件） Julia has been going to the library for a year. 朱莉娅在一年间经常去图书馆。（重复事件） 比较二： Tip 1:现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性； 现在完成时一般不表示动作的反复。 18 比较三： Tip 3:现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩(喜悦、愤怒、不满、厌恶等。)，而现在完成时往往平铺直叙，只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果。 I have waited for you for two hours. I have been waiting for you for two hours. 说一个事实；平铺直叙 强调动作的持续性或不满意 以下几类动词不能用于现在完成进行时： ① 表示感官、感觉：see，hear，smell 等； ② 表示爱憎：love，prefer，mind 等； ③ 表示希望、意愿：wish，want，desire 等； ④ 表示相信、猜想：believe，think，suppose 等； ⑤ 非延续性动词。 John has loved Mary since ten years ago. 比较四： 下列句型中常用现在完成时 This (That/ It ) is the first (second…) time that + 完成时 This (That/ It) is the best/ finest / most interesting….+that+完成时 比较五： It’s the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. This is the most interesting film that I have seen. 21 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。 The war has lasted for a long time. 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态。若要用，可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。 The house has been painted for a month. 比较六 3 Review 1. 现在完成进行时的构成: have/has + been + doing 2. 现在完成进行时的基本概念：表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚终止，也可能还在进行。 3. 现在完成进行时的常用时间状语: all the time, this week, all night, these few days, for…, since…等。 4. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别： ① 动作是否有延续性 ② 是否表示动作重复性 ③ 是否有感情色彩 4 Practice https://www.ypppt.com/ 25 1. [2020 天津卷]- You are a great swimmer. - Thanks. It's because I ___________________ (practise)a lot these days. 2. [2019 北京卷] A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson ____________ (offer) free rides to college students for the past eight years. 3. [2018 全国卷] Languages__________________________(come and go) for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.  4. (2021 全国乙卷)People ________________ (pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. has been offering have been coming and going have been practising 高考对接 have been pouring 5. (2021 全国乙卷)For the biggest stadiums in the world, we _________ (use) data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ______ (rank) them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. 6. [江西卷] ---Tony, why are your eyes red? ---I _______________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 7. [湖南卷] Since the time humankind started gardening, we (try) to make our environment more beautiful. have used ranks have been cutting have been trying Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ____________ (run) out. We must act immediately before there’s none left. Up to now, the program __________ (save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. It ___________ (report) that many a new house _____________ (rebuild) at present in the disaster area. Police ____________ (search) for a woman now who is reported to ________________ (miss) since the flood ____ (hit) the area last Friday. are running has saved is reported is being rebuilt are searching have been missing hit 语篇填空 5 Homework 1. Finish Exercise 2&3 on Page 41. 2. Finish Exercise on the Reference book. 3. Draw a mindmap of the present perfect continuous tense. 6 Consolidation Read each situation and rewrite each sentence using the present perfect continuous tense. P41 2 1. The dog started to bark about two hours ago. I really hope it will stop soon. 2. Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight. Now he has become a professional player. 3. Timmy is holding a table tennis bat and his short hair is damp with sweat. He looks a little tired after playing table tennis for two hours. The dog has been barking for about two hours. Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight. He looks a little tired because he has been playing table tennis for two hours. 4. Diane hasn't got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today. 5. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. I have been trying to phone you this morning. 1. For the whole morning, the board of the directors ___________________ (discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year. 2. Jason's only recreation is painting. He _________________ (learn) how to paint for over five years. 3. Even though we lost the game, we should be proud of ourselves because we _______________ (try) our best and _______ (work) as a team. 4. He finally _________ (finish) the research paper under his tutor's guidance. 5. My nephew Sam ___________________ (collect) comic books since he was five. Now he has more than two hundred of them. 6. The company ____________________________ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image. has been discussing has been learning have been trying working finished has been collecting is launching/has launched/ launched Complete the sentences below using the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. P41 3 P40. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地; 极度地; merciless adj.无情的 cruelty n. 残酷，虐待; 不公 be cruel to sb/sth 对…残酷/冷酷 be rude to sb/sth 对…无礼/粗鲁 be mean to sb/sth 对...刻薄 be friendly to sb/sth 对…友好 be thankful/grateful to... 对...感谢/感激 我无法容忍虐待动物的人。（定语从句） I can’t stand people who are cruel to animals. P40. misfortune n.不幸/厄运 fortune n.大笔的钱/巨款【C】；运气/机遇【U】； 命运【常用复数】 fortunate adj.幸运的 unfortunate adj.不幸运的 fortunately adv.幸运地； unfortunately adv.不幸地 =lucky =unlucky =luckily =unluckily =luck =unluck 1.发财/致富 make a/one’s fortune 2.碰运气 seek one’s fortune 3.I was fortunate ________(work) with a brilliant head of department. =I was fortunate ______ working with a brilliant head of department. =It is fortunate ______ I worked with a brilliant head of department. 3.我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。 I am fortunate to get a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road. ①be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 很幸运做某事 ②It’s fortunate that从句（主语从句） ……很幸运 to work in that recreate v.娱乐，消遣，重新建立 派生：recreation n.娱乐，消遣，游戏=passtime recreational adj.娱乐的，消遣的 I made a plan to do some physical exercise which really helps me to recreate my confidence and energy. 我制定了一个计划，做一些体育锻炼，这真的帮助我重新建立我的信心和精力。 我们城市需要更多的娱乐设施。 Our city needs more facilities for recreation. guide v.指导，带领 n.指南，手册，向导 派生：guidance n.指导，引导，导航 (2021新高考Ⅰ卷续写)Without hesitation, their father guided them to prepare for the festive feast. 父亲毫不犹豫地带领他们准备年夜饭。 如果你能给我一些指导，我会很感激的。 I’d appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. 1.The Sunday papers are full of ______________(advertise) for cars. 2.在报纸上登广告 put/place an advertisement in a paper/newspaper 3.在网上登广告post an advertisement advertising un.广告业/广告活动 advertise vt./vi.为做广告/宣传；征聘/寻找 advertisement cn.广告； advertiser cn.登广告者；广告商 advertisements (应用文)我写信是想申请你们在报纸上刊登的招聘职位。 I am writing to apply for the position that you have advertised in the newspaper. 水面“粗糙的” 气流“粗糙的” “粗糙的”思考即不确切 “粗糙的”感受即不舒服 “粗糙的”环境即不安全 道路“粗糙的” 高频词：rough 语义网络图 粗糙的 rough （基本义） （表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的 （天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的 风浪大的 粗略的 艰难的；难受的 多暴力的；犯罪率高的 roughly adv. 粗略地; 大体上 be rough on sb. 对某人粗暴苛刻 smooth adj.光滑的 顺利的 Thanks A big elephant was walking on the ground. He 1. ______________ (move) through the tall grass for two days, eating and resting. Not far from him 2. ________ (stand) a woman with a big camera in her hands. She took another photo of the elephant, still amazed at his long tusks(獠牙). Swallowing a mouthful of grass, the elephant turned his head to see that the woman 3. __________ (take) even more photos of him. “That woman has no manners. She 4. ________________ (follow) me all day,” he thought. “She 5. ________ (take) 100 photos of me and 6. ________ (write) 42 pages of notes. But she hasn’t even given me a single peanut!” had been moving stood was taking has been following has taken written $