抢分06 探索发现与生化医疗（热点话题）（抢分专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分06 探索发现与生化医疗（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 探索发现与生化医疗 (Exploration, Discovery & Biomedicine) 核心内涵 包括航天探索、考古发现、新药研发、疾病预防、基因技术、公共卫生与健康科普 考查角度 细节定位、研究成果理解、数据推理、主旨归纳、科技应用分析 备考重点 积累医疗与科研高频词；读懂实验与发现类说明文；理清研究过程与结论逻辑 相关词汇 clinical trial, genetic engineering, breakthrough 语法填空 祝融号探测发现火星古海滩与海洋遗迹，证明火星曾宜居，存在孕育微生物的条件。 选词填空 讲述 “埃德蒙・菲茨杰拉德” 号货轮遭遇风暴沉没，船长经验丰富仍未能躲过灾难。 完形填空 雨林经亿万年进化形成复杂生态，人类破坏导致快速消失，引发生物多样性丧失等恶果。 阅读理解 A：介绍马里亚纳海沟、巴西雅瓦里谷、马达加斯加青吉自然保护区等地球未被充分探索之地。 B：介绍珠峰 “死亡地带” 的极端环境对人体呼吸、大脑、器官的影响及现有应对措施。 概要写作 发光植物因光合能量有限难以照明，注入荧光粉短效且有风险，改造植物前景可期但暂不现实。 一、语法填空 Beaches on MarsThey’re not like those in the Caribbean, but the Red Planet’s beaches may still have attracted microbial (微生物的) tourists. New research suggests that not only was Mars once a perfect holiday destination 1 you’re willing to overlook the radiation exposure and absence of food sources, but was also in possession of the right conditions to host alien life. It all stems from the discovery of ancient sandy beaches on Mars 2 (suggest) a large liquid ocean once spread over the northern part of the Red Planet. The team behind the research says that this ancient shoreline is the clearest evidence yet that Mars was previously habitable. “When we look back at where the 3 (early) life on Earth developed, it was in the interaction between oceans and land. So this discovery is painting a picture of ancient habitable environments capable of harbouring conditions friendly 4 microbial life,” said Benjamin Cardenas, one of the researchers on the team. “We found evidence for wind, waves, no shortage of sand — a proper, vacation-style beach.” The researchers used the radar imaging equipment aboard China’s Zhurong rover 5 (explore) the ground beneath Utopia Planitia (乌托邦平原) on Mars. The scans picked up 76 hidden formations buried 10-35m below the surface that the evidence suggests 6 (produce) by sedimentary (沉积的) deposits. The shape, thickness and length of the Martian deposits indicate that they were formed by a stable ancient ocean, almost identical to 7 , found in 21 locations on Earth, including the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean. Such formations 8 are called ‘foreshore deposits’ detected beneath the Martian surface slope down at an angle of 15° towards what was once an ocean and were formed by tides carrying sediments. “We tend to think about Mars as an unchanging snapshot of a planet, but it was evolving with rivers flowing, sediment moving, and land 9 (build) and eroded,” said Cardenas. “This type of sedimentary geology can tell us 10 the landscape looked like, how it evolved and, importantly, help us identify where we would want to look for past life.” 【答案】 1．if 2．suggesting 3．earliest 4．to 5．to explore 6．were produced 7．those 8．as 9．being built 10．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了研究表明火星上存在古代沙滩，这暗示火星北部曾有大片液态海洋，具备宜居条件，甚至可能存在过微生物生命。文章还介绍了研究团队利用中国“祝融号”火星车的雷达成像设备进行探测的过程，以及对火星沉积岩层的分析的意义。 1．考查连词。句意：新的研究表明，只要你愿意忽略辐射暴露和食物来源的缺失，火星不仅曾经是一个完美的度假胜地，而且还具备孕育外星生命的适宜条件。根据句意可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果；只要”，用连词if。故填if。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一切都源于在火星上发现的古代沙滩，这些沙滩表明这颗红色星球的北部曾经覆盖着大片液态海洋。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，ancient sandy beaches与suggest之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填suggesting。 3．考查形容词最高级。句意：该研究团队的研究员之一本杰明·卡德纳斯说：“当我们回顾地球上最早的生命诞生之地时，会发现是在海洋与陆地的相互作用中。因此，这一发现描绘出了古代宜居环境的图景，这种环境具备孕育微生物生命的友好条件。”根据语境及定冠词the可知，此处表示“最早的”，用early的最高级earliest。故填earliest。 4．考查介词。句意：该研究团队的研究员之一本杰明·卡德纳斯说：“当我们回顾地球上最早的生命诞生之地时，会发现是在海洋与陆地的相互作用中。因此，这一发现描绘出了古代宜居环境的图景，这种环境具备孕育微生物生命的友好条件。”be friendly to是固定搭配，意为“对……友好”。故填to。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用中国“祝融号”火星车上的雷达成像设备，对火星乌托邦平原地表以下的区域进行了探测。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to explore。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：扫描结果发现了76个隐藏在地表以下10至35米处的构造，有证据表明这些构造是由沉积物形成的。根据语境可知，“构造被形成”是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；formations与produce之间是被动关系，用被动语态。主谓一致，故填were produced。 7．考查代词。句意：火星沉积物的形状、厚度和长度表明，它们是由一个稳定的古代海洋形成的，这与在地球上21个地点（包括印度洋的孟加拉湾）发现的（沉积物）几乎相同。此处指代前文提到的“deposits”，为避免重复，用those指代同名异物的复数名词。故填those。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在火星地表下探测到的这种被称为“前滨沉积层”的构造，朝着曾经的海洋以15度角倾斜，是由携带沉积物的潮汐形成的。此处先行词formations被such修饰，且为限制性定语从句，根据语法规则，先行词被such修饰时，关系代词需用as，as在从句中作主语。故填 as。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：卡德纳斯说：“我们往往把火星看作是一个一成不变的星球快照，但实际上它一直在演化——河流在流动，沉积物在移动，陆地在形成和侵蚀。”分析句子结构可知，空处与前文并列作with的复合宾语，land与build之间是被动关系并强调进行，用现在分词的被动形式。故填being built。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：这种沉积地质学可以告诉我们地貌曾经的样子、它是如何演化的，更重要的是，帮助我们确定应该去哪里寻找过去的生命痕迹。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且表示“……的样子”，用连接代词what。故填what。 二、选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．options   B．resolved   C． pride   D．cautious   E. sustained   F. assigned    G. stretch  H. functioning   I. unseasonably   J. aggressive   K. anchoring    Silent on Lake Superior: McSorley’s Last Journey By the day he died, Ernest McSorley had built a reputation as the captain who could weather any storm. He was one of the best sailors on the Great Lakes, where he had been 11 to pilot the Edmund Fitzgerald, the flagship of Columbia Transportation Division. McSorley took 12 in his efficiency, and he always delivered his goods on time, navigating skilfully through dangerous waters. The company valued his 13 approach of always pushing forward. On November 9, 1975, the Fitzgerald set sail from Superior, Wisconsin, carrying around 26,000 tons of iron ore. The temperature was 14 warm, an early sign that something was wrong. Angry winter weather was already on its way. At7 p.m., the National Weather Service issued a storm warning for Lake Superior, predicting waves up to ten feet tall. McSorley had two 15 : He could sail straight across the lake to Whitefish Bay, a familiar 30-hour journey, or take the so-called northern route, a 44-hour passage that hugged the Canadian shore, which would protect the ship right up until the final 16 of the voyage. McSorley had initially 17 to sail the shorter passage. But as conditions worsened, he changed his mind. The captain known for his aggression and efficiency made an uncharacteristically 18 decision, choosing the longer northern route. Around 3 p.m. on November 10, Captain Bernie Cooper of the Arthur M. Anderson, a ship traveling nearby, noticed something alarming on his radar screen. Minutes later, the Fitzgerald radioed the Anderson reporting trouble: “I have 19 some topside damage,” McSorley said “I’m checking down. Will you stay by me until I get to Whitefish?” Soon after, McSorley learned that both of the Fitzgerald’s radars had stopped. 20 , and the lighthouse at Whitefish Point had gone dark. Despite his decades of experience, McSorley reported over the radio that he was witnessing “one of the worst seas I’ve ever been in”. After that final transmission, the Fitzgerald stopped answering calls from the Anderson and disappeared from the radar. 【答案】 11．F 12．C 13．J 14．I 15．A 16．G 17．B 18．D 19．E 20．H 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述“埃德蒙·菲茨杰拉德”号船长麦克索利的最后航行，因遭遇恶劣天气，这艘船最终在苏必利尔湖失联的故事。 11．考查动词。句意：他是五大湖区最优秀的水手之一，被指派驾驶哥伦比亚运输部的旗舰“埃德蒙·菲茨杰拉德”号。根据前文“one of the best sailors”可知，他能力出众，因此被分配驾驶旗舰，“assigned”意为“指派，分配”，符合“优秀水手得到重任”的语境。故选F。 12．考查名词。句意：麦克索利为自己的高效感到自豪，他总是能熟练地在危险水域航行，按时运送货物。根据后文“always delivered his goods on time”可知，他对自己的工作效率很满意，“take pride in”是固定短语，意为“为……感到自豪”，符合语境。故选C。 13．考查形容词。句意：公司看重他那种锐意进取、果敢激进的工作方式。根据后文“pushing forward”可知，他的工作态度是积极进取、作风果敢的，aggressive意为“果敢的，锐意进取的”，修饰approach，符合“公司重视的工作方式”的描述。故选J。 14．考查副词。句意：气温异常温暖，这是出事的早期征兆。根据后文“Angry winter weather was already on its way”可知，反常的温暖天气是风暴将至的信号，“unseasonably”意为“反常地”，修饰warm，符合“天气异常”的语境。故选I。 15．考查名词。句意：麦克索利有两个选择：要么直接穿过湖面前往怀特菲什湾，这段航程他很熟悉，需要30小时；要么选择所谓的北线航道，沿着加拿大海岸航行，全程44小时，这条航道几乎可以一直保护船只，直到航行的最后一段路程。根据后文列举的两条不同航行路线可知，此处指船长面临两种航行方案，“options”意为“选择”，符合“两种航道可选”的语境。故选A。 16．考查名词。句意：麦克索利有两个选择：要么直接穿过湖面前往怀特菲什湾，这段航程他很熟悉，需要30小时；要么选择所谓的北线航道，沿着加拿大海岸航行，全程44小时，这条航道几乎可以一直保护船只，直到航行的最后一段路程。根据前文“the final”可知，此处指航行的最后一段路程，“stretch”意为“（路程的）一段”，符合“航道保护船只直至最后一段航程”的描述。故选G。 17．考查动词。句意：麦克索利最初决定走更短的那条航道。根据后文“But as conditions worsened, he changed his mind”可知，他一开始有明确的决定，“resolved”意为“决定，决心”，符合“先决定后改主意”的逻辑。故选B。 18．考查形容词。句意：这位以果敢高效著称的船长，做出了一个一反常态的谨慎决定，选择了更长的北线航道。根据前文“aggression and efficiency”和“uncharacteristically”可知，他这次的决定和以往的果敢不同，变得小心谨慎，“cautious”意为“谨慎的”，符合“一反常态的选择”的语境。故选D。 19．考查动词。句意：“我船的上层建筑受损了，”麦克索利说，“我正在检查情况。你能在我到达怀特菲什湾之前陪着我吗？”根据后文“some topside damage”可知，船只在航行中遭遇了损坏，“sustained”意为“遭受，符合“船只受损”的语境。故选E。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：不久之后，麦克索利发现“埃德蒙·菲茨杰拉德”号的两台雷达都停止了运转，怀特菲什角的灯塔也熄灭了。根据前文“stopped”可知，此处指雷达设备无法正常工作，“functioning”意为“运转，工作”，符合“雷达失灵”的描述。故选H。 三、完形填空 The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest are indescribable. It is impossible to 21 on film, to describe in words, or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest. Rainforests have 22 over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. Rainforests represent a store of living and 23 renewable natural resources that for ages, by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species, have 24 a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of humankind. These resources have included basic food supplies, clothing, shelter, fuel, spices, industrial raw materials, and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest. 25 , the inner dynamics of a tropical rainforest is an intricate (错综复杂的) and fragile system. Everything is so 26 that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole. Sadly, it has taken only a century of human intervention to destroy what nature designed to 27 forever. The scale of human 28 on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. Consumption of everything on the planet has risen — at a cost of our 29 . In 2001, The World Resources Institute estimated that the demand for rice, wheat, and corn is expected to grow by 40% by 2020, increasing irrigation water demands by 50% or more. They further reported that the demand for wood could double by the year 2050; 30 , it is still the tropical forests of the world that supply the bulk of the world’s demand for wood. In 1950, about 15 percent of the Earth’s land surface was covered by rainforest. Today, more than half has already gone up in 31 . In fewer than fifty years, more than half of the world’s tropical rainforests have fallen 32 to fire and the chain saw, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating. Unbelievably, more than 200,000 acres of rainforest are burned every day. That is more than 150 acres lost every minute of every day, and 78 million acres lost every year! More than 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest is already gone, and much more is severely threatened as the destruction continues. It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,000 square miles a year. If nothing is done to curb (抑制) this 33 , the entire Amazon could well be gone within fifty years. Massive 34 brings with it many ugly consequences—air and water pollution, soil erosion, malaria epidemics, the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and the 35 of biodiversity through extinction of plants and animals. Fewer rainforests mean less rain, less oxygen for us to breathe, and an increased threat from global warming. 21．A．maintain B．capture C．claim D．prove 22．A．changed B．evolved C．expanded D．existed 23．A．energizing B．healing C．isolating D．breathing 24．A．contributed B．stored C．reduced D．affected 25．A．However B．Furthermore C．Therefore D．Otherwise 26．A．active B．sensitive C．interdependent D．delicate 27．A．restore B．support C．revive D．last 28．A．pressure B．power C．concern D．strength 29．A．existence B．ecosystem C．planet D．survival 30．A．unfortunately B．consequently C．naturally D．similarly 31．A．store B．food C．smoke D．wealth 32．A．subject B．down C．apart D．victim 33．A．trend B．practice C．increase D．attitude 34．A．protection B．industrialization C．modernization D．deforestation 35．A．appearance B．explosion C．loss D．increase 【答案】 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。雨林生态系统经过几百万年的进化变成了现在这么复杂的系统，雨林呈现出生物多样性，但同时也很脆弱，物种之间息息相关，雨林因为要满足人类的经济发展和人口增长的需要而被人类肆意破坏，雨林正在以惊人的速度消失，同时因此产生了多个恶果。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是不可能用胶片拍摄，用语言描述，或解释给从没有去过雨林深处体验过这种令人惊叹的经历的人。A. maintain保持；B. capture拍摄；C. claim声称；D. prove证实。上文“The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest are indescribable. (原始雨林的美丽、庄严和永恒是无法形容的。)”可知，雨林的美只能亲自去体验，电影都无法捕捉到雨林的美和神秘，故选B项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林经过了数百万年的进化，才形成了今天这种难以置信地复杂的环境。A. changed改变；B. evolved进化；C. expanded扩大，增加；D. existed存在。根据句意，雨林变成现在的状态，是经历了几百万年的进化才形成的，evolved符合语境。故选B项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林是一个有生命和还呼吸着的可再生自然资源的宝库，多年来，由于其丰富的动植物物种，为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A. energizing使人充满活力；B. healing治疗；C. isolating隔离；D. breathing呼吸。根据句意，and前后两个词都强调活着的，现在分词作定语，修饰natural resources，breathing符合语境。故选D项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林是一个有生命和还呼吸着的可再生自然资源的宝库，多年来，由于其丰富的动植物物种，为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A. contributed有助于，贡献；B. stored储存，容纳；C. reduced减少；D. affected影响。根据句意，雨林中丰富的动植物为人类的生存做出了贡献，contributed符合语境。故选A项。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，热带雨林的内部动态是一个复杂而脆弱的系统。A. However然而；B. Furthermore而且；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。由下句“Everything is so 　　　6　　　　 that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole. (一切都是如此的相互依赖，破坏一个部分会导致未知的损坏，甚至整个森林的毁坏。) ”可知，上文写的雨林的丰富性，此处借助于however，介绍了雨林的脆弱性，与上文形成对比。故选A项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都是如此的相互依赖，破坏一个部分会导致未知的损坏，甚至整个森林的毁坏。 A. active活跃的；B. sensitive善解人意的；C. interdependent相互依赖的；D. delicate脆弱的。根据句意，“牵一发而动全身”，对雨林的任何破坏，都会危及到其他物种，甚至危及整个森林，可推知：雨林中的一切都是相互依赖的。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，人类只花了一个世纪的干预就摧毁了大自然设计的永存之物。A. restore恢复；B. support支持；C. revive使复兴；D. last持续。上文“Rainforests have 　　　2　　　　 over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. (雨林经过了数百万年的进化，才形成了今天这种难以置信地复杂的环境。)”可知，短短一个世纪，人为干涉就破坏了大自然花了数百万年进化而来的生态系统，倘若没有人为干涉，生态系统本是可以持续永远的，last符合语境。故选D项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句句意：在过去的几十年里，人类对世界各地生态系统的压力大大增加。A. pressure压力；B. power能力；C. concern忧虑，关爱；D. strength实力，强度。由下文“Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. (自1980年以来，全球经济规模增长了两倍，世界人口增长了30%)”可知，随着人类发展经济的生产原材料的需要，以及人口增长导致的对生存物资的需要，人类对生态系统的索取越加增大，生态系统的压力增加了。故选A项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：地球上一切事物的消耗都在增加——以我们的生态系统为代价。A. existence存在；B. ecosystem生态系统；C. planet行星；D. survival生存。上文“The scale of human 　　　8　　　　 on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. (在过去的几十年里，人类对世界各地生态系统的压力大大增加。自1980年以来，全球经济规模增长了两倍，世界人口增长了30%)”可知，经济发展和人口激增，都是在消耗地球生态系统，以生态系统为代价。故选B项。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们进一步报告说，到2050年，对木材的需求可能会翻一番；不幸的是，世界上的热带森林仍然是世界木材需求的主要来源。A. unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；B. consequently因此；C. naturally自然地；D. similarly相似地。根据上下文，雨林已经不堪重荷，但是人类对木材需求还在增加，很不幸地，压力依然落在热带雨林上。故选A项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，一半以上的雨林已经化为乌有。A. store商店；B. food食物；C. smoke烟；D. wealth财富。短语go up in smoke，意为“像烟一样一下子就消失了，随烟飘散”，smoke符合句意。故选C项。 32．考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：在不到50年的时间里，世界上一半以上的热带雨林都成为了火灾和电锯的牺牲品，而且这种破坏的速度还在加快。A. subject主题；B. (fall) down跌倒；C. fall (apart)分开；D. victim受害者，牺牲品。空格处单词与后半句中的destruction (毁灭，破坏) 呼应。短语fall victim to，意为“成为……的牺牲品”，为固定搭配，victim符合句意。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果什么都不做去控制这种趋势，整个亚马孙森林会在50年内消失。A. trend趋势；B. practice练习；C. increase增加；D. attitude态度。上句“It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,000 square miles a year. (据估计，仅亚马孙河就以每年20000平方英里的速度消失)”可知，亚马孙河就以每年20000平方英里的速度消失，如果不控制这一趋势，整个亚马孙森林会在50年内消失。故选A项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大量的毁林会带来严重的后果——空气和水污染、水土流失、疟疾流行、二氧化碳被释放到大气中，以及动植物的灭绝带来的生物多样性的丧失。A. protection保护；B. industrialization工业化；C. modernization现代化；D. deforestation滥伐森林。根据上文“Today, more than half has already gone up in 　　　11　　　. In fewer than fifty years, more than half of the world's tropical rainforests have fallen 　　　12　　　 to fire and the chain saw, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating. (如今，一半以上的雨林已经化为乌有。在不到50年的时间里，世界上一半以上的热带雨林都成为了火灾和电锯的牺牲品，而且这种破坏的速度还在加快。)”可知，雨林受到前所未有的破坏，同时带来了一系列的恶果。deforestation符合语境。故选D项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大量的毁林会带来严重的后果——空气和水污染、水土流失、疟疾流行、二氧化碳被释放到大气中，以及动植物的灭绝带来的生物多样性的丧失。A. appearance出现；B. explosion爆炸；C. loss丧失；D. increase增加。由“extinction of plants and animals (植物和动物的灭绝)”可知，大规模的砍伐森林，会导致森林失去生物多样性。故选C项。 四、阅读理解 A Humans are born explorers and adventurers. We have this “desire” to explore new places and to go beyond. We have already climbed the highest mountain, explored the vastness of the Antarctica and the emptiness of Sahara. We have also reached outer space, stepped on the surface of our neighbour, the moon, and one day might even explore the vastness of our universe. There seems to be no end to humanity’s appetite for exploring our surroundings and the unknown. However, there are still some places on Earth that have not yet been reached or fully explored. And these places are some of the most isolated and mysterious places on this planet. Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean Located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, the Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world’s oceans. The trench measures around 2,550 km long and 70 km wide on average, and reaches a depth of over 10,994 metres at one small part known as the Challenger Deep. The Mariana Trench is considered one of the least explored parts of the world due to its extreme depth. At this depth, the water pressure can be very dangerous. Still, life can be found in this part of the ocean. Previous expeditions to the trench have revealed a number of organisms and sea creatures, living in the deep sea. Vale do Javari, Brazil With an area of about 85,444. 82 km², Vale do Javari is one of the largest indigenous territories in Brazil. The rainforest was named after the vast Javari River, which is the most important river system in the region. It is one of the most isolated places on Earth and also one of the hardest places to reach. The isolation of this remote place is largely due to the thick forest and extreme geographic location. In spite of its isolation, the tropical rainforest is home to a great number of indigenous people or Indian tribes. Those tribes, believed to be as many as 200 to 3,300 people, were first discovered through satellite images of the vast rainforest. Entering the region is prohibited by Brazilian law and the Vale do Javari is especially well-protected from outsiders and explorers by a local organisation dedicated to maintaining its rich biodiversity and protecting the forest from exploitation. Tsingy de Bemaraha Located near the western coast of Madagascar, the Tsingy de Bemaraha has been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990 to protect its unique geography and preserve the mangrove forests. The place is also home to huge numbers of animals and even new species. Some of the biggest attractions in this protected reserve are the incredibly needle-shaped limestone formations. However, those formations pose great dangers to explorers. In fact, the word “Tsingy” is derived from a local word, which means “the place where one cannot walk barefoot.” The limestone formations are terribly sharp and can easily cut through flesh with deadly effect, which makes exploring them extremely difficult and dangerous. Access to this nature reserve is limited, although tourists can reach the area either by road or plane. 36．Why is the Mariana Trench considered one of the least explored places on Earth? A．It is located too far from any continent. B．Its width makes it impossible to map accurately. C．It lacks any signs of life or scientific value. D．Its extreme depth leads to dangerous water pressure. 37．Based on the description of Vale do Javari, which of the following can be inferred about its indigenous tribes? A．They actively engage with modern society through trade. B．Their existence was confirmed through technological means. C．They rely on the Javari River for transportation to cities. D．Their population is precisely documented by Brazilian authorities. 38．What can be concluded about the Tsingy de Bemaraha from the local meaning of “Tsingy”? A．It is a popular tourist destination for hiking enthusiasts. B．The area is primarily covered by mangrove forests. C．Its limestone formations are exceptionally sharp and hazardous. D．Visitors must remove their shoes to enter the reserve. 【答案】36．D 37．B 38．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马里亚纳海沟、雅瓦里谷和贝马拉哈地质公园三个地球上未被完全探索的偏远神秘之地。 36．细节理解题。根据Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean部分中的“The Mariana Trench is considered one of the least explored parts of the world due to its extreme depth. At this depth, the water pressure can be very dangerous.(由于其极深的深度，马里亚纳海沟被认为是世界上探索最少的地区之一。在这个深度，水压可能非常危险)”可知，马里亚纳海沟被认为是地球上探索最少的地方之一，是因为它极深的深度导致了危险的水压。故选D项。 37．推理判断题。根据Vale do Javari, Brazil部分中的“Those tribes, believed to be as many as 200 to 3,300 people, were first discovered through satellite images of the vast rainforest.(这些部落的人口估计在200到3300人之间，最初是通过这片广阔雨林的卫星图像被发现的)”可知，雅瓦里谷的土著部落的存在是通过卫星图像这一技术手段被证实的。故选B项。 38．推理判断题。根据Tsingy de Bemaraha部分中的“In fact, the word “Tsingy” is derived from a local word, which means “the place where one cannot walk barefoot.” The limestone formations are terribly sharp and can easily cut through flesh with deadly effect.(事实上，“青吉”一词来源于当地的一个词汇，意思是“不能光脚行走的地方”。这些石灰岩构造极其锋利，很容易割破皮肤，造成致命伤害)”可知，从Tsingy的当地含义可推断出，贝马拉哈地质公园的石灰岩构造异常锋利且具有危险性。故选C项。 B In the Death Zone of Mount Everest Mountain climbers call the part of a mountain over 7,000 meters the Death Zone. The human body can’t live for very long at this height, because the air is too thin and there isn’t enough oxygen. Mount Everest, the world’s highest mountain, is 8,848 meters high. What happens to the bodies of people who climb it? Their lungs have to work very hard. Normally, people breathe about 20 times every minute when they are resting. On top of Everest, climbers must breathe 70 to 80 times a minute to get enough oxygen. 39 Other parts of the body work very slowly, to save energy. For example, the stomach stops digesting food. 40 They have insomnia (失眠), so they always feel tired. They get very bad headaches. The sun burns their skin through the thin air, and the bright light from the snow hurts their eyes. Because they have nausea (恶心) and indigestion, they don’t want to eat, and that makes them weaker. In the dry air, they feel thirsty all the time. Climbing on Everest also affects the brain. 41 Scientists have tested this by speaking to climbers with radios. They ask questions like, “If John is taller than Tom, who is shorter?” This is probably very easy for you to answer. But at the top of Everest, climbers have to think a long time to find the answer, and they often make mistakes. Because the climbers can’t think well, they sometimes make bad decisions and get into accidents. Even with all these difficulties, more than 2,500 people have reached the top of Mount Everest. 42 Now, almost all climbers breathe from oxygen tanks. They use radios to communicate with people at the bottom, so they can get advice if they’re not thinking clearly. There are medicines to help them with headaches and lung problems. A．But Mount Everest is still one of the most difficult and dangerous environments on Earth. B．As they get closer to the top of the mountain, climbers feel worse and worse. C．Your brain thinks very slowly, because it doesn’t have enough oxygen. D．Scientists have found ways to solve some of their problems. E．Only the strongest bodies can survive up there in the Death Zone. F．The heart must beat faster to move the blood through the body. 【答案】39．F 40．B 41．C 42．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。登山者把海拔7000米以上的部分称为“死亡地带”，文章介绍了登山者在珠峰顶端会遇到的问题以及现有的解决方法。 39．根据前文“On top of Everest, climbers must breathe 70 to 80 times a minute to get enough oxygen. (在珠峰顶端，登山者每分钟必须呼吸70到80次才能获得足够的氧气)”和后文“Other parts of the body work very slowly, to save energy. (为了节省能量，身体的其他部位工作得非常缓慢)”可知，此处是讲在珠峰顶端工作时，要比正常情况下运转快速的器官，所以选项F“心脏必须跳动得更快才能使血液在全身流动。”切合文意。故选F。 40．根据后文“They have insomnia (失眠), so they always feel tired. They get very bad headaches. The sun burns their skin through the thin air, and the bright light from the snow hurts their eyes. (他们失眠，所以他们总是感到疲倦。他们头痛得很厉害。太阳透过稀薄的空气灼伤了他们的皮肤，从雪里发出的亮光刺痛了他们的眼睛)”可知，此处是讲登山者在海拔高处的不适症状，所以选项B“越接近山顶，攀登者的感觉就越差。”切合文意。故选B。 41．根据后文“But at the top of Everest, climbers have to think a long time to find the answer, and they often make mistakes. (但是在珠穆朗玛峰的顶端，登山者要想很长时间才能找到答案，他们经常会犯错误)”可知，此处是讲在海拔高处登山者的大脑思考会很慢，所以选项C“你的大脑思考得很慢，因为它没有足够的氧气。”切合文意。故选C。 42．根据后文“Now, almost all climbers breathe from oxygen tanks. They use radios to communicate with people at the bottom, so they can get advice if they’re not thinking clearly. There are medicines to help them with headaches and lung problems. (现在，几乎所有的登山者都靠氧气瓶呼吸。他们用无线电与山底的人沟通，这样他们在思考不清楚的时候就能得到建议。有一些药物可以帮助他们治疗头痛和肺部问题)”可知，此处是讲决登山者在海拔高处遇到困难时的，可以采取的一些措施，所以选项D“科学家们已经找到了解决他们一些问题的方法。”切合文意。故选D。 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Plants Light Our Cities? Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. The vision is attractive: living lights that need no wiring, that move with the wind, and that turn urban spaces into gardens of gentle light. Yet the science behind the dream is stubborn. Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. Most estimates put the capture at under two percent, and plants must spend nearly all of that to stay alive. That leaves little spare energy to convert back into visible light. Because of this limit, engineers sometimes try to skip biology. Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. If future biotechnology enabled leaves to build biodegradable light-emitting molecules (分子), plants could store part of daylight and release it slowly after sunset. In theory, this might even assist photosynthesis by moderating changes in light levels and by converting otherwise useless wavelengths into ones the chloroplasts (叶绿体) can employ. You might picture fields that shine softly while continuing to grow through the night. For now, though, shining houseplants are mostly clever novelties. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. Use them to stimulate curiosity, not to light the city. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although people dream of using glowing plants to light cities, plants have very little extra energy to produce light. Injecting phosphors can create temporary light but has many drawbacks and risks. Modifying plants is a promising method but still unrealistic. At present, glowing plants are just novelties and cannot replace streetlights soon. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家设想用发光植物照明城市，但植物光合能量有限，难以发光。注入荧光粉效果短暂且有风险，改造植物虽有前景却不现实。目前发光植物仅为新奇事物，无法替代路灯。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. ②Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. ③Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. ④A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Although people dream of using luminescent plants to illuminate cities, the energy generated by plants themselves is extremely limited. Injecting phosphors can produce a brief glow, but this method has many drawbacks and risks. The modification of plants is a promising approach, but remains impractical at present. Currently, luminescent plants are merely novelties and cannot replace streetlights in the short term. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Although people dream of using glowing plants to light cities, plants have very little extra energy to produce light.（运用了Although引导的让步状语从句） [高分句型2] Injecting phosphors can create temporary light but has many drawbacks and risks.（运用了非谓语动词中的动名词短语作主语） 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分06 探索发现与生化医疗（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 探索发现与生化医疗 (Exploration, Discovery & Biomedicine) 核心内涵 包括航天探索、考古发现、新药研发、疾病预防、基因技术、公共卫生与健康科普 考查角度 细节定位、研究成果理解、数据推理、主旨归纳、科技应用分析 备考重点 积累医疗与科研高频词；读懂实验与发现类说明文；理清研究过程与结论逻辑 相关词汇 clinical trial, genetic engineering, breakthrough 语法填空 祝融号探测发现火星古海滩与海洋遗迹，证明火星曾宜居，存在孕育微生物的条件。 选词填空 讲述 “埃德蒙・菲茨杰拉德” 号货轮遭遇风暴沉没，船长经验丰富仍未能躲过灾难。 完形填空 雨林经亿万年进化形成复杂生态，人类破坏导致快速消失，引发生物多样性丧失等恶果。 阅读理解 A：介绍马里亚纳海沟、巴西雅瓦里谷、马达加斯加青吉自然保护区等地球未被充分探索之地。 B：介绍珠峰 “死亡地带” 的极端环境对人体呼吸、大脑、器官的影响及现有应对措施。 概要写作 发光植物因光合能量有限难以照明，注入荧光粉短效且有风险，改造植物前景可期但暂不现实。 一、语法填空 Beaches on MarsThey’re not like those in the Caribbean, but the Red Planet’s beaches may still have attracted microbial (微生物的) tourists. New research suggests that not only was Mars once a perfect holiday destination 1 you’re willing to overlook the radiation exposure and absence of food sources, but was also in possession of the right conditions to host alien life. It all stems from the discovery of ancient sandy beaches on Mars 2 (suggest) a large liquid ocean once spread over the northern part of the Red Planet. The team behind the research says that this ancient shoreline is the clearest evidence yet that Mars was previously habitable. “When we look back at where the 3 (early) life on Earth developed, it was in the interaction between oceans and land. So this discovery is painting a picture of ancient habitable environments capable of harbouring conditions friendly 4 microbial life,” said Benjamin Cardenas, one of the researchers on the team. “We found evidence for wind, waves, no shortage of sand — a proper, vacation-style beach.” The researchers used the radar imaging equipment aboard China’s Zhurong rover 5 (explore) the ground beneath Utopia Planitia (乌托邦平原) on Mars. The scans picked up 76 hidden formations buried 10-35m below the surface that the evidence suggests 6 (produce) by sedimentary (沉积的) deposits. The shape, thickness and length of the Martian deposits indicate that they were formed by a stable ancient ocean, almost identical to 7 , found in 21 locations on Earth, including the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean. Such formations 8 are called ‘foreshore deposits’ detected beneath the Martian surface slope down at an angle of 15° towards what was once an ocean and were formed by tides carrying sediments. “We tend to think about Mars as an unchanging snapshot of a planet, but it was evolving with rivers flowing, sediment moving, and land 9 (build) and eroded,” said Cardenas. “This type of sedimentary geology can tell us 10 the landscape looked like, how it evolved and, importantly, help us identify where we would want to look for past life.” 二、选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．options   B．resolved   C． pride   D．cautious   E. sustained   F. assigned    G. stretch  H. functioning   I. unseasonably   J. aggressive   K. anchoring    Silent on Lake Superior: McSorley’s Last Journey By the day he died, Ernest McSorley had built a reputation as the captain who could weather any storm. He was one of the best sailors on the Great Lakes, where he had been 11 to pilot the Edmund Fitzgerald, the flagship of Columbia Transportation Division. McSorley took 12 in his efficiency, and he always delivered his goods on time, navigating skilfully through dangerous waters. The company valued his 13 approach of always pushing forward. On November 9, 1975, the Fitzgerald set sail from Superior, Wisconsin, carrying around 26,000 tons of iron ore. The temperature was 14 warm, an early sign that something was wrong. Angry winter weather was already on its way. At7 p.m., the National Weather Service issued a storm warning for Lake Superior, predicting waves up to ten feet tall. McSorley had two 15 : He could sail straight across the lake to Whitefish Bay, a familiar 30-hour journey, or take the so-called northern route, a 44-hour passage that hugged the Canadian shore, which would protect the ship right up until the final 16 of the voyage. McSorley had initially 17 to sail the shorter passage. But as conditions worsened, he changed his mind. The captain known for his aggression and efficiency made an uncharacteristically 18 decision, choosing the longer northern route. Around 3 p.m. on November 10, Captain Bernie Cooper of the Arthur M. Anderson, a ship traveling nearby, noticed something alarming on his radar screen. Minutes later, the Fitzgerald radioed the Anderson reporting trouble: “I have 19 some topside damage,” McSorley said “I’m checking down. Will you stay by me until I get to Whitefish?” Soon after, McSorley learned that both of the Fitzgerald’s radars had stopped. 20 , and the lighthouse at Whitefish Point had gone dark. Despite his decades of experience, McSorley reported over the radio that he was witnessing “one of the worst seas I’ve ever been in”. After that final transmission, the Fitzgerald stopped answering calls from the Anderson and disappeared from the radar. 三、完形填空 The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest are indescribable. It is impossible to 21 on film, to describe in words, or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest. Rainforests have 22 over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. Rainforests represent a store of living and 23 renewable natural resources that for ages, by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species, have 24 a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of humankind. These resources have included basic food supplies, clothing, shelter, fuel, spices, industrial raw materials, and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest. 25 , the inner dynamics of a tropical rainforest is an intricate (错综复杂的) and fragile system. Everything is so 26 that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole. Sadly, it has taken only a century of human intervention to destroy what nature designed to 27 forever. The scale of human 28 on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. Consumption of everything on the planet has risen — at a cost of our 29 . In 2001, The World Resources Institute estimated that the demand for rice, wheat, and corn is expected to grow by 40% by 2020, increasing irrigation water demands by 50% or more. They further reported that the demand for wood could double by the year 2050; 30 , it is still the tropical forests of the world that supply the bulk of the world’s demand for wood. In 1950, about 15 percent of the Earth’s land surface was covered by rainforest. Today, more than half has already gone up in 31 . In fewer than fifty years, more than half of the world’s tropical rainforests have fallen 32 to fire and the chain saw, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating. Unbelievably, more than 200,000 acres of rainforest are burned every day. That is more than 150 acres lost every minute of every day, and 78 million acres lost every year! More than 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest is already gone, and much more is severely threatened as the destruction continues. It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,000 square miles a year. If nothing is done to curb (抑制) this 33 , the entire Amazon could well be gone within fifty years. Massive 34 brings with it many ugly consequences—air and water pollution, soil erosion, malaria epidemics, the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and the 35 of biodiversity through extinction of plants and animals. Fewer rainforests mean less rain, less oxygen for us to breathe, and an increased threat from global warming. 21．A．maintain B．capture C．claim D．prove 22．A．changed B．evolved C．expanded D．existed 23．A．energizing B．healing C．isolating D．breathing 24．A．contributed B．stored C．reduced D．affected 25．A．However B．Furthermore C．Therefore D．Otherwise 26．A．active B．sensitive C．interdependent D．delicate 27．A．restore B．support C．revive D．last 28．A．pressure B．power C．concern D．strength 29．A．existence B．ecosystem C．planet D．survival 30．A．unfortunately B．consequently C．naturally D．similarly 31．A．store B．food C．smoke D．wealth 32．A．subject B．down C．apart D．victim 33．A．trend B．practice C．increase D．attitude 34．A．protection B．industrialization C．modernization D．deforestation 35．A．appearance B．explosion C．loss D．increase 四、阅读理解 A Humans are born explorers and adventurers. We have this “desire” to explore new places and to go beyond. We have already climbed the highest mountain, explored the vastness of the Antarctica and the emptiness of Sahara. We have also reached outer space, stepped on the surface of our neighbour, the moon, and one day might even explore the vastness of our universe. There seems to be no end to humanity’s appetite for exploring our surroundings and the unknown. However, there are still some places on Earth that have not yet been reached or fully explored. And these places are some of the most isolated and mysterious places on this planet. Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean Located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean, the Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world’s oceans. The trench measures around 2,550 km long and 70 km wide on average, and reaches a depth of over 10,994 metres at one small part known as the Challenger Deep. The Mariana Trench is considered one of the least explored parts of the world due to its extreme depth. At this depth, the water pressure can be very dangerous. Still, life can be found in this part of the ocean. Previous expeditions to the trench have revealed a number of organisms and sea creatures, living in the deep sea. Vale do Javari, Brazil With an area of about 85,444. 82 km², Vale do Javari is one of the largest indigenous territories in Brazil. The rainforest was named after the vast Javari River, which is the most important river system in the region. It is one of the most isolated places on Earth and also one of the hardest places to reach. The isolation of this remote place is largely due to the thick forest and extreme geographic location. In spite of its isolation, the tropical rainforest is home to a great number of indigenous people or Indian tribes. Those tribes, believed to be as many as 200 to 3,300 people, were first discovered through satellite images of the vast rainforest. Entering the region is prohibited by Brazilian law and the Vale do Javari is especially well-protected from outsiders and explorers by a local organisation dedicated to maintaining its rich biodiversity and protecting the forest from exploitation. Tsingy de Bemaraha Located near the western coast of Madagascar, the Tsingy de Bemaraha has been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990 to protect its unique geography and preserve the mangrove forests. The place is also home to huge numbers of animals and even new species. Some of the biggest attractions in this protected reserve are the incredibly needle-shaped limestone formations. However, those formations pose great dangers to explorers. In fact, the word “Tsingy” is derived from a local word, which means “the place where one cannot walk barefoot.” The limestone formations are terribly sharp and can easily cut through flesh with deadly effect, which makes exploring them extremely difficult and dangerous. Access to this nature reserve is limited, although tourists can reach the area either by road or plane. 36．Why is the Mariana Trench considered one of the least explored places on Earth? A．It is located too far from any continent. B．Its width makes it impossible to map accurately. C．It lacks any signs of life or scientific value. D．Its extreme depth leads to dangerous water pressure. 37．Based on the description of Vale do Javari, which of the following can be inferred about its indigenous tribes? A．They actively engage with modern society through trade. B．Their existence was confirmed through technological means. C．They rely on the Javari River for transportation to cities. D．Their population is precisely documented by Brazilian authorities. 38．What can be concluded about the Tsingy de Bemaraha from the local meaning of “Tsingy”? A．It is a popular tourist destination for hiking enthusiasts. B．The area is primarily covered by mangrove forests. C．Its limestone formations are exceptionally sharp and hazardous. D．Visitors must remove their shoes to enter the reserve. B In the Death Zone of Mount Everest Mountain climbers call the part of a mountain over 7,000 meters the Death Zone. The human body can’t live for very long at this height, because the air is too thin and there isn’t enough oxygen. Mount Everest, the world’s highest mountain, is 8,848 meters high. What happens to the bodies of people who climb it? Their lungs have to work very hard. Normally, people breathe about 20 times every minute when they are resting. On top of Everest, climbers must breathe 70 to 80 times a minute to get enough oxygen. 39 Other parts of the body work very slowly, to save energy. For example, the stomach stops digesting food. 40 They have insomnia (失眠), so they always feel tired. They get very bad headaches. The sun burns their skin through the thin air, and the bright light from the snow hurts their eyes. Because they have nausea (恶心) and indigestion, they don’t want to eat, and that makes them weaker. In the dry air, they feel thirsty all the time. Climbing on Everest also affects the brain. 41 Scientists have tested this by speaking to climbers with radios. They ask questions like, “If John is taller than Tom, who is shorter?” This is probably very easy for you to answer. But at the top of Everest, climbers have to think a long time to find the answer, and they often make mistakes. Because the climbers can’t think well, they sometimes make bad decisions and get into accidents. Even with all these difficulties, more than 2,500 people have reached the top of Mount Everest. 42 Now, almost all climbers breathe from oxygen tanks. They use radios to communicate with people at the bottom, so they can get advice if they’re not thinking clearly. There are medicines to help them with headaches and lung problems. A．But Mount Everest is still one of the most difficult and dangerous environments on Earth. B．As they get closer to the top of the mountain, climbers feel worse and worse. C．Your brain thinks very slowly, because it doesn’t have enough oxygen. D．Scientists have found ways to solve some of their problems. E．Only the strongest bodies can survive up there in the Death Zone. F．The heart must beat faster to move the blood through the body. 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Plants Light Our Cities? Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. The vision is attractive: living lights that need no wiring, that move with the wind, and that turn urban spaces into gardens of gentle light. Yet the science behind the dream is stubborn. Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. Most estimates put the capture at under two percent, and plants must spend nearly all of that to stay alive. That leaves little spare energy to convert back into visible light. Because of this limit, engineers sometimes try to skip biology. Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. If future biotechnology enabled leaves to build biodegradable light-emitting molecules (分子), plants could store part of daylight and release it slowly after sunset. In theory, this might even assist photosynthesis by moderating changes in light levels and by converting otherwise useless wavelengths into ones the chloroplasts (叶绿体) can employ. You might picture fields that shine softly while continuing to grow through the night. For now, though, shining houseplants are mostly clever novelties. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. Use them to stimulate curiosity, not to light the city. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $