专题02 反意疑问句（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期鲁教版五四制

专题02 反意疑问句（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 反意疑问句的构成 知识点02 反意疑问句的答语 知识点03 特殊的反意疑问句 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 1. 被动语态的构成； 2. 反意疑问句的答语； 3. 特殊的反意疑问句 1. ‌语境化考查成为主流：从 “死记口诀” 转向 “语境判断” 2.常和一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时捆绑出题。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 反意疑问句的构成 1. 反意疑问句由两部分构成，前一部分为一个陈述句，后一部分为一个简略的疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，即如果陈述部分为肯定句，反意疑问部分用否定形式；如果陈述部分为否定句，反意疑问部分用肯定形式，而且前后两部分要在人称、数、时态上保持一致。 2. Let 开头的祈使句 Let’s… → shall we? Let us / Let me… → will you? I think / I believe 宾语从句 3. 主语是 I / We think → 疑问部分看从句 don’t think 否定前移 → 后半句肯定 例句：I think he is right, isn’t he? I don’t think he is right, is he? 典例01 1. There is little water in the cup, ________? A. is there B. isn’t there C. is it 即时检测 1．Let’s go to the cinema tonight, ________ ________? (改为反义疑问句) 2．Let’s go to the park this afternoon, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 3．Don’t waste water when you brush your teeth. (改为反义疑问句) Don’t waste water when you brush your teeth, ________ ________? 4．Let’s watch the football match, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 5．Honesty is the most important thing. (改为反义疑问句) Honesty is the most important thing, ________ ________? 知识点02 反意疑问句的答语 1. 反意疑问句的回答遵循一个原则，即根据事实而定。当回答事实是肯定时，用“Yes+肯定回答”；当回答事实是否定时，就用“No+否定回答”。如： ---There is a clock on the wall，isn't there ? ---Yes, there is. ---墙上挂着一个钟，不是吗? ---是的，墙上挂着一个钟。 ---Lacy doesn't study hard, does she? ---No, she doesn’t . ---露西学习不努力，是吗? ---是的，她(学习)不努力。 【注意】在“前否后肯”的反意疑问句中， 答语中的“Yes”翻译成”不”，而“No”翻译成“是的”。 典例01 1. —Your brother can’t swim, can he? —________. He swims very well. A. Yes, he can B. No, he can’t C. Yes, he can’t 即时检测 一、单项选择 1．—He’s told to join in the maths competition, ________ he? —________. He is preparing for it. A．hasn’t; No B．hasn’t; Yes C．isn’t; No D．isn’t; Yes 2．—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he? —________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital. A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t 3．—You don’t think the mobile phone is expensive, do you? —________. It cost me an arm and a leg. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, it is D．No, it isn’t 4．—Your brother didn’t use to be shy, did he? —________. But now he is outgoing and likes making friends. A．Yes, he did B．Yes, he didn’t C．No, he didn’t D．No, he did 5．— It seems almost impossible that the forest fire in the national park could be stopped, ________  it? —________, it’s not easy to stop it even with enough resources and effort. A．does; Yes B．doesn’t; Yes C．does; No D．doesn’t; No 知识点03 特殊反意疑问句 1. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody，everyone，someone，nobody，somebody等不定代词时，反意疑问部分中的主语强调全体时用“they”；强调个体时用“he”。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they? 大家都在这儿，不是吗？ 2. 当陈述部分的主语是everything，anything，nothing，something等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语常用it。如： Something is wrong with my bike, isn’t it? 我的自行车出毛病了，是吗？ 3. 当陈述部分含有seldom，hardly，never，few，little，nowhere，nothing等否定间或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如： She can hardly speak French, can she? 她几乎不会说法语，是吗？ 4. 当陈述部分含有had better时，反意疑问部分的动词用had或had n't。如： You had better finish your homework first, hadn't you?你最好先完成你的家庭作业，好不好? 5. 当陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代问通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。当陈述句是“I’m sure/afraid, I think/suppose/imagine/believe/expect等+宾语从句”时，反意疑问部分应与从句保持一致，且注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。如； She will go to see Lily when she goes there, won't she? 当她去那儿的时候，她会去看莉莉，是不是? If you don't leave early, you will be late, won't you? 如果你不早点动身，你就会迟到。难道不是吗? 6. 当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分常用will you。如： Lend me some money，will you?借点钱给我，好吗? 【注意】Let's和Let us用法上不同，因此反意疑问句的形式也不同。Let's开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用shall we；以Let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用will you。如： Let's go swimming, shall we? 我们一起去游泳吧，好吗? Let us go swimming, will you? 我们一起去游泳，好吗? 典例01 1. Don’t be late again, _______? A. will you B. do you C. are you 即时检测 1．Nothing can stop her from chasing her dream. (改为反意疑问句) Nothing can stop her from chasing her dream, ________ ________? 2．Remember that you lent me your favourite book. (改为反义疑问句) Remember that you lent me your favourite book, ________ ________? 3．Don’t turn left here. (改为反意疑问句) Don’t turn left here, ________ 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—He has watched the new movie, ________? —________. He told me it was very interesting and he would like to watch it again. A．has he, Yes B．didn’t he, No C．hasn’t he, Yes 2．You should drink plenty of water when you have a sore throat, _________? A．should you B．shouldn’t you C．do you D．don’t you 3．Let us make a travel guide this afternoon, _________? A．shall we B．will you C．don’t you D．aren’t we 4．It is never too late to learn, ________? A．is it B．isn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 5．They have never been to America, ________? A．have they B．haven’t they C．don’t they D．do they 6．There is someone at the door, ________? A．isn’t there B．is there C．isn’t it D．is it 7．—They haven’t read this famous novel carefully, have they? —________. They are very busy these days. A．Yes, they have B．No, they haven’t C．Yes, they haven’t D．No, they have 8．—Lily used to write letters to her mother, ________? —Yes, but now she often sends text messages to her. A．did she B．doesn’t she C．didn’t she D．does she 9．—Are you going to the picnic with us tonight? —Yes. You won’t be late, ________? A．should you B．will you C．don’t you 10．—You haven’t been to Beijing, have you? —________. How I wish to go there! A．Yes, I have B．Yes, I haven’t C．No, I have D．No, I haven’t 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完成句子 1．She’s never been late for school.（补全附加问句） She’s never been late for school, ________ ________? 2．The students watched a wonderful magic show yesterday. (改为反意疑问句) The students watched a wonderful magic show yesterday, ________ ________? 3．Trains had to slow down in many areas. (改为反意疑问句) Trains had to slow down in many areas, ________? 4．She has brought many flowers to the party. (改为反义疑问句) She has brought many flowers to the party, _______ _______? 5．These shoes don’t match your outfit. (改为反意疑问句) ___________________________________ 6．Lisa made few mistakes in the monthly exam. (改为反意疑问句) Lisa made few mistakes in the monthly exam, _______ _______? 7．She has never been to Japan.  (改为反意疑问句) She has never been to Japan, ________ ________? 8．She used to be shy. (改为反意疑问句) → She used to be shy, ________ ________? 9．They will come to the party, ________ ________? 10．You knew when your friend needed help the most. (改为反义疑问句) You knew when your friend needed help the most, ________? 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he 1 (ask) why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old. “I was trying to get a bottle 2 milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling(溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was frightened and I didn’t know what to do!” he said. His mother 3 (hear) the noise and got into the kitchen. “I am considering how to explain all this to you, mom.” he said. Instead of 4 (punish) him, she said, “Robert, what a great mess you have made! I 5 (not see) such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like 6 (play) in the milk for a while? We will clean it up after that.” Then, he did so. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you 7 (make) a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.” He used a sponge(海绵) and together they cleaned up the spilled milk. His mother then said, “You know, we failed in how to 8 (success) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see 9 you can discover a way to carry it.” Then the little boy learned that if he grasped(抓紧) the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. 10 a wonderful lesson! 二、语法选择 Where was that cashier? Impatiently, I looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to get a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly empty 1 , but the cashier was nowhere. A cleaning lady was there, wiping the counter. She looked at me 2 with sad and dark eyes. I had been standing there for at least three minutes, and I was getting angry. Just then, I remembered Mom’s words: “ 3 you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is impatient, then patience is missing. If someone is afraid, then bravery is missing. If we become what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs.” And in such a situation, what was missing was 4 . Maybe I should just 5 the counter and take my own order. At that moment, the lady walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked. Looking at me again with these eyes that seemed too tired to care. 6 I was very impatient, with Mom’s words in mind, I forced a smile and gave her my order. Then I asked gently, “How are you doing today?” My question seemed to 7 her. Her eyes lit up as if no one had ever asked her such a question. She sighed (叹气), “Not too good.” “I’m sorry,” I said softly. “I hope it gets better starting right now.” She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.” As I ate my sandwich, I thought to myself: We’re all the same, really. We all have problems, we get tired, we feel hurt… What we need most is to be 8 to each other. After finishing the quick meal, I wiped the table cleaner than usual and put the tray back nicely on the stand. The lady looked at me for the 9 time, but this time with a big smile on her face. “Be what’s missing.” It really 10 . Sometimes all we need is to give a little kindness to make things right. In every silence, there waits a chance to be what’s missing. 1．A．street B．school C．bank D．restaurant 2．A．coldly B．kindly C．nervously D．carefully 3．A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Whoever 4．A．communication B．trust C．service D．advice 5．A．jump on B．jump off C．jump behind D．jump around 6．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Until 7．A．hurt B．surprise C．trouble D．encourage 8．A．angrier B．wiser C．nicer D．stricter 9．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 10．A．worked B．noted C．ended D．repeated 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 反意疑问句（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 反意疑问句的构成 知识点02 反意疑问句的答语 知识点03 特殊的反意疑问句 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 1. 被动语态的构成； 2. 反意疑问句的答语； 3. 特殊的反意疑问句 1. ‌语境化考查成为主流：从 “死记口诀” 转向 “语境判断” 2.常和一般过去时、现在完成时、一般将来时捆绑出题。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 反意疑问句的构成 1. 反意疑问句由两部分构成，前一部分为一个陈述句，后一部分为一个简略的疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，即如果陈述部分为肯定句，反意疑问部分用否定形式；如果陈述部分为否定句，反意疑问部分用肯定形式，而且前后两部分要在人称、数、时态上保持一致。 2. Let 开头的祈使句 Let’s… → shall we? Let us / Let me… → will you? I think / I believe 宾语从句 3. 主语是 I / We think → 疑问部分看从句 don’t think 否定前移 → 后半句肯定 例句：I think he is right, isn’t he? I don’t think he is right, is he? 典例01 1. There is little water in the cup, ________? A. is there B. isn’t there C. is it 【答案】A 【详解】little 表否定，前否后肯；there be 句型反问用 there。 即时检测 1．Let’s go to the cinema tonight, ________ ________? (改为反义疑问句) 【答案】 shall we 【详解】句意：今晚我们去看电影吧，好吗？Let’s开头的祈使句，反义疑问部分固定用shall we。故填shall；we。 2．Let’s go to the park this afternoon, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 【答案】 shall we 【详解】句意：我们今天下午去公园吧，好吗？原句是以Let’s开头的祈使句，表示建议，改为反意疑问句时，固定搭配为shall we。故填shall；we。 3．Don’t waste water when you brush your teeth. (改为反义疑问句) Don’t waste water when you brush your teeth, ________ ________? 【答案】 will you 【详解】句意：当你刷牙的时候不要浪费水。对于祈使句的反义疑问句，通常有两种情况。当祈使句为肯定形式时，反义疑问句一般用will you；当祈使句为否定形式时，反义疑问句也用will you。原句是否定祈使句，所以反义疑问句用will you。 4．Let’s watch the football match, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 【答案】 shall we 【详解】句意：让我们看这场足球比赛吧。以Let’s开头的祈使句，变为反意疑问句时，附加问句固定用shall we。 5．Honesty is the most important thing. (改为反义疑问句) Honesty is the most important thing, ________ ________? 【答案】 isn’t it 【详解】句意：诚实是最重要的。原句陈述部分是肯定句，be动词是is，因此疑问部分要用is的否定形式isn’t；主语Honesty是抽象不可数名词，疑问部分要用代词it指代主语。 知识点02 反意疑问句的答语 1. 反意疑问句的回答遵循一个原则，即根据事实而定。当回答事实是肯定时，用“Yes+肯定回答”；当回答事实是否定时，就用“No+否定回答”。如： ---There is a clock on the wall，isn't there ? ---Yes, there is. ---墙上挂着一个钟，不是吗? ---是的，墙上挂着一个钟。 ---Lacy doesn't study hard, does she? ---No, she doesn’t . ---露西学习不努力，是吗? ---是的，她(学习)不努力。 【注意】在“前否后肯”的反意疑问句中， 答语中的“Yes”翻译成”不”，而“No”翻译成“是的”。 典例01 1. —Your brother can’t swim, can he? —________. He swims very well. A. Yes, he can B. No, he can’t C. Yes, he can’t 【答案】A 【详解】事实是他会有用，回答时，就按照事实 即时检测 一、单项选择 1．—He’s told to join in the maths competition, ________ he? —________. He is preparing for it. A．hasn’t; No B．hasn’t; Yes C．isn’t; No D．isn’t; Yes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他被告知要参加数学竞赛，是吗？——是的。他正在为它做准备。 根据“He’s told”可知，此处“He’s”是“He is”的缩写，所以第一空应用“isn’t”；根据“He is preparing for it.”可知，他正在为数学竞赛做准备，说明他被告知要参加竞赛这件事是真的，所以第二空应用“Yes”来回答。 2．—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he? —________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital. A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆今天没来上学，是吗？——不，他没来。他得了重感冒，去医院了。 反意疑问句的回答根据实际情况而定，根据“He had a bad cold and went to the hospital.”可知，汤姆没来上学是事实，所以回答是否定的，即“No, he didn’t”，意思是“不，他没来”。 3．—You don’t think the mobile phone is expensive, do you? —________. It cost me an arm and a leg. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, it is D．No, it isn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你不觉得这部手机贵，是吗？——不，我觉得贵。它花了我一大笔钱。 英语中回答否定疑问句时，依据事实作答，事实是肯定的，用Yes，事实是否定的，用No，且助动词要与问句保持一致。由“It cost me an arm and a leg.”可知，此处应该肯定的，问句是do you，答句用Yes, I do。 4．—Your brother didn’t use to be shy, did he? —________. But now he is outgoing and likes making friends. A．Yes, he did B．Yes, he didn’t C．No, he didn’t D．No, he did 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥过去不害羞，是吗？——不，他过去害羞。但现在他外向了，喜欢交朋友。 问句是反意疑问句，英语中反意疑问句的回答规定，Yes后必须接肯定结构，No后必须接否定结构，选项B 、D 本身结构错误，直接排除。回答反意疑问句时，应根据事实情况作答，不受问句否定形式影响。根据后句“But now he is outgoing...”可知，过去是害羞的，应用“Yes, he did”回答，此处Yes 在中文语境下译为“不”。 5．— It seems almost impossible that the forest fire in the national park could be stopped, ________  it? —________, it’s not easy to stop it even with enough resources and effort. A．does; Yes B．doesn’t; Yes C．does; No D．doesn’t; No 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——国家公园的森林大火似乎几乎不可能被扑灭，是吗？——是的，即使有足够的资源和努力，扑灭它也不容易。 第一空：陈述部分主语是It，谓语动词seems是实义动词且为肯定形式，反意疑问部分应用否定形式doesn’t；第二空：回答反意疑问句需根据事实情况，答语后句表明扑灭大火不容易，即确认了火灾难以扑灭的事实，事实为肯定，故用Yes。 知识点03 特殊反意疑问句 1. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody，everyone，someone，nobody，somebody等不定代词时，反意疑问部分中的主语强调全体时用“they”；强调个体时用“he”。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they? 大家都在这儿，不是吗？ 2. 当陈述部分的主语是everything，anything，nothing，something等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语常用it。如： Something is wrong with my bike, isn’t it? 我的自行车出毛病了，是吗？ 3. 当陈述部分含有seldom，hardly，never，few，little，nowhere，nothing等否定间或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如： She can hardly speak French, can she? 她几乎不会说法语，是吗？ 4. 当陈述部分含有had better时，反意疑问部分的动词用had或had n't。如： You had better finish your homework first, hadn't you?你最好先完成你的家庭作业，好不好? 5. 当陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代问通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。当陈述句是“I’m sure/afraid, I think/suppose/imagine/believe/expect等+宾语从句”时，反意疑问部分应与从句保持一致，且注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。如； She will go to see Lily when she goes there, won't she? 当她去那儿的时候，她会去看莉莉，是不是? If you don't leave early, you will be late, won't you? 如果你不早点动身，你就会迟到。难道不是吗? 6. 当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分常用will you。如： Lend me some money，will you?借点钱给我，好吗? 【注意】Let's和Let us用法上不同，因此反意疑问句的形式也不同。Let's开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用shall we；以Let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分常用will you。如： Let's go swimming, shall we? 我们一起去游泳吧，好吗? Let us go swimming, will you? 我们一起去游泳，好吗? 典例01 1. Don’t be late again, _______? A. will you B. do you C. are you 【答案】A 【详解】祈使句一律用 will you。 即时检测 1．Nothing can stop her from chasing her dream. (改为反意疑问句) Nothing can stop her from chasing her dream, ________ ________? 【答案】 can it 【详解】句意：没有什么能阻止她追逐梦想。陈述部分有否定词nothing，因此附加疑问句需用肯定形式；情态动词can不变；nothing作主语，疑问部分主语用it。 2．Remember that you lent me your favourite book. (改为反义疑问句) Remember that you lent me your favourite book, ________ ________? 【答案】 will you 【详解】句意：记得你借给我你最喜欢的书了。句子是肯定的祈使句，改为反义疑问句时，简短疑问部分用“will you”。 3．Don’t turn left here. (改为反意疑问句) Don’t turn left here, ________ 【答案】will you? 【详解】句意：不要在这里左转。要将祈使句改为反意疑问句，否定祈使句的反意疑问部分固定用will you。故填will you? 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—He has watched the new movie, ________? —________. He told me it was very interesting and he would like to watch it again. A．has he, Yes B．didn’t he, No C．hasn’t he, Yes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他已经看过这部新电影了，是吗？——是的。他告诉我这部电影非常有趣，他想再看一遍。 反意疑问句中，陈述部分为肯定句，遵循“前肯后否”原则，疑问部分需用hasn’t he，排除A、B；根据答语后句可知他确实看过，事实是肯定的，应用Yes回答。 2．You should drink plenty of water when you have a sore throat, _________? A．should you B．shouldn’t you C．do you D．don’t you 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你喉咙痛时，你应该喝大量的水。 句子为反义疑问句，陈述部分“You should drink plenty of water when you have a sore throat”是含有情态动词“should”的肯定句，遵循“前肯后否”的原则。疑问部分需用情态动词否定形式shouldn’t，反义疑问句部分的主语仍用you，应填shouldn’t you。 3．Let us make a travel guide this afternoon, _________? A．shall we B．will you C．don’t you D．aren’t we 【答案】B 【详解】句意：让我们今天下午做一份旅行指南，好吗？ 当陈述句是以“Let us ...”开头时，这里的“us”不包括听话者，此时表示请求对方允许，反意部分要用“will you”；而当陈述句是以“Let’s ...”开头时，“s”包括说话者和听话者双方，反意部分则用“shall we” 。在本题中，句子是“Let us make a travel guide this afternoon”，属于“Let us ...”的结构，所以反意部分应该用“will you”。 4．It is never too late to learn, ________? A．is it B．isn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学习永远都不晚，是吗？ 反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。陈述部分含有否定词never，所以疑问部分要用肯定形式；原句谓语动词is，主语是it，因此附加疑问句应为is it。 5．They have never been to America, ________? A．have they B．haven’t they C．don’t they D．do they 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们从未去过美国，是吗？句子为反意疑问句，遵循“前否后肯”原则。陈述部分含有否定词never，视为否定句，疑问部分需用肯定形式；句子时态为现在完成时，助动词为have。 6．There is someone at the door, ________? A．isn’t there B．is there C．isn’t it D．is it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：门口有人，不是吗？ 陈述部分是There be句型的肯定形式，根据“前肯后否”原则，疑问部分要用否定形式；且There be句型的反意疑问句仍用there，不用it。应填入isn’t there。 7．—They haven’t read this famous novel carefully, have they? —________. They are very busy these days. A．Yes, they have B．No, they haven’t C．Yes, they haven’t D．No, they have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他们还没有仔细阅读这本著名的小说，是吗？——不，他们没有。他们这几天很忙。 反意疑问句的回答要根据事实情况，事实是肯定的用Yes，事实是否定的用No，且Yes后接肯定结构，No后接否定结构。根据后句“They are very busy these days.”可知他们没时间读书，事实是否定的，应用No, they haven’t。 8．—Lily used to write letters to her mother, ________? —Yes, but now she often sends text messages to her. A．did she B．doesn’t she C．didn’t she D．does she 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Lily过去常给她妈妈写信，不是吗？ ——是的，但现在她经常给她发短信。 本题考查反意疑问句，规则遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”：题干陈述部分“Lily used to write letters to her mother”是肯定句，因此疑问部分要用否定形式，排除选项A和D；陈述部分谓语是used to，是一般过去时，疑问部分需要用助动词didn’t构成否定，因此填didn’t she。 9．—Are you going to the picnic with us tonight? —Yes. You won’t be late, ________? A．should you B．will you C．don’t you 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你今晚要和我们一起去野餐吗？——是的。你不会迟到，对吧？ 考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分为否定形式（如won’t）时，疑问部分需用肯定形式（will you）。选项A（should you）和C（don’t you）均不符合反意疑问句的构成规则。故选B。 10．—You haven’t been to Beijing, have you? —________. How I wish to go there! A．Yes, I have B．Yes, I haven’t C．No, I have D．No, I haven’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你没有去过北京，是吗？——是的，我没去过。我多么希望去那里啊！ 考查反意疑问句的回答。根据“How I wish to go there!”可知，说话者没有去过北京，所以回答是否定的，即“No, I haven’t”，意为“是的，我没去过”。反意疑问句回答中，yes和no的翻译要根据实际情况来定，回答要与事实相符。故选D。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完成句子 1．She’s never been late for school.（补全附加问句） She’s never been late for school, ________ ________? 【答案】 has she 【详解】句意：她上学从不迟到。根据题干要求，句中有否定词never，前否后肯，该句是现在完成时，构成附加疑问句，需要将has放到主语前，主语she保持不变。 2．The students watched a wonderful magic show yesterday. (改为反意疑问句) The students watched a wonderful magic show yesterday, ________ ________? 【答案】 didn’t they 【详解】句意：学生们昨天看了一场精彩的魔术表演。原句是肯定陈述句，因此反意疑问句部分用否定形式，原句为一般过去时，变反意疑问句需借助助动词did，否定形式为didn’t，原句主语是The students(复数名词)，反意疑问句部分需用对应的复数人称代词they替代。 3．Trains had to slow down in many areas. (改为反意疑问句) Trains had to slow down in many areas, ________? 【答案】didn’t they 【详解】句意：火车在许多地区不得不减速。原句为肯定陈述句，且谓语动词“had to”是情态动词的过去式，反意疑问句的附加部分需用“didn’t + 主语”。主语“Trains”为复数，用they代替。 4．She has brought many flowers to the party. (改为反义疑问句) She has brought many flowers to the party, _______ _______? 【答案】 hasn’t she 【详解】句意：她给聚会带来了许多花。反义疑问句遵循前肯后否的规则，原句是现在完成时的肯定句，句中has是构成现在完成时的助动词，反义疑问部分要用否定形式hasn’t，主语保持she不变。 5．These shoes don’t match your outfit. (改为反意疑问句) ___________________________________ 【答案】These shoes don’t match your outfit, do they? 【详解】句意：这双鞋和你的衣服不搭。原句为否定句，改为反意疑问句时遵循“前否后肯”的原则，且句中含有助动词don’t，反意疑问部分用do，主语these shoes用代词they代替。故填These shoes don’t match your outfit, do they? 6．Lisa made few mistakes in the monthly exam. (改为反意疑问句) Lisa made few mistakes in the monthly exam, _______ _______? 【答案】 did she 【详解】句意：Lisa在月考中几乎没有犯错。改为反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”原则。原句含有表示否定意义的词“few”，故前半句视为否定，后半句应用肯定形式。谓语动词“made”为一般过去时实义动词，故附加疑问部分用“did”，主语用代词“she”。故填did；she。 7．She has never been to Japan.  (改为反意疑问句) She has never been to Japan, ________ ________? 【答案】 has she 【详解】句意：她从未去过日本。句中出现了“never”这个否定词，所以前半句是否定句。根据反意疑问句“前否后肯、前肯后否”的规则，后半句要用肯定形式。原句的时态是现在完成时，助动词是“has”，主语是“she”，所以反意疑问部分就是：has she。故填has；she。 8．She used to be shy. (改为反意疑问句) → She used to be shy, ________ ________? 【答案】 didn’t/usedn’t she 【详解】句意：她过去很害羞。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，前句是肯定句，反意疑问句用否定形式；“used to”的反意疑问句有两种构成方式，一种是借助助动词“didn’t”，另一种是用“usedn’t”，主语是“she”。故填didn’t/usedn’t；she。 9．They will come to the party, ________ ________? 【答案】 won’t they 【详解】句意：他们会来参加聚会，需后加反意疑问句，根据此句的“They will come to the party”的时态为一般将来时，是陈述句的肯定句，因此后加反意疑问句需跟前面的肯定句相反，需加反意疑问句的否定，结构是“will+not+原句的主语”，此句的主语是“they”，“will not”的缩写是“won’t”。故填won’t；they。 10．You knew when your friend needed help the most. (改为反义疑问句) You knew when your friend needed help the most, ________? 【答案】didn’t you 【详解】句意：你知道你的朋友最需要帮助的时候。陈述部分为肯定句，谓语动词knew是实义动词的过去式，主语是You，因此反意疑问部分用否定形式didn’t you。故填didn’t you。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he 1 (ask) why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old. “I was trying to get a bottle 2 milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling(溢出) the milk all over the floor—a sea of milk! I was frightened and I didn’t know what to do!” he said. His mother 3 (hear) the noise and got into the kitchen. “I am considering how to explain all this to you, mom.” he said. Instead of 4 (punish) him, she said, “Robert, what a great mess you have made! I 5 (not see) such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like 6 (play) in the milk for a while? We will clean it up after that.” Then, he did so. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you 7 (make) a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.” He used a sponge(海绵) and together they cleaned up the spilled milk. His mother then said, “You know, we failed in how to 8 (success) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see 9 you can discover a way to carry it.” Then the little boy learned that if he grasped(抓紧) the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. 10 a wonderful lesson! 【答案】 1．was asked 2．of 3．heard 4．punishing 5．haven’t seen 6．to play 7．make 8．successfully 9．if 10．What 【导语】本文讲述了一位聪明的母亲教育孩子的故事。孩子把牛奶倒在地上后，妈妈没有惩罚，而是让他在牛奶里玩耍，玩够后教育他“弄脏了，就要清扫”。然后到院子里教他如何抓紧瓶子。最后这个孩子成了一位有着伟大成就的科学家。 1．句意：当问到他为什么能够这样做时。根据“When he…why he was able to do this”可知主语he与所给动词ask“问”之间应是被动关系，故要用被动语态，由was可知应是一般过去时，故要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was asked。 2．句意：我正试图从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶，结果瓶子掉了下来，牛奶溅了一地——一片牛奶的海洋！根据“I was trying to get a bottle…milk from the fridge”可知此处应是a bottle of milk“一瓶牛奶”，故填of。 3．句意：他妈妈听到了噪音，进到了厨房。根据“His mother…the noise and got into the kitchen”可知此处and连接两个并列成分，and后的got into是过去式，故空格处也应填所给词hear“听见”的过去式heard，故填heard。 4．句意：她说“罗伯特，你弄得这么脏！……”而不是惩罚他。根据“Instead of…him”可知of是介词，后面要加动名词形式，故要用所给词punish“惩罚”的动名词形式punishing，故填punishing。 5．句意：以前我没有见过如此巨大的牛奶的海洋！根据“I…such a huge sea of milk before!”可知此处表示以前未发生过的动作，强调过去对现在的影响，用现在完成时态，故填haven’t seen。 6．句意：好吧，既然牛奶已经洒了，你想在牛奶里玩一会儿吗？根据“would you like…in the milk for a while?”可知此处应是would like to do“想要做某事”，故填to play。 7．句意：罗伯特，你知道，无论何时你弄得这样脏，最后你必须把它弄干净。根据“whenever you…a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.”可知此处应是表示通常的状态，用一般现在时，主语为you，故动词要用动词原形。故填make。 8．句意：你知道，我们刚才没能用两只小手成功地拿着一个大奶瓶。根据“we failed in how to…carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now.”可知此处应填副词来修饰动词carry。所给词success“成功”，名词，其副词为successfully“成功地”，故填successfully。 9．句意：我们到院子里去，把这个瓶子装满水，看你是否可以发现一种拿住这个瓶子的方法。根据“Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle with water to see…you can discover a way to carry it.”可知此处应是宾语从句，去看的应是是否能找到方法，故要用if“是否”来引导宾语从句，故填if。 10．句意：多么好的一堂课啊！根据“…a wonderful lesson!”可知是感叹句，且中心词lesson是名词，故要用waht引导，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 二、语法选择 Where was that cashier? Impatiently, I looked at my watch. I hardly had enough time to get a sandwich and rush back to work. I looked around the nearly empty 1 , but the cashier was nowhere. A cleaning lady was there, wiping the counter. She looked at me 2 with sad and dark eyes. I had been standing there for at least three minutes, and I was getting angry. Just then, I remembered Mom’s words: “ 3 you find yourself in an unpleasant situation, just think about what is missing. If someone is impatient, then patience is missing. If someone is afraid, then bravery is missing. If we become what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs.” And in such a situation, what was missing was 4 . Maybe I should just 5 the counter and take my own order. At that moment, the lady walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked. Looking at me again with these eyes that seemed too tired to care. 6 I was very impatient, with Mom’s words in mind, I forced a smile and gave her my order. Then I asked gently, “How are you doing today?” My question seemed to 7 her. Her eyes lit up as if no one had ever asked her such a question. She sighed (叹气), “Not too good.” “I’m sorry,” I said softly. “I hope it gets better starting right now.” She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.” As I ate my sandwich, I thought to myself: We’re all the same, really. We all have problems, we get tired, we feel hurt… What we need most is to be 8 to each other. After finishing the quick meal, I wiped the table cleaner than usual and put the tray back nicely on the stand. The lady looked at me for the 9 time, but this time with a big smile on her face. “Be what’s missing.” It really 10 . Sometimes all we need is to give a little kindness to make things right. In every silence, there waits a chance to be what’s missing. 1．A．street B．school C．bank D．restaurant 2．A．coldly B．kindly C．nervously D．carefully 3．A．Whatever B．However C．Whenever D．Whoever 4．A．communication B．trust C．service D．advice 5．A．jump on B．jump off C．jump behind D．jump around 6．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Until 7．A．hurt B．surprise C．trouble D．encourage 8．A．angrier B．wiser C．nicer D．stricter 9．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 10．A．worked B．noted C．ended D．repeated 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公在餐厅因收银员不在而感到不耐烦，后受母亲话语启发，选择耐心且友善地对待清洁女工，最终领悟到人们需彼此善待，倡导主动提供缺失的善意。 1．句意：我环顾了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，但收银员却不见了。 street街道；school学校；bank银行；restaurant餐馆。根据上文“I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work.”可推断出作者需要出来吃点东西，应是环顾餐厅。故选D。 2．句意：她冷冷地看着我，眼睛里透着忧伤和黑暗。 coldly冷淡地；kindly善良地；nervously紧张地；carefully小心地。根据“sad and dark eyes”可知，清洁工是冷淡的。故选A。 3．句意：每当你发现自己处于不愉快的境地时，想想你失去了什么。 Whatever无论什么；However然而；Whenever无论何时；Whoever无论谁。根据“you find yourself in an unpleasant situation”可知，无论什么时候发现自己处于不愉快的境地。故选C。 4．句意：在这种情况下，缺少的是服务。 communication交流；trust信任；service服务；advice建议。根据空后“Maybe I should just ... the counter and take my own order.”可知，也许我应该去柜台自己点餐，说明缺失的是服务。故选C。 5．句意：也许我应该跳到柜台后面自己点餐。 jump on跳上；jump off跳下；jump behind跳到后面；jump around跳来跳去。根据“the counter and take my own order”可知，自己到柜台后面操作。故选C。 6．句意：虽然我很不耐烦，但记住了妈妈的话，我勉强笑了笑，点了菜。 Unless除非；Although虽然；If如果；Until直到。根据“... I was very impatient, with Mom’s words in mind, I forced a smile and gave her my order.”可知，尽管我很不耐烦，但还是努力礼貌对待。故选B。 7．句意：我的问题似乎使她大吃一惊。 hurt伤害；surprise惊讶；trouble麻烦；encourage鼓励。根据“Her eyes lit up as if no one had ever asked her such a question.”可知，好像从来没有人问过她这样的问题，说明是惊讶的。故选B。 8．句意：我们最需要的是更加善待彼此。 angrier更生气的；wiser更明智的；nicer更友善的；stricter更严格的。根据前文的故事和后文“Sometimes all we need is to give a little kindness to make things right.”可知强调要对他人友善。故选C。 9．句意：那位女士第四次看了我一眼，但这次她脸上带着灿烂的笑容。 first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据前文“She looked at me ... with sad and dark eyes.”、“Looking at me again with these eyes that seemed too tired to care”和“She almost smiled as she looked at me”可知，前面已经看了作者三次，这里是第四次。故选D。 10．句意：“成为缺失的东西。”这真的很有效。 worked凑效；noted记录；ended结束；repeated重复。根据“but this time with a big smile on her face”可推知作者以善良应对冷漠，最终奏效了。故选A。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $