专题01 现在分词（期中复习讲义）高一英语下学期沪外版

专题01现在分词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 现在分词作状语 知识点02 现在分词作定语 知识点03 现在分词作宾语补足语 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 现在分词作状语 1. 精准掌握现在分词作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语的核心逻辑；2. 熟练区分分词一般式（doing）与完成式（having done）的时间先后关系；3. 牢牢把控分词逻辑主语与主句主语的一致性原则；4. 能准确辨析分词作状语与过去分词作状语的用法差异。 1. 全学段高频核心考点，语法填空、书面表达为核心考查载体；2. 命题侧重 “逻辑一致性” 陷阱，常结合连词（如 because、when）设置错误辨析题；3. 书面表达中为高分句式，考查用分词结构简化从句的能力，完成式（having done）为高阶考查点；4. 常与非谓语动词（不定式、过去分词）综合考查，区分主动 / 被动、进行 / 完成的时态逻辑。 现在分词作定语 1. 熟练掌握单个现在分词作前置定语、分词短语作后置定语的结构与位置；2. 能实现分词定语与定语从句（who/which/that...）的相互转换；3. 精准把握 “主动、进行” 核心含义，区分与过去分词（被动、完成）的适用场景；4. 掌握 “being done” 作定语表被动进行的特殊用法，及 “to be done” 表将来被动的区别。 1. 高考基础高频考点，语法填空为主要出题形式，阅读中常作句意理解铺垫；2. 易错点集中在 “主动 / 被动” 混淆，及短语作后置定语时的语序错误；3. 常与非谓语动词综合考查，结合语境区分 “分词定语” 与 “不定式定语”；4. 书面表达中常用分词定语简化修饰语，提升句式简洁度，是提升作文文采的关键考点。 现在分词作宾补 1. 掌握感官动词（see、hear、watch 等）、使役 / 留存动词（have、keep、leave 等）后接现在分词作宾补的固定搭配；2. 熟练辨析 “宾语 + doing”（动作进行中）与 “宾语 + do”（动作完成 / 常态）的用法差异；3. 理解 with 复合结构中现在分词作宾补的用法及功能；4. 能准确转换主动 / 被动语态下的现在分词宾补结构，掌握 “宾语 + being done” 的特殊考查形式。 1. 高考重难点考点，听力长难句、阅读复杂句式为高频出现场景，书面表达可作为高级句式加分项；2. 核心易错点为 “主动 / 被动” 辨析，常与过去分词作宾补对比考查，区分动作的发生状态；3. 命题常结合语境考查 “keep/leave sth doing” 等固定搭配，及 with 复合结构在句中作状语 / 定语的用法；4. 被动语态中 “be found/seen doing” 为必考变形，考查对宾补结构的迁移应用能力。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 现在分词作状语 现在分词用来修饰整个主句或主句的谓语动词，在句中交代时间、原因、伴随、结果、条件等背景情况，充当状语成分，就是现在分词作状语。 要点精讲： 1. 表时间 Hearing the news, she cried. = When she heard the news, she cried. 一听到消息，她就哭了。 2. 表原因 Being late, he missed the first class. = Because he was late, he missed the first class. 因为迟到，他错过了第一节课。 3. 表伴随 He sat there, reading a magazine. 他坐在那儿，看着杂志。（坐着的同时在看书） 4. 表结果 His father died suddenly, making the whole family sad. 他父亲突然离世，让全家人都很难过。 5. 表条件 Working hard, you will get good grades. = If you work hard, you will get good grades. 肯努力，就能取得好成绩。 知识点02现在分词作定语 现在分词用来修饰名词或代词，起到限定、描绘名词的作用，功能相当于形容词，叫作现在分词作定语。 要点精讲： 1. 单个doing单词 → 放名词前面 a sleeping baby 一个正在睡觉的婴儿 a running stream 一条流淌的小溪 2. doing短语（一串词）→ 放名词后面（后置定语） The girl standing by the window is my deskmate. 释义：站在窗边的那个女孩是我的同桌。 这里 standing by the window 专门修饰the girl。 易错提醒： 名词承受动作（被动）不能用doing，要用过去分词，比如 fallen leaves（落叶），不说falling leaves。 知识点03现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词作状语放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语的动作状态、特征情况，让句子意思更完整，这个现在分词就叫作宾语补足语。 要点精讲： 1.观感使役动词后：用于 see, hear, watch, feel, notice, have, leave, keep 等动词后，表示“看见/听见/让……某人/某物正在做某事”。 I heard an English song being sung by the little girl. (听到一首歌正在被唱) I won't have you speaking to your dad like that. (我不会允许你那样和你爸爸说话) Don't leave the machine running. (别让机器一直开着) 2.with复合结构：“with + 名词/代词 + 现在分词”，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。 I stood before her with my heart beating fast. 3.独立主格结构：省略 with 后，“名词/代词 + 现在分词”构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 Time permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 现在分词作状语 1． (date) back to the Sui Dynasty, the old building is still in good condition.   【答案】Dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座古老的建筑可以追溯到隋朝，但仍然保存完好。“(date) back to the Sui Dynasty”作状语，date back to(追溯到)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“the old building”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Dating。 易｜错｜点｜拨 无被动语态动词 核心规律：某些动词（如 date back to, belong to, consist of, occur 等）没有被动语态，只能用主动形式（现在分词）表达，不能因逻辑关系看似被动而误用过去分词。 动词 正确形式 错误形式 date back to dating back to dated back to ❌ belong to belonging to belonged to ❌ consist of consisting of consisted of ❌ 记忆口诀：“追溯属于由组成，这些动词无被动，看见它们用ing。” 即时检测 1．Every day, I walked from my dorm to the classroom, (carry) thousands of sheets of music and I needed to memorize them in a short time. 【答案】carrying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天，我都从宿舍走到教室，带着成千上万张乐谱，我需要在短时间内记住它们。句中已有谓语动词walked，所以此处应用carry的非谓语动词形式，carry与逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填carrying。 2． (face) difficulties every time, the boy is determined to overcome them with great bravery. 【答案】Facing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每次面对困难，这个男孩都决心以极大的勇气克服它们。本句谓语是is，face应用非谓语动词。主语the boy和face之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，作状语。首字母大写。故填Facing。 3．It is believed to clean the skin and remove negative energy, thereby (promote) good fortune and well-being. 【答案】promoting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为它能清洁肌肤、去除负能量，从而增进好运与健康。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is believed，此处应用非谓语动词作结果状语，promote与句子的主语it之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填promoting。 4．Both sides celebrated the lion dance as a form of shared history, jointly (promote) and safeguarding the heritage. 【答案】promoting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：双方将舞狮作为共享历史的一种形式来庆祝，共同推广和保护这一遗产。句中已有谓语动celebrated，且无连词连接，故空处应用非谓语动词；主语Both sides与动词promote之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，与后文的safeguarding形成并列结构。故填promoting。 典例02现在分词作定语 The people (suffer) from serious injuries were sent to the nearest hospital immediately.   【答案】suffering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那些遭受重伤的人们被立刻送往最近的医院。“(suffer) from serious injuries”作后置定语，suffer(遭受)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填suffering。 易｜错｜点｜拨 现在分词作定语的两种形式 类型 位置 示例 前置定语 单个分词放在名词前 styling tips（造型建议） 后置定语 分词短语放在名词后 a language connecting economies（连接经济的语言） 判断技巧：现在分词作定语表示主动、进行的动作。单个分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。 即时检测 1．There is evidence (suggest) that our traditional customs are disappearing. 【答案】suggesting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有证据表明我们的传统习俗正在消失。“(suggest) that our traditional customs…”作后置定语，suggest(表明)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语evidence之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填suggesting。 2．A number of psychologists (conduct) experiments have reached some surprising conclusions. 【答案】conducting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多进行实验的心理学家得出了一些令人惊讶的结论。此处conduct与psychologists构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填conducting。 3．There are over 100 athletes from all over the country (participate) in the competition. 【答案】participating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自全国各地的100多名运动员参加了比赛。句子为there be句型，空处是非谓语，作athletes的后置定语，participate in“参与，参加”和athletes逻辑上是主动关系，且动作在进行中，因此用participate的现在分词形式。故填participating。 4．Bamboo weaving art, (originate) from the Warring States period 2,000 years ago, has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】originating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：竹编艺术起源于2000多年前的战国时期，已经成为中国传统文化的重要组成部分。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰Bamboo weaving art，Bamboo weaving art和originate为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填originating。 典例03现在分词作宾语补足语 1．I saw him (cross) the street and then enter a bookstore. 【答案】crossing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我看到他穿过街道，然后走进了一家书店。see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事。现在分词作宾语补足语。故填crossing。 易｜错｜点｜拨 with复合结构中的宾补形式 结构公式：with + 名词/代词 + 宾语补足语 宾补形式 逻辑关系 时间状态 示例 with + 宾语 + doing 主动 正在进行 with the impact continuing to grow（影响不断增加） with + 宾语 + done 被动 已完成 with the work finished（工作被完成） with + 宾语 + to do 主动/被动 将来 with much work to do（有许多工作要做） 即时检测 1．When I passed the bedroom, I heard my mother (whisper) something to my grandma. 【答案】whispering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我经过卧室时，我听到妈妈在和奶奶低声说些什么。句中涉及固定短语hear sb. doing sth.，意为“听见某人正在做某事”，whisper意为“低声说”，动词词性，现在分词为whispering，作宾语补足语。故填whispering。 2．With the next class (approach), I’d like to inform you of the concrete class schedule which is about the Tang Poetry. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：下一节课即将到来，我想告知大家关于唐诗的具体课程安排。句中使用“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语“the next class”和动词approach之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填approaching。 3．The teacher left the students (finish) their assignments independently. 【答案】finishing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师让学生独立完成作业。本句谓语为left，此处为非谓语动词，leave sb. doing sth.为固定短语，意为“让某人一直做某事”，finish“完成”和students为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填finishing。 4．Entering the meeting room, I spotted Bob (sit) in the front row and I walked to him. 【答案】sitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：走进会议室，我看见鲍勃坐在第一排，就向他走去。sit和Bob之间是主动关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，使用现在分词作宾补，故填sitting。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The valuable painting (belong) to a famous artist has been on show in the city museum recently. 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅属于一位著名艺术家的珍贵画作最近在市博物馆展出。句子已有谓语has been on show，此处需用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰painting；belong to意为“属于”，该短语无被动语态，painting与belong之间为主动关系，因此需用现在分词，故填belonging。 2．If you are a teenager (live) in certain parts of the province, you could be suitable for this programme. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你是居住在该省某些地区的青少年，你可能适合参加这个项目。if引导的条件状语从句中已有谓语动词are，空用非谓语动词，live和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填living。 3．The (grow) crops in the field show a good harvest prospect. 【答案】growing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地里正在生长的庄稼显示出丰收的好前景。空处为定语，修饰“crop”，“crop”与“grow”之间是主动关系，且此处表示“正在生长的”，用现在分词作定语。故填growing。 4．Look at the (run) children on the playground. They are full of energy. 【答案】running 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看看操场上奔跑的孩子们。他们精力充沛。空格处为定语，修饰名词“children”，“children”与“run”之间是主动关系，即孩子们正在奔跑，所以用现在分词“running”作定语修饰“children”，表示“正在奔跑的”。故填running。 5．We walked through the ancient city, with tall stone walls (surround) us on both sides. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走过这座古城，两边高高的石墙环绕着我们。surround(环绕)是with的复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语tall stone walls之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填surrounding。 6．With final exam (approach), I grew increasingly nervous. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着期末考试临近，我变得越来越紧张。approach(靠近，临近)作with复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语final exam之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填approaching。 7．He fell asleep with the light (burn). 【答案】burning 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：他开着灯睡着了。light与burn之间是主动关系，表示灯正亮着，所以用现在分词burning作宾语补足语。故填burning。 8． (wave) goodbye to her parents, the girl got on the train slowly. 【答案】Waving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：女孩向父母挥手告别，慢慢地登上了火车。该句中got为谓语动词，且无连词，所以此处使用非谓语动词，the girl与wave为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Waving。 9．She began to sob again, (bury) her face in the pillow. 【答案】burying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她又开始抽泣，把脸埋在枕头里。本句已有谓语动词began，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，she和bury为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填burying。 10．Mum was busy in the kitchen, (cook) dinner for the whole family. 【答案】cooking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：妈妈在厨房忙碌着，为全家人做晚餐。句中已有was，空处作非谓语动词，cook与主语Mum构成主动关系，用现在分词cooking作伴随状语。故填cooking。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．I really enjoy the video (show) how to protect personal information online. 【答案】showing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的很喜欢这个展示如何保护网上个人信息的视频。此处作video的后置定语，video与show之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填showing。 2．The boy (play) computer games in the corner is my younger brother. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：角落里玩电脑游戏的那个男孩是我的弟弟。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作The boy的后置定语，play“玩”和The boy逻辑上是主动关系，且结合语境可知，动作在进行中，因此用play的现在分词形式。故填playing。 3．It is an ancient port city that has a history (date) all the way back to Roman times. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一座古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。“(date) all the way back to Roman times”作后置定语，动词短语date back to(追溯到)用非谓语动词形式，且该短语无被动语态，用作非谓语动词形式时只有现在分词形式。故填dating。 4．I heard someone (knock) on the door. 【答案】knocking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我听到有人在敲门。空格处应该用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语someone与动词knock之间是主动关系，且knock表示正在进行的动作，所以用现在分词knocking作补足语。故填knocking。 5．Someone who witnesses another person (employ) the gesture might think it means money. 【答案】employing 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：看到别人做这个手势的人，可能会认为这个手势代表钱。 employ在此处意为“使用（手势、词语等）”，和宾语another person之间是主动关系，需用其现在分词形式employing作宾语补足语。故填employing。 6．The teacher had the students (read) aloud for 20 minutes. ​ 【答案】reading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师让学生朗读20分钟。根据“for 20 minutes”可知，此处使用have sb doing sth，表示“让某人一直做某事”，故填reading。 7． (attempt) to open the heavy door, he hurt his back.   【答案】Attempting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：试图打开那扇沉重的门时，他伤了背部。句中已有谓语动词hurt，所以attempt应用非谓语动词形式，和逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式attempting作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Attempting。 8．She lost her balance and fell off the bike, (break) her arm. 【答案】breaking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了胳膊。句中已有谓语动词lost和fell，且无连词连接，所以break应用非谓语动词形式，它和逻辑主语She之间是主动关系，且“摔断胳膊”这一动作是“失去平衡从自行车上摔下来”这一动作产生的自然而然的结果，所以此处应用现在分词breaking作结果状语。故填breaking。 9．Many students are fed up with school life, (result) from too much homework. 【答案】resulting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很多学生对学校生活感到厌倦，这是源于作业过多。句中“学生对学校生活感到厌倦”与“作业过多”是因果关系，用现在分词resulting作原因状语，表主动。故填resulting。 10．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 【答案】hoping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在火车站入口等候，希望能接到我的朋友。主语与hope之间是主动关系，用现在分词hoping作伴随状语，故填hoping。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Lingxi X2, capable of performing tasks (range) from security guard to housekeeper, highlighted the potential of humanoid robots. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：灵犀X2能够执行从保安到家政的各种任务，突显了人形机器人的潜力。此处应为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词tasks，range和tasks为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填ranging。 2．This report (refer) to the recent study on climate change has drawn wide public attention. 【答案】referring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这份提及近期气候变化研究的报告引起了公众的广泛关注。句中已有谓语has drawn，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，report与refer to为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填referring。 3．Its roof is equipped with 1,600 square meters of solar panels, (generate) about 320,000 kilowatt-hours annually to power its needs. 【答案】generating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其屋顶装有1600平方米的太阳能电池板，每年可发电约32万千瓦时，满足自身用电需求。句子已有谓语动词is equipped with，且其与空处所给动词之间无连词，空处需用非谓语形式。generate(产生)与逻辑主语solar panels(太阳能电池板)之间是主动关系，需用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填generating。 4．This combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern baking is attracting health-conscious young consumers (seek) a convenient dose of wellness. 【答案】seeking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种将传统中医与现代烘焙相结合的创新形式，正吸引着注重健康的年轻消费者，他们渴望通过便捷的方式获取养生功效。句子已有谓语is attracting，空处是非谓语，作修饰consumers的后置定语，seek“寻求”和consumers逻辑上是主动关系，因此用seek的现在分词形式。故填seeking。 5．According to official data, international tourist arrivals into Shanghai were up nearly 40 percent in the first half of 2025, with the largest numbers of travelers (come) from South Korea, Thailand and Japan. 【答案】coming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：官方数据显示，2025年上半年上海的国际游客数量增长近40%，其中韩国、泰国和日本的游客占比最高。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，come from“来自”和the largest numbers of travelers逻辑上是主动关系，因此用come的现在分词形式。故填coming。 6．The documentary shows workers (restore) damaged murals in a 1,000-year-old temple using traditional techniques. 【答案】restoring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片展示了工人们使用传统技术修复一座千年古寺中受损的壁画。固定搭配show sb. doing sth.，workers与restore是主动关系，用现在分词restoring作宾补。故填restoring。 7．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. 【答案】sitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：告示牌张贴几天后，他就发现有人坐在那里，兴致勃勃地畅谈着。由于find sb.+非谓语动词是固定结构，本题中宾语people和所填词sit之间是逻辑上的主动关系，即“人们正坐着”，要用V-ing作宾语补足语。故填sitting。 8．We’ll spend roughly two hours climbing the mountain, (admire) the breathtaking scenery and taking photos all the way. 【答案】admiring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将花大约两个小时爬山，一路欣赏壮丽的风景和拍照。句子已有谓语动词will spend，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，admire与其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，需填现在分词形式。故填admiring。 9．It has become popular at home and abroad, (attract) famous international football stars and over 40 teams from countries like France, Argentina and Brazil. 【答案】attracting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它在国内外都很受欢迎，吸引了国际著名足球明星以及来自法国、阿根廷、巴西等国的40多支球队。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词has become，此处需用非谓语动词;主语It指代Cun Chao，与attract之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填attracting。 10．Yunnan shares an ecological environment similar to northern Thailand and Vietnam, (give) it a natural edge in tropical fruit planting. 【答案】giving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：云南的生态环境与泰国北部和越南相似，这使其在热带水果种植方面具有天然优势。此处“______ (give) it a natural edge in tropical fruit planting”表示自然而然的结果，give与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填giving。 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01现在分词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 现在分词作状语 知识点02 现在分词作定语 知识点03 现在分词作宾语补足语 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 现在分词作状语 1. 精准掌握现在分词作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语的核心逻辑；2. 熟练区分分词一般式（doing）与完成式（having done）的时间先后关系；3. 牢牢把控分词逻辑主语与主句主语的一致性原则；4. 能准确辨析分词作状语与过去分词作状语的用法差异。 1. 全学段高频核心考点，语法填空、书面表达为核心考查载体；2. 命题侧重 “逻辑一致性” 陷阱，常结合连词（如 because、when）设置错误辨析题；3. 书面表达中为高分句式，考查用分词结构简化从句的能力，完成式（having done）为高阶考查点；4. 常与非谓语动词（不定式、过去分词）综合考查，区分主动 / 被动、进行 / 完成的时态逻辑。 现在分词作定语 1. 熟练掌握单个现在分词作前置定语、分词短语作后置定语的结构与位置；2. 能实现分词定语与定语从句（who/which/that...）的相互转换；3. 精准把握 “主动、进行” 核心含义，区分与过去分词（被动、完成）的适用场景；4. 掌握 “being done” 作定语表被动进行的特殊用法，及 “to be done” 表将来被动的区别。 1. 高考基础高频考点，语法填空为主要出题形式，阅读中常作句意理解铺垫；2. 易错点集中在 “主动 / 被动” 混淆，及短语作后置定语时的语序错误；3. 常与非谓语动词综合考查，结合语境区分 “分词定语” 与 “不定式定语”；4. 书面表达中常用分词定语简化修饰语，提升句式简洁度，是提升作文文采的关键考点。 现在分词作宾补 1. 掌握感官动词（see、hear、watch 等）、使役 / 留存动词（have、keep、leave 等）后接现在分词作宾补的固定搭配；2. 熟练辨析 “宾语 + doing”（动作进行中）与 “宾语 + do”（动作完成 / 常态）的用法差异；3. 理解 with 复合结构中现在分词作宾补的用法及功能；4. 能准确转换主动 / 被动语态下的现在分词宾补结构，掌握 “宾语 + being done” 的特殊考查形式。 1. 高考重难点考点，听力长难句、阅读复杂句式为高频出现场景，书面表达可作为高级句式加分项；2. 核心易错点为 “主动 / 被动” 辨析，常与过去分词作宾补对比考查，区分动作的发生状态；3. 命题常结合语境考查 “keep/leave sth doing” 等固定搭配，及 with 复合结构在句中作状语 / 定语的用法；4. 被动语态中 “be found/seen doing” 为必考变形，考查对宾补结构的迁移应用能力。 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 现在分词作状语 现在分词用来修饰整个主句或主句的谓语动词，在句中交代时间、原因、伴随、结果、条件等背景情况，充当状语成分，就是现在分词作状语。 要点精讲： 1. 表时间 Hearing the news, she cried. = When she heard the news, she cried. 一听到消息，她就哭了。 2. 表原因 Being late, he missed the first class. = Because he was late, he missed the first class. 因为迟到，他错过了第一节课。 3. 表伴随 He sat there, reading a magazine. 他坐在那儿，看着杂志。（坐着的同时在看书） 4. 表结果 His father died suddenly, making the whole family sad. 他父亲突然离世，让全家人都很难过。 5. 表条件 Working hard, you will get good grades. = If you work hard, you will get good grades. 肯努力，就能取得好成绩。 知识点02现在分词作定语 现在分词用来修饰名词或代词，起到限定、描绘名词的作用，功能相当于形容词，叫作现在分词作定语。 要点精讲： 1. 单个doing单词 → 放名词前面 a sleeping baby 一个正在睡觉的婴儿 a running stream 一条流淌的小溪 2. doing短语（一串词）→ 放名词后面（后置定语） The girl standing by the window is my deskmate. 释义：站在窗边的那个女孩是我的同桌。 这里 standing by the window 专门修饰the girl。 易错提醒： 名词承受动作（被动）不能用doing，要用过去分词，比如 fallen leaves（落叶），不说falling leaves。 知识点03现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词作状语放在宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语的动作状态、特征情况，让句子意思更完整，这个现在分词就叫作宾语补足语。 要点精讲： 1.观感使役动词后：用于 see, hear, watch, feel, notice, have, leave, keep 等动词后，表示“看见/听见/让……某人/某物正在做某事”。 I heard an English song being sung by the little girl. (听到一首歌正在被唱) I won't have you speaking to your dad like that. (我不会允许你那样和你爸爸说话) Don't leave the machine running. (别让机器一直开着) 2.with复合结构：“with + 名词/代词 + 现在分词”，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。 I stood before her with my heart beating fast. 3.独立主格结构：省略 with 后，“名词/代词 + 现在分词”构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 Time permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 现在分词作状语 1． (date) back to the Sui Dynasty, the old building is still in good condition.   易｜错｜点｜拨 无被动语态动词 核心规律：某些动词（如 date back to, belong to, consist of, occur 等）没有被动语态，只能用主动形式（现在分词）表达，不能因逻辑关系看似被动而误用过去分词。 动词 正确形式 错误形式 date back to dating back to dated back to ❌ belong to belonging to belonged to ❌ consist of consisting of consisted of ❌ 记忆口诀：“追溯属于由组成，这些动词无被动，看见它们用ing。” 即时检测 1．Every day, I walked from my dorm to the classroom, (carry) thousands of sheets of music and I needed to memorize them in a short time. 2． (face) difficulties every time, the boy is determined to overcome them with great bravery. 3．It is believed to clean the skin and remove negative energy, thereby (promote) good fortune and well-being. 4．Both sides celebrated the lion dance as a form of shared history, jointly (promote) and safeguarding the heritage. 典例02现在分词作定语 The people (suffer) from serious injuries were sent to the nearest hospital immediately.   易｜错｜点｜拨 现在分词作定语的两种形式 类型 位置 示例 前置定语 单个分词放在名词前 styling tips（造型建议） 后置定语 分词短语放在名词后 a language connecting economies（连接经济的语言） 判断技巧：现在分词作定语表示主动、进行的动作。单个分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。 即时检测 1．There is evidence (suggest) that our traditional customs are disappearing. 2．A number of psychologists (conduct) experiments have reached some surprising conclusions. 3．There are over 100 athletes from all over the country (participate) in the competition. 4．Bamboo weaving art, (originate) from the Warring States period 2,000 years ago, has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture. 典例03现在分词作宾语补足语 1．I saw him (cross) the street and then enter a bookstore. 易｜错｜点｜拨 with复合结构中的宾补形式 结构公式：with + 名词/代词 + 宾语补足语 宾补形式 逻辑关系 时间状态 示例 with + 宾语 + doing 主动 正在进行 with the impact continuing to grow（影响不断增加） with + 宾语 + done 被动 已完成 with the work finished（工作被完成） with + 宾语 + to do 主动/被动 将来 with much work to do（有许多工作要做） 即时检测 1．When I passed the bedroom, I heard my mother (whisper) something to my grandma. 2．With the next class (approach), I’d like to inform you of the concrete class schedule which is about the Tang Poetry. 3．The teacher left the students (finish) their assignments independently. 4．Entering the meeting room, I spotted Bob (sit) in the front row and I walked to him. 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The valuable painting (belong) to a famous artist has been on show in the city museum recently. 2．If you are a teenager (live) in certain parts of the province, you could be suitable for this programme. 3．The (grow) crops in the field show a good harvest prospect. 4．Look at the (run) children on the playground. They are full of energy. 5．We walked through the ancient city, with tall stone walls (surround) us on both sides. 6．With final exam (approach), I grew increasingly nervous. 7．He fell asleep with the light (burn). 8． (wave) goodbye to her parents, the girl got on the train slowly. 9．She began to sob again, (bury) her face in the pillow. 10．Mum was busy in the kitchen, (cook) dinner for the whole family. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 1．I really enjoy the video (show) how to protect personal information online. 2．The boy (play) computer games in the corner is my younger brother. 3．It is an ancient port city that has a history (date) all the way back to Roman times. 4．I heard someone (knock) on the door. 5．Someone who witnesses another person (employ) the gesture might think it means money. 6．The teacher had the students (read) aloud for 20 minutes. ​ 7． (attempt) to open the heavy door, he hurt his back.   8．She lost her balance and fell off the bike, (break) her arm. 9．Many students are fed up with school life, (result) from too much homework. 10．I waited at the entrance to the railway station, (hope) to meet my friend. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Lingxi X2, capable of performing tasks (range) from security guard to housekeeper, highlighted the potential of humanoid robots. 2．This report (refer) to the recent study on climate change has drawn wide public attention. 3．Its roof is equipped with 1,600 square meters of solar panels, (generate) about 320,000 kilowatt-hours annually to power its needs. 4．This combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern baking is attracting health-conscious young consumers (seek) a convenient dose of wellness. 5．According to official data, international tourist arrivals into Shanghai were up nearly 40 percent in the first half of 2025, with the largest numbers of travelers (come) from South Korea, Thailand and Japan. 6．The documentary shows workers (restore) damaged murals in a 1,000-year-old temple using traditional techniques. 7．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. 8．We’ll spend roughly two hours climbing the mountain, (admire) the breathtaking scenery and taking photos all the way. 9．It has become popular at home and abroad, (attract) famous international football stars and over 40 teams from countries like France, Argentina and Brazil. 10．Yunnan shares an ecological environment similar to northern Thailand and Vietnam, (give) it a natural edge in tropical fruit planting. 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $