内容正文:
专题02 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法
Unit 3 The world at one click
重点单词及变形
live v. 生活;居住 adj. 活的;现场演出的 → lively adj. 生动的;活泼的 → living adj. 活的;活着的 → alive adj. 活着;在世;有活力
true adj. 符合事实的;真的;真实的 → truly adv. 真正地;确实地 → truth n. 真理;真相;事实;真实性;正确性
night n. 夜晚 → overnight adv. 一夜之间;在夜间 → nightlife n. 夜生活
excite v. 使激动;使兴奋 → exciting adj. 使人兴奋的;令人激动的 → excited adj. 激动的;兴奋的 → excitement n. 激动;兴奋
Italy n. 意大利 → Italian n. 意大利人;意大利语 adj. 意大利的;意大利人的;意大利语的
train v. 训练;培训 → training n. 训练;培训
report n. 报告;汇报;报道 v. 报告;汇报 → reporter n. 记者
prove v. 证明;证实;显示是 → proof n. 证据
communicate v. 交流;沟通;传达 → communication n. 交流;交际;通信;传达
close v. 关;闭合;合上;结束 adj. 近的;亲密的 adv. 接近;靠近;紧密地 → closely adv. 靠近地;细致地
complete v. 完成;结束;使完整 adj. 完成的;完整的;彻底的 → completely adv. 彻底地;完全地;完整地;全部地
introduce v. 介绍;引见 → introduction n. 介绍;简介;序言;采用
France n. 法国 → French adj. 法语的;法国的;法国人的 n. 法语 → Frenchman n. 法国人
tour n. 旅行;旅游 v. (在…)旅游,(在…)巡回演出(或做宣传广告等)→ tourist n. 游客;旅游者 → tourism n. 旅游业;观光业
crowd n. 人群;观众 v. 拥挤;挤满 → crowded adj. 人多的;拥挤的;挤满的 必背短语
1 / 14
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
second to none 无人能及
as for 至于
no doubt 毫无疑问
a bit of everything 什么都有一点
count down 倒数
sign up 报名
instead of 代替
zoom in 放大
be/get close to 靠近
whether...or not无论...与否
get a real taste of 体验
make some time to 抽出时间做
take in 吸收,理解,领略
there is no doubt 毫无疑问
Be well known for 因为...而有名
completely free 完全免费
see your point 明白
depend on 依靠,取决于
and so on 等等
in person 私人
have so much to see 有很多可看
a window into the past 通往过去的窗户
in cash 用现金
Compare with和...比较
2 / 14
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
用法精萃
1. enable sb to do 使某人做某事
2.without doing没有做...
3. mind sb doing介意某人做
4.be popular with/among在...中流行
5.there be sb/sth doing有人、物正在做
6.be convenient to do做某事方便
7.the number of(谓单)...的数量(is)
8.a number of (谓复)许多(are)
9.a few+可数名词复数 几个,一些
10.a slice of一片,一点
11.watch sb do看某人做(整个过程)
12.got very interested 非常有兴趣
13.decide to do决定做某谁
14.lie in位于(两地互属)
15.lie to位于(两地不接壤)
16.lie on位于(两地接壤)
17.be easy to do容易做
18.feel like doing想要做
19.completely free完全免费
20.have so much to see有很多值得看
22.watch the fish closely近距离观赏鱼
23. the moving water流水
24. will be able to将可能
3 / 14
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
重点句型
1. ----The internet enables us to learn about the outside world without leaving home.
----互联网让我们足不出户就能了解外界世界。
2. ----There are even online tour guides telling you all about them.
----甚至还有在线导游会为你详细介绍它们。
3. ----As the birthplace of the famous pop band,the Beatles,the city has always had a special place in British music history.
----作为著名流行乐队披头士的诞生地,这座城市在英国音乐史上始终占据着特殊地位。
4. ----A trip to Anfield Stadium will be a visit to remember,whether you are a football fan or not.
----无论你是否是足球迷,前往安菲尔德球场的旅程都将成为一段难忘的回忆。
5. ----So make some time to visit a few of them and take in a slice of Liverpool's culture.
----不妨抽空去几处景点看看,感受利物浦的独特文化魅力。
6. ----Home to about nine million citizens and hundreds of different languages,NewYork is truly the biggest city in the USA.
----纽约拥有约九百万居民和数百种不同语言,堪称美国最大的城市。
7. ----From famous buildings and bridges to museums and theatres to malls and restaurants,there is no doubt this city has a bit of everything.
----从著名建筑与桥梁,到博物馆、剧院、购物中心和餐厅,这座城市的设施可谓应有尽有。
8. ----It is fun counting down to midnight and watching the huge glass ball falling from the sky!
----倒数到午夜时分特别有趣,还能看着巨大的玻璃球从天而降!
9. ----A trip to New York would not be complete without a walk through Central Park.
----若不漫步中央公园,纽约之旅便不算完整。
10. ----On New Year's Eve,many locals and tourists come to the London Eye to count down to the new year while they watch the fireworks show.
----除夕夜,众多本地居民和游客齐聚伦敦眼摩天轮,一边欣赏烟花表演,一边倒数迎接新年。
11. This area has been the home of London's biggest and most famous theatres for more than 350 years.
350多年来,这里一直是伦敦规模最大、最负盛名的剧院所在地。
12. ----Dad explored different tourist attractions online to plan our family trip to China.
----爸爸上网查了各种旅游景点,为咱们全家去中国旅行做准备。
13. ----Thanks to the internet,Dad was able to plan our trip easily.
----多亏了互联网,爸爸才能轻松规划我们的旅行
14. ----It shares the treasures of the Mogao Caves with people around the world through the internet.
----它通过互联网与全球民众共享莫高窟的瑰宝。
15. ----They are not only art treasures from ancient China but also an important proof of the communication between different cultures along the ancient Silk Road.
----它们不仅是古代中国的艺术瑰宝,更是古代丝绸之路沿线不同文化交流的重要见证。
16. ----Now it provides lots of information about almost 300 caves,including some high-quality 3D images and video tours.
----如今该平台提供了近300个洞穴的详尽信息,包含多组高清3D图像及视频导览。
17. ----why walk if you can travel and be comfortable in your chair?
----既然能坐着旅行又舒适自在,何必走路呢?
18. ----It is well known for its rich collection of classical paintings and sculptures.
----该地以丰富的古典绘画与雕塑收藏而闻名于世。
18.----I could zoom in on the artwork to see every detail.
----我可以放大查看艺术品的每个细节。
语法梳理
4 / 14
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
语法点01 lively.alive.living.live
简单来说,live、alive、living 都含“活的”之意,但用法和侧重点不同;而 lively 则完全脱离了“生死”范畴,专指“活泼、生动”。
核心区别速查表
单词
词性
核心含义
关键用法
典型例句
live
adj. / v.
活的(多指动物);现场直播的
作形容词时通常前置(a live show);不修饰人
The cat was playing with a live mouse.(活老鼠)
alive
adj.
活着的(与dead相对),有活力的
多作表语(be alive);作定语时必须后置
Is the old man still alive? (还活着)
living
adj. / n.
活着的,现存的;生计
最通用,可前置/表语;指“活着的人”用 the living
living things (生物);make a living (谋生)
lively
adj.
活泼的,生动的,热烈的
形容人、气氛、课堂等,无“活着”的意思
She is a lively child. (活泼的孩子)
深度解析与易错点
1. live:强调“有生命”或“实时”
读音:作形容词时读 /laɪv/,作动词(居住)时读 /lɪv/。
用法:作形容词时,通常只修饰物(特别是动物),且必须放在名词前。一般不用来直接修饰人(不能说 a live man)。
特殊义:在媒体语境下,指“现场直播的”、“实况的”。
They are broadcasting live from the concert. (现场直播)
Be careful, it's a live wire. (带电的)
2. alive:强调“状态”与“幸存”
用法:这是表语形容词,绝大多数时候跟在系动词(be, seem, stay)后面。如果想把它放在名词前修饰,必须后置。
He is the greatest poet alive. (在世的最伟大诗人)
The soldier was found alive three days later. (被活着找到)
搭配:常用 come alive(活跃起来)、keep alive(维持生命)。
3. living:强调“现存”与“健在”
用法:最中性的“活着的”一词,可作定语(a living creature)或表语(He is still living)。在比喻“活生生的”时,只能用 living。
He is the living image of his father. (活脱脱像他父亲)
All living things need water. (所有生物)
名词:作名词时意为“生计”(make a living)。
4. lively:完全不同的“活力”
注意:这个词没有“活着的”意思,它专指“精力充沛的”、“生动的”。
The party was very lively. (派对气氛很热烈)
She has a lively mind. (思维活跃)
语法点02 whether&if
1. 两者皆可用的情况:引导宾语从句,表示“是否”
这是 if 最主要的“是否”,此时两者常可互换,但 whether 更正式。
I don’t know if / whether she will accept the offer.
(我不知道她是否会接受这个提议。)
2. 只能用 whether 的情况 :以下情况,if 无法替代 whether:
在主语、表语或同位语从句开头:
Whether we can win is still uncertain.(主语从句)
My concern is whether the plan is feasible.(表语从句)
The question whether we should proceed was debated.(同位语从句)
在介词之后:
We argued about whether it was a good idea.
后接动词不定式:
She is considering whether to buy a new car.
与 “or not” 直接连用:
You must decide whether or not to attend.(必须决定是否参加。)
(可以说 “if ... or not”,但不能说 “if or not”)
强调两种选择时(尤其与 “or” 连用):
Let me know whether you want coffee or tea.(明确咖啡或茶二选一)
(用 “if” 可能削弱这种明确的二选一感。)
3. 可能产生歧义时,用 whether 更清晰
if 既可以表示“是否”,也可以表示“如果”。在个别句子中可能产生歧义,此时用 whether 可避免误解。
歧义句:Please tell me ifyou are interested.
理解1:请告诉我,你是否感兴趣。(宾语从句)
理解2:如果你感兴趣,请告诉我。(条件状语从句)
无歧义句:Please tell me whether you are interested.
(只能理解为:请告诉我你是否感兴趣。)
语法点03 现在完成时和一般过去时
对比维度
现在完成时 (Present Perfect)
一般过去时 (Simple Past)
核心概念
强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或动作持续到现在。
仅陈述过去某一具体时间发生的动作或状态,与现在无直接关联。
时间焦点
现在。回答的是“现在怎么样?”(如:结果、经验、持续状态)。
过去。回答的是“过去什么时候做了什么?”。
时间状语
模糊/不确切的过去时间:ever, never, just, already, yet, before, recently, so far, in the last/past year, for + 时间段, since + 时间点。
具体/确切的过去时间:yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago, when I was a child, at 5 o‘clock。
谓语结构
have/has + 过去分词
动词过去式 (规则/不规则)
与现在的联系
有直接联系。动作的结果、影响或状态持续至今。
无直接联系。动作已在过去完全结束。
详细用法与例句对比
1. 现在完成时的三大核心用法
① 已完成用法 (动作已结束,但结果/影响现在仍在)
I have lost my keys. (我丢了钥匙。)
对现在的影响:我现在没钥匙,进不了门。
She has finished her homework. (她完成了作业。)
对现在的影响:她现在可以自由活动了。
② 未完成用法 (动作从过去开始,持续到现在,并可能继续)
I have lived here for ten years. (我在这里住了十年了。)
持续状态:我从十年前开始住在这里,现在仍然住在这里。
He has been a teacher since 2015. (他从2015年起就是老师。)
持续状态:从2015年到现在,他一直是老师。
③ 经历用法 (过去某段时间内的经历,强调“有没有过”)
Have you ever been to Japan? (你去过日本吗?)
询问人生经历,不关心具体时间。
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. (我从未见过如此美丽的日落。)
强调“至今没有”的经历。
2. 一般过去时的核心用法
陈述在过去某个具体时间点或时间段发生并已结束的动作。
I lostmy keys yesterday. (我昨天丢了钥匙。)
只陈述昨天发生的事,不关心现在是否找到。
I lived in Beijing for three years. (我在北京住了三年。)
陈述过去的经历,现在已经不住在北京了。
Did you go to Japan last year? (你去年去日本了吗?)
询问发生在去年这个具体时间的动作。
黄金法则
黄金法则:看到具体过去时间状语(yesterday, in 1999, ... ago),一定用一般过去时。看到与现在相关的时间状语(just, already, for 2 years, since...),优先考虑现在完成时。
单元写作
一、单元写作任务:本单元的话题“线上旅行”。要求在网上找一个景点,然后写出自己的“旅行”过程和体验写作时,人称第一人称,时态一般现在时。
谋篇布局
开头
线上旅行的地点
中间
所在地区,有哪些景点(注意介绍顺序)
结尾
写出自己线上旅行的感受
二、写作通用表达
The other day,I visited...
On the website,I can...
I can tour ...and see..
.….is a must!
…is an easy way to...
To complete the tour,I.
This online tour is really …
It was a wonderful/fantastic experience to...
3、 范文背诵
My Online Tour of the British Museum
Last week, in our history class, we learned about ancient civilizations. My teacher suggested we visit the British Museum online, so I decided to take an online tour.
The British Museum is located in London, UK. It was founded in 1753 and is one of the oldest and largest museums in the world. It is famous for its huge collection of art and cultural objects from different countries and times.
During my online tour, I “walked” through several galleries. I saw the famous Rosetta Stone from ancient Egypt and even zoomed in to read the words on it. I also saw some sculptures from Greece. The website provided clear pictures and simple introductions, which helped me understand the history behind these treasures.
I think online travel is a fantastic way to learn. I didn’t need a plane ticket or to wait in long queues. I could explore the museum at my own pace, and it was completely free. It made me feel like I was really walking through the halls of the museum. It was an exciting and convenient experience that I will never forget.
Unit 4 A good read
重点单词变形
stomach n. 胃 → stomachache 胃疼
who pron. 谁 → whom pron. 谁什么人 (宾格) → whose pron. 谁的 → whoever pron. 无论谁;不管什么人
discuss v. 讨论;谈论;商量 → discussion n. 讨论;议论
certain adj. 确定的;必然的;特定的;一些 pron. 某些人或事物 → certainly adv. 肯定;无疑;当然;行
advice n. 建议;意见;忠告;劝告 → advise v. 建议;忠告;劝告;提出建议
clear adj. 了解清楚的;清澈的;晴朗的 v. 清除;使明白;批准 → clearly adv. 清晰地;明显地;确实地;清楚地,明白地
time n. 时间;次数 → timetable n. 时间安排;时刻表
end n.&v. 结束 → ending n. 结尾;结局 → endless adj. 无数的,无限的
rule n. 规则;规章 → ruler n. 尺子;统治者
library n. 图书馆 → librarian n. 图书馆管理员;图书馆馆长
copy n. 一本,(份,册); 复制品 → copyright n. 版权,著作权
especial adj. 特别的 → especially adv. 尤其;特别;格外
publish v. 出版;发行;发表;公布 → publisher n. 出版人;出版商;出版社
difficult adj. 困难的;艰难的 → difficulty n. 困难;难题
agree v. 同意;赞成;应允 → agreement n. 同意;一致;协议 → agreeable adj. 令人愉快的;同意的;一致的 → disagree v. 不同意;持不同意见;有分歧 → disagreement n. 意见不和;分歧;争论
with prep. 具有;与… 一起;用…; 带着;随着 → within prep. 在… 范围之内 → without prep. 没有;不做某事
describe v. 描述;形容;描绘 → description n. 描述;描写;说明 → descriptive adj. 描述性的;描写的;叙述的
重点短语
9 / 14
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. be tired out 累极了
2. fall over 摔倒
3.break free 设法逃脱,努力挣脱
4.right away 立即,马上
5.hand in 提交,呈交,上交
6. at a time 每次
7. excuse me 劳驾,请原谅
8. have difficulty (in)doingsth做某事有困难
9.first of all 第一,首先
10.check out(从图书馆等)借出
11.make up 编造,编辑
12. crash into撞上
13.pull out 拖出
14.discuss with和...讨论
15.make a summary of做...总结
16.in summary 总而言之
17.as far as I could 尽可能快的
18.By the time到...为止
19.fall down掉下
20.fall asleep睡着
21.be tied to被捆在
22.look down 向下看,看不起
23.Run away from从...逃脱
24.make a mind map做一个思维导图
25.Be happy with对...满意
26.put up 举起,张贴,搭建
27.be good with 擅长
28.give away 分发,泄露
29.Focus on集中
30.Translate into翻译成
31.Say no to 拒绝
用法精萃
1. by doing通过做某事
2. ten thousand 一万(具体数字+单数)
3.thousands of 成千上万(有of+s)
4.ten thousand of ...中的一万
5.anything good 任何好的东西
6.be unwilling to do不愿意做
7.continue to do/doing继续做某事
8.an army of一群
9.advise sb to do建议某人做
10.advise doing建议做
11.keep doing坚持做
12.too ...to...太...而不能
13.sth happens to sb发生某事
14.say who to talk to about this book说说和谁谈论这本书
15.get sth done使某事被做
16.do harm to对...有害
17.pirated books盗版书
18.plenty of 许多
重点句型
1. — —Reading ten thousand books is like travelling ten thousand miles
——读万卷书,行万里路。
2.——By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out
——当我终于感受到脚下大地的重量时,早已疲惫不堪。
2. —It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
——它向上移动,越过我的腹部和颈部,直至靠近我的面部。
4.——I tried to pull one hand out of the rope and finally managed to break free.
——我试图从绳索中抽出一只手,最终成功挣脱。
5.——I stood up and ran along the beach towards a forest as fast as I could.
——我立刻起身,沿着海滩飞奔向森林,速度快得惊人。
6. — —Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.
— —丹尼尔没说该找谁讨论这本书。
7.You can decide how many books to take with you.
— —你可以自行决定带多少本书。
8.— —The students asked their teacher when to hand in their book reviews
— —学生们问老师什么时候交书评.
9.— —It isn't always easy to know which book to choose,but I'm happy with your choices.
— —选书可不是件容易的事,不过你选的这些书,我挺满意的。
10.— —I'll put up a timetable on my office door so you know when to speak to me.
— —我会在办公室门上贴个时间表,方便您知道何时联系我。
11.I have to give a short summary of the book,but I mustn't give away the ending.
— —我得简单说说这本书,但不能剧透结局
12.— —First of all,you must remember that books in the library are for everyone,so please make sure you take care of them.
— —首先,你要记住图书馆的书是供所有人使用的,所以请务必好好爱护它们。
语法精讲
语法点01 特殊疑问词+to do
a. Adjective + question word + to-infinitive 形容词 + 疑问词 + 不定式
含义:这种结构通常用来表达某种情感、态度或评价,意思是“做某事是……的”。
常见搭配的形容词:
描述情绪/感受:happy, sad, glad, sorry, surprised, scared, frightened, afraid
描述难易度:easy, difficult, hard, impossible
描述性质:important, necessary, strange
例句:
I‘m not sure how to use this app.(我不清楚怎么用这个软件。)
She was surprised what to see there.(她很惊讶在那里看到了什么。)
It is difficult how to finish the work in time.(如何按时完成这项工作很难。)
I‘m worried where to find him.(我很担心去哪里找他。)
b. Verb + object + question word + to-infinitive 动词 + 宾语 + 疑问词 + 不定式
含义:这是“动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”的结构。这里的动词通常是使役动词(如 tell, show, teach, ask, advise)或感官动词(如 see, hear, watch)。
核心逻辑:主语让/教/告诉宾语(人)去做某事(关于疑问词的事)。
例句:
Can you tell me how to get to the station?(你能告诉我怎么去车站吗?)
My mother taught me how to cook.
The teacher showed us what to write.
Please ask your father where to park the car.
c. Verb + question word + to-infinitive 动词 + 疑问词 + 不定式
含义:这是最常见的动宾结构。这里的动词通常是表示“说、知道、想知道、决定、学习、思考”等意义的动词。
常见搭配的动词:know, wonder, ask, decide, learn, explain, show, say, forget, remember, understand
例句:
I don‘t know what to do next.(我不知道接下来做什么。)
He wondered if/whether to go or stay.(他在想是走还是留。)
Please tell me when to start.
We need to find out how to solve this problem.
d. Verb + question word + noun + to-infinitive 动词 + 疑问词 + 名词 + 不定式
含义:这种结构与 c 类似,但它多了一个名词。这个名词通常是前面动词的宾语,或者是表示“方式、方向”的词(如 way, road)。核心逻辑:疑问词修饰后面的名词,或者这个名词是动作的对象。
例句:
I don‘t know the way how to get there.(我不知道怎么去那里的路。)—— 虽然语法上常说 the way to get,但加上 how 强调疑问。
We discussed the best way to finish the task.(我们讨论了完成任务的最佳方式。)
She asked me the right time to leave.(她问我正确的离开时间。)
Let‘s decide the place where to meet.(让我们决定见面的地点。)
总结与注意事项:
疑问词的选择:
What: 通常指事情、物体(do, eat, see, buy)。
How: 通常指方式、方法(do, get, use)。
Where: 指地点(go, find, put)。
When: 指时间(start, come, leave)。
Who/Whom: 指人(ask, tell, talk to)。
Which: 指特定范围内的选择(choose, take)。
常见的固定句型:
疑问词 + to do 经常可以替换 宾语从句。
I don‘t know what I should do. = I don‘t know what to do.
He asked me where he could go. = He asked me where to go.
不能单独作谓语:
“疑问词 + to do” 结构在句子中不能做独立的谓语动词,它通常作为宾语、主语、表语等成分存在。
介词的处理:
如果疑问词是 where, when等,不需要加介词。
如果是 how, what, who等,有时需要注意介词的位置。例如:Can you tell me how to do it?(不能说 how to do,因为 do 是及物动词,需要宾语 it)。
语法点02 must,have to的用法和区别详解
核心区别速览
对比维度
must
have to
核心情态
表示说话人主观认为的“必须”(义务、命令、强烈建议)。
表示外部客观情况要求的“必须”(规定、需要、不得已)。
来源/语气
主观性强,来自说话者的权威、决心或信念。
客观性强,来自规则、法律、情况或他人要求。
时态形式
只有现在时(must)。过去时/将来时需用 had to / will have to。
有多种时态(have to, has to, had to, will have to)。
否定形式
must not / mustn't:表示“禁止”、“绝对不可以”。语气很强。
do not have to / don't have to:表示“不必”、“不需要”。没有强制义务。
疑问形式
Must I/we...?(我/我们必须……吗?)
Do I/we have to...?(我/我们必须……吗?)
强调程度
在表示“必须”时,must的语气通常比 have to更强烈、更正式。
在表示“必须”时,语气相对中性、口语化。
详细用法与例句
1. 表示“必须”时,主观 vs. 客观
这是两者最核心的区别。
must (主观义务)
来源:说话者本人的命令、决心、或基于个人信念认为有必要。
You must finish your homework before watching TV. (我作为家长/说话者要求你。)
I must exercise more to stay healthy. (我主观认为有必要。)
We must respect our elders. (这是我信奉的道德准则。)
have to (客观需要)
来源:外部规则、法律、情况或逻辑使然。
You have to wear a seatbelt. It's the law. (法律规定。)
She has to work on weekends because her boss said so. (老板的要求。)
I have togo now, or I'll miss the last bus. (客观情况所迫,错过公交的后果。)
一个经典对比场景:
A: I must lose weight. (我下定决心要减肥。)
B: Why?
A: Because my doctor says I have to. (医生说我必须减,这是外部专业指令。)
2. 否定形式的巨大差异
这是最容易出错的地方,两者意思完全相反。
must not / mustn't (禁止,不准)
You must not smoke here. (这里禁止吸烟。)
You mustn't tell anyone this secret. (你绝不能告诉任何人这个秘密。)
do not have to / don't have to (不必,不需要)
You don't have to wear a suit, but you can if you want. (你不必穿西装,但想穿也可以。)
Tomorrow is a holiday, so I don't have to get up early. (明天放假,所以我不需要早起。)
简单记忆:mustn't≈ 禁止;don't have to≈ 没必要。
3. 时态形式的差异
must 本身没有过去式和将来式。要表达过去的“必须”,只能用 had to;表达将来的“必须”,用 will have to。
Yesterday I had to finish a report. (昨天我必须完成一份报告。)
We will have to make a decision soon. (我们很快就得做出决定了。)
have to 有完整的时态变化,可以用于任何时态。
Present: He has to go.
Past: He had to go.
Future: He will have to go.
4. 在疑问句中的使用
两者都可以构成疑问句,但结构和常见程度不同。
Must...? 通常用于询问对方的意志或命令,有时显得比较正式或强硬。
Must I clean the room now? (语气:是你要求我现在必须打扫吗?)
Do...have to...? 更常用,用于询问客观规定或必要。
Do I have to clean the room now? (语气:根据规定/计划,我需要现在打扫吗?)
单元写作
一、单元写作任务:本单元的话题是“推荐一本好书”。写作时,人称第一人称;时态一般现在时。
谋篇布局
开头
读了什么书,作者,文章体裁
中间
为什么推荐,令你印象深刻的描写或者场景
结尾
写自己感想
二、写作通用表达
This book is about/describes... He/She is...
I really enjoy this book because .. I love the character(s).best.
He/She/They is/are...,though ... The story tells us to...
三、范文背诵
A Book I Recommend
Today, I would like to recommend a wonderful book to you. Its name is "Wonder", and it was written by an American writer named R. J. Palacio.
This book tells the story of a ten-year-old boy named August Pullman. Auggie was born with a facial difference, and he has been homeschooled all his life. The book is about his first year at a real school. It describes the challenges he faces, the friends he makes, and how he changes the people around him with his courage and kindness.
I think this is a great book for two main reasons. First, the story is very touching and teaches us an important lesson: we should never judge people by their looks. Real beauty comes from the inside. Second, the book is written from the different perspectives of several characters. This helps us understand everyone's feelings and thoughts, which makes the story even more interesting.
After reading "Wonder", I learned to be more understanding and kinder to others. It made me think about how my words and actions can affect people. This book is not just for children; even adults can learn a lot from it.
I highly recommend "Wonder" to everyone. It is a book that will stay in your heart long after you finish reading it. I believe it will make you laugh, cry, and, most importantly, think. Why not give it a try? You won't be disappointed.
$专题02 Units 3~4 单词短语句型语法
Unit 3 The world at one click
重点单词及变形
live v. 生活;居住 adj. 活的;现场演出的 → __________adj. 生动的;活泼的 → __________ adj. 活的;活着的 → alive adj. 活着;在世;有活力
true adj. 符合事实的;真的;真实的 →__________a adv. 真正地;确实地 → __________a n. 真理;真相;事实;真实性;正确性
night n. 夜晚 → __________aadv. 一夜之间;在夜间 → __________a n. 夜生活
excite v. 使激动;使兴奋 → __________a adj. 使人兴奋的;令人激动的 → __________ adj. 激动的;兴奋的 → __________a n. 激动;兴奋
Italy n. 意大利 → __________a n. 意大利人;意大利语 adj. 意大利的;意大利人的;意大利语的
train v. 训练;培训 → ____________________ n. 训练;培训
report n. 报告;汇报;报道 v. 报告;汇报 → __________a n. 记者
prove v. 证明;证实;显示是 → __________a n. 证据
communicate v. 交流;沟通;传达 → __________a n. 交流;交际;通信;传达
close v. 关;闭合;合上;结束 adj. 近的;亲密的 adv. 接近;靠近;紧密地 → __________ adv. 靠近地;细致地
complete v. 完成;结束;使完整 adj. 完成的;完整的;彻底的 → __________ adv. 彻底地;完全地;完整地;全部地
introduce v. 介绍;引见 → __________ n. 介绍;简介;序言;采用
France n. 法国 → __________ adj. 法语的;法国的;法国人的 n. 法语 → __________ n. 法国人
tour n. 旅行;旅游 v. (在…)旅游,(在…)巡回演出(或做宣传广告等)→ __________ n. 游客;旅游者 → __________ n. 旅游业;观光业
crowd n. 人群;观众 v. 拥挤;挤满 → __________ adj. 人多的;拥挤的;挤满的 必背短语
1 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1.无人能及 ____________________
2.至于____________________
3.毫无疑问 ____________________
4.什么都有一点____________________
5.倒数 ____________________
6.报名____________________
7.代替 ____________________
8.放大____________________
9.靠近 ____________________
10.无论...与否____________________
11.体验 ____________________
12.抽出时间做____________________
13.吸收,理解,领略 ______________
14.毫无疑问____________________
15.因为...而有名____________________
16.完全免费__________________
17.明白__________
18.依靠,取决于 ______________
19.等等____________________
20.私人_____________
21.有很多可看____________________
22.通往过去的窗户
23.用现金____________________
24.和...比较____________________
2 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
用法精萃
1. 使某人做某事____________________
2.没有做...____________________
3. 介意某人做__________________
4.在...中流行__________________
5.有人、物正在做__________________
6.做某事方便__________________
7.(谓单)...的数量(is)__________________
8.(谓复)许多(are)__________________
9.+可数名词复数 几个,一些__________________
10.一片,一点__________________
11.看某人做(整个过程)__________________
12.非常有兴趣__________________
13.决定做某谁__________________
14.位于(两地互属)__________________
15.位于(两地不接壤)__________________
16.位于(两地接壤)__________________
17.容易做__________________
18.想要做__________________
19.完全免费__________________
20.有很多值得看__________________
22.近距离观赏鱼__________________
23. 流水__________________
24. 将可能__________________
3 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
重点句型
1. ----互联网让我们足不出户就能了解外界世界。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ----甚至还有在线导游会为你详细介绍它们。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ----作为著名流行乐队披头士的诞生地,这座城市在英国音乐史上始终占据着特殊地位。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. ----无论你是否是足球迷,前往安菲尔德球场的旅程都将成为一段难忘的回忆。
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. ----不妨抽空去几处景点看看,感受利物浦的独特文化魅力。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. ----纽约拥有约九百万居民和数百种不同语言,堪称美国最大的城市。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. ----从著名建筑与桥梁,到博物馆、剧院、购物中心和餐厅,这座城市的设施可谓应有尽有。
________________________________________________________________________________________
8. ----倒数到午夜时分特别有趣,还能看着巨大的玻璃球从天而降!
________________________________________________________________________________________
9. ----若不漫步中央公园,纽约之旅便不算完整。
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. ----除夕夜,众多本地居民和游客齐聚伦敦眼摩天轮,一边欣赏烟花表演,一边倒数迎接新年。
________________________________________________________________________________________
11. 350多年来,这里一直是伦敦规模最大、最负盛名的剧院所在地。
________________________________________________________________________________________
12. ----爸爸上网查了各种旅游景点,为咱们全家去中国旅行做准备。
________________________________________________________________________________________
13. ----多亏了互联网,爸爸才能轻松规划我们的旅行.
________________________________________________________________________________________
14. ----它通过互联网与全球民众共享莫高窟的瑰宝。
________________________________________________________________________________________
15. ----它们不仅是古代中国的艺术瑰宝,更是古代丝绸之路沿线不同文化交流的重要见证。
________________________________________________________________________________________
16. ----如今该平台提供了近300个洞穴的详尽信息,包含多组高清3D图像及视频导览。
________________________________________________________________________________________
17. ----既然能坐着旅行又舒适自在,何必走路呢?
________________________________________________________________________________________
18. ----该地以丰富的古典绘画与雕塑收藏而闻名于世。
________________________________________________________________________________________
19. ----我可以放大查看艺术品的每个细节。
________________________________________________________________________________________
语法梳理
1 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
语法点01 lively.alive.living.live
简单来说,live、alive、living 都含“活的”之意,但用法和侧重点不同;而 lively 则完全脱离了“生死”范畴,专指“活泼、生动”。
核心区别速查表
单词
词性
核心含义
关键用法
典型例句
live
adj. / v.
活的(多指动物);现场直播的
作形容词时通常前置(a live show);不修饰人
The cat was playing with a live mouse.(活老鼠)
alive
adj.
活着的(与dead相对),有活力的
多作表语(be alive);作定语时必须后置
Is the old man still alive? (还活着)
living
adj. / n.
活着的,现存的;生计
最通用,可前置/表语;指“活着的人”用 the living
living things (生物);make a living (谋生)
lively
adj.
活泼的,生动的,热烈的
形容人、气氛、课堂等,无“活着”的意思
She is a lively child. (活泼的孩子)
深度解析与易错点
1. live:强调“有生命”或“实时”
读音:作形容词时读 /laɪv/,作动词(居住)时读 /lɪv/。
用法:作形容词时,通常只修饰物(特别是动物),且必须放在名词前。一般不用来直接修饰人(不能说 a live man)。
特殊义:在媒体语境下,指“现场直播的”、“实况的”。
They are broadcasting live from the concert. (现场直播)
Be careful, it's a livewire. (带电的)
2. alive:强调“状态”与“幸存”
用法:这是表语形容词,绝大多数时候跟在系动词(be, seem, stay)后面。如果想把它放在名词前修饰,必须后置。
He is the greatest poet alive. (在世的最伟大诗人)
The soldier was found alive three days later. (被活着找到)
搭配:常用 _____________(活跃起来)、______________(维持生命)。
3. living:强调“现存”与“健在”
用法:最中性的“活着的”一词,可作定语(a living creature)或表语(He is still living)。在比喻“活生生的”时,只能用 living。
He is the living image of his father. (活脱脱像他父亲)
All living things need water. (所有生物)
名词:作名词时意为“生计”(make a living)。
4. lively:完全不同的“活力”
注意:这个词没有“活着的”意思,它专指“精力充沛的”、“生动的”。
The party was very lively. (派对气氛很热烈)
She has a lively mind. (思维活跃)
语法点02 whether&if
1. 两者皆可用的情况:引导宾语从句,表示“是否”
这是 if 最主要的“舞台”,此时两者常可互换,但 whether 更正式。
I don’t know if / whether she will accept the offer.
(我不知道她是否会接受这个提议。)
2. 只能用 whether 的情况 :以下情况,if 无法替代 whether:
__________________________:
Whether we can win is still uncertain.(主语从句)
My concern is whether the plan is feasible.(表语从句)
The question whether we should proceed was debated.(同位语从句)
_____________________________:
We argued about whether it was a good idea.
______________________________:
She is considering whether to buy a new car.
__________________________________:
You must decide whether or not to attend.(必须决定是否参加。)
(可以说 “if ... or not”,但不能说 “if or not”)
强调两种选择时(尤其与 “or” 连用):
Let me know whether you want coffee or tea.(明确咖啡或茶二选一)
(用 “if” 可能削弱这种明确的二选一感。)
3. 可能产生歧义时,用 whether 更清晰
if 既可以表示“是否”,也可以表示“如果”。在个别句子中可能产生歧义,此时用 whether 可避免误解。
歧义句:Please tell me ifyou are interested.
理解1:请告诉我,你是否感兴趣。(宾语从句)
理解2:如果你感兴趣,请告诉我。(条件状语从句)
无歧义句:Please tell me whetheryou are interested.
(只能理解为:请告诉我你是否感兴趣。)
语法点03 现在完成时和一般过去时
对比维度
现在完成时 (Present Perfect)
一般过去时 (Simple Past)
核心概念
强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或动作持续到现在。
仅陈述过去某一具体时间发生的动作或状态,与现在无直接关联。
时间焦点
现在。回答的是“现在怎么样?”(如:结果、经验、持续状态)。
过去。回答的是“过去什么时候做了什么?”。
时间状语
模糊/不确切的过去时间:ever, never, just, already, yet, before, recently, so far, in the last/past year, for + 时间段, since + 时间点。
具体/确切的过去时间:yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago, when I was a child, at 5 o‘clock。
谓语结构
have/has + 过去分词
动词过去式 (规则/不规则)
与现在的联系
有直接联系。动作的结果、影响或状态持续至今。
无直接联系。动作已在过去完全结束。
详细用法与例句对比
1. 现在完成时的三大核心用法
① 已完成用法 (动作已结束,但结果/影响现在仍在)
I have lost my keys. (我丢了钥匙。)
对现在的影响:我现在没钥匙,进不了门。
She has finished her homework. (她完成了作业。)
对现在的影响:她现在可以自由活动了。
② 未完成用法 (动作从过去开始,持续到现在,并可能继续)
I have lived here for ten years. (我在这里住了十年了。)
持续状态:我从十年前开始住在这里,现在仍然住在这里。
He has been a teacher since 2015. (他从2015年起就是老师。)
持续状态:从2015年到现在,他一直是老师。
③ 经历用法 (过去某段时间内的经历,强调“有没有过”)
Have you ever been to Japan? (你去过日本吗?)
询问人生经历,不关心具体时间。
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. (我从未见过如此美丽的日落。)
强调“至今没有”的经历。
2. 一般过去时的核心用法
陈述在过去某个具体时间点或时间段发生并已结束的动作。
I lostmy keys yesterday. (我昨天丢了钥匙。)
只陈述昨天发生的事,不关心现在是否找到。
I lived in Beijing for three years. (我在北京住了三年。)
陈述过去的经历,现在已经不住在北京了。
Did you go to Japan last year? (你去年去日本了吗?)
询问发生在去年这个具体时间的动作。
黄金法则
黄金法则:看到具体过去时间状语(yesterday, in 1999, ... ago),一定用一般过去时。看到与现在相关的时间状语(just, already, for 2 years, since...),优先考虑现在完成时。
单元写作
一、单元写作任务:本单元的话题“线上旅行”。要求在网上找一个景点,然后写出自己的“旅行”过程和体验写作时,人称第一人称,时态一般现在时。
谋篇布局
开头
线上旅行的地点
中间
所在地区,有哪些景点(注意介绍顺序)
结尾
写出自己线上旅行的感受
二、写作通用表达
The other day,I visited...
On the website,I can...
I can tour ...and see..
.….is a must!
…is an easy way to...
To complete the tour,I.
This online tour is really …
It was a wonderful/fantastic experience to...
3、 范文背诵
My Online Tour of the British Museum
Last week, in our history class, we learned about ancient civilizations. My teacher suggested we visit the British Museum online, so I decided to take an online tour.
The British Museum is located in London, UK. It was founded in 1753 and is one of the oldest and largest museums in the world. It is famous for its huge collection of art and cultural objects from different countries and times.
During my online tour, I “walked” through several galleries. I saw the famous Rosetta Stone from ancient Egypt and even zoomed in to read the words on it. I also saw some sculptures from Greece. The website provided clear pictures and simple introductions, which helped me understand the history behind these treasures.
I think online travel is a fantastic way to learn. I didn’t need a plane ticket or to wait in long queues. I could explore the museum at my own pace, and it was completely free. It made me feel like I was really walking through the halls of the museum. It was an exciting and convenient experience that I will never forget.
Unit 4 A good read
重点单词变形
stomach n. 胃 → ___________胃疼
who pron. 谁 → ___________pron. 谁什么人 (宾格) → ___________ pron. 谁的 → ___________ pron. 无论谁;不管什么人
discuss v. 讨论;谈论;商量 → ___________n. 讨论;议论
certain adj. 确定的;必然的;特定的;一些 pron. 某些人或事物 → ___________ adv. 肯定;无疑;当然;行
advice n. 建议;意见;忠告;劝告 → ___________v. 建议;忠告;劝告;提出建议
clear adj. 了解清楚的;清澈的;晴朗的 v. 清除;使明白;批准 → ___________ adv. 清晰地;明显地;确实地;清楚地,明白地
time n. 时间;次数 → ___________ n. 时间安排;时刻表
end n.&v. 结束 → ___________ n. 结尾;结局 → ___________ adj. 无数的,无限的
rule n. 规则;规章 → ___________ n. 尺子;统治者
library n. 图书馆 → ___________ n. 图书馆管理员;图书馆馆长
copy n. 一本,(份,册); 复制品 → ___________n. 版权,著作权
especial adj. 特别的 → ___________adv. 尤其;特别;格外
publish v. 出版;发行;发表;公布 → ___________n. 出版人;出版商;出版社
difficult adj. 困难的;艰难的 → ___________ n. 困难;难题
agree v. 同意;赞成;应允 → ___________ n. 同意;一致;协议 → ___________ adj. 令人愉快的;同意的;一致的 → ___________ v. 不同意;持不同意见;有分歧 → ___________ n. 意见不和;分歧;争论
with prep. 具有;与… 一起;用…; 带着;随着 → ___________prep. 在… 范围之内 → ___________ prep. 没有;不做某事
describe v. 描述;形容;描绘 → ___________ n. 描述;描写;说明 → ___________adj. 描述性的;描写的;叙述的
4 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
重点短语
10 / 16
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. 累极了____________________
2. 摔倒 ____________________
3.设法逃脱,努力挣脱 ____________________
4.立即,马上____________________
5.提交,呈交,上交____________________
6. 每次 ____________________
7. 劳驾,请原谅____________________
8. 做某事有困难____________________
9.第一,首先____________________
10.(从图书馆等)借出____________________
11.编造,编辑____________________
12. 撞上____________________
13.拖出____________________
14.和...讨论____________________
15.做...总结____________________
16.总而言之____________________
17.尽可能快的____________________
18.到...为止____________________
19.掉下____________________
20.睡着____________________
21.被捆在____________________
22.向下看,看不起____________________
23.从...逃脱____________________
24.做一个思维导图____________________
25.对...满意____________________
26.举起,张贴,搭建____________________
27.擅长____________________
28.分发,泄露____________________
29.集中____________________
30.翻译成____________________
31.拒绝____________________
用法精萃
1. 通过做某事____________________
2. 一万(具体数字+单数)____________________
3.成千上万(有of+s)____________________
4. ...中的一万____________________
5.任何好的东西____________________
6.不愿意做____________________
7.继续做某事____________________
8.一群____________________
9.建议某人做____________________
10.建议做____________________
11.坚持做____________________
12.太...而不能____________________
13.发生某事____________________
14.说说和谁谈论这本书____________________
15.使某事被做____________________
16.对...有害____________________
17.盗版书____________________
18.许多____________________
重点句型
1.读万卷书,行万里路。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2.当我终于感受到脚下大地的重量时,早已疲惫不堪。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3.它向上移动,越过我的腹部和颈部,直至靠近我的面部。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4.我试图从绳索中抽出一只手,最终成功挣脱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
5.我立刻起身,沿着海滩飞奔向森林,速度快得惊人。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6.丹尼尔没说该找谁讨论这本书。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7.你可以自行决定带多少本书。
________________________________________________________________________________________
8.学生们问老师什么时候交书评.
________________________________________________________________________________________
9.选书可不是件容易的事,不过你选的这些书,我挺满意的。
________________________________________________________________________________________
10.我会在办公室门上贴个时间表,方便您知道何时联系我。
________________________________________________________________________________________
11.我得简单说说这本书,但不能剧透结局
________________________________________________________________________________________
12.首先,你要记住图书馆的书是供所有人使用的,所以请务必好好爱护它们。
________________________________________________________________________________________语法精讲
语法点01 特殊疑问词+to do
a. Adjective + question word + to-infinitive ____________________
含义:这种结构通常用来表达某种情感、态度或评价,意思是“做某事是……的”。
常见搭配的形容词:
描述情绪/感受:_________________________________________________________________
描述难易度:______________________________________
描述性质:___________________________________________
例句:
I‘m not sure how to use this app.(我不清楚怎么用这个软件。)
She was surprised what to see there.(她很惊讶在那里看到了什么。)
It is difficult how to finish the work in time.(如何按时完成这项工作很难。)
I‘m worried where to find him.(我很担心去哪里找他。)
b. Verb + object + question word + to-infinitive __________________________________
含义:这是“动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”的结构。这里的动词通常是使役动词(如___________________________)或感官动词(如 __________________________)。
核心逻辑:主语让/教/告诉宾语(人)去做某事(关于疑问词的事)。
例句:
Can you tell me how to get to the station?(你能告诉我怎么去车站吗?)
My mother taught me how to cook.
The teacher showed us what to write.
Please ask your father where to park the car.
c. Verb + question word + to-infinitive _______________________________
含义:这是最常见的动宾结构。这里的动词通常是表示“说、知道、想知道、决定、学习、思考”等意义的动词。
常见搭配的动词:________________________________________________________________例句:
I don‘t know what to do next.(我不知道接下来做什么。)
He wondered if/whether to go or stay.(他在想是走还是留。)
Please tell me when to start.
We need to find out how to solve this problem.
d. Verb + question word + noun + to-infinitive _______________________________________
含义:这种结构与 c 类似,但它多了一个名词。这个名词通常是前面动词的宾语,或者是表示“方式、方向”的词(如 way, road)。核心逻辑:疑问词修饰后面的名词,或者这个名词是动作的对象。
例句:
I don‘t know the way how to get there.(我不知道怎么去那里的路。)—— 虽然语法上常说 the way to get,但加上 how 强调疑问。
We discussed the best way to finish the task.(我们讨论了完成任务的最佳方式。)
She asked me the right time to leave.(她问我正确的离开时间。)
Let‘s decide the place where to meet.(让我们决定见面的地点。)
总结与注意事项:
疑问词的选择:
_____________: 通常指事情、物体(do, eat, see, buy)。
_____________: 通常指方式、方法(do, get, use)。
_____________: 指地点(go, find, put)。
_____________: 指时间(start, come, leave)。
_____________: 指人(ask, tell, talk to)。
_____________: 指特定范围内的选择(choose, take)。
常见的固定句型:
疑问词 + to do 经常可以替换 宾语从句。
I don‘t know what I should do. = I don‘t know what to do.
He asked me where he could go. = He asked me where to go.
不能单独作谓语:
“疑问词 + to do” 结构在句子中不能做独立的谓语动词,它通常作为宾语、主语、表语等成分存在。
介词的处理:
如果疑问词是 where, when等,不需要加介词。
如果是 how, what, who等,有时需要注意介词的位置。例如:Can you tell me how to do it?(不能说 how to do,因为 do 是及物动词,需要宾语 it)。
语法点02 must,have to的用法和区别详解
核心区别速览
对比维度
must
have to
核心情态
表示说话人主观认为的“必须”(义务、命令、强烈建议)。
表示外部客观情况要求的“必须”(规定、需要、不得已)。
来源/语气
主观性强,来自说话者的权威、决心或信念。
客观性强,来自规则、法律、情况或他人要求。
时态形式
只有现在时(must)。过去时/将来时需用 had to / will have to。
有多种时态(_____________)。
否定形式
_____________:表示“禁止”、“绝对不可以”。语气很强。
_____________:表示“不必”、“不需要”。没有强制义务。
疑问形式
Must I/we...?(我/我们必须……吗?)
Do I/we have to...?(我/我们必须……吗?)
强调程度
在表示“必须”时,must的语气通常比 have to更强烈、更正式。
在表示“必须”时,语气相对中性、口语化。
详细用法与例句
1. 表示“必须”时,主观 vs. 客观
这是两者最核心的区别。
must (主观义务)
来源:说话者本人的命令、决心、或基于个人信念认为有必要。
You must finish your homework before watching TV. (我作为家长/说话者要求你。)
I must exercise more to stay healthy. (我主观认为有必要。)
We must respect our elders. (这是我信奉的道德准则。)
have to (客观需要)
来源:外部规则、法律、情况或逻辑使然。
You have to wear a seatbelt. It's the law. (法律规定。)
She has to work on weekends because her boss said so. (老板的要求。)
I have togo now, or I'll miss the last bus. (客观情况所迫,错过公交的后果。)
一个经典对比场景:
A: I must lose weight. (我下定决心要减肥。)
B: Why?
A: Because my doctor says I have to. (医生说我必须减,这是外部专业指令。)
2. 否定形式的巨大差异
这是最容易出错的地方,两者意思完全相反。
must not / mustn't (禁止,不准)
You must not smoke here. (这里禁止吸烟。)
You mustn't tell anyone this secret. (你绝不能告诉任何人这个秘密。)
do not have to / don't have to (不必,不需要)
You don't have to wear a suit, but you can if you want. (你不必穿西装,但想穿也可以。)
Tomorrow is a holiday, so I don't have to get up early. (明天放假,所以我不需要早起。)
简单记忆:mustn't≈ 禁止;don't have to≈ 没必要。
3. 时态形式的差异
must 本身没有过去式和将来式。要表达过去的“必须”,只能用 had to;表达将来的“必须”,用 will have to。
Yesterday I had to finish a report. (昨天我必须完成一份报告。)
We will have to make a decision soon. (我们很快就得做出决定了。)
have to 有完整的时态变化,可以用于任何时态。
Present: He has to go.
Past: He had to go.
Future: He will have to go.
4. 在疑问句中的使用
两者都可以构成疑问句,但结构和常见程度不同。
Must...? 通常用于询问对方的意志或命令,有时显得比较正式或强硬。
Must I clean the room now? (语气:是你要求我现在必须打扫吗?)
Do...have to...? 更常用,用于询问客观规定或必要。
Do I have to clean the room now? (语气:根据规定/计划,我需要现在打扫吗?)
单元写作
一、单元写作任务:本单元的话题是“推荐一本好书”。写作时,人称第一人称;时态一般现在时。
谋篇布局
开头
读了什么书,作者,文章体裁
中间
为什么推荐,令你印象深刻的描写或者场景
结尾
写自己感想
二、写作通用表达
This book is about/describes... He/She is...
I really enjoy this book because .. I love the character(s).best.
He/She/They is/are...,though ... The story tells us to...
三、范文背诵
A Book I Recommend
Today, I would like to recommend a wonderful book to you. Its name is "Wonder", and it was written by an American writer named R. J. Palacio.
This book tells the story of a ten-year-old boy named August Pullman. Auggie was born with a facial difference, and he has been homeschooled all his life. The book is about his first year at a real school. It describes the challenges he faces, the friends he makes, and how he changes the people around him with his courage and kindness.
I think this is a great book for two main reasons. First, the story is very touching and teaches us an important lesson: we should never judge people by their looks. Real beauty comes from the inside. Second, the book is written from the different perspectives of several characters. This helps us understand everyone's feelings and thoughts, which makes the story even more interesting.
After reading "Wonder", I learned to be more understanding and kinder to others. It made me think about how my words and actions can affect people. This book is not just for children; even adults can learn a lot from it.
I highly recommend "Wonder" to everyone. It is a book that will stay in your heart long after you finish reading it. I believe it will make you laugh, cry, and, most importantly, think. Why not give it a try? You won't be disappointed.
$