专题02 过去分词（期中复习讲义）高一英语下学期沪外版

专题02过去分词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 过去分词作定语 知识点02 过去分词作状语 知识点03 过去分词作宾语补足语 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 过去分词作定语 掌握单个分词与分词短语作定语的位置与区别；能辨别其表示“被动”或“完成”的含义。 基础必考点。在语法填空中高频出现，常考查ed形式与名词的逻辑关系。 过去分词作状语 熟练运用过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步状语；掌握其与句子主语的逻辑关系（被动）。 高频重难点。是语法填空的重点，也是阅读理解中分析长难句的关键。常与状语从句的省略结合考查。 过去分词作宾补 牢记使役动词(have/get)、感官动词(see/find)和“with复合结构”后接过去分词的用法。 高频易错点。学生在“have sth. done”和“have sb. do”结构上容易混淆，是写作提分的关键句型。 Ving vs. Ved 辨析 区分“令人……的”和“感到……的”，能根据语境准确选择。 基础必考点。常出现在语法填空和单项选择中，考查学生对形容词化非谓语动词的理解。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 过去分词作定语 用过去分词修饰名词或代词，起到限定、描绘名词的作用，功能相当于形容词，翻译时通常带“……的”，这就是过去分词作定语。 1. 具体用法（分两种位置，考试高频） （1）单个过去分词 → 放名词前面（前置定语） 直接放在被修饰的名词前，表被动/完成： a broken cup 一个破碎的杯子（杯子被打碎，动作已完成） fallen leaves 落叶（叶子已经落下，动作完成） a surprised look 惊讶的表情（人感到惊讶，表状态） （2）过去分词短语 → 放名词后面（后置定语） 短语形式要后置，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句： The letter written by my mom is on the desk. 我妈妈写的那封信在桌子上。 拆解：written by my mom 修饰 the letter，信是“被写”的，被动关系，也可以改成定语从句：The letter which was written by my mom is on the desk. The bridge built 100 years ago is still in use. 100年前建的那座桥现在还在使用。 易错&考点提醒 1. 主动vs被动区分（必考点） 名词主动发出动作→用现在分词doing；名词承受动作（被动）→用过去分词done 对比：a running boy 正在跑的男孩（男孩主动跑，用doing） a beaten boy 被打的男孩（男孩被打，被动，用done） 2. 表状态的过去分词 很多过去分词作定语时，已经变成形容词，只表状态，不强调被动动作，比如：a worried mother 焦虑的妈妈 a closed door 关着的门 3. 前置vs后置的特殊情况 少数单个过去分词作定语时，为了强调，也会后置，比如：the people invited 被邀请的人（= the invited people） 知识点02过去分词作状语 1.核心用法：过去分词用来修饰整个主句或主句的谓语动词，在句中交代时间、原因、伴随、条件、让步等背景情况，充当状语成分，就是过去分词作状语。 2.功能转换：相当于一个状语从句。 （1）表时间（相当于when/after引导的时间状语从句） Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful. = When the city is seen from the top of the hill, it looks beautiful. 从山顶看，这座城市很美。 拆解：city是“被看”的，被动，逻辑主语city和主句主语一致，正确。 （2）表原因（相当于because/as引导的原因状语从句） Tired by the long journey, he fell asleep immediately. = Because he was tired by the long journey, he fell asleep immediately. 因为长途旅行太累了，他立刻就睡着了。 拆解：he是“被累到”的，被动，逻辑主语一致。 （3）表条件（相当于if/unless引导的条件状语从句） Given more time, we can finish the work better. = If we are given more time, we can finish the work better. 如果给我们更多时间，我们能把工作做得更好。 拆解：we是“被给时间”的，被动。 （4）表伴随/方式（主句动作和分词动作同时发生） He stood there, surprised by the news. 他站在那里，被这个消息震惊了。 拆解：he是“被震惊”的，被动，补充主句的状态。 （5）表让步（相当于though/although引导的让步状语从句） Beaten by the opponent, he didn’t give up. = Though he was beaten by the opponent, he didn’t give up. 虽然被对手打败了，但他没有放弃。 知识点03过去分词作宾语补足语 1.核心用法：放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语的状态、动作，让句子意思完整，这个起补充作用的过去分词，就是过去分词作宾语补足语（宾补）。 2.常见结构： （1）感官动词（see/hear/watch/notice/find等） I found the window broken. 我发现窗户被打碎了。（窗户被打碎，被动，补充窗户的状态） He heard his name called. 他听见自己的名字被叫到了。（名字被喊，被动） （2）使役动词（have/get/make/let等） I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天剪了头发。（头发被剪，被动，have sth done 是高频固定结构，表“让某事被做”） She got her bike repaired. 她把自行车修好了。（自行车被修，被动） （3）表示“希望、要求、认为”的动词（want/wish/like/consider等） I want the work finished before 5. 我希望工作在5点前完成。（工作被完成，被动） He considered the problem solved. 他认为问题已经解决了。（问题被解决，完成） 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 过去分词作定语 1．The old temple, (locate) at the foot of the mountain, remains popular with tourists. 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：误填locating（现在分词） 原因：混淆了过去分词和现在分词。动词locate与名词短语the old temple之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词located作定语。 解｜题｜技｜巧 步骤 操作 本例题应用 Step 1 找谓语动词，确定空格为非谓语 was built是谓语，inspire需用非谓语形式 Step 2 找逻辑主语（被修饰的名词） pavilion Step 3 判断主被动关系 pavilion与inspire是“被启发”，被动 Step 4 得出答案 被动 → 过去分词 inspired 即时检测 1．The appeal to tourists has come as Chinese brands such as Labubu, a designer plush toy (make) by Pop Mart, and electric-car maker BYD are gaining international recognition. 2．Many customs (pass) down from our ancestors are still kept in our daily life. 3．Studies show that students often (expose) to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems. 4．This humble beginning evolved into a delicate craft, (celebrate) for its complicated detail and expressive charm. 典例02过去分词作状语 When (see) from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful. 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：误填seeing 原因：忽略了主语the scenery与see之间的被动关系。“看”这个动作不是它发出的，而是别人对它发出的。 对比：When asking for help, he is always polite.（他主动请求帮助时，很礼貌）→ he与ask是主动关系。 解｜题｜技｜巧 “状语从句省略”黄金法则： 条件：从句主语与主句主语一致 且 从句谓语含有be动词 操作：省略“主语 + be”，保留连词和后面的分词 主被动判断： 主语与动词是主动关系 → when/while + doing 主语与动词是被动关系 → when/while + done 原从句 省略后 关系 when he was asked when asked 被动 when he was walking when walking 主动 if it is heated if heated 被动 即时检测 1． (position) near the Grand Via, a vital European trade route, the house played host to merchants bringing exotic goods and knowledge from the Far East. 2． (compare) with other provinces, they are also larger in number, and have bigger impact. 3． (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much criticism from other scientists. 4． (give) enough care and guidance, the students will avoid many embarrassing mistakes. 典例03过去分词作宾语补足语 （2020·新课标II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 【答案】 decorated 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：混淆have sth. done（让别人做）与have sb. do（让某人做） I will have my bike repaired. → 我的车被修（别人修） I will have my brother repair the bike. → 我让弟弟修（弟弟主动修） 高频动词清单（后接过去分词作宾补）： 使役动词：have, get, make, keep, leave 感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel 解｜题｜技｜巧 “宾补结构”三步判断法： 结构 含义 关系 例句 see sb. do 看见某人做了某事 主动，已完成 I saw him leave. see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事 主动，进行中 I saw him leaving. see sth. done 看见某事被做 被动 I saw the bike repaired. 记忆口诀：“do主动已完成，doing主动正进行，done被动要分清” 即时检测 1．The old man found himself (lose) in the deep forest near the ancient village. 2．With all teaching materials (adapt) for the students’ level, the teacher could finally focus on designing interactive activities. 3．Writing goals on paper can keep yourself (remind) of what you are working for and keep you focused. 4．Their wooden carvings and folk songs keep people (remind) of a shared heritage through time and change. 5．Looking around, I found myself (surround) by a group of children full of curiosity. 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：12分钟） 1．Make sure to keep track of all the files (download) from the Internet. 2．Zhang Xuefeng, a popular Chinese education influencer (know) online, died on March 24th. 3．The professor (refer) to in his speech is a famous scientist. 4．The foldable chair (design) by Shirley is most helpful to the elderly. 5．He found himself (surround) with love and care from his family. 6．The street looks beautiful with all the trees (decorate). 7．The square looks even more magnificent with all the fountains (turn) on at night. 8．Certain chemicals in the lab can cause longterm health problems if (breathe) in. 9． (compare) to life in the city, life in the countryside is quieter. 10．When (face) with adversity, it is resilience that helps us bounce back. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．The charity organization raised funds to help those (injure) in the fire. 2．The speech (deliver) by the expert yesterday impressed everyone present. 3．When making art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message (hide) within the work. 4．The ideas (absorb) from the lecture inspired us to explore science deeply. 5．With all the work (finish), we finally had a chance to take a relaxing holiday by the sea. 6．I saw the fallen tree (sweep) away by the flood. 7．We’re sorry to find students (occupy) with loads of assignment after school. 8． (inspire) by the great musician, he decided to learn the piano. 9． (follow) by a great noise, a bright light struck across the sky. 10．Once, (know) primarily as an industrial city, or as a famous “barbecue capital” in recent years, Zibo has found a new identity rooted in art and heritage. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1． (trap) in the freezing water, Kiana knew the only effective plan was to get to shore herself and find help. 2． (beat) down by failure and selfdoubt, he nearly gave up. But a gentle voice from behind pulled him back from the edge. 3．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pumps so much that she had it （deliver）to her house every day. 4． (view) from the top of the mountain at sunrise, the whole city presents an extremely wonderful sight that attracts thousands of tourists every year. 5．When you wear a VR headset (equip) with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by threedimages, sounds and other sensory information. 6．In Türkiye, the traditional Chinese board game go, (know) by its Chinese name weiqi, is gaining remarkable popularity as a cultural bridge connecting Türkiye and China. 7． (Operate) from the ground, the drone minimizes risks, resists level7 winds, and can work on rainy days, addressing the high accident rate and weather limitations of traditional methods. 8．Rooted in over a thousand years of history, their origins are often linked to legends where eatable figures were used in ceremonies. This humble beginning evolved into a delicate craft, (celebrate) for its complicated detail and expressive charm. 9．Piececool, a toy brand (locate) in south China’s Dongguan, combines distinctive cultural features with its creative product line, winning recognition domestically and abroad. 10． (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia, the QinghaiTibet Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China. 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02过去分词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 过去分词作定语 知识点02 过去分词作状语 知识点03 过去分词作宾语补足语 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 过去分词作定语 掌握单个分词与分词短语作定语的位置与区别；能辨别其表示“被动”或“完成”的含义。 基础必考点。在语法填空中高频出现，常考查ed形式与名词的逻辑关系。 过去分词作状语 熟练运用过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步状语；掌握其与句子主语的逻辑关系（被动）。 高频重难点。是语法填空的重点，也是阅读理解中分析长难句的关键。常与状语从句的省略结合考查。 过去分词作宾补 牢记使役动词(have/get)、感官动词(see/find)和“with复合结构”后接过去分词的用法。 高频易错点。学生在“have sth. done”和“have sb. do”结构上容易混淆，是写作提分的关键句型。 Ving vs. Ved 辨析 区分“令人……的”和“感到……的”，能根据语境准确选择。 基础必考点。常出现在语法填空和单项选择中，考查学生对形容词化非谓语动词的理解。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 过去分词作定语 用过去分词修饰名词或代词，起到限定、描绘名词的作用，功能相当于形容词，翻译时通常带“……的”，这就是过去分词作定语。 1. 具体用法（分两种位置，考试高频） （1）单个过去分词 → 放名词前面（前置定语） 直接放在被修饰的名词前，表被动/完成： a broken cup 一个破碎的杯子（杯子被打碎，动作已完成） fallen leaves 落叶（叶子已经落下，动作完成） a surprised look 惊讶的表情（人感到惊讶，表状态） （2）过去分词短语 → 放名词后面（后置定语） 短语形式要后置，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句： The letter written by my mom is on the desk. 我妈妈写的那封信在桌子上。 拆解：written by my mom 修饰 the letter，信是“被写”的，被动关系，也可以改成定语从句：The letter which was written by my mom is on the desk. The bridge built 100 years ago is still in use. 100年前建的那座桥现在还在使用。 易错&考点提醒 1. 主动vs被动区分（必考点） 名词主动发出动作→用现在分词doing；名词承受动作（被动）→用过去分词done 对比：a running boy 正在跑的男孩（男孩主动跑，用doing） a beaten boy 被打的男孩（男孩被打，被动，用done） 2. 表状态的过去分词 很多过去分词作定语时，已经变成形容词，只表状态，不强调被动动作，比如：a worried mother 焦虑的妈妈 a closed door 关着的门 3. 前置vs后置的特殊情况 少数单个过去分词作定语时，为了强调，也会后置，比如：the people invited 被邀请的人（= the invited people） 知识点02过去分词作状语 1.核心用法：过去分词用来修饰整个主句或主句的谓语动词，在句中交代时间、原因、伴随、条件、让步等背景情况，充当状语成分，就是过去分词作状语。 2.功能转换：相当于一个状语从句。 （1）表时间（相当于when/after引导的时间状语从句） Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful. = When the city is seen from the top of the hill, it looks beautiful. 从山顶看，这座城市很美。 拆解：city是“被看”的，被动，逻辑主语city和主句主语一致，正确。 （2）表原因（相当于because/as引导的原因状语从句） Tired by the long journey, he fell asleep immediately. = Because he was tired by the long journey, he fell asleep immediately. 因为长途旅行太累了，他立刻就睡着了。 拆解：he是“被累到”的，被动，逻辑主语一致。 （3）表条件（相当于if/unless引导的条件状语从句） Given more time, we can finish the work better. = If we are given more time, we can finish the work better. 如果给我们更多时间，我们能把工作做得更好。 拆解：we是“被给时间”的，被动。 （4）表伴随/方式（主句动作和分词动作同时发生） He stood there, surprised by the news. 他站在那里，被这个消息震惊了。 拆解：he是“被震惊”的，被动，补充主句的状态。 （5）表让步（相当于though/although引导的让步状语从句） Beaten by the opponent, he didn’t give up. = Though he was beaten by the opponent, he didn’t give up. 虽然被对手打败了，但他没有放弃。 知识点03过去分词作宾语补足语 1.核心用法：放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语的状态、动作，让句子意思完整，这个起补充作用的过去分词，就是过去分词作宾语补足语（宾补）。 2.常见结构： （1）感官动词（see/hear/watch/notice/find等） I found the window broken. 我发现窗户被打碎了。（窗户被打碎，被动，补充窗户的状态） He heard his name called. 他听见自己的名字被叫到了。（名字被喊，被动） （2）使役动词（have/get/make/let等） I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天剪了头发。（头发被剪，被动，have sth done 是高频固定结构，表“让某事被做”） She got her bike repaired. 她把自行车修好了。（自行车被修，被动） （3）表示“希望、要求、认为”的动词（want/wish/like/consider等） I want the work finished before 5. 我希望工作在5点前完成。（工作被完成，被动） He considered the problem solved. 他认为问题已经解决了。（问题被解决，完成） 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 过去分词作定语 1．The old temple, (locate) at the foot of the mountain, remains popular with tourists. 【答案】located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座位于山脚下的古庙仍然深受游客欢迎。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词短语the old temple，动词locate与名词短语the old temple之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词located作定语。故填located。 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：误填locating（现在分词） 原因：混淆了过去分词和现在分词。动词locate与名词短语the old temple之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词located作定语。 解｜题｜技｜巧 步骤 操作 本例题应用 Step 1 找谓语动词，确定空格为非谓语 was built是谓语，inspire需用非谓语形式 Step 2 找逻辑主语（被修饰的名词） pavilion Step 3 判断主被动关系 pavilion与inspire是“被启发”，被动 Step 4 得出答案 被动 → 过去分词 inspired 即时检测 1．The appeal to tourists has come as Chinese brands such as Labubu, a designer plush toy (make) by Pop Mart, and electric-car maker BYD are gaining international recognition. 【答案】made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着泡泡玛特制作的潮流玩偶拉布布和电动汽车制造商比亚迪等中国品牌获得国际认可，中国的旅游吸引力也随之而来。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作toy的后置定语，make“制作”和toy逻辑上是被动关系，因此用make的过去分词形式表被动，故填made。 2．Many customs (pass) down from our ancestors are still kept in our daily life. 【答案】passed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多从我们祖先那里传承下来的习俗在我们日常生活中依然保留着。句中已有谓语are still kept，pass down（传承）与customs（习俗）是被动关系，即习俗被传承，所以用过去分词passed作后置定语。故填passed。 3．Studies show that students often (expose) to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，经常承受过大压力的学生往往会出现心理问题。该空所给动词expose意为“使暴露于，使接触到”在句中作后置定语修饰名词students，students与expose为被动关系，用过去分词exposed。故填exposed。 4．This humble beginning evolved into a delicate craft, (celebrate) for its complicated detail and expressive charm. 【答案】celebrated 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：这个不起眼的开端逐渐发展成一门精巧的手艺，其复杂的细节和富有表现力的魅力备受赞誉。分析可知，“______ (celebrate) for its complicated detail …”为之前名词短语“a delicate craft”的后置定语，名词与动词“celebrate”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填celebrated。 典例02过去分词作状语 When (see) from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful. 【答案】seen 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看的话，说实话，这里的景色显得更加美丽了。此处see与scenery构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填seen。 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：误填seeing 原因：忽略了主语the scenery与see之间的被动关系。“看”这个动作不是它发出的，而是别人对它发出的。 对比：When asking for help, he is always polite.（他主动请求帮助时，很礼貌）→ he与ask是主动关系。 解｜题｜技｜巧 “状语从句省略”黄金法则： 条件：从句主语与主句主语一致 且 从句谓语含有be动词 操作：省略“主语 + be”，保留连词和后面的分词 主被动判断： 主语与动词是主动关系 → when/while + doing 主语与动词是被动关系 → when/while + done 原从句 省略后 关系 when he was asked when asked 被动 when he was walking when walking 主动 if it is heated if heated 被动 即时检测 1． (position) near the Grand Via, a vital European trade route, the house played host to merchants bringing exotic goods and knowledge from the Far East. 【答案】Positioned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：位于欧洲重要贸易路线格兰维亚大道附近，这栋房子曾接待过从远东带来异国商品和知识的商人。句中已有谓语played，空处为非谓语，position“安置，使处于”和the house逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用position的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Positioned。 2． (compare) with other provinces, they are also larger in number, and have bigger impact. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他省份相比，它们的数量也更多，影响也更大。本句已有谓语动词are，空处需用非谓语动词作状语，compare与其逻辑主语they之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词compared，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。 3． (consider) the world’s leading expert on chimpanzees, she found her approach initially met with much criticism from other scientists. 【答案】Considered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为世界上研究黑猩猩领域的顶尖专家，她发现自己的研究方法起初遭到了其他科学家的诸多批评。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，consider“认为，视作”和she逻辑上是被动关系，因此用consider的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Considered。 4． (give) enough care and guidance, the students will avoid many embarrassing mistakes. 【答案】Given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果给予足够的关心和指导，学生们将避免许多尴尬的错误。“(give) enough care and guidance”作条件状语，give(给予，提供)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语主语the students之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Given。 典例03过去分词作宾语补足语 （2020·新课标II卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 【答案】 decorated 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点：混淆have sth. done（让别人做）与have sb. do（让某人做） I will have my bike repaired. → 我的车被修（别人修） I will have my brother repair the bike. → 我让弟弟修（弟弟主动修） 高频动词清单（后接过去分词作宾补）： 使役动词：have, get, make, keep, leave 感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel 解｜题｜技｜巧 “宾补结构”三步判断法： 结构 含义 关系 例句 see sb. do 看见某人做了某事 主动，已完成 I saw him leave. see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事 主动，进行中 I saw him leaving. see sth. done 看见某事被做 被动 I saw the bike repaired. 记忆口诀：“do主动已完成，doing主动正进行，done被动要分清” 即时检测 1．The old man found himself (lose) in the deep forest near the ancient village. 【答案】lost 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位老人发现自己在古村落附近的深林里迷路了。此处为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，himself与lose构成被动关系，表示“迷路的”，用过去分词lost。故填lost。 2．With all teaching materials (adapt) for the students’ level, the teacher could finally focus on designing interactive activities. 【答案】adapted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有教学材料都根据学生水平进行了改写，老师终于可以专注于设计互动活动了。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，adapt“改编，改写”和materials逻辑上是被动关系，且结合“the teacher could finally focus on designing interactive activities”可知，该行为已完成，因此用adapt过去分词形式。故填adapted。 3．Writing goals on paper can keep yourself (remind) of what you are working for and keep you focused. 【答案】reminded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把目标写在纸上能提醒你一直记得自己奋斗的方向，并且保持专注。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定结构keep sb. done，yourself与remind是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，reminded符合语境。故填reminded。 4．Their wooden carvings and folk songs keep people (remind) of a shared heritage through time and change. 【答案】reminded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他们的木雕和民歌让人们通过时间和变化想起共同的遗产。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，remind与people之间是被动关系，用过去分词reminded作宾补，故填reminded。 5．Looking around, I found myself (surround) by a group of children full of curiosity. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环顾四周，我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子包围了。句中已有谓语动词found，故surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语myself构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：12分钟） 1．Make sure to keep track of all the files (download) from the Internet. 【答案】downloaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一定要记录好所有从网上下载的文件。句中已有谓语动词Make sure，故空处需填非谓语动词，files与download之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填downloaded。 2．Zhang Xuefeng, a popular Chinese education influencer (know) online, died on March 24th. 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张雪峰，一位在网上广为人知的中国热门教育博主，于3月24 日去世。此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰influencer，influencer和know为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式known。故填known。 3．The professor (refer) to in his speech is a famous scientist. 【答案】referred 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在演讲中提到的那位教授是一位著名的科学家。句中已有谓语动词is，空处用非谓语动词，refer to和主语professor为被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语。故填referred。 4．The foldable chair (design) by Shirley is most helpful to the elderly. 【答案】designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：雪莉设计的折叠椅对老年人最有帮助。空格处应填非谓语动词作定语，结合句意可知，逻辑主语chair和design为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。 5．He found himself (surround) with love and care from his family. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现自己被家人的爱与关怀包围着。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，宾语himself与surround为被动关系，表示“被包围”，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。 6．The street looks beautiful with all the trees (decorate). 【答案】decorated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的树都装饰好了，这条街看起来很美。此处为with复合结构作状语，trees与decorate为被动关系，用过去分词decorated意为“被装饰”作宾补。故填decorated。 7．The square looks even more magnificent with all the fountains (turn) on at night. 【答案】turned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：到了晚上，所有的喷泉都开启，这个广场显得更加宏伟壮观了。此处是with复合结构，fountains和turn之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填turned。 8．Certain chemicals in the lab can cause longterm health problems if (breathe) in. 【答案】breathed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：实验室中的某些化学物质如果被吸入体内，可能会导致长期的健康问题。此处breathe与chemicals构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填breathed。 9． (compare) to life in the city, life in the countryside is quieter. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与城市生活相比，乡村生活更安静。主语country life与动词compare之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared。 10．When (face) with adversity, it is resilience that helps us bounce back. 【答案】faced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当面对逆境时，是韧性帮助我们重新振作起来。be faced with“面临”是固定搭配，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。故填faced。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．The charity organization raised funds to help those (injure) in the fire. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个慈善组织筹集资金来帮助那些在火灾中受伤的人。空处为定语，修饰代词those，those与injure之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰those，表示“在火灾中受伤的人”，所以injure变为injured。故填injured。 2．The speech (deliver) by the expert yesterday impressed everyone present. 【答案】delivered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天那位专家发表的演讲给在场的每个人都留下了深刻印象。句中已有谓语动词impressed，空处应用非谓语动词，deliver和逻辑主语speech之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。 3．When making art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message (hide) within the work. 【答案】hidden 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在进行艺术批评时，你必须假定艺术家在作品中隐藏了一个秘密信息。分析句子结构可知，hide在句中应用非谓语动词形式作定语。该动词与逻辑主语message构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填hidden。 4．The ideas (absorb) from the lecture inspired us to explore science deeply. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从讲座中吸收的想法激励我们深入探索科学。The ideas与absorb之间是被动关系，即想法被吸收，所以用过去分词absorbed，作后置定语。故填absorbed。 5．With all the work (finish), we finally had a chance to take a relaxing holiday by the sea. 【答案】finished 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有工作都完成后，我们终于有机会去海边度一个轻松的假期了。根据句子结构可知， “With all the work”和空格部分构成“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语。此处work与动词finish之间为被动关系(工作被完成)，因此应使用过去分词形式finished表示被动和完成。故填finished。   6．I saw the fallen tree (sweep) away by the flood. 【答案】swept 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我看见倒下的树被洪水冲走了。句中已有谓语saw，空处作非谓语动词，sweep与逻辑主语the fallen tree之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式swept作宾语补足语。故填swept。 7．We’re sorry to find students (occupy) with loads of assignment after school. 【答案】occupied 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们遗憾地发现，学生们放学后被大量作业占满了时间。“find sb. + 宾语补足语”为固定结构，“be occupied with”为固定搭配，意为“忙于；被……占满”，此处省略“be”动词，直接用过去分词 occupied 作补足语，故填 occupied。 8． (inspire) by the great musician, he decided to learn the piano. 【答案】Inspired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到这位伟大音乐家的启发，他决定学习钢琴。“(inspire) by the great musician”作原因状语，inspire(启发)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“he”之间是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动和完成；置于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Inspired。 9． (follow) by a great noise, a bright light struck across the sky. 【答案】Followed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一道强光划破天空，随后传来巨大的声响。本句谓语为struck，此处为非谓语动词，且a bright light与follow“跟随，接着……发生”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Followed。 10．Once, (know) primarily as an industrial city, or as a famous “barbecue capital” in recent years, Zibo has found a new identity rooted in art and heritage. 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：淄博曾主要以工业城市闻名，近年来又以“烧烤之都”著称，如今它找到了植根于艺术与遗产的新身份。句子已有谓语has found，此处应是非谓语形式，且Zibo与know是动宾关系，应用过去分词known，作状语。故填known。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1． (trap) in the freezing water, Kiana knew the only effective plan was to get to shore herself and find help. 【答案】Trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被困在冰冷的水中，基安娜知道唯一有效的计划就是自己上岸寻求帮助。句中已有谓语动词knew，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，trap与其逻辑主语Kiana之间为被动关系，需填过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Trapped。 2． (beat) down by failure and selfdoubt, he nearly gave up. But a gentle voice from behind pulled him back from the edge. 【答案】Beaten 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于屡次遭遇失败以及自我怀疑，他几乎要放弃了。但身后传来的一声轻柔的呼唤将他从悬崖边缘拉了回来。空处作状语，he与beat构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Beaten。 3．It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pumps so much that she had it （deliver）to her house every day. 【答案】delivered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，以至于她每天都让人把水送到家里。此处应为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，非谓语动词作宾补，其中deliver与宾语it之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填delivered。 4． (view) from the top of the mountain at sunrise, the whole city presents an extremely wonderful sight that attracts thousands of tourists every year. 【答案】Viewed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在日出时从山顶上看，整个城市呈现出一幅极其美妙的景象，每年吸引着成千上万的游客。本句已有谓语动词presents，所以view用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语是the whole city是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Viewed。 5．When you wear a VR headset (equip) with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by threedimages, sounds and other sensory information. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你戴上配备传感器和屏幕的VR头显时，你会被三维图像、声音及其他感官信息所环绕。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰headset，动词equip和a VR headset是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填equipped。 6．In Türkiye, the traditional Chinese board game go, (know) by its Chinese name weiqi, is gaining remarkable popularity as a cultural bridge connecting Türkiye and China. 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在土耳其，传统的中国棋类游戏“围棋”，以其中文名“围棋”为人所知，正因其作为连接土耳其与中国的文化纽带而逐渐受到广泛欢迎。句子的谓语动词是is gaining，此处为非谓语动词，the traditional Chinese board game go与know为被动关系，用过去分词known作后置定语。故known。 7． (Operate) from the ground, the drone minimizes risks, resists level7 winds, and can work on rainy days, addressing the high accident rate and weather limitations of traditional methods. 【答案】Operated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从地面操作，无人机将风险降至最低，能抵御7 级风，还可在雨天作业，解决了传统方法事故率高和天气限制的问题。the drone 与operate 是动宾关系(无人机被操作)，应用过去分词operated，作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Operated。 8．Rooted in over a thousand years of history, their origins are often linked to legends where eatable figures were used in ceremonies. This humble beginning evolved into a delicate craft, (celebrate) for its complicated detail and expressive charm. 【答案】celebrated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其历史可追溯至千余年前，其起源常与传说中的食用人偶用于仪式相关联。这一卑微的开端逐渐演变成了一门精致的手艺，因其复杂的细节和生动的魅力而备受赞誉。此处为非谓语动词，a delicate craft 与celebrate 为被动关系，用过去分词celebrated 作后置定语。故填celebrated。 9．Piececool, a toy brand (locate) in south China’s Dongguan, combines distinctive cultural features with its creative product line, winning recognition domestically and abroad. 【答案】located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Piececool 是一家位于中国南部东莞的玩具品牌，其灵感来源于博物馆、文学和壁画，将独特的文化特色与创意产品线相结合，在国内外赢得了认可。combines为谓语动词，“(locate) in south China’s Dongguan”作后置定语，locate(位于；坐落于)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语a toy brand 之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填located。 10． (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia, the QinghaiTibet Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China. 【答案】Labeled/Labelled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：青藏高原被誉为世界屋脊、亚洲水塔，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词；label 和逻辑主语the QinghaiTibet Plateau之间是被动关系，label用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Labeled/Labelled。 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $