Unit 4 Helping out 单词课件2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

Words and expressions excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v. 原谅 excuse me 劳驾 purple /ˈpɜːpəl/ adj. 紫色的 crayon /ˈkreɪən/ n. 彩色蜡笔 sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n. 阳光 virus /ˈvaɪərəs/ n. 病毒 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起 disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n. 失望 X-ray /ˈeks reɪ/ n. X 光检查 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 治疗，诊治 pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n. 衣袋，口袋 pocket money 零花钱 Words and expressions illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 病，疾病 wheelchair /ˈwiːltʃeə/ n. 轮椅 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公开的 go public 公开，公之于众 mention /ˈmenʃən/ v. 提到，说起 directly /daɪˈrektli/ adv. 坦率地 solution /səˈluːʃən/ n. 解决方法 bottle /ˈbɒtl/ n. 瓶子 a bottle of 一瓶 exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. 考试 dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话 flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒，流感 Words and expressions homeless /ˈhəʊmləs/ adj.无家可归的 donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠，捐献 goodwill /ˌɡʊdˈwɪl/ n. 好意，亲善 soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə/ n. 士兵，军人 fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. 消防队员 against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 和…… 对抗 graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ v. 大学毕业 college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 大学；学院 warmth /wɔːmθ/ n. 温暖 means /miːnz/ n. 手段；方法；工具 by no means 绝不，一点儿都不 lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj. 运气好的，幸运的 Game Time Unit 4 donate afford college soldier against goodwill illness public solution mention Words and expressions Unit 4 短语 • excuse me 打扰了；劳驾 • make an excuse 找借口 • excuse sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人 例句 ▪Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the station? 打扰一下，你能告诉我去车站的路吗？ ▪Don’t make an excuse for being late again. 别再为迟到找借口了。 excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v. 原谅 purple /ˈpɜːpəl/ adj. 紫色的 短语 • light purple 浅紫色 • dark purple 深紫色 • purple flower 紫色的花 例句 ▪She bought a light purple dress for the party. 她为派对买了一条浅紫色的连衣裙。 ▪My sister’s favorite color is dark purple. 我姐姐最喜欢的颜色是深紫色。 crayon /ˈkreɪən/ n. 彩色蜡笔 短语 • a box of crayons 一盒蜡笔 • draw with crayons 用蜡笔画画 • color with crayons 用蜡笔涂色 例句 ▪The kids are coloring the picture with crayons. 孩子们正在用蜡笔给画涂色。 ▪I need a box of crayons for my art class. 我美术课需要一盒蜡笔。 sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n. 阳光 短语 • in the sunshine 在阳光下 • bright sunshine 明媚的阳光 • enjoy the sunshine 享受阳光 例句 ▪The cat is sleeping in the sunshine by the window. 那只猫正在窗边的阳光下睡觉。 ▪The bright sunshine makes the room warm. 明媚的阳光让房间变得温暖。 virus /ˈvaɪərəs/ n. 病毒 短语 • computer virus 电脑病毒 • spread a virus 传播病毒 • fight against the virus 对抗病毒 例句 ▪Doctors are working hard to fight against the virus. 医生们正在努力对抗病毒。 ▪We should wash hands often to stop the virus from spreading. 我们应该勤洗手，防止病毒传播。 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起 短语 • afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 • afford sth. 买得起某物 • can’t afford to lose 输不起 例句 ▪I can’t afford to buy a new phone right now. 我现在买不起新手机。 ▪We can afford a small house in the city. 我们买得起城里的一套小房子。 disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n. 失望 短语 • to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 • show disappointment 表现出失望 • a big disappointment 一大憾事 词性变换 • v. disappoint 使失望 • adj. disappointed 感到失望的 • adj. disappointing 令人失望的 例句 ▪To my disappointment, the movie was not as good as I thought. 令我失望的是，这部电影没有我想象的那么好。 ▪She showed no disappointment when she failed the exam. 她考试没及格，但没有表现出失望。 ▪It was a big disappointment that we couldn’t go to the beach. 我们不能去海边，真是一大憾事。 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 治疗，诊治 词性变换 • 复数： treatments • v. treat 看待，治疗 短语 • medical treatment 医疗治疗 • receive treatment 接受治疗 • equal treatment 平等对待 例句 ▪The patient needs special medical treatment in the hospital. 这位病人需要在医院接受特殊的医疗治疗。 ▪She received treatment for her illness last week. 她上周接受了疾病的治疗。 ▪All students should get equal treatment at school. 所有学生在学校都应该得到平等对待。 pocket /ˈpɒkɪt/ n. 衣袋，口袋 短语 • pocket money 零花钱 • in one’s pocket 在某人的口袋里 • pocket dictionary 袖珍词典 例句 ▪My parents give me 50 yuan as pocket money every week. 我父母每周给我50元零花钱。 ▪He put the key in his pocket and left home. 他把钥匙放进口袋，离开了家。 illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 病，疾病 词性变换 adj. ill 有病的，不舒服的 短语 • serious illness 严重的疾病 • recover from illness 从疾病中康复 • mental illness 心理疾病 例句 ▪He had a serious illness last year, but now he is better. 他去年得了一场重病，但现在好多了。 wheelchair /ˈwiːltʃeə/ n. 轮椅 短语 • in a wheelchair 坐着轮椅 • push a wheelchair 推轮椅 • wheelchair access 无障碍通道 例句 ▪The old man has to move around in a wheelchair. 这位老人不得不坐着轮椅活动。 ▪The new school has wheelchair access for students with disabilities. 这所新学校有为残疾学生设置的无障碍通道。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公开的 词性变换 adv. publicly 公开地，公然地 短语 • in public 公开地；当众 • public place 公共场所 • go public 公开；公之于众 例句 ▪The company decided to go public with the new plan. 公司决定公开这个新计划。 ▪We should keep quiet in public places. 我们应该在公共场所保持安静。 mention /ˈmenʃən/ v. 提到，说起 短语 • mention sth. to sb. 向某人提及某事 • not to mention 更不用说 • as mentioned above 如上所述 例句 ▪Don’t mention the bad news to your grandma. 别把这个坏消息告诉你奶奶。 ▪As mentioned above, we will have a test next week. 如上所述，我们下周有一场考试。 directly /daɪˈrektli/ adv. 坦率地 词性变换 • adj. direct 径直的，笔直的；坦率的 • n. direction 方向，方位 短语 • speak directly 直接说 • go directly to 直接去 • answer directly 直接回答 例句 ▪You can speak directly if you have any questions. 如果你有问题，可以直接说。 ▪After school, she went directly to the library. 放学后，她直接去了图书馆。 ▪The teacher asked the student to answer the question directly. 老师让学生直接回答问题。 solution /səˈluːʃən/ n. 解决方法 词性变换 v. solve 解决 短语 • find a solution 找到解决办法 • a solution to sth. 某事的解决方法 • offer a solution 提供解决方案 例句 ▪We need to find a solution to this problem quickly. 我们需要尽快找到这个问题的解决办法。 ▪Do you have a solution to the math problem? 你有这道数学题的解法吗？ bottle /ˈbɒtl/ n. 瓶子 短语 • a bottle of 一瓶 • plastic bottle 塑料瓶 • empty bottle 空瓶子 例句 ▪She drank a bottle of milk every morning. 她每天早上喝一瓶牛奶。 ▪We should recycle plastic bottles to protect the environment. 我们应该回收塑料瓶来保护环境。 exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ n. 考试 词性变换 完整形式：examination 短语 • pass the exam 通过考试 • fail the exam 考试不及格 • prepare for an exam 为考试做准备 例句 ▪He studied hard and passed the final exam. 他努力学习，通过了期末考试。 ▪She was sad because she failed the English exam. 她英语考试没及格，很伤心。 dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对话 短语 • short dialogue 简短对话 • have a dialogue with sb. 和某人对话 • read the dialogue aloud 大声朗读对话 例句 ▪The students are practicing a short dialogue in class. 学生们正在课堂上练习一段简短的对话。 ▪The teacher had a dialogue with the shy student. 老师和那个害羞的学生进行了对话 flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒，流感 词性变换 完整形式：influenza 短语 • have the flu 得了流感 • get over the flu 从流感中康复 • spread of flu 流感的传播 例句 ▪She stayed at home because she had the flu. 她得了流感，待在家里休息。 ▪It took him a week to get over the flu. 他花了一周才从流感中康复。 homeless /ˈhəʊmləs/ adj.无家可归的 短语 • homeless people 无家可归的人 • become homeless 变得无家可归 • homeless children 流浪儿童 例句 ▪The charity helps homeless people in the city. 这个慈善机构帮助城里无家可归的人。 ▪Many animals become homeless when their homes are destroyed. 许多动物的家园被毁后变得无家可归。 donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠，捐献 词性变换 n. donation 捐赠物，捐赠 短语 • donate sth. to sb./sth. 向……捐赠某物 • donate blood 献血 • donate clothes 捐赠衣服 例句 ▪They donated money to the poor children in the village. 他们给村里的贫困儿童捐了钱。 ▪Many young people donate blood every year. 许多年轻人每年都会献血。 ▪We donated our old clothes to the homeless people. 我们把旧衣服捐给了无家可归的人。 goodwill /ˌɡʊdˈwɪl/ n. 好意，亲善 短语 • act out of goodwill 出于善意 • show goodwill 表达善意 • gesture of goodwill 友好的表示 例句 ▪She helped the old man act out of goodwill. 她出于善意帮助了那位老人。 ▪The two countries showed goodwill to each other. 两国互相表达了善意。 ▪Sending flowers is a common gesture of goodwill. 送花是一种常见的友好表示。 soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə/ n. 士兵，军人 短语 • brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 • join the soldiers 参军 • retired soldier 退伍军人 例句 ▪My uncle is a brave soldier in the army. 我叔叔是军队里一名勇敢的士兵。 ▪He decided to join the soldiers after high school. 他高中毕业后决定参军。 ▪The retired soldier often tells stories about his life in the army. 这位退伍军人经常讲他在军队里的故事。 fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. 消防队员 词性变换 复数：firemen 短语 • brave fireman 勇敢的消防员 • call the fireman 打电话叫消防员 • train to be a fireman 训练成为消防员 例句 ▪When we saw the smoke, we called the fireman right away. 我们看到烟后立刻打电话叫了消防员。 ▪He is training hard to be a fireman. 他正在努力训练，想成为一名消防员。 against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 和…… 对抗 短语 • against the rules 违反规则 • fight against 与……作斗争 • lean against 靠着 例句 ▪Running in the hall is against the school rules. 在走廊里奔跑是违反校规的。 ▪We should fight against pollution together. 我们应该一起与污染作斗争。 ▪She leaned against the wall and waited for her friend. 她靠在墙上，等着她的朋友。 graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ v. 大学毕业 短语 • graduate from 从……毕业 • graduate college 大学毕业 • college graduate 大学毕业生 例句 ▪He will graduate from high school next year. 他明年就要高中毕业了。 ▪She wants to graduate college with good grades. 她想以优异的成绩从大学毕业。 ▪Many college graduates are looking for jobs now. 现在有很多大学毕业生正在找工作。 college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 大学；学院 短语 • go to college 上大学 • college student 大学生 • enter college 考入大学 例句 ▪Her dream is to go to college in Beijing. 她的梦想是去北京上大学。 ▪My brother is a college student studying English. 我哥哥是一名学英语的大学生。 ▪He studied hard and finally entered his dream college. 他努力学习，终于考入了理想的大学。 warmth /wɔːmθ/ n. 温暖 短语 • feel the warmth 感受到温暖 • give warmth to sb. 给某人温暖 • human warmth 人情温暖 例句 ▪I felt the warmth of the sun on my face. 我感受到了阳光照在脸上的温暖。 ▪Her smile gave warmth to everyone in the room. 她的微笑给房间里的每个人都带来了温暖。 ▪The story shows the human warmth between strangers. 这个故事展现了陌生人之间的人情温暖。 means /miːnz/ n. 手段；方法； 工具 词性变换 v. mean 意味着；表示……的意思 短语 • by means of 用；依靠 • by no means 绝不；一点也不 • a means of transport 一种交通工具 例句 ▪He learned English by means of watching movies. 他通过看电影学英语。 ▪This is by no means an easy problem to solve. 这绝不是一个容易解决的问题。 ▪Bikes are a popular means of transport in China. 自行车在中国是一种很受欢迎的交通工具。 lucky adj. 运气好的， 幸运的 词性变换 • 比较级: luckier • 最高级: luckiest • adv.：luckily 幸好，侥幸；幸运地 • n.luck 幸运，好运 短语 • lucky to do sth. 有幸做某事 • lucky day 幸运日 • lucky number 幸运数字 例句 ▪I was lucky to meet my favorite singer at the concert. 我很幸运在音乐会上见到了我最喜欢的歌手。 ▪Today is my lucky day—I found my lost key! 今天是我的幸运日——我找到了丢失的钥匙！ ▪Her lucky number is 7. 她的幸运数字是7。 Exercises Unit 4 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。 1. When they saw Chinese ________ (军人) come to help them, they cried with excitement. 2. She tried every ________ (方法) to learn English well. 3. He wants to be a doctor after he ________ (大学毕业) from university. 4. Helen chose to study art in the ________ (大学) and finally became an artist. 5. Our gift to Lily was a small act of _________ (好意), showing we cared. 6. Simon looks very smart in the ________ (紫色的) shirt. 7. The boy in the ___________ (轮椅) is our new classmate, Jim. Let’s go and give him a hand. soldiers means graduates college goodwill purple wheelchair 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。 8. Many people like to enjoy themselves in the __________ (阳光) on Sundays. 9. It was cold. The girl put her hands into her p to get warm. 10. If we don’t take action at once, the v will spread quickly. 11. I’m preparing for the English ________ (考试) these days. So I’m too busy to watch TV. 12. Yesterday Tim caught the ________ (流感) and he didn’t go to school. sunshine ockets irus exam flu 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。 13. We find it helpful to make up __________ (对话) in English class. 14. He was so thirsty that he drank two large b of water in one go. 15. I want to buy a map of the city because I don’t want to get l again. dialogues ottles ost 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. It’s brave of these ________ (fireman) to save the old man from the big fire. 2. Helping others can bring us great joy and spread ________ (warm) to the world. 3. Amy is such a kind and helpful girl that I am ________ (luck) to have a friend like her. 4. The story touched my heart ________ (deep). It made me want to cry. 5. Jenny’s parents were completely ___________ when they saw the ________ changes in her. (amaze) firemen warmth lucky deeply amazed amazing 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6. Most people think it’s polite to look each other ________ (direct) in the eye when having a conversation. 7. After trying so many times, he finally found a ________ (solve) to this problem. 8. The doctor needs to weigh you to provide better ___________ (treat). 9. The doctor will give him the right medicine if he finds out the cause of the ________ (ill). 10. The teacher encouraged Jenny to get over the ______________ (disappoint) and try harder next time. directly solution treatment illness disappointment 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 public, afford, crayon, mention, virus 6. We all admire those heroes who work hard to fight against the ________. 7. I can’t ________ this dress because I don’t take so much money with me. 8. I called Jenny and she __________ that she would go to Beijing next week. 9. Rules are very important because they keep us safe in ________ places. 10. Mrs Green wants to buy two boxes of ________ for her son. virus afford mentioned public crayons 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 remember, can, good, may not, get, make, must, can’t, do, might Sam, my good friend, looked very sad, because he f ailed the math test again. “I 1. ________ understand these problems,” he said. Seeing Sam, I remembered how I felt last term. “Hey,” I walked to him. “I 2. ________ help you with math. With my help, I’m sure you 3. ________ be able to pass the math test next time.” “Are you sure? I 4. ________ be hopeless,” he looked very disappointed. can’t can must might 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 remember, can, good, may not, get, make, must, can’t, do, might “Nobody’s hopeless,” I said. “We 5. ________ finish tonight, but we’ll start.” We discussed the first problem together. I showed him my steps, explaining slowly. “See? You can 6. ________ this step,” I encouraged him when he got part of it right. may not do 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 remember, can, good, may not, get, make, must, can’t, do, might Slowly, Sam felt confident. “Oh! I get it now,” he said with a smile. We practiced more problems. “You must 7. ___________ this formula (公式),” I reminded him. “Keep working hard, and you may even 8. ________ an A next time!” remember get 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 remember, can, good, may not, get, make, must, can’t, do, might In the end, Sam looked much brighter. “Thanks! I actually understand it now.” Helping Sam felt great. It showed me that a little kindness can 9. ________ a big difference. We never know when someone might need our support, and offering it may be the 10. ________ thing we do all day. make best dialogue, flu, bottle, exam 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 1.I am thirsty. Please give me two _______ of orange juice. 2.Bella added some __________ to make her story even more interesting. 3.The ______ results in some subjects brought him joy. 4.Kids are easily catch the ____during winter. bottles dialogues exam flu As the old saying goes, “The rose in your hand, the fragrance in 1. ________ (I).” Last winter holiday, my elder sister and I had 2. ________ inspiring volunteering experience in our community. It not only improved our lives, but also helped improve our community. After 3. ________ (arrive) at the community committee office in the afternoon, we met Mrs. Li. mine an arriving 短文填空（一） She first shared her experiences 4. ________ us, and then gave out tasks. My job was to clean the rubbish in the community and check whether stray animals were in good condition. As I 5. ____________ (walk) around, I was shocked to see so much rubbish! It was everywhere— on the grass, along the roads, near the pool and even in the flower beds! I collected nearly three 6. ________ (bag) of rubbish in an hour. with was walking bags 短文填空（一） 短文填空（一） I heard a weak noise when I was ready 7. ________ (rest). Looking down, I saw a wounded cat on the grass. I immediately took it to the 8. ________ (near) veterinary clinic. The doctors there 9. ________ (careful) examined its body and found that it had a broken leg perhaps from being hit by a car. They began to treat the injured animal, and I made my way back to the neighborhood. On the way, I realized that a simple act of 10. ________ (kind) can be powerful enough to make a significant difference. to rest nearest carefully kindness 短文填空（二） If an old man suddenly falls down in front of you, will you help him? Most of us would choose to help him 1. ________ we know it's the right thing to do. But others might refuse 2. ________ (do) so. In my opinion, we should not only think about 3. ________ (we) but others as well. I've had an experience like this before. I saw a woman walking with a baby in her arms while it 4. ________________ (rain) heavily. They were both wet because they didn't have 5. ________umbrella. I held out my umbrella for them 6. ________ (quick). because to do ourselves was raining an quickly 短文填空（二） I walked several miles with them till they got home. The woman thanked me a lot for what I did for her. At that moment, I had such a strong 7.__________ (feel) of satisfaction (满足). Offering help to people 8. ________ trouble can make them feel really warm. And perhaps one day we'll become the ones who need help. So why don't we just reach out a helpful hand whenever we can. The more we trust and help each other, the 9. __________ (good) our world will be. It's high time for us 10. __________ (show) our kindness to others. feeling in better to show See You! $