专题08 非谓语动词（复习讲义）（广东专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题08 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动词的-ing形式 考点三 动词的-ed形式 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从近5年广东中考题可知，动词的不定式是语法选择的必考题。 热考角度 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 不定式作宾语 语法选择 5年2考 ①2025年（1分）：to work ②2023年（1分）：to leave 不定式做宾语补足语 语法选择 5年1考 2022年（1分）：to make 不定式作目的状语 语法选择 5年2考 ①2024年（1分）：to buy ②2021年（1分）：to enjoy 命题预测 广东中考主语考查不定式作宾语、不定式作宾语补足语和不定式作目的状语。考生备考要重视不定式的用法，并且注意积累含不定式的固定搭配。 1．（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）They aren’t dangerous, so I decided it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. （不定式作宾语） A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 2.（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）After finishing college, she decided in a restaurant. （不定式作宾语） A．work B．working C．to work 3.（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）When he has saved enough money, Peter goes to the bookstores great books and donates them to children in need. （不定式作目的状语） A．buy B．to buy C．bought 4.（2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）“Now we are trying our best the penguin eggs. Do you want to help me?” Dad asked. （不定式作宾语） A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 5.（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择） “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need the earth,” he said. （不定式作宾语） A．leave B．leaving C．to leave 考点一 动词不定式 核心一 动词不定式的构成 肯定形式： to +动词原形 否定形式： not to +动词原形 核心二 动词不定式的基本用法 1、作宾语 ①动词＋to do sth. 常考词汇：afford 承担得起（后果），agree同意，ask要求，choose选择，decide 决定，expect期望，hope希望，manage完成（困难的事），offer 主动提出，plan计划，prepare准备，promise承诺，refuse拒好像，want想要，wish希望绝，seem好像，want想要，wish希望 例句：Unluckily,he refused to tell me what happened. ②it 作形式宾语，将不定式（真正的宾语）后置 常考词汇：consider 考虑，feel感觉，find发现，make使得，think认为 例句：I find it difficult to get along with him. 2、作宾语补足语 宾语＋宾补（即动词＋sb.＋to do sth.) 常考词汇：advise 建议，allow 允许，ask要求，encourage 鼓励，expect期待，invite 邀请，order命令，teach教，tell告诉，warn警告，want想要，wish希望 例句：The teacher told us to do morning exercise. （1）动词不定式可以和what，which，how，where，when等疑问词连用。 （2）有些感官动词（hear，see，watch，feel，notice等）和使役动词（let，make，have）后接动词不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定式可省略to；若为被动语态，to要保留。 如：I often see him run on the road.（主动语态）我经常看见他在马路上跑步。 He is often seen to run on the road.（被动语态）他经常被看到在马路上跑步。 考点二 动词的-ing形式 作主语 谓语动词用单数 作宾语 动词/介词+ V.ing 作宾语补足语 see/watch/hear/notice/keep/find/... +sb./sth.＋v.-ing，表示动作正在进行或持续发生 作状语 表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，句中的主语与v.-ing形式之间存在逻辑上的主动关系 作表语 说明主语的内容或特征 作定语 常位于名词前修饰名词，表示主动或进行中的动作。如：a sleeping baby 常见的后接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） ①avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ②enjoy/like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ③finish doing sth. 完成做某事 ④keep doing sth.坚持做某事 ⑤mind doing sth.介意做某事 ⑥consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ⑦practice doing sth.练习做某事 ⑧suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 ⑨can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事 ⑩feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ⑪pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ⑫be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 ⑬be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 ⑭be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 ⑮look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 ⑯give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 ⑰succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 ⑱have difficulty（in） doing sth.做某事有困难 ⑲prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 ⑳spend...（in）doing sth. 花费......做某事 ㉑prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事更喜欢做某事 有些动词（短语）后既可用不定式作宾语，又可用v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义差别较大 常见的这类动词有： try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.努力/设法做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） remember to do sth.记得要去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事（未做） continue doing sth.继续做同一件事（未完成） continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事（已经完成一件事） 考点三 动词的-ed形式 作定语 前置定语（单个-ed分词） 如：boiled water 后置定语（分词短语） 如：the game held in our school 作表语 表示主语的状态 如： The bike is broken. 作宾语补足语 get/have/find/...＋名词/代词+ v .-ed形式，表示被动或完成 如：get the bike repaired 作状语 表示原因、条件、时间、让步等，句中的主语与v.-ed形式之间存在逻辑上的被动关系 如：Deeply moved by the story, they cried. 一、单项选择 1．The factory produced many famous cars, none of ________ shipped to foreign countries. A．them B．which C．it D．what 2．She was ______ by the unexpected gift. A．surprised B．surprises C．surprising D．surprise 3．My robot has caught a virus and I need to have it __________. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 4．Before we get ________, please look at the rules first. A．start B．to start C．started D．starting 5．This girl ________ Lily is good at playing the piano and singing. A．called B．calling C．call                   D．calls 6．Dad had me ________ in the corner for half an hour because I had a fight with my little brother. A．to stand B．stands C．standing D．stand 7．I saw a little girl ________ beautiful paper cranes under the old tree near our school just now. A．fold B．to fold C．folding D．folded 8．When I passed by, I noticed an old woman ________ under a street lamp. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 9．I saw some children ______ on the playground when I passed by. A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 10．The strong wind blew down many trees, ________ many cars on the street. A．hitting B．hit C．to hit D．hits 11．When I walked past the reading room, I saw a little girl ________ a storybook quietly without making any noise. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 12．These signs help people ________ about cave safety, and people may risk ________ their lives if they ignore them. A．learning; losing B．learn; lose C．learn; losing D．learning; lose 13．She has trouble ________ English grammar. A．learn B．to learn C．in learning D．of learning 14．He is good at ________ rules, so he never breaks them. A．obey B．obeys C．obeying D．to obey 15．________ is very important in a team. A．Communicate B．Communicating C．Communicated D．Communicates 16．The boy who didn’t hand in his book report yesterday is having difficulty ________ a creative ending for his novel. A．to write B．write C．writing D．wrote 17．This digital tour program is so wonderful that it is well worth ________ again with your family members. A．watching B．watch C．to watch D．watched 18．If you want to learn English well, you should keep practising ________ English articles every day. A．reads B．to read C．read D．reading 19．You should get up early and avoid ________ late for school. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 20．She is used to ________ a walk after dinner every day. A．take B．taking C．took D．takes 21．________ good habits can make our life better. A．Have B．Has C．Having D．Had 22．Many people enjoy ________ outdoor activities at weekends. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 23．He regrets ________ lies to his teacher yesterday. A．tell B．to tell C．telling D．told 24．I’m looking forward to ________ the art show. A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 25．He kept ________ for the old man at the station. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 26．Don’t put off ________ to the old people’s home. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 27．We can’t help ________ when we see the sad story. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 28．—Thank you for ________ me director of our class drama. —It’s my pleasure. I believe you can do well. A．make B．making C．to make D．made 29．His parents don’t allow him ________ out alone at night. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 30．It’s not easy for us ________ study and hobbies. A．balance B．to balance C．balancing D．balanced 31．The students volunteered ________ up the park last weekend. A．clean B．cleaning C．to clean D．cleaned 32．My mother often asks me ________ care of my little sister. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 33．We should offer ________ poor children some books and clothes. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 34．They plan ________ a charity sale to help homeless people. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 35．She is ready ________ others at any time. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 36．—I can’t decide ________ first, the storybook or the science-fiction book. —You can read the shorter one first. A．which to read B．how to read C．where to get D．when to start 37．—Could you tell me ________ to return the books to the library? —In two weeks. A．how long B．how often C．when D．how 38．The guide warned the tourists ________ alone in the forest at night. A．don’t go B．to go C．not to go D．not go 39．Why not ________ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A．getting B．got C．get D．to get 40．My teacher encouraged me ________ up speaking English. A．not give B．not to give C．to not give D．not giving 41．________ start with, I want to tell you an important thing. A．To B．Of C．From D．About 42．The book ________ by Mo Yan is worth ________. A．written; reading B．wrote; to read C．writing; reading D．written; to read 43．— Jim, your hair is too long. — OK, Mom. I’ll get it _______ tomorrow. A．cuts B．cutted C．cut D．cutting 44．We must act quickly to save the people ________ in the flood. A．catch B．caught C．catching D．to catch 45．When I wake up on Sundays, my sister lies in bed, ________ messages on her phone. A．is reading B．reading C．read D．to read 46．There ________ a boy ________ under the tree. A．seems; lying B．seem being; lying C．seems to be; lies D．seems to be; lying 47．The students practice on the field, ________ for the school sports meeting that will ________ next week. A．preparing; happen B．prepare; happen C．preparing; take place D．prepare; take place 48．My grandparents prefer ________ around the lake ________ themselves up after dinner. A．to walk, to cheer B．to walk, to cheering C．walking, to cheering D．walking, to cheer 49．________ no bus, we had to walk all the way to the museum. A．There was B．There being C．Being D．It being 50．________ with the past, the speed of trains has improved ________ over the years. A．comparing; normally B．comparing; differently C．compared; smoothly D．compared; greatly 二、单词拼写 1．It’s fun ___________(look) after animals here. 2．My mother likes ________ (fry) food. 3．The publishing house finally decided to get this fiction ________ (publish) first. 4．If you have a cold, you should drink lots of ________ (boil) water. 5．Several years after we got ___________, I met my friend Mike by chance while traveling in Paris. 6．To improve my ________ (speak) English, I decide to practice speaking English every day. 7．We often see our teachers ________ (work) in the office after class. 8．When ________ (hide) from a tornado, you should stay away from windows. 9．I want to thank you for ________ (be) my maths teacher. 10．Larry finds it hard ________ (make) friends. He’s afraid to talk to others. 11．It’s normal ________ (get) mad at others from time to time. 12．Why is it difficult ________ (climb) Qomolangma? 13．Online tours help us ________ (learn) about different cultures. 14．We should take action ___________ (protect) the pandas. 15．We must stop people from ________ (hunt) wild animals. 16．They were happy ________ (meet) a fan from a different country. 17．The topic is how ___________ (sign) up as a volunteer. 18．The young girls are willing ___________(help) the people around them. 19．________ (dress) in a school uniform, the students looked neat and tidy. 20．There is a group of classmates ___________ (discuss) a project in the classroom. 三、语法选择 My name is Paul and I have a little sister whose name is Bella. Bella is 1 third-grade student. She always does something that would surprise us. This week was really exciting for her. She had a science class and 2 about many animals that can run, fly, swim, and move. When the teacher asked who wanted to share something about animals the next day, Bella 3 raised her hand and she was happy to share. She was very interested in elephants and worried they might be in danger. Sometimes, elephants 4 by people. She wanted to tell everyone about elephants and ask them to care about elephants. After school, Bella hurried home and told our parents she was going to give a report about elephants. “Elephants are huge,” Dad said. “And their tusks (象牙) are so long!” Mom added. “Do you think we’ll need a 5 house for elephants?” They joked. Bella laughed happily and said, “Elephants 6 perfect, but there’s one problem. I need to build an elephant first.” Bella went to her room and closed the door. She started building an African elephant model 7 wood, paper, glue, and paints. She decided 8 it carefully. She worked all afternoon and evening. When the elephant was finished, she made a big chart (图表) with elephant facts too. Finally, Bella shouted, “It’s ready!” She looked at her elephant model and the fact chart, feeling happy and proud of 9 . She was ready to share 10 with her class tomorrow. She thought it would be a big success. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．learn B．learned C．is learning D．was learning 3．A．slow B．slowly C．quick D．quickly 4．A．hunt B．hunted C．are hunted D．is hunted 5．A．bigger B．biggest C．smaller D．smallest 6．A．am B．is C．are D．be 7．A．with B．in C．by D．for 8．A．buy B．to buy C．build D．to build 9．A．her B．herself C．me D．myself 10．A．where did she make B．where she made C．what did she make D．what she made 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动词的-ing形式 考点三 动词的-ed形式 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从近5年广东中考题可知，动词的不定式是语法选择的必考题。 热考角度 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 不定式作宾语 语法选择 5年2考 ①2025年（1分）：to work ②2023年（1分）：to leave 不定式做宾语补足语 语法选择 5年1考 2022年（1分）：to make 不定式作目的状语 语法选择 5年2考 ①2024年（1分）：to buy ②2021年（1分）：to enjoy 命题预测 广东中考主语考查不定式作宾语、不定式作宾语补足语和不定式作目的状语。考生备考要重视不定式的用法，并且注意积累含不定式的固定搭配。 1．（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）They aren’t dangerous, so I decided it quietly. Then it slowly swam away. （不定式作宾语） A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched 【答案】C 【解析】句意：它们并不危险，所以我决定静静地观察它。 watch观看，动词原形；watching现在分词；to watch动词不定式；watched过去式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式to watch。故选C。 2.（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）After finishing college, she decided in a restaurant. （不定式作宾语） A．work B．working C．to work 【答案】C 【解析】句意：大学毕业后，她决定在一家餐馆工作。 work工作，动词原形；working工作，动名词或现在分词；to work工作，动词不定式。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 3.（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）When he has saved enough money, Peter goes to the bookstores great books and donates them to children in need. （不定式作目的状语） A．buy B．to buy C．bought 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当他存了足够的钱，彼得去书店买好书，并把它们捐给有需要的孩子。 buy动词原形；to buy动词不定式；bought动词过去式。此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式，故选B。 4.（2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）“Now we are trying our best the penguin eggs. Do you want to help me?” Dad asked. （不定式作宾语） A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在我们正在尽最大努力保护企鹅蛋。 protect 保护，动词原形；to protect 保护，不定式；protecting 保护，现在分词/动名词；protected 保护，过去式/过去分词。try one’s best to do sth“尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式。故选B。 5.（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择） “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need the earth,” he said. （不定式作宾语） A．leave B．leaving C．to leave 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在太空营里，我感觉自己就像一个真正的宇航员，我甚至不需要离开地球。 leave离开，动词原形；leaving现在分词/动名词；to leave动词不定式。根据“don’t”可知，此处need是实义动词，后接动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 考点一 动词不定式 核心一 动词不定式的构成 肯定形式： to +动词原形 否定形式： not to +动词原形 核心二 动词不定式的基本用法 1、作宾语 ①动词＋to do sth. 常考词汇：afford 承担得起（后果），agree同意，ask要求，choose选择，decide 决定，expect期望，hope希望，manage完成（困难的事），offer 主动提出，plan计划，prepare准备，promise承诺，refuse拒好像，want想要，wish希望绝，seem好像，want想要，wish希望 例句：Unluckily,he refused to tell me what happened. ②it 作形式宾语，将不定式（真正的宾语）后置 常考词汇：consider 考虑，feel感觉，find发现，make使得，think认为 例句：I find it difficult to get along with him. 2、作宾语补足语 宾语＋宾补（即动词＋sb.＋to do sth.) 常考词汇：advise 建议，allow 允许，ask要求，encourage 鼓励，expect期待，invite 邀请，order命令，teach教，tell告诉，warn警告，want想要，wish希望 例句：The teacher told us to do morning exercise. （1）动词不定式可以和what，which，how，where，when等疑问词连用。 （2）有些感官动词（hear，see，watch，feel，notice等）和使役动词（let，make，have）后接动词不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定式可省略to；若为被动语态，to要保留。 如：I often see him run on the road.（主动语态）我经常看见他在马路上跑步。 He is often seen to run on the road.（被动语态）他经常被看到在马路上跑步。 考点二 动词的-ing形式 作主语 谓语动词用单数 作宾语 动词/介词+ V.ing 作宾语补足语 see/watch/hear/notice/keep/find/... +sb./sth.＋v.-ing，表示动作正在进行或持续发生 作状语 表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，句中的主语与v.-ing形式之间存在逻辑上的主动关系 作表语 说明主语的内容或特征 作定语 常位于名词前修饰名词，表示主动或进行中的动作。如：a sleeping baby 常见的后接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） ①avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ②enjoy/like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ③finish doing sth. 完成做某事 ④keep doing sth.坚持做某事 ⑤mind doing sth.介意做某事 ⑥consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ⑦practice doing sth.练习做某事 ⑧suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 ⑨can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事 ⑩feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ⑪pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ⑫be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 ⑬be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 ⑭be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 ⑮look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 ⑯give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 ⑰succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 ⑱have difficulty（in） doing sth.做某事有困难 ⑲prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 ⑳spend...（in）doing sth. 花费......做某事 ㉑prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事更喜欢做某事 有些动词（短语）后既可用不定式作宾语，又可用v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义差别较大 常见的这类动词有： try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.努力/设法做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） remember to do sth.记得要去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事（未做） continue doing sth.继续做同一件事（未完成） continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事（已经完成一件事） 考点三 动词的-ed形式 作定语 前置定语（单个-ed分词） 如：boiled water 后置定语（分词短语） 如：the game held in our school 作表语 表示主语的状态 如： The bike is broken. 作宾语补足语 get/have/find/...＋名词/代词+ v .-ed形式，表示被动或完成 如：get the bike repaired 作状语 表示原因、条件、时间、让步等，句中的主语与v.-ed形式之间存在逻辑上的被动关系 如：Deeply moved by the story, they cried. 一、单项选择 1．The factory produced many famous cars, none of ________ shipped to foreign countries. A．them B．which C．it D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这家工厂生产了许多著名汽车，但没有一辆被运往国外。 考查独立主格。them代词，指代可数名词复数；which可引导定语从句，指代物；it代词，指代单数或不可数名词；what疑问代词，不能指代前文名词。根据“shipped to foreign countries”可知，后半句非完整的一句话，为独立主格结构，不是定语从句，空处填代词指代前面的可数名词复数“cars”。故选A。 2．She was ______ by the unexpected gift. A．surprised B．surprises C．surprising D．surprise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这份意外的礼物让她感到惊讶。 考查过去分词作表语。surprised感到惊讶的；surprises使惊讶，动词第三人称单数；surprising令人惊讶的；surprise使惊讶，动词原形或名词。根据句意，主语“She”与动词之间是被动关系，句子为一般过去时，需用过去分词形式“surprised”作表语，表示“感到惊讶”。故选A。 3．My robot has caught a virus and I need to have it __________. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的机器人中病毒了，我需要让人检查一下它。 have sth. done是固定结构，表示“让某事被做（由别人完成）”，此处指让机器人被检查，应填过去分词checked。 4．Before we get ________, please look at the rules first. A．start B．to start C．started D．starting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我们开始之前，请先看一下规则。 start动词原形；to start动词不定式；started过去分词；starting动名词。固定短语get started意为“开始，着手”，符合语境。 5．This girl ________ Lily is good at playing the piano and singing. A．called B．calling C．call                   D．calls 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个叫莉莉的女孩擅长弹钢琴和唱歌。 主语This girl与动词call之间是被动关系，表示“被叫做”，应用过去分词called作后置定语。 6．Dad had me ________ in the corner for half an hour because I had a fight with my little brother. A．to stand B．stands C．standing D．stand 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爸爸让我在墙角站了半个小时，因为我和弟弟打架了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“had me...in the corner for half an hour”可知，此处是have sb. doing sth.“让某人持续做某事”，所以使用现在分词standing作宾语补足语。故选C。 7．I saw a little girl ________ beautiful paper cranes under the old tree near our school just now. A．fold B．to fold C．folding D．folded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我刚才看见一个小女孩在我们学校附近的老树下正在折美丽的纸鹤。 fold折；to fold去折；folding折，现在分词/动名词；folded折，过去式/过去分词。根据“I saw a little girl…beautiful paper cranes under the old tree near our school just now.”可知，see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作全过程。根据“just now”及场景描述，此处侧重看见时动作正在发生。应填folding。 8．When I passed by, I noticed an old woman ________ under a street lamp. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我经过时，我注意到一位老妇人正在路灯下哭泣。 notice sb. doing sth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；notice sb. do sth.意为“注意到某人做了某事”。根据“When I passed by”可知，此处强调的是经过那一刻正在发生的动作，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。应填crying。 9．I saw some children ______ on the playground when I passed by. A．play B．to play C．playing D．played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我经过的时候，我看到一些孩子正在操场上玩。 根据“when I passed by”可知，此处强调一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，所以用see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，固定用法，所以空处用现在分词playing作宾语补足语。 10．The strong wind blew down many trees, ________ many cars on the street. A．hitting B．hit C．to hit D．hits 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大风吹倒了很多树，砸到了街上的许多车。 句子中有谓语动词“blew”，且逗号后无连词，不存在从句，不能再用谓语动词，排除BD。此处表示前一个动作带来的自然结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。不定式常用来表目的和做动词的宾语，排除C。应选hitting。 11．When I walked past the reading room, I saw a little girl ________ a storybook quietly without making any noise. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我走过阅览室时，我看见一个小女孩正在安静地看故事书，没有发出任何声音。see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做了某事”。根据“When I walked past...”可知是路过时看见女孩正在看故事书的动作，所以用reading。 12．These signs help people ________ about cave safety, and people may risk ________ their lives if they ignore them. A．learning; losing B．learn; lose C．learn; losing D．learning; lose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些标识帮助人们了解洞穴安全知识，如果忽视它们，人们可能会冒着失去生命的危险。 固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，因此第一空应用动词原形learn；固定搭配risk doing sth.意为“冒险做某事”，因此第二空应用动名词losing。 13．She has trouble ________ English grammar. A．learn B．to learn C．in learning D．of learning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她在学习英语语法方面有困难。 learn学习，动词原形；to learn学习，动词不定式；in learning学习，介词in加动名词；of learning与介词of搭配错误。固定句型，have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”，其中介词in可以省略，后面接动词的-ing形式。根据语法规则，此处应用in learning或learning，选项中只有C项符合。 14．He is good at ________ rules, so he never breaks them. A．obey B．obeys C．obeying D．to obey 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他擅长遵守规则，所以他从不违反它们。 be good at意为“擅长于”，at是介词，后接动词时要用动名词形式obeying。 15．________ is very important in a team. A．Communicate B．Communicating C．Communicated D．Communicates 【答案】B 【详解】句意：交流在一个团队中非常重要。 Communicate交流，动词原形；Communicating交流，动名词形式；Communicated交流，过去式；Communicates交流，第三人称单数形式。空格处位于句首作主语，动名词Communicating可作主语。 16．The boy who didn’t hand in his book report yesterday is having difficulty ________ a creative ending for his novel. A．to write B．write C．writing D．wrote 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天没交读书报告的那个男孩在为他的小说写一个创造性的结尾方面有困难。 固定短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，介词in常省略，后接动名词作宾语，应填writing。 17．This digital tour program is so wonderful that it is well worth ________ again with your family members. A．watching B．watch C．to watch D．watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个数字旅游项目太精彩了，非常值得和你的家人再次观看。 固定搭配be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，应用动名词形式watching。 18．If you want to learn English well, you should keep practising ________ English articles every day. A．reads B．to read C．read D．reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想学好英语，你应该坚持每天练习读英语文章。 practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，固定搭配，应用动名词形式reading。 19．You should get up early and avoid ________ late for school. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该早起，避免上学迟到。 be是。固定搭配avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语，且be late for是固定短语表示“迟到”，因此用being符合语法要求。 20．She is used to ________ a walk after dinner every day. A．take B．taking C．took D．takes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她习惯每天晚饭后散步。 固定搭配be used to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”，动名词作宾语。 21．________ good habits can make our life better. A．Have B．Has C．Having D．Had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：拥有好习惯能让我们的生活变得更好。 Have有；Has（第三人称单数）有；Having（动名词/现在分词）有；Had（过去式/过去分词）有。分析句子结构可知，此处需要动名词短语作主语，表示“拥有好习惯”这一行为，动名词作主语符合语法结构，Having符合要求。 22．Many people enjoy ________ outdoor activities at weekends. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多人喜欢在周末做户外活动。 do做，动词原形；to do去做，动词不定式；doing做，现在分词；did做，动词过去式。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，doing符合语法要求。 23．He regrets ________ lies to his teacher yesterday. A．tell B．to tell C．telling D．told 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他后悔昨天对他的老师说了谎。 regret doing sth.表示“后悔做过某事”，指动作已经发生；regret to do sth.表示“遗憾要做某事”，指动作尚未发生。根据句中时间状语“yesterday”可知，说谎的动作已经发生，应用动名词形式，应填telling。 24．I’m looking forward to ________ the art show. A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我期待着参观艺术展。looking forward to 意为“期待做某事”，其中 to 是介词，后需接动名词，“visit”的动名词形式是“visiting”。 25．He kept ________ for the old man at the station. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他一直在车站等那位老人。 wait意思是“等”。固定搭配keep doing sth.表示“持续/一直做某事”，这里需要用动名词形式，waiting符合语法和语境。 26．Don’t put off ________ to the old people’s home. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要推迟去老人之家。 固定搭配put off doing sth.，表示“推迟做某事”，所以应用going。 27．We can’t help ________ when we see the sad story. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们看到这个悲伤的故事时，我们忍不住哭了。 固定短语 can’t help doing sth. 意为“禁不住做某事”，后接动名词形式。cry“哭”的动名词形式是“crying”。 28．—Thank you for ________ me director of our class drama. —It’s my pleasure. I believe you can do well. A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谢谢你让我担任我们班戏剧的导演。——这是我的荣幸。我相信你能做得很好。 根据“Thank you for”可知，此处是“thank you for doing sth.”的结构，意为“因为……而感谢你”，for是介词，后接动名词作宾语。应填making。 29．His parents don’t allow him ________ out alone at night. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的父母不允许他晚上独自出去。 固定搭配allow sb. to do sth. 表示“允许某人做某事”，allow后接宾语him，后面应接动词不定式。 30．It’s not easy for us ________ study and hobbies. A．balance B．to balance C．balancing D．balanced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于我们来说，在学习和爱好之间取得平衡是不容易的。 根据“It’s not easy for us...”可知，此处考查固定句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+ to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语，空处应填动词不定式。 31．The students volunteered ________ up the park last weekend. A．clean B．cleaning C．to clean D．cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末学生们自愿去打扫公园。 volunteer to do sth.，表示“自愿做某事”，所以应用动词不定式to clean。 32．My mother often asks me ________ care of my little sister. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常让我照顾我的小妹妹。 ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”是固定搭配，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。应填to take。 33．We should offer ________ poor children some books and clothes. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该主动给贫困儿童一些书和衣服。 offer to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”，需用动词不定式；give是动词原形，giving是动名词，gave是过去式，均不符合该固定搭配的用法。 34．They plan ________ a charity sale to help homeless people. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们计划举办一场慈善义卖来帮助无家可归的人。 plan to do sth.“计划做某事”是固定搭配，此处用动词不定式to have。 35．She is ready ________ others at any time. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她随时准备好帮助别人。 be ready to do sth.固定搭配，意为“准备好做某事”，需用动词不定式。 36．—I can’t decide ________ first, the storybook or the science-fiction book. —You can read the shorter one first. A．which to read B．how to read C．where to get D．when to start 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我无法决定先读哪本，是故事书还是科幻小说。——你可以先读较短的那本。 which to read读哪一本；how to read怎么样读；where to get缺少宾语；when to start何时开始。根据“the storybook or the science-fiction book”可知，是在两本书之间做选择，表示“哪一个”应用which，构成“which to read”结构作decide的宾语。应填which to read。 37．—Could you tell me ________ to return the books to the library? —In two weeks. A．how long B．how often C．when D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我什么时候把书还回图书馆吗？——两周后。 how long多长（提问时长或长度）；how often多久一次（提问频率）；when什么时候（提问时间）；how如何（提问方式）。答语“In two weeks.”表示将来的时间，when用于询问时间，符合语境。 38．The guide warned the tourists ________ alone in the forest at night. A．don’t go B．to go C．not to go D．not go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：导游警告游客晚上不要独自去森林。 固定搭配warn sb. (not) to do sth. “警告某人（不要）做某事”。根据语境可知是警告不要独自去森林，不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not。 39．Why not ________ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A．getting B．got C．get D．to get 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为什么不骑自行车绕城镇逛逛呢？这是忙碌一天后放松的好方法。Why not后接动词原形表示建议，意为“为什么不做某事”。 40．My teacher encouraged me ________ up speaking English. A．not give B．not to give C．to not give D．not giving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师鼓励我不要放弃说英语。 encourage sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“鼓励某人不要做某事”，应填not to give。 41．________ start with, I want to tell you an important thing. A．To B．Of C．From D．About 【答案】A 【详解】句意：首先，我想告诉你一件重要的事情。 考查动词不定式的独立主格结构。To朝，到某处，动词不定式符号；Of……的；From自，从；About关于。根据“…start with”可知，此处考查to start with“开始，首先”，固定搭配。故选A。 42．The book ________ by Mo Yan is worth ________. A．written; reading B．wrote; to read C．writing; reading D．written; to read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莫言写的那本书值得一读。 第一空，book与动词write之间是被动关系，应用过去分词written作后置定语；第二空，be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，应用reading。 43．— Jim, your hair is too long. — OK, Mom. I’ll get it _______ tomorrow. A．cuts B．cutted C．cut D．cutting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你的头发太长了。——好的，妈妈。我明天去把它剪了。 get sth. done为固定结构，意为“让某事被做”，此处应用过去分词作宾语补足语，cut符合语境。 44．We must act quickly to save the people ________ in the flood. A．catch B．caught C．catching D．to catch 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们必须迅速行动去拯救那些被困在洪水里的人。 catch抓住；caught被困住/抓住；catching正在抓住；to catch去抓住。句中people与catch之间是被动关系，表示“被困在洪水里的人”，应用过去分词caught作后置定语修饰people。应填caught。 45．When I wake up on Sundays, my sister lies in bed, ________ messages on her phone. A．is reading B．reading C．read D．to read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我周日醒来时，我的妹妹躺在床上，正在用手机看信息。 is reading正在看，现在进行时态；reading看着，现在分词；read看，动词原形；to read看，不定式形式。现在分词作伴随状语，表示主句动作发生时，另一个动作在同时进行。 46．There ________ a boy ________ under the tree. A．seems; lying B．seem being; lying C．seems to be; lies D．seems to be; lying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：树下似乎躺着一个男孩。 第一空，表示“似乎有”常用固定结构“There seems to be”，且后接名词a boy为单数，故用seems to be；第二空，句子已有谓语，此处用现在分词lying作后置定语修饰a boy，表示主动状态，而lies为谓语动词形式，不符合句法结构。应填seems to be; lying。 47．The students practice on the field, ________ for the school sports meeting that will ________ next week. A．preparing; happen B．prepare; happen C．preparing; take place D．prepare; take place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们在操场上练习，为下周将要举行的校运动会做准备。 happen偶然发生；take place有计划的发生。句中已有谓语动词practice，第一空应用现在分词preparing作伴随状语；关系代词that指运动会，第二空用take place表示“举行”运动会。 48．My grandparents prefer ________ around the lake ________ themselves up after dinner. A．to walk, to cheer B．to walk, to cheering C．walking, to cheering D．walking, to cheer 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的祖父母更喜欢晚饭后在湖边散步来让自己。 动词prefer后接动名词（doing）作宾语，表示 “更喜欢做某事”，是一种长期的、习惯性的偏好。prefer to do则常用于特定场合下的 “更愿意做某事”。本句描述的是祖父母晚饭后的习惯性行为，因此第一空用walking；晚饭后绕着湖散步是为了让自己振作精神，所以第二空用不定式to cheer表目的。 49．________ no bus, we had to walk all the way to the museum. A．There was B．There being C．Being D．It being 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为没有公交车，我们不得不一路走到博物馆。 考查独立主格结构。该句逗号前后没有连词连接，且后半句“we had to walk...”结构完整。因此，前半部分应用非谓语动词形式作状语，表示原因，“没有公交车”需使用“there be”句型的存在形式，其独立主格结构为There being。故选B。 50．________ with the past, the speed of trains has improved ________ over the years. A．comparing; normally B．comparing; differently C．compared; smoothly D．compared; greatly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：与过去相比，火车的速度在这些年里已经极大地提高了。 考查非谓语动词和副词辨析。第一空：compare与主语“the speed of trains”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词compared，构成“compared with...”固定搭配，意为“与……相比”。第二空：四个选项依次为normally正常地；differently不同地；smoothly平稳地；greatly极大地。根据句意，强调速度提升的程度之大，应选greatly。故选D。 二、单词拼写 1．It’s fun ___________(look) after animals here. 【答案】to look 【详解】句意：在这里照顾动物很有趣。本句为固定句型It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式，故填to look。 2．My mother likes ________ (fry) food. 【答案】fried 【详解】句意：我妈妈喜欢油炸食品。分析句子结构可知，空格位于名词food之前，在句中作定语，需用形容词形式。此处指“油炸的”食品，应用fry的过去分词形式fried作定语。以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变过去分词需变y为i再加-ed，即fried。 3．The publishing house finally decided to get this fiction ________ (publish) first. 【答案】published 【详解】句意：出版社最终决定先出版这本小说。根据“get this fiction”提示，get sth. done“使某事被做”，过去分词作宾语补足语。publish的过去分词是published。 4．If you have a cold, you should drink lots of ________ (boil) water. 【答案】boiled 【详解】句意：如果你感冒了，你应该多喝开水。空处用过去分词boiled，修饰名词water，boiled water表示“开水”，符合感冒了多喝开水的语境。 5．Several years after we got ___________, I met my friend Mike by chance while traveling in Paris. 【答案】separated 【详解】句意：我们分开几年后，我在巴黎旅行时偶然遇到了我的朋友迈克。get separated为固定搭配，意为“分开”，此处用过去分词作表语。 6．To improve my ________ (speak) English, I decide to practice speaking English every day. 【答案】spoken 【详解】句意：为了提高我的英语口语，我决定每天练习说英语。此处需要修饰名词English，spoken English是固定搭配，意为英语口语，应用给定单词speak的形容词形式spoken。 7．We often see our teachers ________ (work) in the office after class. 【答案】working 【详解】句意：我们经常看到老师课后在办公室工作。work“工作”，是动词。see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，所以此处要用work的现在分词形式working。 8．When ________ (hide) from a tornado, you should stay away from windows. 【答案】hiding 【详解】句意：当躲避龙卷风时，你应该远离窗户。when引导的时间状语从句中，若主从句主语一致，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，用现在分词作状语，表示主动的动作；hide的现在分词形式为hiding。 9．I want to thank you for ________ (be) my maths teacher. 【答案】being 【详解】句意：我想感谢你当我的数学老师。thank sb for doing sth表示“因做某事而感谢某人”，for是介词，后接动词时应用动名词形式，所以be要变为being。 10．Larry finds it hard ________ (make) friends. He’s afraid to talk to others. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：拉里觉得交朋友很难，他害怕和别人说话。“find it+形容词+to do sth.”是固定结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，因此用to make，符合句子逻辑及语境。 11．It’s normal ________ (get) mad at others from time to time. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：时不时地对别人生气是很正常的。固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth”表示“做某事是……的”，空处需用不定式作主语，get的不定式为to get。 12．Why is it difficult ________ (climb) Qomolangma? 【答案】to climb 【详解】句意：为什么攀登珠穆朗玛峰很困难？“It is + adj. + to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此处应用to climb。 13．Online tours help us ________ (learn) about different cultures. 【答案】learn 【详解】句意：在线游览帮助我们了解不同的文化。句中包含固定搭配 help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，其中to可以省略。因此动词learn用原形。 14．We should take action ___________ (protect) the pandas. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该采取行动保护大熊猫。protect“保护”，固定搭配take action to do sth.，意为“采取行动做某事”，需用动词不定式形式。 15．We must stop people from ________ (hunt) wild animals. 【答案】hunting 【详解】句意：我们必须阻止人们猎杀野生动物。句中“from”为介词，后面需要接名词或动名词作宾语。因此，空格处应将动词hunt转换为动名词形式。hunt的动名词形式为hunting，意为“猎杀”，符合句意。 16．They were happy ________ (meet) a fan from a different country. 【答案】to meet 【详解】句意：他们很高兴遇到一位来自异国的粉丝。be happy to do sth“开心做某事”，此处需要用不定式to meet。 17．The topic is how ___________ (sign) up as a volunteer. 【答案】to sign 【详解】句意：主题是如何报名成为一名志愿者。本句为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作表语，how后接动词不定式，故填to sign。 18．The young girls are willing ___________(help) the people around them. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：这些年轻女孩愿意帮助身边的人。“be willing to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“愿意做某事”，此处需用动词不定式形式，故填to help。 19．________ (dress) in a school uniform, the students looked neat and tidy. 【答案】Dressed 【详解】句意：穿着校服，学生们看起来整洁又干净。dress作动词时，表示“穿衣服”，此处是过去分词作状语，dressed“穿着……衣服”，表示学生的状态，句首首字母需大写。 20．There is a group of classmates ___________ (discuss) a project in the classroom. 【答案】discussing 【详解】句意：教室里有一群同学正在讨论一个项目。“There be + 名词 + 现在分词”结构中，现在分词短语作后置定语，表示主动和正在进行的动作，discuss的现在分词为discussing。 三、语法选择 My name is Paul and I have a little sister whose name is Bella. Bella is 1 third-grade student. She always does something that would surprise us. This week was really exciting for her. She had a science class and 2 about many animals that can run, fly, swim, and move. When the teacher asked who wanted to share something about animals the next day, Bella 3 raised her hand and she was happy to share. She was very interested in elephants and worried they might be in danger. Sometimes, elephants 4 by people. She wanted to tell everyone about elephants and ask them to care about elephants. After school, Bella hurried home and told our parents she was going to give a report about elephants. “Elephants are huge,” Dad said. “And their tusks (象牙) are so long!” Mom added. “Do you think we’ll need a 5 house for elephants?” They joked. Bella laughed happily and said, “Elephants 6 perfect, but there’s one problem. I need to build an elephant first.” Bella went to her room and closed the door. She started building an African elephant model 7 wood, paper, glue, and paints. She decided 8 it carefully. She worked all afternoon and evening. When the elephant was finished, she made a big chart (图表) with elephant facts too. Finally, Bella shouted, “It’s ready!” She looked at her elephant model and the fact chart, feeling happy and proud of 9 . She was ready to share 10 with her class tomorrow. She thought it would be a big success. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．learn B．learned C．is learning D．was learning 3．A．slow B．slowly C．quick D．quickly 4．A．hunt B．hunted C．are hunted D．is hunted 5．A．bigger B．biggest C．smaller D．smallest 6．A．am B．is C．are D．be 7．A．with B．in C．by D．for 8．A．buy B．to buy C．build D．to build 9．A．her B．herself C．me D．myself 10．A．where did she make B．where she made C．what did she make D．what she made 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了保罗的妹妹贝拉在科学课上主动要求分享关于大象的知识，回家后认真制作大象模型和图表，为第二天的课堂展示做准备的故事。 1．句意：贝拉是一名三年级学生。 此处表示泛指“一名”三年级学生，third-grade以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，零冠词通常用于复数或不可数名词泛指，均不符合此处语法。 2．句意：她上了一节科学课，学到了很多关于能跑、能飞、能游、能动的动物的知识。 描述过去发生的动作，and连接并列谓语，前文had为一般过去时，此处应用一般过去时learned。learn为动词原形、is learning为现在进行时、was learning为过去进行时，均不符合并列时态要求。 3．句意：当老师问第二天谁想分享关于动物的事情时，贝拉迅速举起了手，她很乐意分享。 修饰动词raised应用副词，结合“she was happy to share”可知，她乐意分享自己学到的东西，所以快速举手，quickly表示“迅速地”，slow为形容词、slowly意为“缓慢地”、quick为形容词，均不符合语义或词性。 4．句意：有时，大象被人们猎杀。 主语elephants与hunt之间为被动关系，且描述一般情况，主语为复数，应用一般现在时的被动语态are hunted。hunt为主动形式、hunted为过去式主动、is hunted主谓不一致，均不符合。 5．句意：你觉得我们需要一个更大的房子来装大象吗？ 根据语境，父母在开玩笑说大象体型巨大，需要比普通房子更大的房子，应用比较级bigger。biggest为最高级、smaller“更小的”、smallest“最小的”，均不符合玩笑语境。 6．句意：大象是完美的。 主语Elephants为复数，应用are。am用于第一人称单数、is用于第三人称单数、be为动词原形，均不符合主谓一致。 7．句意：她开始用木头、纸、胶水和颜料制作一个非洲大象模型。 表示使用某种材料制作，应用介词with。in“在……里面”、by“通过”、for“为了”，均不符合语义。 8．句意：她决定精心制作它。 decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，应用动词不定式to build。buy“买”、to buy、build为动词原形，均不符合语义或结构。 9．句意：她看着自己的大象模型和事实图表，感到快乐，为自己感到骄傲。 be proud of oneself为固定表达，意为“为自己感到骄傲”，主语为She，应用反身代词herself。her为人称代词宾格、me为人称代词宾格、myself为第一人称反身代词，均不符合。 10．句意：她准备好明天和同学们分享她所制作的东西了。 宾语从句应用陈述语序，且根据上文她制作了模型和图表，应用what she made表示“她所制作的东西”。where did she make为疑问语序且缺少宾语、where she made缺少宾语、what did she make为疑问语序，均不符合语法或语义。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $