专题01 Units 1、2 动词不定式与动名词（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题01 动词不定式与动名词（期中复习讲义·原卷版） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 单元 语法点 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 Unit 1 动词不定式 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 句型转换 完形填空 1. 基本结构 ① 肯定形式：to + 动词原形 ② 否定形式：not to + 动词原形 2. 主要功能 ① 作主语：To + 动词原形 + is/are + 形容词；常用形式 It is + 形容词 + to do sth. ② 作宾语：动词 + to do；动词 + 疑问词 + to do ③ 作宾语补足语：带 to 结构；不带 to 结构 ④ 作状语：表目的 ⑤ 作定语：修饰名词 3. 特殊结构 ① enough to do 结构 ② too...to... 结构 1. 语境化考查为主流：结合生活、学习、成长等真实语境，判断不定式的句法功能（作主语 / 宾语 / 宾补等），正确变形。 2. 易混结构对比考查增多：重点区分「带 to / 不带 to 的宾补结构」「不定式作主语 vs 动名词作主语」的差异。 3. 细节考查更细致：侧重否定形式（not to do）、特殊结构（too...to.../enough to do）、固定搭配的介词 / 动词用法。 Unit 2 动名词 1. 作主语 ① 基本结构：动词 - ing + 谓语动词 ② 谓语形式：使用单数形式 2. 作宾语 ① 动词 + doing 结构 ② 介词 + doing 结构 3. 固定搭配go + doing 结构 1. 语境化考查为主流：结合校园、兴趣、日常活动等真实语境，判断 - ing 形式的句法功能，正确变形。 2. 易混结构对比考查增多：重点区分「动词不定式作宾语 vs 动名词作宾语」「介词后用 doing vs 动词后用 to do」的差异。 3. 细节考查更细致：侧重固定搭配（go doing / 介词 + doing）、主谓一致（动名词作主语谓语用单数）、易混动词的用法（如 stop to do vs stop doing）。 知识梳理·方法技巧 第一部分：动词不定式 知识点01 动词不定式的基本构成 定义：动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由"to + 动词原形"构成（有时可省略to），表示将要发生的动作或动作的目的。 基本形式 示例 1.肯定形式： to + do（动词原形） 有时to可省略 My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 2. 否定形式：not + (to +) do He tells me not to tell him the truth. 他叫我不要告诉他真相。 知识点02 动词不定式的主要功能 用法 功能 例句 作主语 ① It作形式主语，真正的主语是to do不定式： 句型1: It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) to do sth. 做某事是……的 句型2: It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事 It is interesting to go hiking. 去远足很有趣。 It took me an hour to go home. 我花了1小时回家。 作宾语 · 动词 + to do 常用接不定式作宾语的动词： 1　 意愿类：want, wish, hope, would like 2　 计划类：plan, decide, agree, choose 3　 开始类：begin, start, continue 4　 其他：learn, promise, refuse, offer She wants to help people in need. 她想要帮助有需要的人们。 · 动词 + 特殊疑问词 + to do: 特殊疑问词： how, who, why, what, when, where, which She knows how to help disabled people. 她知道如何帮助残疾人。 作宾语补足语 · 动词 + 宾语 + to do（带to） 常用接不定式作宾补的动词： 请求ask, 命令order, 允许allow 告诉tell, 鼓励encourage, 邀请invite 警告warn, 教授teach, 期待expect 想要would like, 建议advise, 提醒remind We encourage them to sing songs. 我们鼓励他们唱歌。 · 动词 + 宾语 + do（不带to）： 1　 使役动词：let, make, have 2　 感官动词：see, hear, watch, feel 3　 help 帮助 He makes me laugh. 他让我大笑。 作目的状语 to do不定时表示目的，译为“来，为了”。 We study hard to get good grades. 我们努力学习以获得好成绩。 作定语 名词/代词 + to do（不定式作后置定语） She is the right person to ask. 她是该问的正确人选。 典例01 1. Tony is my best friend. He always tries to make me ________ when I’m unhappy. A. laugh B. laughs C. laughing D. laughed 答案：A 解析：句意：Tony是我最好的朋友。他总是在我不开心的时候逗我笑。 考查非谓语动词用法。make是使役动词，后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 即时检测 1. Don’t forget ________ a basket with you when you go to the market. A. to bring B. to take C. taking D. bringing 2. Children are not allowed ________ in the hall. A. run B. ran C. to run D. running 3. ______ your memory, you should exercise your brain. A. Improve B. To improve C. Improving D. Improved 4. The two toys are both nice and it’s really hard for the kid ________. A. choice B. choose C. choosing D. to choose 5. Mr. Lin made my dad ________, because it is bad for his health. A. don’t smoke B. not to smoke C. not smoking D. not smoke 知识点03 动词不定式的特殊结构 特殊结构 例句 1　 too ... to 太 ... 而不能 He is too young to go to school.他太小了不能上学。 2　 enough ... to 足够 ... 做 ... She is kind enough to help me. 她足够友善帮助我。 典例02 The box is ______ heavy for me ______ carry. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 答案：C 解析：考查动词不定式的特殊结构 too...to...。句意：这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。 too + 形容词/副词 + to do 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境； so...that.../such...that... 后需接完整句子，不符合空后 carry（动词原形）的结构； enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，语义与原句相反。因此选 C。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. He is ______ young ______ go to school by himself. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 2. The girl is ______ kind ______ help the old man cross the road. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 3. The problem is ______ difficult for us ______ work out. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 二、用 too...to... 或 enough...to... 完成句子 1. The river is ______ deep ______ swim in. 2. She is ______ tall ______ reach the shelf. 3. The boy is ______ tired ______ walk any further. 4. This room is ______ big ______ hold 50 people. 第二部分：动名词 知识点01 动名词的主要功能 定义：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，即"动词的ing"形式。 用法 功能 例句 作主语 表示一个动作或行为。 考点：单个动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Reading books is my favourite activity. 阅读是我最喜欢的活动。 作宾语 · 动词 + V-ing作宾语 常用接动名词作宾语的动词： 完成finish, 练习practise, 值得be worth, 忙be busy 考虑consider, 建议suggest，不禁想can’t help 保持keep，习惯be/get used to, 别放弃give up 喜欢love/like/enjoy，思念miss，要介意mind They keep running every night. 他们每晚保持跑步。 · 介词 + V-ing作宾语 介词： in, on, at, of, for, from, up, with, without, before, after 常考的to作介词的短语： 1　 look forward to 期待 2　 get used to 习惯于 3　 pay attention to 注意 4　 devote to致力于，献身于 He is good at making friends. 他擅长交朋友。 典例01 ________ is a good way to relax. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. Readed 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：阅读是一种放松的好方法。 Read阅读，动词原形；Reads阅读，第三人称单数；Reading阅读，动名词；Readed错误拼写（过去式为read）。空格作句子的主语，表示“阅读”这个活动，应用动名词“Reading”。故选C。 典例02 I enjoy ________ to soft music in my free time. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listens 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢在空闲时间听轻音乐。 enjoy后应接动名词doing表示喜欢做某事的习惯或爱好。根据语境应使用listening。故选B。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. I look forward to from you soon. A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard 2. The house is very big, so we don’t have to worry about ________ enough room for parties. A. not to have B. not having C. don’t have D. not have 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1. (Spend) time on your hobbies may help you choose the right career. 2. He spends 40 minutes (exercise) in the gym every evening. 知识点02既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 功能 词组 例句 to do不定式表示未做； 动名词表示已做。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 I stopped to talk to him. 我停下来去和他说话。 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 其它 see/hear sb. do sth. 看到/听到某人做某事 see/hear sb. doing sth. 看到/听到某人正在做某事 We often hear him playing the guitar. 我们经常听到他弹吉他。 I saw them playing football when I walked past the playground. 当我走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ 典例03 Remember ________ careful when you cross the street. A. be B. being C. to be D. been 答案：C 解析：考查remember的用法。句意：过马路时记得要小心。 be是，动词原形；being是，动名词/现在分词；to be是，动词不定式；been是，过去分词。remember后接动词不定式（to do）表示“记得要做某事”（动作未发生），接动名词（doing）表示“记得做过某事”（动作已发生）。根据句意“过马路时”可知，“小心”是未发生的动作，应用remember to be。故选C。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. English is very important. We must try ________ it well. A. learning B. learn C. learns D. to learn 2. He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired of ______ for two hours. A. to have; walking B. having; walking C. to have; walk D. having; walk 3. I usually forget the door. But I remembered it when I left home yesterday. A. close; close B. closed; closed C. to close; closing D. closing; to close 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) My brother hopes ______ a doctor when he grows up. A. be B. to be C. being D. is 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) It’s important for us ______ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 3. (2023・广东广州中考) The girl wants ______ her mother clean the room. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 4. (2024・广东佛山期中) Let’s ______ basketball after school. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 5. (2024・辽宁沈阳月考) I enjoy ______ to music before going to bed. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 6. (2023・广东深圳中考) He finished ______ the book last night. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 7. (2024・广东东莞期末) She practices ______ every day to keep healthy. A. run B. to run C. running D. runs 8. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) Don’t forget ______ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off D. turned off 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) It takes me 20 minutes ______ (walk) to school. 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) He decides ______ (study) harder this term. 3. (2024・广东广州期中) They look forward to ______ (visit) the zoo. 4. (2023・广东中考) We often help my mother ______ (do) housework. 重难突破练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) The teacher told us ______ in class. A. not talk B. not to talk C. don’t talk D. not talking 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) He is too young ______ to school by himself. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 3. (2023・广东广州中考) Remember ______ the door when you go out. A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed 4. (2024・广东佛山期中) I saw him ______ basketball on the playground just now. A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays 5. (2024・辽宁沈阳月考) We stopped ______ because we were tired. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 6. (2024・广东东莞期末) She is good at ______ pictures. A. draw B. to draw C. drawing D. draws 7. (2023・广东深圳中考) Try ______ late for school again. A. not be B. not to be C. not being D. don’t be 二、语法填空 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) It’s easy for him ______ (work) out the problem. 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) He is used to ______ (get) up early. 3. (2024・广东广州期末) The box is heavy enough ______ (carry) by himself. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2023・全国中考) ______ is a good way to relax. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. To read 2. (2024・广东深圳中考模拟) He made me ______ again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 3. (2023・辽宁沈阳中考) We plan ______ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 4. (2024・广东广州期末) I forgot ______ him the news. He didn’t know it. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 5. (2023・广东中考) She doesn’t mind ______ the room. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 6. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) The problem is too difficult ______. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 二、句型转换 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) He wants to join the English club. (对划线提问) ______ does he want ______ ______? 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) I like reading books. (同义句) My hobby is ______ books. 3. (2023・广东广州中考) He decided to work hard. (否定句) He decided ______ ______ ______ hard. 4. (2024・广东东莞期末) They stopped to have a rest. (同义句) They stopped ______ ______ a rest. 三、完成句子 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) 对我们来说，每天锻炼很重要。 It’s important for us ______ ______ every day. 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) 我期待收到你的来信。 I look forward to ______ ______ you. 3. (2023・广东中考) 他太小了，不能上学。 He is ______ young ______ go to school. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词不定式与动名词（期中复习讲义·解析版） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 单元 语法点 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 Unit 1 动词不定式 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 句型转换 完形填空 1. 基本结构 ① 肯定形式：to + 动词原形 ② 否定形式：not to + 动词原形 2. 主要功能 ① 作主语：To + 动词原形 + is/are + 形容词；常用形式 It is + 形容词 + to do sth. ② 作宾语：动词 + to do；动词 + 疑问词 + to do ③ 作宾语补足语：带 to 结构；不带 to 结构 ④ 作状语：表目的 ⑤ 作定语：修饰名词 3. 特殊结构 ① enough to do 结构 ② too...to... 结构 1. 语境化考查为主流：结合生活、学习、成长等真实语境，判断不定式的句法功能（作主语 / 宾语 / 宾补等），正确变形。 2. 易混结构对比考查增多：重点区分「带 to / 不带 to 的宾补结构」「不定式作主语 vs 动名词作主语」的差异。 3. 细节考查更细致：侧重否定形式（not to do）、特殊结构（too...to.../enough to do）、固定搭配的介词 / 动词用法。 Unit 2 动名词 1. 作主语 ① 基本结构：动词 - ing + 谓语动词 ② 谓语形式：使用单数形式 2. 作宾语 ① 动词 + doing 结构 ② 介词 + doing 结构 3. 固定搭配go + doing 结构 1. 语境化考查为主流：结合校园、兴趣、日常活动等真实语境，判断 - ing 形式的句法功能，正确变形。 2. 易混结构对比考查增多：重点区分「动词不定式作宾语 vs 动名词作宾语」「介词后用 doing vs 动词后用 to do」的差异。 3. 细节考查更细致：侧重固定搭配（go doing / 介词 + doing）、主谓一致（动名词作主语谓语用单数）、易混动词的用法（如 stop to do vs stop doing）。 知识梳理·方法技巧 第一部分：动词不定式 知识点01 动词不定式的基本构成 定义：动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由"to + 动词原形"构成（有时可省略to），表示将要发生的动作或动作的目的。 基本形式 示例 1.肯定形式： to + do（动词原形） 有时to可省略 My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 2. 否定形式：not + (to +) do He tells me not to tell him the truth. 他叫我不要告诉他真相。 知识点02 动词不定式的主要功能 用法 功能 例句 作主语 ① It作形式主语，真正的主语是to do不定式： 句型1: It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) to do sth. 做某事是……的 句型2: It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事 It is interesting to go hiking. 去远足很有趣。 It took me an hour to go home. 我花了1小时回家。 作宾语 · 动词 + to do 常用接不定式作宾语的动词： 1　 意愿类：want, wish, hope, would like 2　 计划类：plan, decide, agree, choose 3　 开始类：begin, start, continue 4　 其他：learn, promise, refuse, offer She wants to help people in need. 她想要帮助有需要的人们。 · 动词 + 特殊疑问词 + to do: 特殊疑问词： how, who, why, what, when, where, which She knows how to help disabled people. 她知道如何帮助残疾人。 作宾语补足语 · 动词 + 宾语 + to do（带to） 常用接不定式作宾补的动词： 请求ask, 命令order, 允许allow 告诉tell, 鼓励encourage, 邀请invite 警告warn, 教授teach, 期待expect 想要would like, 建议advise, 提醒remind We encourage them to sing songs. 我们鼓励他们唱歌。 · 动词 + 宾语 + do（不带to）： 1　 使役动词：let, make, have 2　 感官动词：see, hear, watch, feel 3　 help 帮助 He makes me laugh. 他让我大笑。 作目的状语 to do不定时表示目的，译为“来，为了”。 We study hard to get good grades. 我们努力学习以获得好成绩。 作定语 名词/代词 + to do（不定式作后置定语） She is the right person to ask. 她是该问的正确人选。 典例01 1. Tony is my best friend. He always tries to make me ________ when I’m unhappy. A. laugh B. laughs C. laughing D. laughed 答案：A 解析：句意：Tony是我最好的朋友。他总是在我不开心的时候逗我笑。 考查非谓语动词用法。make是使役动词，后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 即时检测 1. Don’t forget ________ a basket with you when you go to the market. A. to bring B. to take C. taking D. bringing 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语及动词辨析。句意：你去市场的时候，别忘了带一个篮子。forget to do sth. 表示 “忘记去做某事（事情还未做）”，forget doing sth. 表示 “忘记做过某事（事情已做）”；take 表示 “带走（从说话者所在地带到别处）”，bring 表示 “带来（从别处带到说话者所在地）”。此处是提醒去市场时 “带走” 篮子，事情还未做，用 to take。故选 B。 2. Children are not allowed ________ in the hall. A. run B. ran C. to run D. running 答案：C 解析：考查动词不定式作主语补足语。句意：孩子们不允许在大厅里跑。allow sb. to do sth. 表示 “允许某人做某事”，其被动形式为 sb. be allowed to do sth.，用不定式作主语补足语。故选 C。 3. ______ your memory, you should exercise your brain. A. Improve B. To improve C. Improving D. Improved 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了提高你的记忆力，你应该锻炼你的大脑。此处用不定式 to improve 作目的状语，表示 “为了提高”，符合语境。故选 B。 4. The two toys are both nice and it’s really hard for the kid ________. A. choice B. choose C. choosing D. to choose 答案：D 解析：考查动词不定式作真正主语。句意：这两个玩具都很好，对这个孩子来说真的很难选择。固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 表示 “对某人来说做某事是…… 的”，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to choose。故选 D。 5. Mr. Lin made my dad ________, because it is bad for his health. A. don’t smoke B. not to smoke C. not smoking D. not smoke 答案：D 解析：考查使役动词 make 的用法。句意：林先生让我爸爸不要抽烟，因为抽烟对他的健康有害。make 是使役动词，用法为 make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事），其否定形式为 make sb. not do sth.，用不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。故选 D。 知识点03 动词不定式的特殊结构 特殊结构 例句 1　 too ... to 太 ... 而不能 He is too young to go to school.他太小了不能上学。 2　 enough ... to 足够 ... 做 ... She is kind enough to help me. 她足够友善帮助我。 典例02 The box is ______ heavy for me ______ carry. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 答案：C 解析：考查动词不定式的特殊结构 too...to...。句意：这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。 too + 形容词/副词 + to do 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境； so...that.../such...that... 后需接完整句子，不符合空后 carry（动词原形）的结构； enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，语义与原句相反。因此选 C。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. He is ______ young ______ go to school by himself. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 答案：A 解析：考查 too...to... 结构。句意：他太小了，不能自己上学。too + 形容词 + to do 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境；enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，语义相反；so...that.../such...that... 后需接完整句子，不符合空后 go（动词原形）的结构。故选 A。 2. The girl is ______ kind ______ help the old man cross the road. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 答案：B 解析：考查 enough...to... 结构。句意：这个女孩足够善良，会帮助老人过马路。形容词 + enough + to do 表示 “足够…… 做……”，符合语境；too...to... 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，语义相反；so...that.../such...that... 后需接完整句子，不符合空后 help（动词原形）的结构。故选 B。 3. The problem is ______ difficult for us ______ work out. A. too; to B. enough; to C. so; that D. such; that 答案：A 解析：考查 too...to... 结构。句意：这个问题太难了，我们解不出来。too + 形容词 + to do 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境；enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，语义相反；so...that.../such...that... 后需接完整句子，不符合空后 work（动词原形）的结构。故选 A。 二、用 too...to... 或 enough...to... 完成句子 1. The river is ______ deep ______ swim in. 答案：too; to 解析：考查 too...to... 结构。句意：这条河太深了，不能在里面游泳。用 too...to... 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境。故填 too; to。 2. She is ______ tall ______ reach the shelf. 答案：enough; to 解析：考查 enough...to... 结构。句意：她足够高，能够到架子。用 enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，符合语境。故填 enough; to。 3. The boy is ______ tired ______ walk any further. 答案：too; to 解析：考查 too...to... 结构。句意：这个男孩太累了，走不动了。用 too...to... 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，符合语境。故填 too; to。 4. This room is ______ big ______ hold 50 people. 答案：enough; to 解析：考查 enough...to... 结构。句意：这个房间足够大，能容纳 50 人。用 enough...to... 表示 “足够…… 做……”，符合语境。故填 enough; to。 第二部分：动名词 知识点01 动名词的主要功能 定义：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，即"动词的ing"形式。 用法 功能 例句 作主语 表示一个动作或行为。 考点：单个动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Reading books is my favourite activity. 阅读是我最喜欢的活动。 作宾语 · 动词 + V-ing作宾语 常用接动名词作宾语的动词： 完成finish, 练习practise, 值得be worth, 忙be busy 考虑consider, 建议suggest，不禁想can’t help 保持keep，习惯be/get used to, 别放弃give up 喜欢love/like/enjoy，思念miss，要介意mind They keep running every night. 他们每晚保持跑步。 · 介词 + V-ing作宾语 介词： in, on, at, of, for, from, up, with, without, before, after 常考的to作介词的短语： 1　 look forward to 期待 2　 get used to 习惯于 3　 pay attention to 注意 4　 devote to致力于，献身于 He is good at making friends. 他擅长交朋友。 典例01 ________ is a good way to relax. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. Readed 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：阅读是一种放松的好方法。 Read阅读，动词原形；Reads阅读，第三人称单数；Reading阅读，动名词；Readed错误拼写（过去式为read）。空格作句子的主语，表示“阅读”这个活动，应用动名词“Reading”。故选C。 典例02 I enjoy ________ to soft music in my free time. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listens 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢在空闲时间听轻音乐。 enjoy后应接动名词doing表示喜欢做某事的习惯或爱好。根据语境应使用listening。故选B。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. I look forward to from you soon. A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard 答案：B 解析：考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：我期待很快收到你的来信。look forward to 是固定短语，其中 to 是介词，介词后接动名词作宾语，hear 的动名词形式是 hearing。故选 B。 2. The house is very big, so we don’t have to worry about ________ enough room for parties. A. not to have B. not having C. don’t have D. not have 答案：B 解析：考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：这房子很大，所以我们不用担心没有足够的空间办派对。worry about 是固定短语，about 是介词，介词后接动名词作宾语，其否定形式为 not doing，have 的动名词形式是 having。故选 B。 二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1. (Spend) time on your hobbies may help you choose the right career. 答案：Spending 解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：把时间花在你的爱好上可能会帮你选择合适的职业。句子缺少主语，动名词可作句子主语，spend 的动名词形式是 spending，句首首字母大写。故填 Spending。 2. He spends 40 minutes (exercise) in the gym every evening. 答案：exercising 解析：考查动名词作固定搭配的宾语。句意：他每天晚上花 40 分钟在健身房锻炼。固定结构 spend time (in) doing sth. 表示 “花费时间做某事”，exercise 的动名词形式是 exercising。故填 exercising。 知识点02既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 功能 词组 例句 to do不定式表示未做； 动名词表示已做。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 I stopped to talk to him. 我停下来去和他说话。 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 其它 see/hear sb. do sth. 看到/听到某人做某事 see/hear sb. doing sth. 看到/听到某人正在做某事 We often hear him playing the guitar. 我们经常听到他弹吉他。 I saw them playing football when I walked past the playground. 当我走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ 典例03 Remember ________ careful when you cross the street. A. be B. being C. to be D. been 答案：C 解析：考查remember的用法。句意：过马路时记得要小心。 be是，动词原形；being是，动名词/现在分词；to be是，动词不定式；been是，过去分词。remember后接动词不定式（to do）表示“记得要做某事”（动作未发生），接动名词（doing）表示“记得做过某事”（动作已发生）。根据句意“过马路时”可知，“小心”是未发生的动作，应用remember to be。故选C。 即时检测 一、单项选择 1. English is very important. We must try ________ it well. A. learning B. learn C. learns D. to learn 答案：D 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：英语很重要，我们必须努力学好它。try to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “努力做某事”，符合语境；try doing sth. 表示 “尝试做某事”，与句意不符。故选 D。 2. He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired of ______ for two hours. A. to have; walking B. having; walking C. to have; walk D. having; walk 答案：A 解析：考查动词不定式与动名词的辨析。句意：他停下来休息，因为他已经厌倦了走两个小时的路。 第一空：stop to do sth. 表示 “停下来去做另一件事”，此处指停下走路去休息，用 to have； 第二空：be tired of doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “厌倦做某事”，介词 of 后接动名词 walking。故选 A。 3. I usually forget the door. But I remembered it when I left home yesterday. A. close; close B. closed; closed C. to close; closing D. closing; to close 答案：C 解析：考查 forget/remember 后接不定式与动名词的辨析。句意：我通常忘记关门，但昨天我离开家时记得关了。 第一空：forget to do sth. 表示 “忘记去做某事（事情未做）”，符合 “通常忘记关门” 的语境，用 to close； 第二空：remember doing sth. 表示 “记得做过某事（事情已做）”，符合 “昨天记得关了门” 的语境，用 closing。故选 C。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) My brother hopes ______ a doctor when he grows up. A. be B. to be C. being D. is 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：我弟弟长大后希望成为一名医生。hope to do sth. 希望做某事。故选 B。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) It’s important for us ______ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 答案：C 解析：考查动词不定式作主语。句意：学好英语对我们很重要。It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人是…… 的。故选 C。 3. (2023・广东广州中考) The girl wants ______ her mother clean the room. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：这个女孩想帮妈妈打扫房间。want to do sth. 想要做某事。故选 B。 4. (2024・广东佛山期中) Let’s ______ basketball after school. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 答案：A 解析：考查使役动词 let 用法。句意：放学后我们打篮球吧。let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。故选 A。 5. (2024・辽宁沈阳月考) I enjoy ______ to music before going to bed. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作宾语。句意：我喜欢睡前听音乐。enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事。故选 C。 6. (2023・广东深圳中考) He finished ______ the book last night. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作宾语。句意：他昨晚读完了这本书。finish doing sth. 完成做某事。故选 C。 7. (2024・广东东莞期末) She practices ______ every day to keep healthy. A. run B. to run C. running D. runs 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作宾语。句意：她每天跑步保持健康。practice doing sth. 练习做某事。故选 C。 8. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) Don’t forget ______ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off D. turned off 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：离开时别忘了关灯。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事。故选 B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) It takes me 20 minutes ______ (walk) to school. 答案：to walk 解析：考查固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth.。故填 to walk。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) He decides ______ (study) harder this term. 答案：to study 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。decide to do sth. 决定做某事。故填 to study。 3. (2024・广东广州期中) They look forward to ______ (visit) the zoo. 答案：visiting 解析：考查介词 to 后接动名词。look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事。故填 visiting。 4. (2023・广东中考) We often help my mother ______ (do) housework. 答案：(to) do 解析：考查 help 用法。help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。故填 (to) do。 重难突破练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) The teacher told us ______ in class. A. not talk B. not to talk C. don’t talk D. not talking 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式否定形式。句意：老师告诉我们不要在课堂上讲话。tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。故选 B。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) He is too young ______ to school by himself. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 答案：B 解析：考查 too…to… 结构。句意：他太小不能自己上学。too…to… 太…… 而不能……。故选 B。 3. (2023・广东广州中考) Remember ______ the door when you go out. A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed 答案：B 解析：考查 remember 用法。句意：出门时记得关门。remember to do sth. 记得去做某事。故选 B。 4. (2024・广东佛山期中) I saw him ______ basketball on the playground just now. A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays 答案：C 解析：考查感官动词 see 用法。句意：刚才我看见他正在操场上打篮球。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。故选 C。 5. (2024・辽宁沈阳月考) We stopped ______ because we were tired. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 答案：C 解析：考查 stop 用法。句意：我们停止工作因为累了。stop doing sth. 停止做某事。故选 C。 6. (2024・广东东莞期末) She is good at ______ pictures. A. draw B. to draw C. drawing D. draws 答案：C 解析：考查介词 at 后接动名词。句意：她擅长画画。be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事。故选 C。 7. (2023・广东深圳中考) Try ______ late for school again. A. not be B. not to be C. not being D. don’t be 答案：B 解析：考查 try 否定用法。句意：尽量不要再上学迟到。try not to do sth. 尽量不要做某事。故选 B。 二、语法填空 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) It’s easy for him ______ (work) out the problem. 答案：to work 解析：考查固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.。故填 to work。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) He is used to ______ (get) up early. 答案：getting 解析：考查介词 to 后接动名词。be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事。故填 getting。 3. (2024・广东广州期末) The box is heavy enough ______ (carry) by himself. 答案：to carry 解析：考查 enough…to… 结构。句意：这个箱子足够重，他自己搬不动。故填 to carry。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. (2023・全国中考) ______ is a good way to relax. A. Read B. Reads C. Reading D. To read 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：阅读是放松的好方法。动名词作主语谓语用单数。故选 C。 2. (2024・广东深圳中考模拟) He made me ______ again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 答案：A 解析：考查使役动词 make 用法。句意：他让我又笑了。make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。故选 A。 3. (2023・辽宁沈阳中考) We plan ______ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. had 答案：B 解析：考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：我们计划这周末去野餐。plan to do sth. 计划做某事。故选 B。 4. (2024・广东广州期末) I forgot ______ him the news. He didn’t know it. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 答案：B 解析：考查 forget 用法。句意：我忘了告诉他这个消息。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事。故选 B。 5. (2023・广东中考) She doesn’t mind ______ the room. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 答案：C 解析：考查动名词作宾语。句意：她不介意打扫房间。mind doing sth. 介意做某事。故选 C。 6. (2024・辽宁沈阳期中) The problem is too difficult ______. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 答案：B 解析：考查 too…to… 结构。句意：这个问题太难解决不了。too…to… 太…… 而不能……。故选 B。 二、句型转换 1. (2024・广东深圳期末) He wants to join the English club. (对划线提问) ______ does he want ______ ______? 答案：What; to do 解析：考查对动作提问用 what，want 后接 to do。故填 What; to do。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) I like reading books. (同义句) My hobby is ______ books. 答案：reading 解析：考查动名词作表语。句意：我的爱好是读书。故填 reading。 3. (2023・广东广州中考) He decided to work hard. (否定句) He decided ______ ______ ______ hard. 答案：not to work 解析：考查动词不定式否定形式。decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事。故填 not to work。 4. (2024・广东东莞期末) They stopped to have a rest. (同义句) They stopped ______ ______ a rest. 答案：working for 解析：考查 stop 用法。stop to do = stop doing for sth. 停下来去做某事。故填 working for。 三、完成句子 1. (2024・广东深圳期中) 对我们来说，每天锻炼很重要。 It’s important for us ______ ______ every day. 答案：to exercise 解析：考查固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.。故填 to exercise。 2. (2024・辽宁沈阳期末) 我期待收到你的来信。 I look forward to ______ ______ you. 答案：hearing from 解析：考查固定搭配 hear from sb. 收到某人来信，look forward to 后接 doing。故填 hearing from。 3. (2023・广东中考) 他太小了，不能上学。 He is ______ young ______ go to school. 答案：too; to 解析：考查 too…to… 结构。too…to… 太…… 而不能……。故填 too; to。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $