课时冲关8 Unit 8 Green Living-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（北师大版）

高考总复习英语(BS) 课时冲关8 UNIT 8 I.阅读A 主题语境：人与自然 体裁 Which is better for Earth:an electric or gas-powered vehicle?The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious: Of course electric cars must be better for the environment,because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive.How- ever,electric vehicles (EVs)aren't per- fect,and they come with their own set of polluting problems.Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce. Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span.A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions (排放)，from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity nee- ded to power them,and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas- powered vehicle.The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered elec- tricity,they're actually worse for the envi- ronment than gas-powered cars. "Only when connected to the dirtiest, coal-heavy electric grids(电网)do gas-powered cars become comparable to EVs on a green- house gas basis,"said Colin Sheppard,an expert in energy and transportation sys- tems.That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China,the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable ener- gy.For example,it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S.and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries. Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric."We wanted to un- derstand what it might be like if all passen- ger vehicles are electrified."For example, ·25 GREENLIVING 议论文 话题：电动、燃油汽车的环保性 Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric， it would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46% every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as“smart charging”in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of elec tricity. In short， it's far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost?Are n't electric vehicles too expensive for most people? 1.In which case do E Vs get more heavy polluted than gas-powered cars? A.Being powered only by batteries. B.Consuming coal-powered electricity. C.Starting to give off greenhouse gases. D.Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely. 2.What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text? A.Renewable energy. B.Electric vehicles. C.Coal-powered supply. D.Public transport. 3.How does Sheppard model the future of EVs? A.With a discussion. B.With an examination. C.With a calculation. D.With a questionaire. 4.What might the paragraph following the passage be about? A.Inventing green gas-powered vehicles. B.Developing environment-friendly grids. C.Making electric vehicles more affordable. D.Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil. 阅读B 主题语境：人与社会 体裁 When Chui-Lian I and alent in a Gomez started on their academic journeys as textile(织物) developing and marketing majors at Fashion Institute of T ch nol- ogy， they were eager to learn more about the clothing industry. Some of the things they ended up learning shocked them. They found out that roughly 11 million tons of textile waste end up in landfill each year， and the chemicals and gases that emerge during decomposition pollute the earth. Every single class that they joined， through the impacts and it'd be footprint and people a re turning to organic cotton， but that's not really a solution be- cause of these reasons.”Or d， eople are $$O ^ { - }$$ o king at recycled polyester(涤纶) but that's not great because it still releases mi- cro plastics. ” As every solution they learn- ed about came with drawbacks， they both wound up feeling really frustrated. It was n't until the two joined a class on the application of biotechnology to the manufacturing of clothing that they real- ld be ized there could be a more environmentally friendly option for the fashion industry. Lee and G lO mez learned that they could use specially engineered proteins to create a fi- a de ber that avoids plastics and degrade (分解) Wer naturally， and then the idea for Were wool was .“By changing how we are crea- ting the fibers that make up our clothing， we can change the entire life cycle of our clothing and their end -JO- life impacts on the environment， avoiding pollution from plastics， ” explains. The early-stage biotech company focusing on developing biodegradable fibers for the textile industry initially started as a re- search project that involved many sleepless hts in the lab. After winning the H&.M Global Change Award in 2020， the project ·25 基础必备必修第三册 说明文话题：开发可生物降解的纤维 [答题栏] launched into a company.Over four years A and 4.5 million dollars in funding later, Werewool now has 12 employees and has 2--- begun working with brands to develop 3 clothing out of their protein-based fibers, with the hope of launching products in 4------ 2025.By25000 tons of fiber is ex- pected to enter the market,which is about 390 million shirts. 6- "Our goal has always been to make 7 the fashion industry friendly to nature," says Lee. 8 5.What surprised Lee and Gomez when II they learned about the clothing indus- try? 2 A.A wide range of textiles are produced 3 every year. B.There are many poisonous chemicals 4. in clothing. C.Clothing industry brings harm to the 5 environment. 6 D.The textile waste is quite difficult to7 break down. 6.Why are organic cotton and recyeled pol- yester mentioned? A.To present features of organic clothing. B.To introduce methods of recycling 10 textile waste. 11 C.To show they're not good options for 12 sustainability. D.To explain it is essential to reduce the13.- water footprint. 14 7.What can we learn about Werewool ac- cording to the passage? 15.- A.It has a bright prospect. B.It funds research on textile waste. C.It proves to be highly profitable. D.It pioneers in plastics decomposition. 8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A.Werewool Makes Fashion Green B.Breakthroughs in Applied Biotechnology C.Lee and Gomez's Academic Journeys D.New Protein-based Fibers Hit the Market 高考总复习英语(BS) .完形填空主题语境：人与自然体裁：记叙文 Can we make bags that are as good as plastic bags but don't h arm our environment? Moh am- mad Azhar Mohiuddin found the 1 . At age 14， this young Indian did 2 jobs like designing logos(标志) and cleaning. But years ago he star- ted thinking differently about his life . He 3 that solving real problems was more important than just making 4. In 2020， when Mohiuddin was 20， he heard about Prime Minister Modi's 5 to make India free from single-use plastic by 2026. This 6 him to create eco-friendly bags. The .was not easy. As a student trying to 8 his own business， he faced many problems. His grades went down， he met cheats who sold him 9 machinery， and he even had to close his factory for a while to finish his studies. But Mohiuddin's hard work finally brought 10 . His company， Bio Reform， has 11 more than 6 million plastic bags in two years. He gs two years found a special way to 12 corn waste， turn- ing it into materials for making bags. These new bags are smooth and strong like plastic ones， but they become fertilizer within 180 days. His success 13 u s how creative thinking producers， and restarant s ow use his bags. By 14bags that are both good for business and good for the earth， Mohiuddin has set a good ex- ample to us that young people can make a real difference in protecting our 15 . Ⅲ.应用文写作(通知)…............................. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李 华。为了迎接第四届“全国生态日(Nation- De a al Ecology Day) ”的到来， 你校将于2026年 8月12日下午4：00一5：30在学校礼堂开 展一次环保知识竞赛。请你用英文写一则 通知。内容包括： 1.竞赛主题、时间及地点； 2.报名方法； 3.鼓励大家踊跃报名。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已为你写好。 ·258· 话题：印度青年创造环保袋保护环境 1.A.structure B.partner C.solution D.programme 2.A.challenging B.permanent C.routine D.various 3.A.realized B.admitted C.predicted D.imagined 4.A.decisions B.money C.advances D.progress 5.A.benefit B.fame C.theory D.plan 6.A.inspired B.requested C.persuaded D.recommended 7.A.contract B.deal C.product D.path 8.A.understand B.operate C.enlarge D.affect 9.A.false B.complex C.agricultural D.electrical 10.A.confusion B.stress C.success D.honour 11.A.consumed B.replaced C.transported D.developed 12.A.cut down B.clean up C.get rid of D.make use of 13.A.shows B.commands C.influences D.warns 14.A.packing B.creating C.importing D.unloading 15.A.economy B.investment C.environment D.collections ............................................ Notice r fellow students， The Students Union高考总复习英语(BS) 片让观察者做出自己的判断，这会让人们对这幅画继续 lution they learned about came with drawbacks， they both 争论下去，从而吸引观众，所以F项符合上下文因果关 wound up feeling really frustrated.(他们参加的每一堂 系。故F选项“这是另一个因素，可能会使这幅画再吸 课，都会经历这些影响，正如，好吧，棉花有这么大的水 引人500年”切题。 足迹，人们正在转向有机棉花，但由于这些原因，这并不 课时冲关 8 UNIT 8 GREENLIVING 是一个真正的解决方案。”或者“人们正在考虑回收聚 I.A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了 酯，但这并不好，因为它仍然会释放微塑料。”因为他们 电动汽车和燃油汽车哪个更环保。 了解的每个解决方案都有缺点，所以他们都感到非常沮 1.B [细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The team found 丧。)”可知，文章提到有机棉花和回收聚酯是为了证明 它们不是可持续发展的好选择。 that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electric i- 7.A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Lee and Gomez ty， they're actually worse for the environment than gas powered cars.(研究小组发现， 当电动汽车使用燃煤电力 learned that they could us e specially engineered proteins to create a fiber that avoids plastics and degrades(分解) 充电时，它们对环境的危害实际上比汽油动力汽车更严 naturally， and then the idea for Were wool was born.‘By 重。)”可知，当电动汽车使用燃煤电力时，比汽油动力汽 changing how we are creating the fibers that make up our 车造成的污染更严重。] clothing， we can change the entire life cycle of our cloth- 2.A [细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“In China， the ing and their end-of-life impacts on the environment， national grid is improving with more investments in re- avoiding pollution from plastics， 'Lee explains.(李和戈 new able energy.For example， it has twice as much wind 麦斯了解到，他们可以使用特殊工程蛋白来制造一种纤 energy capacity as the U.S.and it builds more solar pan- 维，这种纤维可以避免塑料，并且可以自然降解，于是， els per year than any other countries.(在中国， 随着对可 Were wool诞生了。李解释说：“通过改变我们制造服装 再生能源的投资更多，国家电网正在改善。例如，中国 纤维的方式，我们可以改变服装的整个生命周期以及它 的风能容量是美国的两倍，每年建造的太阳能电池板比 们的寿命结束对环境的影响，避免塑料污染。”)”可知， 其他任何国家都多。)”可知，中国目前致力于发展可再 Were wool前景广阔。] 生能源，加大对可再生能源的投资，由此可知，目前中国 8.A [主旨大意题。根据文章全文尤其是第三段“Lee 大力推广的是可再生能源。] and Gomez learned that they could us e specially engi- 3.C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Sheppard nee red proteins to create a fiber that avoids plastics and modelled a future in which all cars were electric.·We degrades(分解) naturally， and then the idea for Were wool wanted to understand what it might be like if all passen- was born.(李和戈麦斯了解到， 他们可以使用特殊工程 ger vehicles are electrified.For example， Sheppard cal- 蛋白来制造一种纤维，这种纤维可以避免塑料，并且可 culated that if all vehicles in the U.S.were electric， it 以自然降解， 于是， Were wool诞生了。) ”可知， 本文主要 would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46% every 讲述了Chui-Lian Lee和Valentina Gomez创立了 Were year.(Sheppard建立了一个未来所有汽车都是电动的模 wool公司， 它致力于开发可生物降解的纤维， 使时尚更 式。“我们想了解如果所有乘用车都通电会是什么样 环保。A选项“Were wool让时尚更环保”适合作为本文 子。例如， Sheppard计算出， 如果美国所有的汽车都是 标题。] 电动的，那么每年温室气体排放量将减少46 5% 。)”可知， Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印 Sheppard通过计算为电动汽车的未来建立模型。] 度青年Mohammad Azhar Mohiuddin创造环保来保护环 4.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“In short， it's far 境的故事。 easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-pow- 1.C [考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mohammad Azhar Mo- ered vehicle.But what about the cost? Are n't electric ve- hi uddin找到了解决办法。 A.structure结构； B. partner hicles too expensive for most people?(简言之， 支持购买 伙伴； C.solution解决方案； D.programme项目。根据上 电动汽车比支持汽油动力汽车要容易得多。但是费用 文"Can we make bags that are as good as plastic bags but 呢?电动汽车对大多数人来说不是太贵了吗?)”可知， don'th arm our environment?(我们能不能制造出和塑 料袋一样好用但又不破坏环境的袋子 ) ”以及下文“him 最后一段提出一个问题，虽然电动汽车具有环保性，但 to create eco-friendly bags”可知， 此处指找到了上述问题 太贵了，大多数人买不起，由此可知，文章接下来的段落 的解决方案， 呼应后文“corn waste， turning it into mate- 讨论的可能是使电动汽车价格更合理的问题。] rials for making bags”。] B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。讲述了Chui-Lian 2.D [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：14岁时，这个年轻的 Lee和Valentina Gomez创立了 Were wool公司， 它致力于 印度人做过各种各样的工作，比如设计商标和打扫卫 开发可生物降解的纤维，使时尚更环保。 生。A.challenging 挑战性的； B. permanent 永久的； 5.C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Some of the things C.routine常规的； D. various 各种各样的。根据后文 they ended up learning shocked them. They found out “like designing logos and cleaning”可知， 他从事过各种 that roughly 11 million tons of textile waste end up in 各样的工作。] landfill each year， and the chemicals and gases that 3.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到解决实际问题 emerge during decomposition pollute the earth.(他们最 比赚钱更重要。A.realized意识到； B.admitted 承认； 终学到的一些东西震惊了他们。他们发现，每年大约有 C.predicted预测； D.imagined想象。根据后文“that sol- 1100万吨纺织垃圾被填埋，在分解过程中产生的化学物 ving real problems was more important than just mak 质和气体污染了地球。) ”可知， 当Lee和Gomez知道服 ing”可知， 解决实际问题更重要的是他意识到的问题。] 装业给环境带来危害时，他们很惊讶。] 4.B [考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.decisions决定； 6.C [推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Every single class B.money 金钱； C. advances 前进， 进展； that they joined， they'd go through the impacts and it'd D.progress进步。根据上文“jobs like designing logos be like， Okay， cotton has this large of a water footprint and cleaning”提到他从事过各种职业赚钱， 以及“But and people a re turning to organic cotton， but that's not years ago he started thinking differently about his life. really a solution because of these reasons.Or‘People (但几年前，他开始对自己的生活有了不同的看法。)”可 are looking at recycled polyester(涤纶) but that's not 知，对生活有了不同看法，说明意识到解决实际问题比 great because it still releases micro plastics.'As every so- 赚钱更重要。] ·334 · 参考答案 5.D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年，莫希丁20岁 15.C [考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.economy经 时，他听说莫迪总理计划到2026年让印度摆脱一次性塑 济； B.investment 投资； C.environment 环境； D.collec- 料。A. benefit 益处； B.fame名誉； C. theory 理论； tions收藏品， 募集。根据上文“good for the earth”以及 D.plan计划。根据后文“to make India free from single “create eco-friendly bags”可知， 他的成功说明了年轻人 use plastic by 2026”可知， 摆脱一次性塑料袋是总理莫迪 可以在保护环境方面发挥真正的作用。] 的计划。] Ⅲ. Notice 6.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激发了他创造环保袋 Dear fellow students 的灵感。A.inspired鼓舞； B.requested要求； C.per sua- In order to celebrate the fourth National Ecology Day ded说服； D.recommended建议， 推荐。根据后文“him to and raise our awareness of environmental protection， the create eco-friendly bags”以及上文提到莫迪总理计划到 Students Union is going to hold a contest on how to protect 2026年让印度摆脱一次性塑料可知，此处指这一计划激 our home planet at 4：00-5：30 pm on 12 August，2026 in 发了他创造环保袋的灵感。] the hall. 7.D [考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条路并不容易。 If you are interested， you can start to sign up at the A.contract合同； B.deal交易； C.product产品； D. path Students Union office now.The contest includes two parts： 道路。根据后文“His grades went down， he met cheats” quiz and debate.For more detailed information， please visit 可知，指创造环保袋这条路并不容易。] our website and read the related instructions. 8.B [考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名试图经营自己 All students who are interested in challenging them 的企业的学生，他面临着许多问题。 A.understand理 selves and protecting our home planet are welcome to par- 解； B.operate 操作， 经营； C.enlarge扩大； D.affect影 ticipate! 响。根据空后“his own business”以及下文“he even had The Students Union to close his factory for a while to finish his studies.”可 课时冲关9 U N N IT 9 LEARNING 知，此处指经营自己的企业。] I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了 UREs 9.A [考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的成绩下降了，他 sential s提供的免费教科书项目。 遇到了卖给他假机器的骗子，他甚至不得不关闭工厂一 1.D [细节理解题。根据“Material Management and Ex 段时间来完成他的学业。A.false假的；B.complex复杂 change Guidelines”部分中的“The program includes text- 的； C.agricultural农业的； D.electrical电的， 用电的。根 books， e-textbooks， manuals， and access codes， while 据上文“he met cheats who sold him”可知， 骗子卖给他 clearly excluding single-use items such as lab goggles， 的是假机器。] dissection kits， molecular model kits， engineering kits， and nursing kits.(该计划包括教科书、电子教科书、手册 10.C [考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Mohiuddin的努力 和访问码，但显然不包括一次性使用的物品，如实验室 最终带来了成功。A.confusion 困惑； B.stress压力； 护目镜、解剖包、分子模型包、工程包和护理包。)”可知， C.success成功； D.honour荣誉。根据后文“more than 实验室护目镜和解剖工具包是明确不被包含在项目内 6 million plastic bags in two years”以及“He found a 的物品。] special way to 12 corn waste， turning it into mate- 2.D [细节理解题。根据第三段“Material Management rials for making bags. These new bags are smooth and and Exchange Guidelines”部分的“A critical operational strong like plastic ones， but they become fertilizer with- detail involves course changes：if students decide to drop in 180 days.”可知， 他用玉米废料生产出180天就可降 a class and have already picked up their materials， they 解为肥料的袋子，并在两年内取代了600多万个塑料 should return those materials within 48 hours.(一个关键 袋， 说明取得了成功。后文“His success”也是提示。] 的操作细节涉及到课程变更：如果学生决定退课，并且 11.B [考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的公司“生物改革” 已经领取了他们的材料，他们应该在48小时内归还这些 在两年内取代了 600多万个塑料袋。A.consumed消 材料。)”可知，如果学生退课但已领取材料，他们应迅速 耗； B.replaced取代； C.transported运输； D.developed 归还。] 发展。根据后文“These new bags are smooth and 3.C [推理判断题。根据第一段“Program Overview and strong like plastic ones， but they become fertilizer with- Implementation”部分的“The University of Rochester in 180 days.”可知， 他生产的环保袋两年内取代了600 will introduce UR Essentials in fall 2025， an integrated 多万个塑料袋。] textbook program providing undergraduate students with all 12.D [考查动词短语辨析。句意：他找到了一种特殊的 required course materials as part of standard tuition. This in i- 方法来利用玉米废料，把它变成制作袋子的材料。 tiative enables students to rent materials from any pub A.cut down削减， 砍倒； B.clean up清理； C.get rid of lisher through Barnes 8. Noble. Following course regis- 摆脱； D. make use of 利用。根据后文“corn waste， tration， the bookstore receives class lists and begins pre turning it into materials for making bags”可知， 他的方 king paring materials. One month before classes begin， 法是利用玉米废料来制作环保袋。] students receive email notification to select between in 13.A [考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的成功向我们展示 store pickup or direct shipping. Digital materials are de- 了创造性思维如何解决环境问题。A.shows展示； livered via Blackboard.(罗切斯特大学将于2025年秋季 B.commands命令； C.influences影响； D. warns警告。 推出大学必修课程，这是一个综合教材项目，为本科生 根据后文“us how creative thinking can solve environ 提供所有必修课程材料，作为标准学费的一部分。这一 mental problems”可知他的成功向我们展示了创造性思 举措使学生能够通过Barnes &. Noble从任何出版商那 维如何解决环境问题。] 里租借资料。课程注册后，书店收到班级名单并开始准 14.B 「考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过创造既有利于商 备材料。开学前一个月，学生会收到电子邮件通知，选 业又有利于地球的袋子，莫希丁为我们树立了一个很 择店内提货还是直接送货。数字材料通过黑板传送。)” 好的榜样，让我们知道年轻人可以在保护环境方面发 并纵观全文可知，本文以客观、说明性的口吻介绍了一 挥真正的作用。A. packing 打包； B.creating 创造； 项大学教科书项目的具体规则、参与方式和注意事项， C.importing进口； D.unloading(从车、船上) 卸。此处 目的是让学生了解并遵守项目规定。这种文体和内容 呼应上文“create eco-friendly bags”， 指创造既有利于商 最有可能出现在面向学生的官方指南或手册中，例如大 业又有利于地球的袋子。] 学学生手册。] ·335·