【对标新考纲】阶段检测卷（5-8单元）（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 【对标新考纲】 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 阶段检测卷（5-8单元） B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、情景交际(共15小题,满分20分) 第一节 读下列10个短对话,从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 1．Dave was a ________. Because of his misconduct in class, the whole class had to stay after school. A．wet blanket B．leading light C．black sheep D．dark horse 【答案】C 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：Dave是害群之马，由于他上课表现不好，下课后全班都不得不留下来。A. wet blanket扫兴的人；B. leading light重要人物；C. black sheep害群之马；D. dark horse黑马。根据“Because of his misconduct in class, the whole class had to stay after school.”可知，此处指Dave是害群之马，故选C. 2．—I had a quarrel with my seatmate yesterday. It is my fault so I feel very guilty. —She is just over there. ________. Go and apologize to her. A．It is up to you B．Believe it or not C．To tell the truth D．You know the drill 【答案】D 【详解】考查习语和情景交际。句意：——我昨天和我的同桌吵了一架。这是我的错，所以我感到很内疚。——她就在那边。你知这事该怎么做吧。去跟她道歉。It’s up to you由你做主，这取决于你；believe it or not信不信由你；tell the truth说实话，说真话；老实相告；You know the drill你知这事该怎么做吧。根据下一句“去跟她道歉”可知，要选D项。 3．—Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again? —No. I’ve learned that it’s best _______ until it blows over. A．to call it a day B．to pull their legs C．to sit on the fence D．to wash my hands off 【答案】C 【详解】考查习惯表达。句意：——当爸爸妈妈又吵架的时候，你有没有偏袒一边？——没有。我已经学会保持中立是最好的。A. to call it a day今天到此为止；B. to pull their legs你不是在开玩笑吧；C. to sit on the fence脚踩两只船，保持中立；D. to wash my hands off不干涉，不插手。故选C。 4．—— _________that students are interested in should be encouraged. —— _________. Sometimes we should make it clear what is not allowed. A．Anything; I can’t agree more B ．Nothing; That’s for sure C．Not all; I can’t agree D．Not everything; Exactly 【答案】D 【详解】考查部分否定和情景交际。句意：——不是学生们感兴趣的每一件事都应该被鼓励。——的确如此。有时我们应该弄清楚什么是不允许的。如果第一个空格处填anything或nothing，句意是不对的，不符合常理，所以先排除A项和B项；第一个空可知填not everything或not all，二者都表示部分否定；根据第二个空格后的句子可知，第二个人对第一人的话表示赞同，所以不能用I can’t agree(我不同意)，故排除C项；表示赞同可以用I can’t agree more(我完全同意)或exactly(完全正确)。故选D项。 5．—You won't believe it, Tom. I was chosen as an exchange student to China. —Congratulations! ________. A．That's something B．That's all right C．You got it D．You did a good job 【答案】A 【详解】考查情境交际。That's something.真是太棒了；That's all right没有关系；You got it.你懂的；You did a good job做的好。句意：——汤姆你不会相信，我被选为去中国的交换生了。——祝贺你，真是太棒了。A项符合语境。 6．—I heard that your wife spent all afternoon yesterday cooking a special dinner for your wedding anniversary. —Actually she was really ________ when I came home three hours late. A．on cloud nine B．over the moon C．green with envy D．hot under the collar 【答案】D 【详解】考查习语。句意：——我听说你太太昨天花了一下午的时间为你们的结婚纪念日做了一顿特别的晚餐。——其实，当我晚三个小时到家的时候，她真的很生气。A. on cloud nine乐不可支；B. over the moon欣喜若狂；C. green with envy嫉妒得眼红；D. hot under the collar生气。根据常识可知，结婚纪念日晚三个小时到家肯定是生气，故选D。 7．—I’ve seen something, and I’m not saying there’s anything wrong about it, but I’d feel uncomfortable if I kept it to myself. —________. A．It’s a piece of cake B．Don’t pull my leg C．You have green fingers D．I’m all ears 【答案】D 【详解】考查情景交际。A. It’s a piece of cake小菜一碟；B. Don’t pull my leg别开玩笑；C. You have green fingers 有园艺技能；D. I’m all ears洗耳恭听。句意：——我看到了一些东西，我并不是说它有什么不对，但如果我把它留给自己（表示不说出来），我会觉得不舒服。——我洗耳恭听。表示听上面的叙述，故选D。 8．- Hey! I’ve got the latest news about the match between our class and Class Four. - Come on!___________. A．Don’t pull my leg B．I’m all thumbs C．Don’t be a wet blanket D．I’m all ears 【答案】D 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——嘿！我有关于我们班和四班比赛的最新消息。——快点，我洗耳恭听。A. Don’t pull my leg别开玩笑了；B. I’m all thumbs笨手笨脚；C. Don’t be a wet blanket 不要这么扫兴；D. I’m all ears我洗耳恭听了。根据前文的“ I’ve got the latest news about the match between our class and Class Four.”可知，下文回答的是“洗耳恭听”。故选D。 9．—That was rather a tough question. How did you get it right? —To tell the truth, I just ________. A．burnt the midnight oil B．was left to sink or swim C．played it safe D．took a shot in the dark 【答案】D 【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：——这个问题是相当难回答的。你是怎么答对的？——说实话，我只是瞎猜的。A. burnt the midnight oil开夜车；B. was left to sink or swim孤注一掷；C. played it safe谨慎行事；D. took a shot in the dark瞎猜的。D项符合语境。 10．－Your lateness today really impressed our interviewer. －________, Mike, and shut up! A．You got me B．Never mind C．Do me a favor D．Forgive me 【答案】C 【详解】考查习语。句意：——你今天迟到了，给面试官留下了深刻的印象。——帮我个忙，迈克，闭嘴！You got me你难住我了。Do me a favor帮我的忙。Never mind没关系，不用担心 。Forgive me见谅。C项符合语境。 第二节 读下面一段对话,从方框中所给的 A、B、C、D、E、F和 G 七个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) A．Would you love to do it with me? B．What a pity! C．It is a good topic. D．How great your idea is! E．But your report may not be the best. F．Well, our environment needs everyone's effort. G．It's said some factories pour waste water into the river near our city. (Anna is talking with Alice on their way to school.) Anna: What is the topic of your project? Alice: About pollution in our city. Anna: ____11____ Alice: The pollution is rather serious. ____12____ Anna: It may pollute our water. Alice: We should do a survey near the river and take action. Anna: ____13____ Alice: I'll write my report and do something for it. ____14____ Anna: Sure! Let's work together. Alice: The city is our home. It is our duty to make it clean and beautiful. Anna: ____15____ 【答案】11．C 12．G 13．D 14．A 15．F 【详解】11.上一句Alice谈及了这个项目的主题就是有关城市的污染情况。由此推知，Anna应该对这个主题予以评价。故选C。 12.由前一句“The pollution is rather serious.”可知，Alice认为污染是很严重的。由此推知Alice应该是列举实例说明这个问题。结合下一句“It may pollute our water.”可知选G。 13.由上一句“We should do a survey near the river and take action.”可知，Alice建议在这条河附近做个调查然后采取行动。从下面的信息可知，Anna应该表示同意Alice的建议。而D项就是表示赞同对方的建议。故选D。 14.由下面的应答语“Sure! Let's work together.”可知，Anna同意Alice的建议或邀请。而A项就是表示邀请。故选A。 15.由上一句“It is our duty to make it clean and beautiful.”可知，Alice认为使城市干净且美丽是我们的职责。根据上文的语境可知，Anna应该表示认同。F项符合语境。故选F。 二、阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分) 阅读下列短文,从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Pacific Science Center Virtual Fieldtrips Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip directly to your students! Engage them with enriching, curriculum-enhancing content designed to encourage curiosity and inspire learning. PacSci educators join your classroom live from the Curiosity Studio, guiding students through interactive sessions packed with exciting STEAM activities. Each program lasts 40 minutes, with options to adjust the duration to fit your needs. Available Programs Piece of Mind Cost: $300 Maximum Participants: 40 Best for Grades: 6-10 Description: Inspire students with the incredible power of the brain! Learn how the brain controls memory, movement, and sight through interactive activities and fun puzzles. Students will also have the rare opportunity to see a real human brain sample. Stick the Landing Cost: $500 (includes 3 sessions) Maximum Participants: 30 Best for Grades: 9-12 Description: Over three sessions, students will use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model Mars lander. Explore past and future missions to Mars while considering practical requirements and limitations. Learn how engineers and other experts work together on challenging space exploration projects. Night Sky Tonight Cost (Varies by Group Size): 1-99 participants: $250 100-199 participants: $350 200+ participants: $550 Maximum Participants: Unlimited Best for Grades: 3-12 Description: Become a backyard astronomer! Learn how Earth’s movement affects what we see in the night sky. Discover how to locate stars and even use the sky to find directions. Ecosystem Investigators Cost: $200 Maximum Participants: 50 Best for Grades: 3-8 Description: Work together to create a digital ecosystem model, exploring how living and non-living elements interact in a water-based environment. Using this knowledge, students will act as wetland scientists to examine real pond samples and study the relationships between organisms. For more details, please refer to our Program Requirements. 16．What is the purpose of the PacSci Virtual Fieldtrips? A．To allow students to conduct independent science research at home. B．To help students develop interest in learning through live interactive activities. C．To introduce the educational programs offered by the Curiosity Studio. D．To enable students to explore space missions and wetland ecosystems online. 17．What can students do in the “Stick the Landing” program? A．Learn how the brain controls memory and movement. B．Explore the connections between living and non-living things. C．Build a model Mars lander and study space missions. D．Identify stars and use the sky to find directions. 18．How much would it cost for a group of 150 students to join the “Night Sky Tonight” program? A．$250. B．$350. C．$500. D．$550. 19．Cooperation is needed in the program ________. A．Piece of Mind B．Stick the Landing C．Night Sky Tonight D．Ecosystem Investigators 20．What is a common feature of all the programs mentioned? A．They are designed for students of all ages. B．They require students to visit the Pacific Science Center. C．They include interactive activities to engage students. D．They are free of charge for educational purposes. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍太平洋科学中心的虚拟实地考察项目，由中心讲师直播授课，开展40分钟互动式STEAM课程，可调整时长。文章列出大脑科学、火星着陆器、夜空观测、生态系统四大项目，分别说明费用、人数、适配年级与课程内容，供学校班级选择。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“Engage them with enriching, curriculum-enhancing content designed to encourage curiosity and inspire learning. PacSci educators join your classroom live from the Curiosity Studio, guiding students through interactive sessions packed with exciting STEAM activities.(通过富有教育意义、能丰富课程内容的材料来吸引他们，这些材料旨在激发好奇心并激励学习。太平洋科学教育工作者将从“好奇工作室”与您的课堂进行实时连线，引导学生参与充满精彩科学、技术、工程、艺术和数学活动的互动课程)”可知，“太平洋科学中心虚拟实地考察”的目的是通过生动的互动活动帮助学生培养学习兴趣。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据Stick the Landing部分“Over three sessions, students will use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model Mars lander. Explore past and future missions to Mars while considering practical requirements and limitations.(在三个阶段的学习中，学生们将按照工程设计流程的步骤来制作一个火星着陆器模型。他们将研究火星过去的和未来的探测任务，并同时考虑实际的需求和限制条件)”可知，在“稳稳着陆”项目中，学生们可以制作一个火星着陆器模型，并研究太空任务。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据Night Sky Tonight部分“100-199 participants: $350(100到199名参与者：350美元)”可知，150名学生参加“今晚的星空”项目需要花费350美元。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据Ecosystem Investigators部分“Work together to create a digital ecosystem model, exploring how living and non-living elements interact in a water-based environment.(共同努力构建一个数字生态系统模型，探究在以水为基础的环境中，生物元素与非生物元素是如何相互作用的)”可知，在“生态系统调查者”这个项目中，需要进行合作。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据第一段“PacSci educators join your classroom live from the Curiosity Studio, guiding students through interactive sessions packed with exciting STEAM activities.(太平洋科学中心教育工作者将通过“好奇工作室”与您的课堂进行实时连线，引导学生们参与充满趣味的STEAM活动的互动课程)”可知，上述所有项目的一个共同特点是都包含互动性活动以吸引学生参与。故选C。 B Have you ever wanted to share the taste of a delicious dish with a friend far away, only to find that words and pictures fall short of delivering the full experience? A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily. Creating digital tastes is challenging. Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes-sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified. Since the full flavor is experienced only when these signals are put together, recreating taste requires collecting all this information. The “e-Taste” device does this using a special sensor. Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device. This part pushes up liquids through a gel layer that contains the five chemicals. By drinking the liquids, people can taste the food or drink no matter where they are. Real-world tests of “e-Taste” went well. It worked even when the device’s two parts were placed in different cities thousands of kilometers apart. Volunteers identified foods like fish soup with almost 87 percent success, according to a statement by The Ohio State University. Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness. They also want to study the device’s effect on different people, given that taste is “greatly related to human emotion and memory”, said scientist Li Jinghua in the university’s statement. 21．What is the main purpose of the “e-Taste” device? A．To create new flavors in food and drinks. B．To break food down into molecules. C．To turn one taste into another. D．To enhance digital taste experiences. 22．What is the main focus of paragraph 2? A．The challenges of developing digital tastes. B．How the human body experiences tastes. C．The role of different parts of the mouth in tasting. D．How the five basic tastes interact with each other. 23．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A．sends B．transforms C．conducts D．exchanges 24．How does the “e-Taste” device work? A．It directly analyzes taste molecules. B．It sends electrical signals to the brain. C．It collects data on the five basic tastes. D．It stores specific tastes using a gel layer. 25．What is one of the future goals for“e-Taste” development? A．Expanding taste sensations. B．Improving device connectivity. C．Studying taste-based emotions. D．Increasing data accuracy. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国俄亥俄州立大学科学家开发的“e-Taste”设备，它能增强数字味觉体验，还说明了其工作原理、测试情况及未来目标。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily.(据《科学日报》报道，一种名为“e-Taste”的新设备可以提供帮助。这款由美国俄亥俄州立大学的科学家开发的设备旨在通过为数字体验增添“味道”来改善它们)”可知，“e Taste”设备的主要目的是增强数字味觉体验。故选D项。 22．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified.(根据美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的说法，味觉是关于“感受”牙齿和唾液分解食物或饮料时释放出的实际分子。这些分子会“唤醒”舌头、口腔顶部和后部的某些细胞。这些细胞具有不同的敏感性，它们通过向丘脑发送信号，对甜、酸、咸、苦和鲜味这五种基本味觉中的至少一种做出反应。然后丘脑将信号传输到大脑的其他区域，在那里识别出特定的味道)”可知，第二段主要讲述了人体是如何体验味道的。故选B项。 23．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified.(然后它将信号……到大脑的其他区域，在那里识别出特定的味道)”中“the signals to other brain regions”可推知，这里是说丘脑把信号发送到大脑其他区域，所以划线词“transmits”意思是“发送”，与A项“sends”同义。故选A项。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device.(就像一个“电子舌头”，传感器测量食物或饮料中导致五种基本味道的五种化学物质的含量。一旦收集到数据，就会通过无线方式发送到设备的另一部分)”可知，“e-Taste”设备通过收集五种基本味道的数据来工作。故选C项。 25．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness.(展望未来，科学家们计划“征服”更多的味觉感受，比如辣味)”可知，“e-Taste”开发的未来目标之一是扩展味觉感受。故选A项。 C Although the shortcomings of the world’s dependence on plastics are all too obvious, the benefits they provide are all too easily ignored. Materials made from plastics are lighter, and cheaper and easier to produce. These materials have become vital in everything from building to car making. Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? Just as the benefits of plastics are often unseen, however, so are some potential harms. Now there is growing concern about what happens when they break up into micro pieces invisible to the eye. In the past decade such “microplastics” have been found in food chains, in human brains and even in the snow of Antarctica. To deal with the plastics pollution, the best approach is not to ban plastics, but to manage them more carefully. Better recycling technologies, now under development, are one part of the answer. The percentage of plastics which end up being recycled has doubled in the past two decades, but it is still only 9%. This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped (倾倒) or burned. Incinerator (焚烧炉), which can both produce energy and allow the resulting carbon to be trapped, are a useful choice too, though they are also unpopular. Fortnum,a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons (烃) back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. 26．Why does the author mention the example of piano keys in paragraph 1? A．To argue that pianos should only be made from plastics. B．To stress the environmental benefits of using plastics. C．To show how plastic materials have replaced natural resources. D．To explain the environmental impact of using traditional materials. 27．What is the main reason for the low rate of plastic recycling? A．The risks caused by recycling. B．The undeveloped recycling technology. C．The difficulty and high cost of recycling. D．People’s lack of concern for the environment. 28．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Increases. B．Encourages. C．Represents. D．Avoids. 29．According to the author, what is the key factor that makes landfill a recommended option for plastic waste management? A．Its ability to generate clean energy efficiently. B．Its role in promoting global recycling industries. C．Its low cost and simplicity when properly managed. D．Its popularity among environmentalists and the public. 30．What is the author’s overall attitude toward the future of plastic management? A．Hopeless. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章分析了塑料依赖的显著弊端与易被忽视的益处，聚焦微塑料带来的潜在危害，进而提出塑料污染的应对策略，并强调塑料管理的潜力与价值。 26．推理判断题。根据第一段“Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? (塑料还减轻了世界对传统材料以及许多传统材料来源生物的依赖。世界上大约有1000万台钢琴。如果所有的白键都用象牙制成，还会剩下多少头大象？)”可知，作者以钢琴白键为例，通过对比象牙与塑料的使用，凸显塑料在保护生物、减少对自然资源依赖方面的环境益处。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段“This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. (这并不是因为人们不关心地球。而是因为回收比大多数人意识到的更困难、成本更高。)”可知，塑料回收率低的主要原因是回收工作的难度大且成本高。故选C。 28．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped or burned. (因此，应该更多地利用填埋法。如果管理得当、监控到位，填埋法对环境的破坏远比人们通常认为的要小，而且更简单、更有效。它还能sidesteps那些被运往世界各地回收的塑料被倾倒或焚烧的风险。)”可知，填埋法相比跨国回收，可避免塑料被非法处理的风险，由此可推知“sidestep”意为“避免”。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段“When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. (如果管理得当、监控到位，填埋法对环境的破坏远比人们通常认为的要小，而且更简单、更有效。)”可知，填埋法被推荐作为塑料垃圾处理方案的关键因素是：在管理得当的情况下，它具有成本低、操作简单的优势。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fortnum, a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. (芬兰公司Fortnum已找到一种将烃类转化回塑料材料的方法。这样的创新应该得到进一步发展。就塑料而言，其益处远比大多数人所认可的要大得多——管理其成本的潜力也是如此。)”可知，作者提及塑料回收的技术创新，并肯定塑料的价值与管理潜力，由此可推断作者对塑料管理的未来持乐观态度。故选B。 D The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes (假货) after “Shenzhen Cellphones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past two years. Besides “Shanzhai” has electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala, a copy of the 25-year-old traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve. “Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, symbolizing anything that imitates something famous. The phenomenon has caused a public debate over whether it is healthy or sick being a copycat. In southwestern China’s Chongqing Municipality, a “Shanzhai” version “Bird’s Nest” woven by farmers with bamboo attracts wide attention and the “Shanzhai” version “Water Cube” is popular with tourists too. Both are copies of the famous Olympics buildings in Beijing. Xie Xizhang, a literature critic, said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears naturally to attract people. “In spite of its poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’culture meets the psychological demands of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” Xie said. Tian Huiqun, a professor at Beijing Normal University, said that “Shanzhai” culture never copies classic things, only trendy products. In that sense, it’s like a computer virus, multiplying without meaning. Though controversial, “Shanzhai” culture is becoming a widely accepted phenomenon. To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge as well as a motivation, said Xie. Tian said different kinds of cultures developing together is an ideal situation and it is for the public to choose. 31．The Chinese Word“Shanzhai”may have its origin in _________. A．fake cellphones B．electronic products C．Spring Festival Gala D．Olympics buildings 32． The underlined word “imitates” is closest in meaning to _______. A．steals B．copies C．advertises D．cheats 33． According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture refers to ________. A．The action that a person imitates famous people B．anything that imitates something famous C．those similar names to famous brand D．products with poor techniques and quality 34． We can infer that the mainstream culture ________. A．Will be held back by “Shanzhai” culture B．will sooner or later be replaced by “Shanzhai”culture C．may develop faster because of the challenging of “Shanzhai”culture D．thinks nothing of the challenge of “Shanzhai”culture 35．Which of the following might be the best title of passage? A．“Shanzhai”culture will definitely fade out B．“Shanzhai”culture –the mountain village culture C．“Shanzhai”culture – the mainstream culture D．“Shanzhai”culture takes on life of its own 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“山寨”文化的产生以及它存在的价值和意义。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes  after “Shenzhen Cellphones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past two years.”（“山寨”在中文里的意思是小山村，但在过去两年由中国南方的小作坊生产的“深圳手机”在大陆市场走红后，“山寨”成为了一个被接受的假冒产品的名称）可知，中文“山寨”一词可能起源于山寨手机。故选A项。 32．词义猜测题。根据第四段“The phenomenon has caused a public debate over whether it is healthy or sick being a copycat.”（这一现象引起了一场公众辩论：做一个模仿者是健康的还是病态的）故可猜测，imitates为“模仿，复制”的意思，结合选项B项copies“复制品，副本”意思一致。故选B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段““Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, symbolizing anything that imitates something famous.”（“山寨”已经成为一种文化，象征着任何模仿著名事物的东西）可知，根据文章，“山寨”文化指的是任何模仿著名事物的东西。故选B项。 34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge as well as a motivation, said Xie.”（对主流文化而言，山寨文化的兴起既是一种挑战，也是一种动力）故可推知，主流文化可能会发展更快，因为“山寨”文化的挑战。故选C项。 35．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第七段“In spite of its poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’culture meets the psychological demands of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” Xie said.”（谢说：“尽管‘山寨’文化在技术和操作上很差，但它满足了普通人的心理需求，可以安慰他们的心灵。”）以及最后一段“Tian said different kinds of cultures developing together is an ideal situation and it is for the public to choose.”（田说，不同的文化共同发展是一种理想的情况，这是公众的选择）可知，文章主要讲的是山寨文化存在的价值和意义，故文章最好的标题是“山寨文化呈现它自己的生命”。故选D项。 三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity — from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics — requires 36 practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect. Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the 37 of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 38 or boring. Why? The distinction may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to 39 their performance to clear and immediate feedback. Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 40 entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality” — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great 41 over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the 42 of being a master? Obviously for those of us who don’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be 43 by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. Instead, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal interests. Competition is 44 and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability. While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforting that we seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions and task set at moderate level of 45 , we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing. 36．A．fixed B．concentrated C．paralleled D．instructed 37．A．transformation B．substitute C．cycle D．condition 38．A．poisonous B．rewarding C．ignorant D．frustrating 39．A．apply B．devote C．adjust D．expose 40．A．deliberately B．readily C．hesitantly D．flexibly 41．A．feature B．control C．advantage D．sympathy 42．A．security B．jealousy C．reward D．contribution 43．A．cultivated B．extended C．influenced D．bridged 44．A．advocated B．suspended C．discouraged D．observed 45．A．priority B．difficulty C．curiosity D．identity 【答案】 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是如何通过专注和环境因素进入“心流”状态，享受技能提升的过程，并最终获得掌握技能的满足感。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何具有挑战性的活动——从计算机编程到演奏乐器再到运动——都需要集中精力练习。A. fixed固定的；B. concentrated集中精力的、全神贯注的；C. paralleled平行的；D. instructed受教育的、得到指示的。根据下文“A perfect golf swing or flawless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect.(一个完美的高尔夫挥杆或完美的蝶泳需要无数小时的练习和重复来完美。)”可知，此处表示“全神贯注的”练习，与下文呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历练习、批评反馈、润色和不断改进的循环，一次又一次。A. transformation转变；B. substitute替代物；C. cycle循环；D. condition条件。根据下文的“again, again, and again”可知，此处为“循环”表示一遍又一遍的，符合语境。故选C项。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也有人觉得这种集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧或无聊。A. poisonous有毒的；B. rewarding值得的；C. ignorant无知的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。根据句意以及下文的“or boring”可知，此处用frustrating和boring相呼应，表示“令人沮丧的”符合语境。故选D项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：心流状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当一项任务有明确的目标，并且个人能够调整自己的表现以获得清晰和即时的反馈时，这种状态最常见。A. apply申请；B. devote献身；C. adjust调整；D. expose暴露。根据下文的“to clear and immediate feedback.”可知，以获得清晰和即时的反馈，所以此处表示“调整以适应”符合语境。故选C项。 40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人有一种“自我人格”，即寻求挑战并进入心流状态的倾向。A. deliberately故意地；B. readily容易地、乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. flexibly灵活地。根据下文“had an “autotelic personality”—a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow.(有“自我人格”——倾向于寻求挑战并进入心流状态。)”可知，拥有一种“自我人格”的人更容易进入心流状态，所以此处表示“容易”进入心流状态的人具有这种“自我人格”，符合语境。故选B项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的人，他们专注于任务而不是奖励的能力，在发展他们的先天能力方面比其他人有很大的优势。A. feature特点；B. control控制；C. advantage优势；D. sympathy同情。根据上文的“Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards”以及下文的“over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities.”可知，专注任务而不是奖励的能力人在发展他们的先天能力方面比其他人更有“优势”，此处是进行对比，符合语境。故选C项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们如何才能在一项活动中进入心流状态，从而既享受提高技能的过程，又享受成为大师的奖励呢？A. security安全；B. jealousy嫉妒；C. reward奖励、回报；D. contribution贡献。根据上文的“But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills”以及下文的“being a master”可知，成为大师本身就应该是一种“奖励”符合语境。故选C项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们如何才能在一项活动中进入心流状态，从而既享受提高技能的过程，又享受成为大师的奖励呢？A. cultivated培养；B. extended延伸；C. influenced影响；D. bridged在……上架桥。根据下文的“they are encouraged to develop and pursue individual interests(鼓励他们发展和追求个人兴趣)”可知，心流状态是可以通过环境因素被培养的，所以此处表示“培养”符合语境。故选A项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校不鼓励竞争，不强调评分。A. advocated提倡；B. suspended暂停；C. discouraged不鼓励、使泄气；D. observed观察。根据下文“grading is not emphasized(不强调评分)”可知，此处表示竞争是“不被鼓励的”符合语境。故选C项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过给自己自由安排的、开放的时间、最少的干扰和中等难度的任务设置，我们可能会在努力练习我们喜欢做的事情的同时爱上我们正在做的事情。A. priority优先权；B. difficulty困难；C. curiosity好奇心；D. identity身份。根据上文“By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions,(通过给自己自由的、开放的时间，减少干扰，)”可知，此处表示设置“中等难度”任务，与上文呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。 Toyota opens $10B “Woven City” in Japan to Test Life with Robots and AI Toyota has formally launched the first phase of 46 Woven City, a $10 billion “test course for mobility” built at the foot of Mt. Fuji. Intent & Function: A Living Lab for Future Tech Toyota positions Woven City not as a typical smart city, but as a living laboratory to test 47 (integrate) systems of mobility, infrastructure, energy, computation, and daily life. The aim is to gather real-world data and evidence to validate technologies before 48 (broad) deployment. Technologies under active testing include autonomous vehicles, robotics, indoor air systems that minimize pollen, and an autonomous robot capable of transporting vehicles between designated spots using lidar and camera systems. Scale, Timeline & Partners The Woven City site occupies part of a former Toyota vehicle manufacturing plant. 49 fully complete, the city aims to host up to 2,000 residents. A total of 12 Toyota Group companies, along with seven external firms and a musician, are part of the co-creation ecosystem. In addition to mobility and software firms, collaborators span sectors 50 air conditioning, food & beverage, and electronics. Challenges & Forward Path Though heralded as a pioneering step, Woven City faces significant challenges: Scale vs. realism: The first phase is small in population, and technologies tested 51 prove reliability in more complex, larger-scale settings. Technology risk: Systems like autonomous transport, air purification, and smart infrastructure must pass rigorous safety and usability thresholds 52 technology transfer. Integration into broader society: Bridging from controlled test environments to real cities with existing infrastructure 53 (be) a steep transition. Going forward, Toyota intends to expand the co-creation network, scale infrastructure, increase the resident base, and gradually introduce public access. Toyota’s move to bring Woven City alive is a tangible marker in the 54 (evolve) landscape of mobility, infrastructure, and urban living. Whether it succeeds as a scalable blueprint for future cities will rest on 55 these experiments translate into everyday systems and whether the lessons learned here can be exported beyond their controlled environment. 【答案】 46．its 47．integrated 48．broader 49．When 50．such as 51．must 52．before 53．will be 54．evolving 55．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丰田公司在日本富士山脚下启动的“编织之城”第一阶段项目，包括项目定位、测试技术、规模合作、面临挑战及未来规划等内容。 46．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：丰田公司已正式启动其“编织之城”的第一阶段，这是一个耗资100亿美元、建在富士山脚下的“移动测试场”。空格后Woven City为专有名词，指代丰田旗下的项目，需用形容词性物主代词体现从属关系，结合主语Toyota，此处用its表示“它的”。故填its。 47．考查形容词。句意：丰田将“编织之城”定位为并非典型的智慧城市，而是一个生活实验室，用于测试交通、基础设施、能源、计算和日常生活的综合系统。空格后为名词systems，需用形容词作定语修饰，integrate的形容词形式为integrated，意为“综合的、集成的”，贴合“多领域系统”的语境。故填integrated。 48．考查副词。句意：其目的是收集真实世界的数据和证据，以便在更广泛部署前验证技术的有效性。空格后为名词deployment（部署），需用形容词作定语，结合before可知，此处指在更广泛的部署之前，broad的比较级broader符合题意。故填broader。 49．考查连词。句意：当这座城市完全建成后，预计将容纳多达2000名居民。分析句子结构，fully complete为形容词短语，逻辑主语为the city，此处需用连词引导时间状语从句（省略主语和be动词），when表示“当……时”，能够顺畅衔接“建成”与“容纳居民”的时间关系。故填When。 50．考查介词。句意：除了交通和软件公司外，合作方还涵盖空调、食品饮料和电子等行业。空格后列举了多个行业领域，此处需用介词表示“例如”，介词短语such as符合题意。故填such as。 51．考查情态动词。句意：规模与现实的平衡：第一阶段的人口规模较小，所测试的技术必须在更复杂、更大规模的环境中证明其可靠性。结合前文“第一阶段规模有限”的背景，此处强调技术在更复杂场景中证明可靠性的必要性，must“必须”能够体现这种强制性要求，符合挑战分析的语境。故填must。 52．考查连词。句意：技术风险：自动驾驶、空气净化和智能基础设施等系统在技术转让前，必须通过严格的安全和可用性门槛。根据逻辑，“通过安全和可用性测试”是“技术转让”的前提条件，before表示“在……之前”，能够准确衔接两个动作的先后顺序。故填before。 53．考查时态。句意：与更广泛社会的融合：从受控测试环境过渡到拥有现有基础设施的真实城市，将是一个艰巨的转变。句子主语为动名词短语Bridging from...to...，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，结合语境可知，“转变”还未发生，应用一般将来时。故填will be。 54．考查形容词。句意：丰田让“编织之城”落地的举措，是交通、基础设施和城市生活不断演变格局中的一个切实标志。空格后为名词landscape（格局、形势），需用形容词作定语修饰，evolve的形容词形式为evolving，意为“不断演变的”，贴合“城市发展格局持续变化”的语境。故填evolving。 55．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：它能否成为未来城市可推广的蓝图，将取决于这些实验如何转化为日常系统，以及在这里学到的经验教训能否推广到其受控环境之外。空格引导宾语从句，作rest on（取决于）的宾语，从句中translate为不及物动词，结合语义“实验转化为日常系统的方式”，how表示“如何、怎样”，能够准确体现“转化方式”这一核心含义，与后文whether从句并列。故填how。 五、书面表达(满分20分) 假定你是高三学生李华，学校环保社社长。近期，你打算在学校开展一次“减塑”(Less Plastic) 社团活动。请你给王校长写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 社团活动的时间和地点；2. 社会活动的内容。 注意：词数不少于80。 Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. In order to raise the awareness of protecting the environment among the teachers and students in our school, our association has decided to hold a “Less Plastics” activity, so I am writing to apply for the permission for it. As we know, using plastics has made great damages to our environment, which contributes to the urgency of improving the awareness of cutting down the usage of plastics. The “Less Plastics” activity which is of great help will be held next Monday along the school path on the left side of the school playground from 10 a.m. to 12 a.m. First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance. Then, one of our club members will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. What do you think of our activity? I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学校环保社社长李华的身份，给校长写一封信，申请在学校举办一次“减塑”的社团活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 社团：club→association 导致：lead to→contribute to 减少：reduce→cut down 提前：ahead of time→in advance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance. Then, one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. 拓展句：First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance, and one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The “Less Plastics” activity which is of great help will be held next Monday along the school path on the left side of the school playground from 10 a.m. to 12 a.m. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Then, one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. (运用了疑问副词how + to do的结构作介词宾语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 【对标新考纲】 《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 阶段检测卷（5-8单元） B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、情景交际(共15小题,满分20分) 第一节 读下列10个短对话,从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 1．Dave was a ________. Because of his misconduct in class, the whole class had to stay after school. A．wet blanket B．leading light C．black sheep D．dark horse 2．—I had a quarrel with my seatmate yesterday. It is my fault so I feel very guilty. —She is just over there. ________. Go and apologize to her. A．It is up to you B．Believe it or not C．To tell the truth D．You know the drill 3．—Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again? —No. I’ve learned that it’s best _______ until it blows over. A．to call it a day B．to pull their legs C．to sit on the fence D．to wash my hands off 4．—— _________that students are interested in should be encouraged. —— _________. Sometimes we should make it clear what is not allowed. A．Anything; I can’t agree more B ．Nothing; That’s for sure C．Not all; I can’t agree D．Not everything; Exactly 5．—You won't believe it, Tom. I was chosen as an exchange student to China. —Congratulations! ________. A．That's something B．That's all right C．You got it D．You did a good job 6．—I heard that your wife spent all afternoon yesterday cooking a special dinner for your wedding anniversary. —Actually she was really ________ when I came home three hours late. A．on cloud nine B．over the moon C．green with envy D．hot under the collar 7．—I’ve seen something, and I’m not saying there’s anything wrong about it, but I’d feel uncomfortable if I kept it to myself. —________. A．It’s a piece of cake B．Don’t pull my leg C．You have green fingers D．I’m all ears 8．- Hey! I’ve got the latest news about the match between our class and Class Four. - Come on!___________. A．Don’t pull my leg B．I’m all thumbs C．Don’t be a wet blanket D．I’m all ears 9．—That was rather a tough question. How did you get it right? —To tell the truth, I just ________. A．burnt the midnight oil B．was left to sink or swim C．played it safe D．took a shot in the dark 10．－Your lateness today really impressed our interviewer. －________, Mike, and shut up! A．You got me B．Never mind C．Do me a favor D．Forgive me 第二节 读下面一段对话,从方框中所给的 A、B、C、D、E、F和 G 七个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分) A．Would you love to do it with me? B．What a pity! C．It is a good topic. D．How great your idea is! E．But your report may not be the best. F．Well, our environment needs everyone's effort. G．It's said some factories pour waste water into the river near our city. (Anna is talking with Alice on their way to school.) Anna: What is the topic of your project? Alice: About pollution in our city. Anna: ____11____ Alice: The pollution is rather serious. ____12____ Anna: It may pollute our water. Alice: We should do a survey near the river and take action. Anna: ____13____ Alice: I'll write my report and do something for it. ____14____ Anna: Sure! Let's work together. Alice: The city is our home. It is our duty to make it clean and beautiful. Anna: ____15____ 二、阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分) 阅读下列短文,从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Pacific Science Center Virtual Fieldtrips Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip directly to your students! Engage them with enriching, curriculum-enhancing content designed to encourage curiosity and inspire learning. PacSci educators join your classroom live from the Curiosity Studio, guiding students through interactive sessions packed with exciting STEAM activities. Each program lasts 40 minutes, with options to adjust the duration to fit your needs. Available Programs Piece of Mind Cost: $300 Maximum Participants: 40 Best for Grades: 6-10 Description: Inspire students with the incredible power of the brain! Learn how the brain controls memory, movement, and sight through interactive activities and fun puzzles. Students will also have the rare opportunity to see a real human brain sample. Stick the Landing Cost: $500 (includes 3 sessions) Maximum Participants: 30 Best for Grades: 9-12 Description: Over three sessions, students will use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model Mars lander. Explore past and future missions to Mars while considering practical requirements and limitations. Learn how engineers and other experts work together on challenging space exploration projects. Night Sky Tonight Cost (Varies by Group Size): 1-99 participants: $250 100-199 participants: $350 200+ participants: $550 Maximum Participants: Unlimited Best for Grades: 3-12 Description: Become a backyard astronomer! Learn how Earth’s movement affects what we see in the night sky. Discover how to locate stars and even use the sky to find directions. Ecosystem Investigators Cost: $200 Maximum Participants: 50 Best for Grades: 3-8 Description: Work together to create a digital ecosystem model, exploring how living and non-living elements interact in a water-based environment. Using this knowledge, students will act as wetland scientists to examine real pond samples and study the relationships between organisms. For more details, please refer to our Program Requirements. 16．What is the purpose of the PacSci Virtual Fieldtrips? A．To allow students to conduct independent science research at home. B．To help students develop interest in learning through live interactive activities. C．To introduce the educational programs offered by the Curiosity Studio. D．To enable students to explore space missions and wetland ecosystems online. 17．What can students do in the “Stick the Landing” program? A．Learn how the brain controls memory and movement. B．Explore the connections between living and non-living things. C．Build a model Mars lander and study space missions. D．Identify stars and use the sky to find directions. 18．How much would it cost for a group of 150 students to join the “Night Sky Tonight” program? A．$250. B．$350. C．$500. D．$550. 19．Cooperation is needed in the program ________. A．Piece of Mind B．Stick the Landing C．Night Sky Tonight D．Ecosystem Investigators 20．What is a common feature of all the programs mentioned? A．They are designed for students of all ages. B．They require students to visit the Pacific Science Center. C．They include interactive activities to engage students. D．They are free of charge for educational purposes. B Have you ever wanted to share the taste of a delicious dish with a friend far away, only to find that words and pictures fall short of delivering the full experience? A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily. Creating digital tastes is challenging. Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes-sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified. Since the full flavor is experienced only when these signals are put together, recreating taste requires collecting all this information. The “e-Taste” device does this using a special sensor. Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device. This part pushes up liquids through a gel layer that contains the five chemicals. By drinking the liquids, people can taste the food or drink no matter where they are. Real-world tests of “e-Taste” went well. It worked even when the device’s two parts were placed in different cities thousands of kilometers apart. Volunteers identified foods like fish soup with almost 87 percent success, according to a statement by The Ohio State University. Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness. They also want to study the device’s effect on different people, given that taste is “greatly related to human emotion and memory”, said scientist Li Jinghua in the university’s statement. 21．What is the main purpose of the “e-Taste” device? A．To create new flavors in food and drinks. B．To break food down into molecules. C．To turn one taste into another. D．To enhance digital taste experiences. 22．What is the main focus of paragraph 2? A．The challenges of developing digital tastes. B．How the human body experiences tastes. C．The role of different parts of the mouth in tasting. D．How the five basic tastes interact with each other. 23．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A．sends B．transforms C．conducts D．exchanges 24．How does the “e-Taste” device work? A．It directly analyzes taste molecules. B．It sends electrical signals to the brain. C．It collects data on the five basic tastes. D．It stores specific tastes using a gel layer. 25．What is one of the future goals for“e-Taste” development? A．Expanding taste sensations. B．Improving device connectivity. C．Studying taste-based emotions. D．Increasing data accuracy. C Although the shortcomings of the world’s dependence on plastics are all too obvious, the benefits they provide are all too easily ignored. Materials made from plastics are lighter, and cheaper and easier to produce. These materials have become vital in everything from building to car making. Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? Just as the benefits of plastics are often unseen, however, so are some potential harms. Now there is growing concern about what happens when they break up into micro pieces invisible to the eye. In the past decade such “microplastics” have been found in food chains, in human brains and even in the snow of Antarctica. To deal with the plastics pollution, the best approach is not to ban plastics, but to manage them more carefully. Better recycling technologies, now under development, are one part of the answer. The percentage of plastics which end up being recycled has doubled in the past two decades, but it is still only 9%. This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped (倾倒) or burned. Incinerator (焚烧炉), which can both produce energy and allow the resulting carbon to be trapped, are a useful choice too, though they are also unpopular. Fortnum,a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons (烃) back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. 26．Why does the author mention the example of piano keys in paragraph 1? A．To argue that pianos should only be made from plastics. B．To stress the environmental benefits of using plastics. C．To show how plastic materials have replaced natural resources. D．To explain the environmental impact of using traditional materials. 27．What is the main reason for the low rate of plastic recycling? A．The risks caused by recycling. B．The undeveloped recycling technology. C．The difficulty and high cost of recycling. D．People’s lack of concern for the environment. 28．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Increases. B．Encourages. C．Represents. D．Avoids. 29．According to the author, what is the key factor that makes landfill a recommended option for plastic waste management? A．Its ability to generate clean energy efficiently. B．Its role in promoting global recycling industries. C．Its low cost and simplicity when properly managed. D．Its popularity among environmentalists and the public. 30．What is the author’s overall attitude toward the future of plastic management? A．Hopeless. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. D The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes (假货) after “Shenzhen Cellphones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past two years. Besides “Shanzhai” has electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala, a copy of the 25-year-old traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve. “Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, symbolizing anything that imitates something famous. The phenomenon has caused a public debate over whether it is healthy or sick being a copycat. In southwestern China’s Chongqing Municipality, a “Shanzhai” version “Bird’s Nest” woven by farmers with bamboo attracts wide attention and the “Shanzhai” version “Water Cube” is popular with tourists too. Both are copies of the famous Olympics buildings in Beijing. Xie Xizhang, a literature critic, said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears naturally to attract people. “In spite of its poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’culture meets the psychological demands of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” Xie said. Tian Huiqun, a professor at Beijing Normal University, said that “Shanzhai” culture never copies classic things, only trendy products. In that sense, it’s like a computer virus, multiplying without meaning. Though controversial, “Shanzhai” culture is becoming a widely accepted phenomenon. To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge as well as a motivation, said Xie. Tian said different kinds of cultures developing together is an ideal situation and it is for the public to choose. 31．The Chinese Word“Shanzhai”may have its origin in _________. A．fake cellphones B．electronic products C．Spring Festival Gala D．Olympics buildings 32． The underlined word “imitates” is closest in meaning to _______. A．steals B．copies C．advertises D．cheats 33． According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture refers to ________. A．The action that a person imitates famous people B．anything that imitates something famous C．those similar names to famous brand D．products with poor techniques and quality 34． We can infer that the mainstream culture ________. A．Will be held back by “Shanzhai” culture B．will sooner or later be replaced by “Shanzhai”culture C．may develop faster because of the challenging of “Shanzhai”culture D．thinks nothing of the challenge of “Shanzhai”culture 35．Which of the following might be the best title of passage? A．“Shanzhai”culture will definitely fade out B．“Shanzhai”culture –the mountain village culture C．“Shanzhai”culture – the mainstream culture D．“Shanzhai”culture takes on life of its own 三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity — from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics — requires 36 practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect. Anyone who wants to have a good command of a skill must go through the 37 of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 38 or boring. Why? The distinction may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to 39 their performance to clear and immediate feedback. Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 40 entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality” — a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great 41 over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the 42 of being a master? Obviously for those of us who don’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be 43 by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. Instead, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal interests. Competition is 44 and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability. While there isn’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforting that we seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions and task set at moderate level of 45 , we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing. 36．A．fixed B．concentrated C．paralleled D．instructed 37．A．transformation B．substitute C．cycle D．condition 38．A．poisonous B．rewarding C．ignorant D．frustrating 39．A．apply B．devote C．adjust D．expose 40．A．deliberately B．readily C．hesitantly D．flexibly 41．A．feature B．control C．advantage D．sympathy 42．A．security B．jealousy C．reward D．contribution 43．A．cultivated B．extended C．influenced D．bridged 44．A．advocated B．suspended C．discouraged D．observed 45．A．priority B．difficulty C．curiosity D．identity 四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将答案写在对应处。 Toyota opens $10B “Woven City” in Japan to Test Life with Robots and AI Toyota has formally launched the first phase of 46 Woven City, a $10 billion “test course for mobility” built at the foot of Mt. Fuji. Intent & Function: A Living Lab for Future Tech Toyota positions Woven City not as a typical smart city, but as a living laboratory to test 47 (integrate) systems of mobility, infrastructure, energy, computation, and daily life. The aim is to gather real-world data and evidence to validate technologies before 48 (broad) deployment. Technologies under active testing include autonomous vehicles, robotics, indoor air systems that minimize pollen, and an autonomous robot capable of transporting vehicles between designated spots using lidar and camera systems. Scale, Timeline & Partners The Woven City site occupies part of a former Toyota vehicle manufacturing plant. 49 fully complete, the city aims to host up to 2,000 residents. A total of 12 Toyota Group companies, along with seven external firms and a musician, are part of the co-creation ecosystem. In addition to mobility and software firms, collaborators span sectors 50 air conditioning, food & beverage, and electronics. Challenges & Forward Path Though heralded as a pioneering step, Woven City faces significant challenges: Scale vs. realism: The first phase is small in population, and technologies tested 51 prove reliability in more complex, larger-scale settings. Technology risk: Systems like autonomous transport, air purification, and smart infrastructure must pass rigorous safety and usability thresholds 52 technology transfer. Integration into broader society: Bridging from controlled test environments to real cities with existing infrastructure 53 (be) a steep transition. Going forward, Toyota intends to expand the co-creation network, scale infrastructure, increase the resident base, and gradually introduce public access. Toyota’s move to bring Woven City alive is a tangible marker in the 54 (evolve) landscape of mobility, infrastructure, and urban living. Whether it succeeds as a scalable blueprint for future cities will rest on 55 these experiments translate into everyday systems and whether the lessons learned here can be exported beyond their controlled environment. 五、书面表达(满分20分) 假定你是高三学生李华，学校环保社社长。近期，你打算在学校开展一次“减塑”(Less Plastic) 社团活动。请你给王校长写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 社团活动的时间和地点；2. 社会活动的内容。 注意：词数不少于80。 Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $