2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册期中复习讲义 have、has 与 there be 的对比

译林版·七年级英语下册期中复习 ——have/has 与 there be 的对比 have/has 和 there be 都表示“有”，但用法不同。have/has 表示“拥有”（所属关系），主语通常是人或物；there be 表示“存在”（某地有某物/人），主语是地点。译林版七下Unit 1和Unit 3中均有涉及，期中考试常以单选、填空和改错题形式考查。本讲系统讲解两者的区别及常见错误，并通过分层练习确保学生准确掌握。 一、have / has 的基本用法 have/has 表示“某人或某物拥有……”，强调所属关系。主语通常是具体的人、动物或组织。第三人称单数主语用 has，其他人称用 have。 主语 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 I / You / We / They have don't have Do ... have? He / She / It / 单数名词 has doesn't have Does ... have? 例句：I have a new bike. / She has long hair. / They don't have any pets. / Does he have a sister? 二、there be 句型的基本用法 there be 表示“某地存在某物/人”，强调存在。be 动词的单复数由后面的第一个名词决定（就近原则）。 结构 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 There is a book. There isn't a book. Is there a book? There are + 复数名词 There are two books. There aren't any books. Are there any books? 例句：There is a garden behind my house. / There are many students in the classroom. 三、have/has 与 there be 的核心区别 项目 have/has there be 含义 “拥有”（所属关系） “存在”（某地有） 主语 通常是人、动物、组织 通常是地点（或没有实际主语） 常见结构 主语 + have/has + 宾语 There + be + 名词 + 地点状语 否定 don't have / doesn't have isn't / aren't / there be no 疑问 Do/Does + 主语 + have? Is/Are + there? 典型例句 I have a car. (我有一辆车) There is a car in the yard. (院子里有一辆车) 常见错误： • 误：There has a book on the desk. 正：There is a book on the desk. • 误：The room has a big window. 正：There is a big window in the room. (也可说 The room has a big window. 但要注意：房间“拥有”窗户在英语中有时可以接受，但考试中更强调“存在”用there be。规范用法：表示某物特征时可用have，如 The house has a red door.) • 误：I have a pen in my bag. 正：There is a pen in my bag. (强调存在，但I have a pen in my bag语法上也正确，只是更强调“我拥有”) 考试中要根据语境选择。 四、have/has 表示“某物本身具有某特征” 当主语是物时，have/has 可以表示“某物本身具有……特征”，这时不能用 there be 替换。例如：The car has four wheels. (这辆车有四个轮子) / This book has 200 pages. (这本书有200页) 五、there be 与 have 的混用禁忌 there be 和 have 不能同时出现在一个简单句中。错误：There have a book on the desk. 正确：There is a book on the desk. / I have a book. 另外，there be 的将来时是 there will be，不能写成 there will have。 📝 典型例题（答案与题目已逐题核对） 1. (单选) There ________ a lot of rain in summer here. A. have B. has C. is D. are 2. (填空) My sister ________ (have) a new computer. It's very fast. 3. (改错) There has an interesting book on the shelf. (找出错误并改正) 4. (翻译) 我们的学校有一间大图书馆。 ________________________________________________ 5. (单选) The house ________ a beautiful garden. I like it very much. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 分层实战演练 A组 · 用 have/has 或 there be 的适当形式填空 1. I ________ a new bicycle. It's red. 2. ________ a big tree in front of our house. 3. She ________ long black hair and big eyes. 4. ________ any milk in the fridge? No, there isn't. 5. Our school ________ a large playground. We often play football there. 6. ________ many people in the park on Sundays. 7. The cat ________ four legs and a long tail. 8. ________ a pen and two pencils on the desk. 9. How many students ________ in your class? 10. They ________ a big house with a swimming pool. B组 · 单项选择 1. — ________ a new bike in the room? — Yes, there is. A. Is there B. Is it C. Has there D. Does there have 2. My father ________ a new car. He drives it to work every day. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 3. ________ any water in the bottle? Let me see. A. Have B. Has C. Is there D. Are there 4. The desk ________ four legs. They are made of wood. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 5. There ________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. has 6. They ________ a beautiful garden behind their house. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 7. ________ many apples on the tree. Let's pick some. A. There have B. There has C. There is D. There are 8. She doesn't ________ a pet dog, but she wants one. A. has B. have C. there is D. there are C组 · 句型转换 1. There is a computer on the desk. (改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 2. She has a beautiful dress. (改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________ 3. They have a big house. (改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 4. There are some birds in the tree. (改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________ 5. The classroom has twenty desks. (改为 there be 句型) ________________________________________________ D组 · 根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我姐姐有一个可爱的玩具熊。 My sister ________ a lovely teddy bear. 2. 桌子上有两本书和一支笔。 ________ two books and a pen on the desk. 3. 你们学校有图书馆吗？ ________ a library in your school? 4. 这辆车有四个轮子。 The car ________ four wheels. 5. 教室里没有学生。 ________ any students in the classroom. E组 · 改错（每句只有一处错误，找出并改正） 1. There have a lot of flowers in the garden. 2. She doesn't has any brothers. 3. There is going to have a concert next week. 4. Do there any apples on the tree? 5. My parents has a new car. 参考答案 典型例题： 1. C 2. has 3. There has → There is 4. There is a big library in our school. / Our school has a big library. 5. B A组填空： 1. have 2. There is 3. has 4. Is there 5. has 6. There are 7. has 8. There is 9. are there 10. have B组单选： 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B C组句型转换： 1. There isn't a computer on the desk. 2. Does she have a beautiful dress? 3. They don't have a big house. 4. Are there any birds in the tree? 5. There are twenty desks in the classroom. D组完成句子： 1. has 2. There are 3. Is there 4. has 5. There aren't E组改错： 1. There have → There are 2. doesn't has → doesn't have 3. going to have → going to be 4. Do there → Are there 5. has → have 2/2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $