专题02 关系副词引导的定语从句（期中复习讲义）高一英语下学期北师大版

专题02 关系副词引导的定语从句（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 when引导的定语从句 知识点02 where引导的定语从句 知识点03 why引导的定语从句 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。 上述三个关系副词很多情况下都可以用介词＋关系代词来替换。where＝in/at/to＋which; when＝in/on/at＋which; why＝for＋which。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 when引导的定语从句 关系副词when可代替的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the day when we met for the first time.我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。 It was an exciting moment for the Spanish fans, when for the first time their team won the World Cup.对于西班牙球迷来说，那是一个激动人心的时刻，因为在那一刻，他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。 知识点02 where引导的定语从句 关系副词where可代替的先行词是地点名词，在从句中作地点状语。 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。 She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。 [注意]先行词是指地点的名词，如：place, factory, farm, station, town, meeting-room等，where在从句中作地点状语。 Today we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的例子。 He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use. (先行词是job)他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。 [注意]当先行词表示抽象的地点或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于地点状语的作用时，定语从句用where引导。 知识点03 why引导的定语从句 关系副词why可代替的先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语。 We didn't know the reason why he refused our help.我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。 The mother can't accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.这位母亲不能接受儿子为没上学给出的理由。 [注意]先行词是reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1. I will never forget the day I met you. 即时检测 The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 易｜错｜点｜拨 定语从句中的which和when核心区别在于在定语从句中的作用。从句缺主 / 宾 → 用 which，从句主谓宾完整，只缺时间状语 → 用 when “which” “when” 所起作用 在从句里作主语 / 宾语 在从句里作时间状语 修饰名词 可以是时间名词，也有表示其他类型的物质名词 主要是时间名词 典例02 答｜题｜模｜板 （北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中）Is there a shop nearby _______ I can buy some sweets? 即时检测 1.（2022·全国甲卷阅读理解改编）This special building is a place in ________theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会)to do creative things. 2.He likes his teaching job ______ he gets a lot of joy and happiness so he thinks it is rewarding. 易｜错｜点｜拨 定语从句中的which和where核心区别在于在定语从句中的作用。从句缺主 / 宾 → 用 which，从句主谓宾完整，只缺地点 → 用 where “which” “where” 所起作用 在从句里作主语 / 宾语 在从句里作地点状语 修饰名词 可以是地点名词，也可以是其他物质名词 多数是地点名词，也有表示范围或者领域的物质名词 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．We live in a digital culture information spreads at an astonishing speed. 2．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. 3．This thing has come to a stage I am unable to deal with it by myself. 4．Is there a shop nearby I can buy some sweets? 5．Could you give me the reason you are always late for handing in your homework? 6．A dilemma is a situation you have to choose between two equally unpleasant options. 7．People can enter a parallel world they can change identity and forget the troubles of everyday life in “READY PLAYER ONE”, a science-fiction novel set in 2045. 8．Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 9．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 10．The path we are walking now leads to the mountain. 11．Unlike the Wikipedia article the focus is on the history of the traditional dish, this article mainly introduces its medical value. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. I still remember the park ______we had our first date. 2. The company was founded in 1995, ______many young people started their careers here. 3. This is the reason_______ he decided to study abroad. 4. She graduated from Peking University, ______her mother had also studied. 5. The day ________we met for the first time is engraved in my memory. 6. He missed the train, ________caused him to be late for the interview. 7. That is the factory ______ my father has worked for over 20 years. 8. We spent our childhood in the countryside, _____ the air was fresh and clean. 9. The book tells a story of the 1980s, ______ China was undergoing great changes. 10. The reason ______ she left home remains a mystery to everyone. 11.（北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中） Could you give me the reason _______ you are always late for handing in your homework? 12.（北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中）I miss the days ________ I was able to hang out with my best friend. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. My hometown is a beautiful coastal city, ___1___I was born and raised. It has a long history of over 500 years, ___2___is recorded in many ancient books. The most famous landmark is the Old Tower, ___3___was built in the Ming Dynasty. Every summer, tourists from all over the world visit the tower, ___4__ they can enjoy a panoramic view of the city. 2. I grew up in a small neighborhood near the sea, __1__ my friends and I often played on the beach. We still remember the days __2__ we built sandcastles and chased seagulls. However, the neighborhood has changed a lot since 2010, __3__ the government started a renovation project. Now it has become a modern area with new buildings, __4__ attract many young people to live here. 3. Last year, I returned to my hometown, __1__ I hadn' t visited for five years. I was surprised by the changes, but the warmth of the people, __2__I missed most, remained the same. 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 关系副词引导的定语从句（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 when引导的定语从句 知识点02 where引导的定语从句 知识点03 why引导的定语从句 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。 上述三个关系副词很多情况下都可以用介词＋关系代词来替换。where＝in/at/to＋which; when＝in/on/at＋which; why＝for＋which。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 when引导的定语从句 关系副词when可代替的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the day when we met for the first time.我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。 It was an exciting moment for the Spanish fans, when for the first time their team won the World Cup.对于西班牙球迷来说，那是一个激动人心的时刻，因为在那一刻，他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。 知识点02 where引导的定语从句 关系副词where可代替的先行词是地点名词，在从句中作地点状语。 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。 She is teaching at the university where her mother once studied.她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。 [注意]先行词是指地点的名词，如：place, factory, farm, station, town, meeting-room等，where在从句中作地点状语。 Today we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(先行词是cases)今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的例子。 He wants to find a job where his skills can be put to good use. (先行词是job)他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。 [注意]当先行词表示抽象的地点或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于地点状语的作用时，定语从句用where引导。 知识点03 why引导的定语从句 关系副词why可代替的先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语。 We didn't know the reason why he refused our help.我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。 The mother can't accept the reason that/which the son gives for his absence from school.这位母亲不能接受儿子为没上学给出的理由。 [注意]先行词是reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定，如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1. I will never forget the day I met you. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一天。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the day，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 即时检测 The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们庆祝春节的时刻总是充满欢乐和温暖。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词the occasion，指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 易｜错｜点｜拨 定语从句中的which和when核心区别在于在定语从句中的作用。从句缺主 / 宾 → 用 which，从句主谓宾完整，只缺时间状语 → 用 when “which” “when” 所起作用 在从句里作主语 / 宾语 在从句里作时间状语 修饰名词 可以是时间名词，也有表示其他类型的物质名词 主要是时间名词 典例02 答｜题｜模｜板 （北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中）Is there a shop nearby _______ I can buy some sweets? 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：附近有没有一家我可以买糖果的商店？分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为shop，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这家商店里我可以买糖果”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 即时检测 1.（2022·全国甲卷阅读理解改编）This special building is a place in ________theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会)to do creative things. 【答案】which 【解析】分析句子结构可知，句中先行词为a place,关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where 或in which。空前已有in，故应填which。 2.He likes his teaching job ______ he gets a lot of joy and happiness so he thinks it is rewarding. 【答案】where 【解析】分析句子结构可知，句中先行词为job，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where，故应填where。 易｜错｜点｜拨 定语从句中的which和where核心区别在于在定语从句中的作用。从句缺主 / 宾 → 用 which，从句主谓宾完整，只缺地点 → 用 where “which” “where” 所起作用 在从句里作主语 / 宾语 在从句里作地点状语 修饰名词 可以是地点名词，也可以是其他物质名词 多数是地点名词，也有表示范围或者领域的物质名词 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．We live in a digital culture information spreads at an astonishing speed. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在这样一个数字化的环境中，信息的传播速度之快令人惊叹。空处引导定语从句，先行词culture，在从句作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我的父母喜欢住在一个阳光充足的小镇。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为town，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这个小镇里有充足阳光”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 3．This thing has come to a stage I am unable to deal with it by myself. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这件事已经发展到一个我无法独自处理它的阶段了。分析句子结构，“This thing has come to a stage”为主句，后面部分为定语从句，用于修饰先行词stage，在定语从句“I am unable to deal with it by myself”中，先行词stage在从句里作地点状语，相当于“in this stage”，当定语从句中先行词在从句中作地点状语时，要用关系副词where来引导从句。故填where。 4．Is there a shop nearby I can buy some sweets? 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：附近有没有一家我可以买糖果的商店？分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为shop，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这家商店里我可以买糖果”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5．Could you give me the reason you are always late for handing in your homework? 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能告诉我你交作业总是迟到的原因吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词。故填why。 6．A dilemma is a situation you have to choose between two equally unpleasant options. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“困境”指的是这样一种情况：你必须在两个同样令人不快的选择中做出抉择。定语从句修饰先行词situation，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 7．People can enter a parallel world they can change identity and forget the troubles of everyday life in “READY PLAYER ONE”, a science-fiction novel set in 2045. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在科幻小说《玩家一号》（以 2045 年为背景）中，人们可以进入一个平行世界，在这个世界里，他们可以改变身份，忘却日常生活中的烦恼。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 a parallel world，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 8．Last weekend witnessed an activity, through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants in the park, but also we learned about the environment they grow. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周末见证了一个活动，通过这个活动，我们不仅欣赏了公园里植物的美丽，而且还了解了它们生长的环境。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是environment，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 9．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们庆祝春节的时刻总是充满欢乐和温暖。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词the occasion，指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 10．The path we are walking now leads to the mountain. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在走的那条小路通向那座山。设空处引导定语从句，先行词the path，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 11．Unlike the Wikipedia article the focus is on the history of the traditional dish, this article mainly introduces its medical value. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：维基百科上的文章重点介绍了这道传统菜肴的历史，而这篇文章主要介绍了它的医学价值。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词article是抽象地点，因此空格处用where。故填where。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1. I still remember the park ______we had our first date. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 park 表示地点，从句完整，用关系副词 where 作地点状语。 2. The company was founded in 1995, ______many young people started their careers here. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 company 表示地点，非限制性定语从句，从句完整，用 where。 3. This is the reason_______ he decided to study abroad. 【答案】why 【解析】先行词 reason 表示原因，从句完整，用关系副词 why 作原因状语。 4. She graduated from Peking University, ______her mother had also studied. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 Peking University 表示地点，非限制性定语从句，从句完整，用 where。 5. The day ________we met for the first time is engraved in my memory. 【答案】when 【解析】先行词 day 表示时间，从句完整，用关系副词 when 作时间状语。 6. He missed the train, ________caused him to be late for the interview. 【答案】which 【解析】逗号后非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，用 which。 7. That is the factory ______ my father has worked for over 20 years. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 factory 表示地点，work 为不及物动词，从句完整，用 where。 8. We spent our childhood in the countryside, _____ the air was fresh and clean. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词 countryside 表示地点，非限制性定语从句，从句完整，用 where。 9. The book tells a story of the 1980s, ______ China was undergoing great changes. 【答案】when 【解析】先行词 1980s 表示时间，非限制性定语从句，从句完整，用 when。 10. The reason ______ she left home remains a mystery to everyone. 【答案】why 【解析】先行词reason，空处在定语从句she left home作原因状语，用 why。 11.（北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中） Could you give me the reason _______ you are always late for handing in your homework? 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你能告诉我你交作业总是迟到的原因吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词。故填why。 12.（北京市延庆区2024-2025高一下学期期中）I miss the days ________ I was able to hang out with my best friend. 【答案】when 【解析】考查限制性定语从句。句意：我怀念我能和我最好的朋友一起出去玩的日子。句子结构分析可知，“__ I was able to hang out with my best friend”为限制性定语从句修饰先行词the days，设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词the days，在从句中作时间状语，该定语从句用关系副词when引导。故填when。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1. My hometown is a beautiful coastal city, ___1___I was born and raised. It has a long history of over 500 years, ___2___is recorded in many ancient books. The most famous landmark is the Old Tower, ___3___was built in the Ming Dynasty. Every summer, tourists from all over the world visit the tower, ___4__ they can enjoy a panoramic view of the city. 【答案】1.where 2. which 3. which 4. where 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者美丽的海滨家乡。 【1 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 city，表示地点，从句结构完整，用关系副词 where 作地点状语。故填 where。 【2 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是前面整句话，非限制性定语从句，用关系代词 which。故填 which。 【3 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 the Old Tower，指物，在从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句用 which。故填 which。 【4 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 the tower，表示地点，从句结构完整，用关系副词 where 作地点状语。故填 where。 2. I grew up in a small neighborhood near the sea, __1__ my friends and I often played on the beach. We still remember the days __2__ we built sandcastles and chased seagulls. However, the neighborhood has changed a lot since 2010, __3__ the government started a renovation project. Now it has become a modern area with new buildings, __4__ attract many young people to live here. 【答案】1.where 2.when 3.when 4.which 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小居住的海边社区的变化。 【1 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 neighborhood，表示地点，从句结构完整，用关系副词 where 作地点状语。故填 where。 【2 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 the days，表示时间，从句结构完整，用关系副词 when 作时间状语。故填 when。 【3 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 2010，表示时间，从句结构完整，用关系副词 when 作时间状语。故填 when。 【4 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 new buildings，指物，在从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句用 which。故填 which。 3. Last year, I returned to my hometown, __1__ I hadn' t visited for five years. I was surprised by the changes, but the warmth of the people, __2__I missed most, remained the same. 【答案】1.which 2.which 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者时隔五年回到家乡的感受。 【1 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 my hometown，指物，在从句中作 visit 的宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which。故填 which。 【2 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 the warmth of the people，指事物，在从句中作 missed 的宾语，非限制性定语从句用 which。故填 which。 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $