内容正文:
专题01 数词(期中复习讲义)
内 容 导 航
考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心
知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区
知识点01 基数词的构成 知识点02 序数词的构成 知识点03 数词的应用
知识点04 基数词和序数词的基本辨析 知识点05 基数词和序数词的固定用法
考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效
考情透视·目标导航
常考题型
内容要点
命题趋势
单项选择
单词拼写
语法填空
1. 基数词的构成
2. 序数词的构成
3. 数词的应用
4. 基数词和序数词的基本辨析
5. 基数词和序数词的固定用法
语境化考查成为主流:不再孤立考查规则,而是结合真实语境、生活场景等判断基数词和序数词。
知识梳理·方法技巧
知识点01 基数词的 构成
基数词
基数词用来表示数目,或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。
1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1,000,000 a million
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10,000,000 ten million
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100,000,000 a hundred million
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1,000,000,000 a billion
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety
10 ten
说明: 1.13—19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen和fifteen。
2.20—90由个位数加后缀-ty构成,注意其中20—50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和fifty; 80的拼写是eighty。
3.其它非整十的两位数21—99是由整十位数加连字符“-”,再加个位数构成。如: 81 eighty-one。
4.101—999的基数词先写百位数,后加and再写十位数和个位数。如: 691 six hundred and ninety-one。
5.1000以上的基数词先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and,最后写十位数和个位数。
如:5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three。 在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词,没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词,而是用thousand(千)和million(百万)来表达,其换算关系为:
1万=10 thousand;1亿=100 million; 10亿=a thousand million=a billion。
典例01
1.There are __________ (四十)students in our community centre.
典例02
(25七年级下·扬州期中)________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries.
A.Thousands of; six hundreds B.Thousand of; six hundred
C.Thousands of; six hundred D.Thousand of; six hundreds
即时检测
1. There are ______ days in a week.
A. five B. six C. seven D.eight
2.My sister is ______ years old. She is in Grade Seven.
A. twelve B. twelfth C. twenty D.thirty
3. —What time is it?
—It's ______ o'clock. Let's have lunch.
A. seven B. twelve C. nine D.ten
知识点02 序数词的构成
序数词
表示顺序的词,叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。
第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上
first eleventh twentieth
second twelfth thirtieth
third thirteenth fortieth
fourth fourteenth fiftieth
fifth fifteenth sixtieth
sixth sixteenth seventieth
seventh seventeenth eightieth
eighth eighteenth ninetieth
ninth nineteenth hundredth
tenth thousandth
说明:
1.英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式,要注意它们的拼写。
2.表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。
3.其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如:fifty-first(第五十一)。
4.少数序数词拼法不规则,如:fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二)等。
注意: 序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。
例如:
第一:(the) first=1st 第二:(the) second=2nd
第三:(the) third=3rd 第五:(the) fifth=5th
第九十七:(the) ninety-seventh=97th 第一百零一:(the) one hundred (and)first=101st
典例01
(25七年级下·徐州期中)Teachers’ Day comes in September, the ________ day of the month.
A.eighth B.ninth C.tenth D.eleventh
典例02
The ______(第三)class in the morning is English. I like it very much.
即时检测
1. —Which month is the ______ month of a year?
—It's December.A. twelfth B. twelve C. twentieth D.twelfieth
2. My brother's birthday is on March the ______.
A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D.fifeth
3. This is my ______ time to visit Beijing. I love this city.
A. one B. first C. the first D.the one
知识点03 数词的应用
数词的应用
1.表编号. 结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词
Lesson One = the first lesson ,Page 32, Bus No.12
注:有些编号,一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101
2.序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时,表示 “又一,再一”
You’ve done it three times .Why not try a fourth time ?
3.基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄
1)表示年代: in+ the + 年份的复数 在几世纪几十年代. 如: in the 1870s
2)表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数 表示在某人几十岁时。有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early或late使其含义更确切些。如:The young man is at most in his early thirties.
4. hundred / thousand /million /billion/dozen
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时 ,既加s 也要带of .
Every year thousands of visitors come to China .
There are two thousand students in our school .
5.几个半的表达法:
基数词 + and + a half +名词复数 = 基数词 +名词(单数/复数) +and +a half
two and a half hours = two hours and a half
6.时刻表达法:
1)整点: 基数词 + o’clock
2)几点几分:
A).直接读法: 先读小时 ,后读分钟 3:25 ---- three twenty-five
B).间接读法:
a)≤30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时 3:25 ----twenty-five past three
b)>30分钟. ( 60-分钟 )+ to + (小时数+1) 3:55 ----- five to four
c) 30 分钟 = half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters
3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three 3:45 ----a quarter to four
7. 表示倍数
1. 表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+ the size(length, amount...)”结构组成。如:
The earth is forth-nine times the size of the moon.
2. 表示“……比……大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.
3. 表示“……是……倍”,由“倍数+ as +形容词+ as +被比较部分”结构组成。如:
Our factory is twice as big as theirs.
8.分数的表达法:
1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.
b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.
2).注意: 1).分数词的几种特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter
1/2—one second = a half 3/4—three fourths = three quarters
注: 分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
典例01
1.(25-26七年级上·宿迁期末)—Your son is so smart. How old is he?
—________. We had a special party for his ________ birthday last night.
A.Nine; nine B.Ninth; nine C.Nine; ninth D.Ninth; ninth
典例02
2.(24-25七年级下·徐州期中)Lily lives in a building with 22 floors. Her home is on the top floor, the ________ floor.
A.ground B.twentieth C.twenty-two D.twenty-second
即时检测
1.(25-26七年级上·昆明期末)It’s Peter’s birthday soon. How about a surprise party for him? (ten)
2.(25-26七年级上·上海闵行期末)The Pearl River is the longest river in China, shorter than the Yellow River. (three)
3.— What is one million plus one million? — Two (million).
知识点04 基数词和序数词的基本辨析
基数词和序数词的核心区别在于功能——基数词用于表示人或事物的具体数量,回答“多少个”的问题,常见搭配如“基数词+名词复数”(如three books 三本书)、表示年龄(如five years old 五岁)等;序数词则用于表示人或事物的先后顺序,回答“第几个”的问题,常见搭配如“序数词+名词单数”。需要重点注意的是,序数词前通常要加定冠词the来明确特指顺序,不过存在特殊省略情况:当序数词前有名词所有格(如Tom's 汤姆的)、形容词性物主代词(如my 我的、his 他的)修饰时,the可以省略,例如“Tom's third birthday 汤姆的第三个生日”“my first trip 我的第一次旅行”。
典例01
1. —How many months are there in a year?
—______ months. And the ______ month is December.
A. Twelve; twelve B. Twelve; twelfth C. Twelfth; twelve D. Twelfth; twelfth
典例02
2. My brother is ______ years old, and today is his ______ birthday.
A. nine; nine B. nine; ninth C. ninth; nine D. ninth; ninth
即时检测
1.(24-25七年级下·宿迁期中)Lily lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she will celebrate her ________ birthday.
A.five; fiftieth B.fifth; the fiftieth C.five; the fiftieth D.fifth; fiftieth
2.(24-25七年级下·南京期中)Mike is a Grade 7 student, so he is in _________ grade.
A.seven B.seventh C.the seven D.the seventh
3.(24-25七年级下·扬州期中)Millie and I live in the same building. I live on the sixth floor. She lives three floors ________ me, on the ________ floor.
A.above; ninth B.over; third C.above; third D.on; ninth
知识点05 基数词和序数词的固定用法
序数词的常见固定用法主要分为两类,且需注意与基数词的搭配差异。第一类是“a/an + 序数词”,这类用法不强调具体的顺序位次,核心含义是“又一个、再一个”,侧重在已有数量基础上额外增加的数量,比如“再试一次”可表达为“try a second time”;第二类是“the + 序数词”,这类用法明确强调顺序,含义是“第……个”,通常需要结合具体的排序语境使用,且the不可随意省略。此外,还需注意数量表达的固定搭配:当表示具体的、确定的数量时,要用“基数词 + hundred/thousand/million + 名词复数”的结构,此时hundred、thousand、million不可加s;而序数词不能与hundred、thousand等词搭配表示数量,若需表达“第几百、第几千”的顺序含义,需用“the + 序数词 + hundred/thousand + 名词复数”,如“the second thousand trees(第二千棵树)”。
典例
1.(24-25七年级下·南通期中)I have seen Nezha 2 twice. I plan to see it ______ time during this May Day Holiday.
A.a second B.a third C.the third D.three
即时检测
1. —I have read this book twice. Do you want to read it?
—Yes, I want to read it ______ time.
A. three B. third C. a third D. the third
2. About ______ students took part in the sports meeting, and the ______ student from Class 3 won the first prize.
A. two hundred; fifth B. two hundreds; fifth C. two hundred; five D. two hundreds; five
3. This is ______ time I've told you to clean your room. You must do it now.
A. four B. fourth C. a fourth D. the fourth
考场练兵·分层实战
基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.(25-26八年级上·上海·期中)People’s lives have become more convenient in the _________ century. (twenty-one)
2.(25-26七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Tom is really excited because it’s his ________ (one) time to visit China.
3.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)Martin became the owner of a junior sports club in his ________. (thirty)
4.(25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中)Leehom Wang made the new film Love in Disguise. This was his ________ time to be a director. (one)
5.(25-26九年级上·新疆昌吉·期中)She is nineteen, and next year she is going to celebrate her ________ (第二十) birthday.
6.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)I chose the flat on the ________ floor because I think “9” stands for “long-lasting” (nine)
7.(25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中)Look! The old man is celebrating his ________ birthday. (ninety)
8.(25-26七年级上·河南南阳·期中)I have t________ pencils. Eight are blue and four are white.
9.(25-26七年级上·广东江门·期中)每天成百上千的顾客来这个店铺。
________ ________ customers come to this store every day.
10.(25-26七年级上·四川自贡·期中)我的舅舅有十三头奶牛。
My uncle has ________ ________.
11.(24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中)在21世纪10年代,网购变得越来越受年轻人欢迎。
In the ________, shopping online was more and more ________ with the young.
重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟)
1.(25-26七年级下·江苏苏州·月考)How do you read the big number 6,325,047?
A.Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven
B.Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven
C.Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven
D.Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven
2.(25-26七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries.
A.Thousands of; six hundreds B.Thousand of; six hundred
C.Thousands of; six hundred D.Thousand of; six hundreds
3.(25-26七年级上·江西上饶·期中)—How many geese do you have at the farm?
—I have ________ geese: six white geese and four black geese.
A.fifteen B.ten C.five D.twenty
4.(25-26九年级上·云南保山·期中)In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.third fifth, are C.three fifth, is D.three fifths, are
5.(25-26八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中)—If a=6, b=5, what’s the answer to the question “a+2ab+1=?”
—________.
A.Sixty-seven B.Forty-five C.Twenty-three D.One hundred
6.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my uncle’s ________ birthday.
A.twenty B.twentieth C.twelve D.the twentieth
7.(25-26七年级上·四川乐山·期中)There are ________ floors in this building. And I live on the ________ floor.
A.twelve; three B.twelfth; third C.twelfth; three D.twelve; third
8.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古通辽·期中)—Do you know Peter?
—Yes. He’s in _________.
A.3 Class, 7 Grade
B.7 Grade, Class 3
C.3 Class, Grade 7
D.Class 3, Grade 7
9.(25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期中)—How was your weekend?
—Great! It was my grandfather’s ________ birthday. We were all very happy.
A.seventy B.the seventy C.seventieth D.the seventieth
10.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, ________ book of the series, was published years ago.
A.seventh B.the seventh C.the seven D.seven
11.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—The Yangtze River is the ________ longest river in the world.
—Yes, only after the Nile River and the Amazon River.
A.three B.third C.four D.fourth
12.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)He graduated in the year 1976. In other words, we can say “He graduated ______.”
A.in the 19th century B.in the 1976s
C.in the 2070s D.in the 1970s
13.(25-26七年级上·云南昭通·期中)— Which class are you in?
— I am in ________.
A.class three, grade eight B.Class Three, Grade Eight
C.Grade Eight, Class Three D.grade eight, class three
14.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)________ students took part in the sports meeting on the ________ School Day.
A.Thousands of; ninety B.Thousand of; ninetieth
C.Thousands of; ninetieth D.Thousand of; ninety
15.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—________ persons want to have the party.
—Great! That means ________ of them will come and join us.
A. Forty-two; two thirds B.Forty-second; two third
C.Forty-second; two thirds D.Forty-two; two third
16.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)My cousin has collected over _______ comic books. But his favourite is still _______ one he has ever got.
A.twelfth; the ninth B.twelve; the ninth C.twelfth; nine D.twelve; nine
17.(24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—How wide is the Golden Gate Bridge?
—It’s ________.
A.90-foot-wide B.90 feet wide C.90 foot wide D.90-feet-wide
18.(22-23七年级上·江苏徐州·期中)—“Go downstairs, and you’ll get to the first floor.” says the worker in British Museum.
— “Oh, mom, that means we’ll get to the ________ floor .” says Jim, an American boy.
A.second B.third C.ground D.fourth
19.(21-22七年级下·江苏南京·期中)There are ________ patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong now, and about ________ people died.
A.thousands of; 80 hundred B.thousands of; 80 hundreds
C.thousand of; 80 hundred of D.thousand of; 80 hundreds of
20.(25-26七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)—How many students are there in your school?
—About two ________. It’s a large school.
A.thousands B.thousand C.thousand of D.thousands of
21.(25-26七年级上·江苏无锡·期中)________ come to my hometown in spring to enjoy flowers.
A.Two thousands visitors B.Thousands of visitors
C.Thousands visitors D.Two thousands of visitors
22.(24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期中)The Slender West Lake is a good place to have fun and ________ tourists visit it during the May Day holiday every year.
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of
23.(25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中)About ________ people of our town attended this get-together. All of them had a good time.
A.three hundred of B.hundreds of C.three hundred D.three hundreds
24.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)It’s hard to imagine this lady has already been in her ________.
A.fifty B.fiftieth C.fifties D.fifteen
25.(25-26八年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中)Maria is a _______ girl. She looks very beautiful.
A.14-year-old B.14 years old C.14-years-old
26.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—How many teachers work in ________ office?
—There are ________.
A.first; twelve B.the first; twelve C.the first; the twelve D.first; the twelve
综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Four and seven is ________.
A.ten B.eleven C.twelve D.thirteen
2.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)David will celebrate his ________ birthday soon. He will reach “the year of erli”.
A.thirtieth B.fortieth C.fiftieth
3.(2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题)The weather in Kunming is so comfortable and I have been there ________ times. If possible, I still want to go there a ________ time.
A.three; fourth B.third; fourth C.three; four D.third; four
4.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well.
A.nineteen B.ninety C.ninetieth D.nineties
5.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)It’s well known that December is the ________ month of a year.
A.twelve B.twelfth C.twelveth
6.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)—When are you going on holiday?
—I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July.
A.two B.second C.twice
7.(2018·重庆·中考真题)________ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A.Thousand B.Thousand of C.Thousands D.Thousands of
8.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—________ of the students in our class have passed the exam.
—Oh, that means 20% of them should work harder.
A.One fifth B.Four five C.Four fifths D.One five
9.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ of the students are in the art club.
A.Two third B.Two thirds C.Third two D.Thirds two
10.(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)There are ________ solar terms (节气) in a year. Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth C.the twenty-fourth
二、单词拼写
11.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)I live on the _______ (第六) floor of this building and have a good view of Luoma Lake.
12.(2022·江苏南京·中考真题)Nanjing Museum is the ________ (one) modern museum and remains as one of the leading museum in China.
13.(2024·四川内江·中考真题)—Have you heard of Hou Yi Shoots the Suns?
—Yes. Once upon a time, there were t_______ suns. Hou Yi shot down nine of them and left one.
14.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Mr Wu is my new neighbour. He lives on the ________(six) floor.
15.(2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题)This is Li Hua’s ________ (three) time to be a volunteer.
16.(2025·四川德阳·中考真题)China’s National Day is in October, the t________ month of the year.
17.(2025·云南·中考真题)Every year, people celebrate World First Aid Day on the ________ Saturday in September. (two)
18.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)Last weekend, ________ (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall.
19.(2023·上海·中考真题)There were various activities at the ________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight)
20.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)I live on the __________ (ten) floor. I can enjoy beautiful views of the city.
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专题01 数词(期中复习讲义)
内 容 导 航
考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向,锚定备考重心
知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络,扫除知识盲区
知识点01 基数词的构成 知识点02 序数词的构成 知识点03 数词的应用
知识点04 基数词和序数词的基本辨析 知识点05 基数词和序数词的固定用法
考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练,验收复习成效
考情透视·目标导航
常考题型
内容要点
命题趋势
单项选择
单词拼写
语法填空
1. 基数词的构成
2. 序数词的构成
3. 数词的应用
4. 基数词和序数词的基本辨析
5. 基数词和序数词的固定用法
语境化考查成为主流:不再孤立考查规则,而是结合真实语境、生活场景等判断基数词和序数词。
知识梳理·方法技巧
知识点01 基数词的 构成
基数词
基数词用来表示数目,或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。
1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1,000,000 a million
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10,000,000 ten million
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100,000,000 a hundred million
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1,000,000,000 a billion
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety
10 ten
说明: 1.13—19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen和fifteen。
2.20—90由个位数加后缀-ty构成,注意其中20—50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和fifty; 80的拼写是eighty。
3.其它非整十的两位数21—99是由整十位数加连字符“-”,再加个位数构成。如: 81 eighty-one。
4.101—999的基数词先写百位数,后加and再写十位数和个位数。如: 691 six hundred and ninety-one。
5.1000以上的基数词先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and,最后写十位数和个位数。
如:5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three。 在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词,没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词,而是用thousand(千)和million(百万)来表达,其换算关系为:
1万=10 thousand;1亿=100 million; 10亿=a thousand million=a billion。
典例01
1.There are __________ (四十)students in our community centre.
【答案】forty
【解析】“四十”的基数词正确拼写为forty,注意区分four(四)、fourteen(十四)的拼写,此处表示学生数量,用基数词forty。
典例02
(25七年级下·扬州期中)________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries.
A.Thousands of; six hundreds B.Thousand of; six hundred
C.Thousands of; six hundred D.Thousand of; six hundreds
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每年有数千名学生进入这里的一所大学。其中大约有六百人来自外国。
考查数词的用法。“thousand”,当表示不确定的“数千”时,要用“thousands of”,所以第一空用“Thousands of”。当表示具体的“几百”时,“hundred”用单数形式,第二空应用“six hundred”。故选C。
即时检测
1. There are ______ days in a week.
A. five B. six C. seven D.eight
【答案】C
【解析】句意“一周有____天”。A选项“五”,B选项“六”,C选项“七”。根据常识,一周有七天,故选C。
2.My sister is ______ years old. She is in Grade Seven.
A. twelve B. twelfth C. twenty D.thirty
【答案】A
【解析】句意“我妹妹____岁,她上七年级”。七年级学生通常为12岁左右,A选项“十二(基数词,表年龄)”,B选项“第十二(序数词,表顺序,不适合表年龄)”,C选项“二十(年龄过大,不符合七年级学生身份)”,故选A。
3. —What time is it?
—It's ______ o'clock. Let's have lunch.
A. seven B. twelve C. nine D.ten
【答案】B
【解析】句意“—现在几点了?—____点了,我们吃午饭吧”。A选项“七(早上七点,不适合吃午饭)”,B选项“十二(中午十二点,符合吃午饭的时间)”,C选项“九(上午九点或晚上九点,均不适合吃午饭)”,故选B。
知识点02 序数词的构成
序数词
表示顺序的词,叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。
第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上
first eleventh twentieth
second twelfth thirtieth
third thirteenth fortieth
fourth fourteenth fiftieth
fifth fifteenth sixtieth
sixth sixteenth seventieth
seventh seventeenth eightieth
eighth eighteenth ninetieth
ninth nineteenth hundredth
tenth thousandth
说明:
1.英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式,要注意它们的拼写。
2.表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。
3.其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如:fifty-first(第五十一)。
4.少数序数词拼法不规则,如:fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二)等。
注意: 序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。
例如:
第一:(the) first=1st 第二:(the) second=2nd
第三:(the) third=3rd 第五:(the) fifth=5th
第九十七:(the) ninety-seventh=97th 第一百零一:(the) one hundred (and)first=101st
典例01
(25七年级下·徐州期中)Teachers’ Day comes in September, the ________ day of the month.
A.eighth B.ninth C.tenth D.eleventh
【答案】C
【详解】句意:教师节在九月,是这个月的第十天。
考查序数词和常识。eighth第八;ninth第九;tenth第十;eleventh第十一。根据常识,中国的教师节是9月10日。故选C。
典例02
The ______(第三)class in the morning is English. I like it very much.
【答案】third
【解析】“第三”的序数词为third(特殊变化,对应基数词three),此处表示“第三节课”,用序数词,故填third。
即时检测
1. —Which month is the ______ month of a year?
—It's December.A. twelfth B. twelve C. twentieth D.twelfieth
【答案】A
【解析】句意“—一年中的第____个月是哪个月?—是十二月”。A选项“第十二(序数词,表顺序)”,B选项“十二(基数词,表数量,不表顺序)”,C选项“第二十(序数词,十二月是第十二个月,非第二十个)”,故选A。
2. My brother's birthday is on March the ______.
A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D.fifeth
【答案】B
【解析】句意“我哥哥的生日在三月____”。表示日期需用序数词,“五”的序数词为fifth(特殊变化),A选项“五(基数词)”,C选项“fiveth(拼写错误)”,故选B。
3. This is my ______ time to visit Beijing. I love this city.
A. one B. first C. the first D.the one
【答案】B
【解析】句意“这是我第一次参观北京,我喜欢这座城市”。表示“第几次”用序数词,序数词前有形容词性物主代词my(我的)时,不用加the,A选项“一(基数词)”,C选项“the first(多了定冠词the)”,故选B。
知识点03 数词的应用
数词的应用
1.表编号. 结构:名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词
Lesson One = the first lesson ,Page 32, Bus No.12
注:有些编号,一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101
2.序数词前一般加定冠词the 但序数词前与不定冠词a /an 连用时,表示 “又一,再一”
You’ve done it three times .Why not try a fourth time ?
3.基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄
1)表示年代: in+ the + 年份的复数 在几世纪几十年代. 如: in the 1870s
2)表年龄: in one’s + 整十的复数 表示在某人几十岁时。有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early或late使其含义更确切些。如:The young man is at most in his early thirties.
4. hundred / thousand /million /billion/dozen
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时 ,既加s 也要带of .
Every year thousands of visitors come to China .
There are two thousand students in our school .
5.几个半的表达法:
基数词 + and + a half +名词复数 = 基数词 +名词(单数/复数) +and +a half
two and a half hours = two hours and a half
6.时刻表达法:
1)整点: 基数词 + o’clock
2)几点几分:
A).直接读法: 先读小时 ,后读分钟 3:25 ---- three twenty-five
B).间接读法:
a)≤30分钟. 分钟+ past + 小时 3:25 ----twenty-five past three
b)>30分钟. ( 60-分钟 )+ to + (小时数+1) 3:55 ----- five to four
c) 30 分钟 = half 15分钟=a quarter 45分钟= three quarters
3:30 ---half past three 3:15----a quarter past three 3:45 ----a quarter to four
7. 表示倍数
1. 表示“几倍大小(长短;数量)”,由“倍数+ the size(length, amount...)”结构组成。如:
The earth is forth-nine times the size of the moon.
2. 表示“……比……大几倍”,由“倍数+形容词(副词)比较级+ than +被比较部分”结构组成。如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.
3. 表示“……是……倍”,由“倍数+ as +形容词+ as +被比较部分”结构组成。如:
Our factory is twice as big as theirs.
8.分数的表达法:
1).结构: a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.
b).当分子大于1时,分母加复数.
2).注意: 1).分数词的几种特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter
1/2—one second = a half 3/4—three fourths = three quarters
注: 分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时,谓语动词用复数形式;当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
典例01
1.(25-26七年级上·宿迁期末)—Your son is so smart. How old is he?
—________. We had a special party for his ________ birthday last night.
A.Nine; nine B.Ninth; nine C.Nine; ninth D.Ninth; ninth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你的儿子真聪明。他多大了?——九岁。昨晚我们为他的九岁生日举办了一个特别的派对。
考查数词。nine九,基数词;ninth第九,序数词。根据“How old is he?”可知,第一空回答年龄,用基数词;根据“his...birthday”可知,第二空表达“第九个生日”,用序数词。故选C。
典例02
2.(24-25七年级下·徐州期中)Lily lives in a building with 22 floors. Her home is on the top floor, the ________ floor.
A.ground B.twentieth C.twenty-two D.twenty-second
【答案】D
【详解】句意:莉莉住在一栋22层的大楼里。她的家在顶层,即22层。
考查序数词的用法。ground地面;twentieth第二十层;twenty-two二十二;twenty-second第二十二。根据“Lily lives in a building with 22 floors. Her home is on the top floor...”可知,莉莉家住在第22层,故选D。
即时检测
1.(25-26七年级上·昆明期末)It’s Peter’s birthday soon. How about a surprise party for him? (ten)
【答案】tenth
【详解】句意:彼得很快就要过十岁生日了。为他办个惊喜派对怎么样?表示“第几个生日”用序数词,ten的序数词为tenth,故填tenth。
2.(25-26七年级上·上海闵行期末)The Pearl River is the longest river in China, shorter than the Yellow River. (three)
【答案】third
【详解】句意:珠江是中国第三长的河,比黄河短。根据句子结构,空格位于“the”和“longest”之间,需填入序数词修饰最高级“longest”,表示顺序。基数词three的序数词形式为third,意为“第三的”,符合句意,故填third。
3.— What is one million plus one million? — Two (million).
【答案】million
【详解】句意:——一百万加一百万是多少? ——两百万。million“百万”,表示具体数字时,million在复数形式中保持不变。故填million。
知识点04 基数词和序数词的基本辨析
基数词和序数词的核心区别在于功能——基数词用于表示人或事物的具体数量,回答“多少个”的问题,常见搭配如“基数词+名词复数”(如three books 三本书)、表示年龄(如five years old 五岁)等;序数词则用于表示人或事物的先后顺序,回答“第几个”的问题,常见搭配如“序数词+名词单数”。需要重点注意的是,序数词前通常要加定冠词the来明确特指顺序,不过存在特殊省略情况:当序数词前有名词所有格(如Tom's 汤姆的)、形容词性物主代词(如my 我的、his 他的)修饰时,the可以省略,例如“Tom's third birthday 汤姆的第三个生日”“my first trip 我的第一次旅行”。
典例01
1. —How many months are there in a year?
—______ months. And the ______ month is December.
A. Twelve; twelve B. Twelve; twelfth C. Twelfth; twelve D. Twelfth; twelfth
【答案】B
【解析】第一空回答“一年有多少个月”,表示数量,用基数词Twelve;第二空表示“第十二个月”,表顺序,用序数词twelfth,且序数词前加the。故选B。
典例02
2. My brother is ______ years old, and today is his ______ birthday.
A. nine; nine B. nine; ninth C. ninth; nine D. ninth; ninth
【答案】B
【解析】第一空“九岁”表示年龄(数量),用基数词nine;第二空“第九个生日”表顺序,用序数词ninth。故选B。
即时检测
1.(24-25七年级下·宿迁期中)Lily lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she will celebrate her ________ birthday.
A.five; fiftieth B.fifth; the fiftieth C.five; the fiftieth D.fifth; fiftieth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:莉莉住在一栋五层楼的旧公寓里,她将庆祝她的五十岁生日。
考查基数词和序数词的用法。five五(基数词);fifth第五(序数词);fiftieth第五十(序数词)。根据“an old apartment with...floors”可知,此处指公寓的楼层数量,所以第一空应用基数词five表示数量;根据“her...birthday”可知,此处指“她的第五十个生日”,应用序数词fiftieth表示顺序,空前的her是形容词性物主代词,当序数词和形容词性物主代词连用时,序数词前不加定冠词the。故选A。
2.(24-25七年级下·南京期中)Mike is a Grade 7 student, so he is in _________ grade.
A.seven B.seventh C.the seven D.the seventh
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Mike是一名七年级学生,因此他在七年级。
考查序数词。seven七,基数词;seventh第七,序数词。在正式表达中,序数词表示年级时一般需加“the”。即in the seventh grade表示“在七年级”。故选D。
3.(24-25七年级下·扬州期中)Millie and I live in the same building. I live on the sixth floor. She lives three floors ________ me, on the ________ floor.
A.above; ninth B.over; third C.above; third D.on; ninth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Millie和我住在同一栋楼里。我住在六楼。她住在我上面三层,在第九层。
考查介词和序数词辨析。above在……上方;over在……正上方;on在……上。根据句意,Millie住在“我”上方三层,应使用“above”。六楼加三层是九楼,序数词为“ninth”。故选A。
知识点05 基数词和序数词的固定用法
序数词的常见固定用法主要分为两类,且需注意与基数词的搭配差异。第一类是“a/an + 序数词”,这类用法不强调具体的顺序位次,核心含义是“又一个、再一个”,侧重在已有数量基础上额外增加的数量,比如“再试一次”可表达为“try a second time”;第二类是“the + 序数词”,这类用法明确强调顺序,含义是“第……个”,通常需要结合具体的排序语境使用,且the不可随意省略。此外,还需注意数量表达的固定搭配:当表示具体的、确定的数量时,要用“基数词 + hundred/thousand/million + 名词复数”的结构,此时hundred、thousand、million不可加s;而序数词不能与hundred、thousand等词搭配表示数量,若需表达“第几百、第几千”的顺序含义,需用“the + 序数词 + hundred/thousand + 名词复数”,如“the second thousand trees(第二千棵树)”。
典例
1.(24-25七年级下·南通期中)I have seen Nezha 2 twice. I plan to see it ______ time during this May Day Holiday.
A.a second B.a third C.the third D.three
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我已经看过两次《哪吒 2》了。我计划在今年五一假期再看一次。
考查序数词用法。a second time再一次;a third time再一次,又一次;the third time第三次;three三,基数词。根据上文“I have seen Nezha 2 twice.”可知,说话人已经看了两次《哪吒 2》,所以此处是计划在五一假期再看一次,应用“a third time”强调在原有次数 (两次) 基础上的“额外一次”,不强调顺序。故选B。
即时检测
1. —I have read this book twice. Do you want to read it?
—Yes, I want to read it ______ time.
A. three B. third C. a third D. the third
【答案】C
【解析】前句“读过两次”,后句“想再读一次”,侧重“额外增加的一次”,不强调顺序,用“a + 序数词third”。若用the third则表示“第三次”,需明确顺序语境,此处不符。故选C。
2. About ______ students took part in the sports meeting, and the ______ student from Class 3 won the first prize.
A. two hundred; fifth B. two hundreds; fifth C. two hundred; five D. two hundreds; five
【答案】A
【解析】第一空表示“大约200名学生”,具体数量用“基数词+hundred”(hundred不加s);第二空表示“第三名学生”,表顺序用序数词fifth。故选A。
3. This is ______ time I've told you to clean your room. You must do it now.
A. four B. fourth C. a fourth D. the fourth
【答案】D
【解析】此处强调“这是我第四次告诉你”,明确顺序,需用“the + 序数词fourth”。a fourth侧重“又一次”,无顺序含义,此处不符。故选D。
考场练兵·分层实战
基础通关练(测试时间:10分钟)
1.(25-26八年级上·上海·期中)People’s lives have become more convenient in the _________ century. (twenty-one)
【答案】twenty-first
【详解】句意:在21世纪,人们的生活变得更加便利。表示“第几世纪”需要用序数词。“twenty-one”的序数词形式为“twenty-first”,且序数词前通常加定冠词“the”,符合“in the+序数词+century”的固定表达。故填twenty-first。
2.(25-26七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Tom is really excited because it’s his ________ (one) time to visit China.
【答案】first
【详解】句意:汤姆真的很兴奋,因为这是他第一次访问中国。one“一”是基数词。空格处修饰名词“time”,表示顺序,需用序数词形式。first意为“第一”。故填first。
3.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)Martin became the owner of a junior sports club in his ________. (thirty)
【答案】thirties
【详解】句意:马丁在他三十多岁时成了一家青少年体育俱乐部的老板。thirty是基数词,意为“三十”;“in one’s+整十数的复数形式”是固定用法,表示“在某人几十多岁时”,thirty的复数是thirties,“in his thirties”即“在他三十多岁时”,符合语境。故填thirties。
4.(25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中)Leehom Wang made the new film Love in Disguise. This was his ________ time to be a director. (one)
【答案】first
【详解】句意:王力宏执导了新电影《恋爱通告》,这是他第一次担任导演。根据提示可知,括号内的one是基数词,此处表达“第几次”的含义,需要使用序数词;one的序数词形式是first,且序数词前有形容词性物主代词his修饰时,不需要加定冠词 the。故填first。
5.(25-26九年级上·新疆昌吉·期中)She is nineteen, and next year she is going to celebrate her ________ (第二十) birthday.
【答案】twentieth/20th
【详解】句意:她今年十九岁,明年将要庆祝她的第二十个生日。根据提示可知,空格处需要填序数词来表示生日的顺序,“第二十” 对应的英文序数词是twentieth,且形容词性物主代词her后接序数词时,无需加定冠词the。故填twentieth/20th。
6.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)I chose the flat on the ________ floor because I think “9” stands for “long-lasting” (nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:我选了9楼的公寓因为我认为“9”代表“长久”。nine“九”,是基数词,根据“floor”可知,此处应用其序数词,故填ninth。
7.(25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中)Look! The old man is celebrating his ________ birthday. (ninety)
【答案】ninetieth
【详解】句意:看!那位老人正在庆祝他的九十岁生日。ninety“九十”,修饰名词birthday“生日”需要用其序数词形式,ninety的序数词形式为ninetieth,故填ninetieth。
8.(25-26七年级上·河南南阳·期中)I have t________ pencils. Eight are blue and four are white.
【答案】twelve/welve
【详解】句意:我有十二支铅笔。八支是蓝色,四支是白色。根据后一句“Eight are blue and four are white.”,结合首字母提示可知,此处指有十二支铅笔,twelve“十二”。故填twelve。
9.(25-26七年级上·广东江门·期中)每天成百上千的顾客来这个店铺。
________ ________ customers come to this store every day.
【答案】 Hundreds of
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,设空处意为“成百上千”,其英文表达为hundreds of,固定表达,句首首字母大写。故填Hundreds;of。
10.(25-26七年级上·四川自贡·期中)我的舅舅有十三头奶牛。
My uncle has ________ ________.
【答案】 thirteen cows
【详解】“十三”thirteen,“奶牛”cow,thirteen后接可数名词复数形式cows。故填thirteen; cows。
11.(24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中)在21世纪10年代,网购变得越来越受年轻人欢迎。
In the ________, shopping online was more and more ________ with the young.
【答案】 2010s popular
【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知,空缺处应该填的是“21世纪10年代”和“受欢迎”,“21世纪10年代”的英文表达是the 2010s,“受欢迎”的英文表达是popular,be popular with sb“受某人欢迎”,故填2010s;popular。
重难突破练(测试时间:20分钟)
1.(25-26七年级下·江苏苏州·月考)How do you read the big number 6,325,047?
A.Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven
B.Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven
C.Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven
D.Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven
【答案】B
【详解】在英语中,数字的读法是从高位到低位,每三位为一个单位。从左到右,第一个逗号前是6,读作six million;第二个逗号前是325,读作three hundred and twenty-five thousand;最后三位数047,百位为0,在英式英语中,当末尾不足一百时,应在“thousand”后加and。
2.(25-26七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries.
A.Thousands of; six hundreds B.Thousand of; six hundred
C.Thousands of; six hundred D.Thousand of; six hundreds
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每年有数千名学生进入这里的一所大学。其中大约有六百人来自外国。
考查数词的用法。“thousand”,当表示不确定的“数千”时,要用“thousands of”,所以第一空用“Thousands of”。当表示具体的“几百”时,“hundred”用单数形式,第二空应用“six hundred”。故选C。
3.(25-26七年级上·江西上饶·期中)—How many geese do you have at the farm?
—I have ________ geese: six white geese and four black geese.
A.fifteen B.ten C.five D.twenty
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你在农场有多少只鹅?——我有十只鹅:六只白鹅和四只黑鹅。
考查数字运算。fifteen十五;ten十;five五;twenty二十。根据答语“six white geese and four black geese”可知,白鹅6只加上黑鹅4只,总数为10只。故选B。
4.(25-26九年级上·云南保山·期中)In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.third fifth, are C.three fifth, is D.three fifths, are
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在我们班里,五分之三的学生是女生。
考查分数表达及主谓一致。分数表达规则:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加-s。因此“五分之三”应为three fifths。主语“of the students”中心词是复数名词students,谓语动词用复数are。故选D。
5.(25-26八年级上·甘肃酒泉·期中)—If a=6, b=5, what’s the answer to the question “a+2ab+1=?”
—________.
A.Sixty-seven B.Forty-five C.Twenty-three D.One hundred
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——如果a=6,b=5,问题“a+ 2ab +1=?”的答案是什么?——六十七。
考查数字运算。Sixty-seven六十七;Forty-five四十五;Twenty-three二十三;One hundred一百。根据“If a=6, b=5, what’ s the answer to the question ‘a+ 2ab +1=?’”可知,数学运算,代入a=6、b=5,即a + 2ab + 1 = 6 + 2 × 6 × 5 + 1 = 6 + 60 + 1 = 67。故选A。
6.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my uncle’s ________ birthday.
A.twenty B.twentieth C.twelve D.the twentieth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:明天我们要庆祝我叔叔的第二十个生日。
考查序数词的用法。twenty二十(基数词);twentieth第二十(序数词);twelve十二(基数词);the twentieth第二十(序数词)。表示第几个生日,需用序数词,名词所有格后无需加定冠词the。故选B。
7.(25-26七年级上·四川乐山·期中)There are ________ floors in this building. And I live on the ________ floor.
A.twelve; three B.twelfth; third C.twelfth; three D.twelve; third
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这栋楼有十二层。而且我住在第三层。
考查基数词和序数词的用法。twelve十二,基数词;three三,基数词;twelfth第十二,序数词;third第三。序数词。根据句意可知,第一个空表示楼层总数量,应用基数词twelve;第二个空表示具体楼层顺序,应用序数词third。故选D。
8.(24-25七年级上·内蒙古通辽·期中)—Do you know Peter?
—Yes. He’s in _________.
A.3 Class, 7 Grade
B.7 Grade, Class 3
C.3 Class, Grade 7
D.Class 3, Grade 7
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你认识Peter吗?——认识。他在七年级三班。
考查英语中班级和年级的表达。在英语中,表达“几班几年级”时,应遵循“Class+数字, Grade+数字”的固定顺序,且数字放在名词后,结合选项可知,只有D符合标准表达。故选D。
9.(25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期中)—How was your weekend?
—Great! It was my grandfather’s ________ birthday. We were all very happy.
A.seventy B.the seventy C.seventieth D.the seventieth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你周末过得怎么样?——很棒!那是我祖父的七十岁生日。我们都很高兴。
考查序数词的用法。seventy七十,基数词;the seventy七十,带定冠词;seventieth第七十,序数词;the seventieth第七十,带定冠词。根据“grandfather’s…birthday”可知,此处表示“爷爷的第多少个生日”,应用序数词;且名词所有格“grandfather’s”后接序数词时,序数词前无需再加定冠词the,此处应填seventieth。故选C。
10.(25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中)Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, ________ book of the series, was published years ago.
A.seventh B.the seventh C.the seven D.seven
【答案】B
【详解】句意:《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》是该系列的第七本书,多年前就已经出版了。
考查序数词的用法。seven七,基数词;seventh第七,序数词。根据“book of the series”可知,此处表示“第七本书”,用序数词表示顺序,且序数词前要加定冠词the。故选B。
11.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—The Yangtze River is the ________ longest river in the world.
—Yes, only after the Nile River and the Amazon River.
A.three B.third C.four D.fourth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——长江是世界上第三长的河流。——是的,仅在尼罗河和亚马逊河之后。
考查序数词辨析。three三,基数词;third第三,序数词;four四,基数词;fourth第四,序数词。根据“only after the Nile River and the Amazon River”可知,长江是世界第三长河,这里需要表示顺序的序数词,third符合语境,说明长江的长度排名。故选B。
12.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)He graduated in the year 1976. In other words, we can say “He graduated ______.”
A.in the 19th century B.in the 1976s
C.in the 2070s D.in the 1970s
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他1976年毕业。换句话说,我们可以说“他毕业于20世纪70年代。”
考查英语中年代的表达方式。年代用“in the+年份的复数形式”表示,此处“年份”需为十位整数。in the 19th century在19世纪,但1976年属于20世纪,错误;in the 1976s表达错误,因为年代应为“1970s”等形式;in the 2070s在21世纪70年代,时间不符;in the 1970s在20世纪70年代,正确,因为1976年属于1970年代。故选D。
13.(25-26七年级上·云南昭通·期中)— Which class are you in?
— I am in ________.
A.class three, grade eight B.Class Three, Grade Eight
C.Grade Eight, Class Three D.grade eight, class three
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你在哪个班?——我在八年级三班。
考查班级和年级的表达。英语中表达班级和年级时,班级在前,年级在后,且Class、Grade和数字首字母都要大写。故选B。
14.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)________ students took part in the sports meeting on the ________ School Day.
A.Thousands of; ninety B.Thousand of; ninetieth
C.Thousands of; ninetieth D.Thousand of; ninety
【答案】C
【详解】句意:数千名学生参加了第九十个学校日的运动会。
考查数词和序数词的用法。thousands of数千的;ninety九十;ninetieth第九十。第一个空表示“数千的”,应用“Thousands of”;第二个空表示顺序“第九十”,应用序数词“ninetieth”。故选C。
15.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—________ persons want to have the party.
—Great! That means ________ of them will come and join us.
A.Forty-two; two thirds B.Forty-second; two third C.Forty-second; two thirds D.Forty-two; two third
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——有四十二个人想举办这个派对。——太好了,那意味着他们中三分之二的人会来加入我们。
考查数词用法。基数词表示数量,如forty-two(四十二);分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数形式,因此“三分之二”是 two thirds。故选A。
16.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)My cousin has collected over _______ comic books. But his favourite is still _______ one he has ever got.
A.twelfth; the ninth B.twelve; the ninth C.twelfth; nine D.twelve; nine
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的表弟已经收集了超过十二本漫画书。但他最喜欢的仍然是他曾经得到的第九本。
考查基数词和序数词的用法。twelfth第十二,序数词;the ninth第九,序数词;twelve十二,基数词;nine九,基数词。第一个空,根据“over ... comic books”可知,此处是指超过多少本漫画书,需用基数词twelve表示数量;第二个空,根据“... one”可知,此处是指“第几本”,应用序数词“the ninth”表顺序。故选B。
17.(24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—How wide is the Golden Gate Bridge?
—It’s ________.
A.90-foot-wide B.90 feet wide C.90 foot wide D.90-feet-wide
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——金门大桥有多宽?——它有九十英尺宽。
考查宽度的表达和复合形容词。90-foot-wide九十英尺宽的(只能作定语修饰名词);90 feet wide九十英尺宽;90 foot wide和90-feet-wide都是错误表达。表示宽度可用“基数词+单位词+形容词”结构,foot表示“英尺”,其复数形式是feet,90后要用可数名词的复数形式,所以选项C是错误表达;复合形容词的结构之一是“数词-单数名词-形容词”,这种结构只能作定语修饰名词,选项D是错误表达;空处作表语,名词短语90 feet wide符合语境。故选B。
18.(22-23七年级上·江苏徐州·期中)—“Go downstairs, and you’ll get to the first floor.” says the worker in British Museum.
— “Oh, mom, that means we’ll get to the ________ floor .” says Jim, an American boy.
A.second B.third C.ground D.fourth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——“下楼,你就会到二楼。”大英博物馆的工作人员说。——“哦,妈妈,那意味着我们会到二楼。”美国男孩吉姆说。
考查英美国家文化差异。second第二;third第三;ground地面;fourth第四。在英国中,first floor是指二楼,相当于美国的二楼,英国一楼的表达是ground floor。故选A。
19.(21-22七年级下·江苏南京·期中)There are ________ patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong now, and about ________ people died.
A.thousands of; 80 hundred B.thousands of; 80 hundreds
C.thousand of; 80 hundred of D.thousand of; 80 hundreds of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:现在香港有数千名新冠肺炎患者,大约有8000人死亡。
考查数词。根据“patients”并结合选项可知,第一空为“数千的,成千上万的”,此时要用thousand的复数形式thousands,且后面必须要加of,即thousands of,排除选项C和D。根据“people died”并结合选项可知,第二空要表达具体的数量,此时数词hundred后面不能加s,也不能加of,故应用80 hundred。故选A。
20.(25-26七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)—How many students are there in your school?
—About two ________. It’s a large school.
A.thousands B.thousand C.thousand of D.thousands of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你们学校有多少学生?——大约两千人。这是一所大学校。
考查数字表达。表示具体数字时,thousand用单数,且不加of,如two thousand(两千);表示概数时,用thousands of(成千上万的)。此处“two”为具体数字,故应用thousand。故选B。
21.(25-26七年级上·江苏无锡·期中)________ come to my hometown in spring to enjoy flowers.
A.Two thousands visitors B.Thousands of visitors
C.Thousands visitors D.Two thousands of visitors
【答案】B
【详解】句意:春天,成千上万的游客来到我的家乡赏花。
考查thousand的用法。thousand与具体数字连用时需用单数形式,且不加of,故排除A和D;无具体数字时用“thousands of”表示“成千上万的”。故选B。
22.(24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期中)The Slender West Lake is a good place to have fun and ________ tourists visit it during the May Day holiday every year.
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:瘦西湖是一个娱乐的好地方,每年五一假期都有成千上万的游客去那里参观。
考查数词用法。thousand千,数词;thousands千,应与of构成短语;thousands of成千上万的;thousand of形式错误,thousand与of连用时,需用复数形式。根据“tourists visit it during the May Day holiday every year.”可知,此处指“成千上万的游客”,thousands of“成千上万的”符合语境。故选C。
23.(25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中)About ________ people of our town attended this get-together. All of them had a good time.
A.three hundred of B.hundreds of C.three hundred D.three hundreds
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们镇上大约有三百人参加了这次聚会。他们都玩得很开心。
考查数词用法。three hundred of表述错误;hundreds of成百上千的;three hundred三百;three hundreds错误表达。当表示具体数字时,hundred用单数形式,且后面不加of直接接名词;表示约数时用hundreds of。题干中“About...people”表示“大约……人”,且无范围限定,应用“three hundred”。故选C。
24.(25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中)It’s hard to imagine this lady has already been in her ________.
A.fifty B.fiftieth C.fifties D.fifteen
【答案】C
【详解】句意:很难想象这位女士已经五十多岁了。
考查年龄表达法。fifty五十;fiftieth第五十;fifties五十多岁;fifteen十五。根据语境可知,此处表示“在五十多岁”这一年龄段,英语中常用“in one’s+整十基数词复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。故选C。
25.(25-26八年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中)Maria is a _______ girl. She looks very beautiful.
A.14-year-old B.14 years old C.14-years-old
【答案】A
【详解】句意:玛丽亚是一个14岁的女孩。她看起来非常漂亮。
考查复合形容词。14-year-old“14岁的”,复合形容词,作定语修饰名词;14 years old“14岁”,作表语;14-years-old形式错误,有连字符连接时,year要用单数形式。分析句子结构可知,此处作定语修饰名词girl,所以用14-year-old。故选A。
26.(25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中)—How many teachers work in ________ office?
—There are ________.
A.first; twelve B.the first; twelve C.the first; the twelve D.first; the twelve
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——有多少老师在第一个办公室工作?——有十二个。
考查定冠词和数词用法。序数词(如first)前需加the表示顺序,基数词(如twelve)表示数量时不加the。故选B。
综合拓展练(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·西藏·中考真题)Four and seven is ________.
A.ten B.eleven C.twelve D.thirteen
【答案】B
【详解】句意:四加七等于十一。
考查数词和数字运算。ten十;eleven十一;twelve十二;thirteen十三。根据“Four and seven is”可知,四加七等于十一,故选B。
2.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)David will celebrate his ________ birthday soon. He will reach “the year of erli”.
A.thirtieth B.fortieth C.fiftieth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大卫很快就要庆祝他的三十岁生日了。他将到达“而立之年”。
考查序数词。thirtieth第三十;fortieth第四十;fiftieth第五十。根据“He will reach “the year of erli”.”可知,而立之年是三十岁。故选A。
3.(2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题)The weather in Kunming is so comfortable and I have been there ________ times. If possible, I still want to go there a ________ time.
A.three; fourth B.third; fourth C.three; four D.third; four
【答案】A
【详解】句意:昆明的天气非常舒适,我已经去过那里三次。如果可能的话,我还想再去第四次。
考查数词。three三,基数词;third第三,序数词;four四,基数词;fourth第四,序数词。第一空后是复数名词times,需要用基数词,排除BD;第二空后是单数名词time,需要用序数词,排除C。故选A。
4.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well.
A.nineteen B.ninety C.ninetieth D.nineties
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我的老爷爷九十多岁了,但他仍然能做些园艺并照顾好自己。
考查年龄表达法。nineteen十九;ninety九十;ninetieth第九十;nineties九十几。表示“某人几十多岁”用“in one’s + 整十基数词的复数形式”。故选D。
5.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)It’s well known that December is the ________ month of a year.
A.twelve B.twelfth C.twelveth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:众所周知,十二月是一年中的第十二个月。
考查序数词。twelve十二;twelfth第十二。根据“December is the...month of a year”可知十二月是一年中的第十二个月,此处表示顺序用序数词twelfth。故选B。
6.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)—When are you going on holiday?
—I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July.
A.two B.second C.twice
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你什么时候去度假?——我不确定,可能是七月的第二周。
考查数词。two二;second第二;twice两次。根据“perhaps the...week in July.”可知,此处表示七月的第二周,表示顺序,需用序数词second。故选B。
7.(2018·重庆·中考真题)________ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A.Thousand B.Thousand of C.Thousands D.Thousands of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:假期期间,成千上万的游客来到洪崖洞拍照。
考查数词的表达。表示具体的数量,用基数词+数词的单数形式,表示概数,用数词的复数形式+of。此处表示概数,此空应填Thousands of,故选D。
8.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—________ of the students in our class have passed the exam.
—Oh, that means 20% of them should work harder.
A.One fifth B.Four five C.Four fifths D.One five
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们班五分之四的学生通过了考试。——哦,那意味着他们中的20%应该更加努力。
考查分数表达。One fifth五分之一;Four five四五;Four fifths五分之四;One five一五。根据“20% of them should work harder”可知,有20%的学生没通过考试,即五分之一的学生没通过考试,那么通过考试的人数占五分之四。Four fifths表示五分之四。故选C。
9.(2024·西藏·中考真题)________ of the students are in the art club.
A.Two third B.Two thirds C.Third two D.Thirds two
【答案】B
【详解】句意:三分之二的学生参加了艺术俱乐部。
考查分数的表达。分数的表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,且当分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。B选项Two thirds意为“三分之二”,符合语法规则。故选B。
10.(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)There are ________ solar terms (节气) in a year. Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth C.the twenty-fourth
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一年有二十四个节气。立春是第一个。
考查数词用法。twenty-four二十四,基数词;twenty-fourth第二十四,序数词;the twenty-fourth第二十四。根据“There are...solar terms (节气) in a year.”可知,此处表示“有二十四个节气”,用基数词强调数量。故选A。
二、单词拼写
11.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)I live on the _______ (第六) floor of this building and have a good view of Luoma Lake.
【答案】sixth/6th
【详解】句意:我住在这栋楼的六楼,可以很好地看到罗马湖。sixth/6th“第六”,作定语修饰floor,故填sixth/6th。
12.(2022·江苏南京·中考真题)Nanjing Museum is the ________ (one) modern museum and remains as one of the leading museum in China.
【答案】first
【详解】句意:南京博物馆是中国第一座现代博物馆,至今仍是中国主要的博物馆之一。one是数词,根据“the...modern museum”可知,此处用序数词表示顺序,即:第一座现代化博物馆,one的序数词是first。故填first。
13.(2024·四川内江·中考真题)—Have you heard of Hou Yi Shoots the Suns?
—Yes. Once upon a time, there were t_______ suns. Hou Yi shot down nine of them and left one.
【答案】(t)en
【详解】句意:——你听说过《后羿射日》吗?——是的。很久以前,天上有十个太阳。后羿射下了九个,留下了一个。根据“Hou Yi shot down nine of them and left one.”及首字母可知,是指很久以前,有10个太阳,空处用基数词ten“十”,表示数量。故填(t)en。
14.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Mr Wu is my new neighbour. He lives on the ________(six) floor.
【答案】sixth
【详解】句意:吴先生是我的新邻居。他住在六楼。根据“Mr Wu is my new neighbour. He lives on the ... (six) floor.”可知,此处表示居住在“第六”层楼,需要用序数词。six的序数词形式是sixth。故填sixth。
15.(2025·甘肃金昌·中考真题)This is Li Hua’s ________ (three) time to be a volunteer.
【答案】third
【详解】句意:这是李华第三次担任志愿者了。此处作定语修饰time,用序数词third“第三”。故填third。
16.(2025·四川德阳·中考真题)China’s National Day is in October, the t________ month of the year.
【答案】(t)enth
【详解】句意:中国的国庆节在十月,一年中的第十个月。根据“China’s National Day is in October, the...month of the year.”可知,十月是一年中的第十个月,空处应是序数词tenth“第十”。故填(t)enth。
17.(2025·云南·中考真题)Every year, people celebrate World First Aid Day on the ________ Saturday in September. (two)
【答案】second
【详解】句意:每年9月的第二个星期六,人们都会庆祝世界急救日。此处指“第二个星期六”,表示顺序用序数词second“第二”。故填second。
18.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)Last weekend, ________ (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall.
【答案】hundreds
【详解】句意:上周末,数百名学生参加了在明古城墙脚下的阅读活动。根据“Last weekend, ...(hundred) of students”可知,此处是hundreds of“数百”,固定用法,故填hundreds。
19.(2023·上海·中考真题)There were various activities at the ________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight)
【答案】eighth
【详解】句意:第八届中国民间工艺博览会上有各种各样的活动。此处指“第八届中国民间工艺博览会”,表示顺序用序数词eighth“第八”。故填eighth。
20.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)I live on the __________ (ten) floor. I can enjoy beautiful views of the city.
【答案】tenth
【详解】句意:我住在十楼。我可以欣赏到城市的美丽景色。根据“the...floor”可知此处指十楼,表示顺序用序数词tenth“第十”。故填tenth。
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