Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 语法专项 导学案-2025-2026学年高一下学期英语人教版必修第三册

Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations-动词-ing形式作定语和表语 【语境感悟】 阅读以下有关“传统节日”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival. The round moon ①hanging in the sky looks like a shining plate, bringing people a sense of peace. The mooncakes ②lying on the table attract children’s eyes. The best part is ③watching the moon, making everyone feel relaxed and happy. This festival is always ④exciting, connecting people with love and warmth. 【自主发现】 以上语段中,①、②为动词-ing形式作__________________;③、④为动词-ing形式作__________________。  【语法详解】 一、动词-ing形式作定语 1.动名词(短语)作定语: 表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途,作“供……用”讲,相当于介词 for构成的短语,常置于被修饰词前。 a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 游泳池 a reading room=a room for reading 阅览室 a washing machine=a machine for washing 洗衣机 a walking stick=a stick for walking 拐杖 2.现在分词(短语)作定语: 表示被修饰词的动作或状态,被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系,相当于一个定语从句。 单个的现在分词作定语时,放在被修饰词前;现在分词短语作定语时,则放在被修饰词后。 a smiling face=a face that is smiling一张笑脸 a rolling stone=a stone that is rolling一块滚石 She went on board the train leaving for Shanghai. 她坐上了去上海的火车。 3.动词-ing形式作定语和定语从句的转换 动词-ing形式作定语时,要注意所表示的动作发生的时间。一般来说,主要有下面三种情况: (1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作或现在(当时)的状态(变为从句时多用一般时态) We live in a room facing south(=that faces south). 我们住在一间朝南的房间里。 (2)表示正在进行的动作(变为从句时需要用进行时态) Did you notice the girl talking with your brother(=who was talking with your brother)? 你注意到正和你弟弟谈话的那个女孩了吗? (3)表示被动进行的动作(变为从句时需要用被动进行时态) The book being discussed(=which is being discussed) a lot will be published next month. 人们谈论得很多的那本书将在下个月出版。 【即时演练1】 1.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your_______________________(ache) legs.   2.Look over there—there’s a very long,winding path_______________________(lead) up to the house.   3.On receiving a phone call from his wife_______________________(say) she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.   4.The lecture,_______________________(start) at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.   5.The room is empty except for a bookshelf_______________________(stand) in one corner.   二、动词-ing形式作表语 1.动名词(短语)作表语:表示抽象的一般性行为,用来说明主语的内容,与主语通常是同一概念,表语和主语常可互换位置。 The police’s job is keeping public order.→Keeping public order is the police’s job. 警察的工作就是维护公共秩序。 2.现在分词(短语)作表语:表示主语的某种性质和特征,这类分词通常可以看作形容词。 ①The news that I’m admitted to the key university is encouraging. 我被那所重点大学录取这一消息是鼓舞人心的。 ②The problem which he met in the new school was quite puzzling. 他在新学校遇到的问题很令人费解。 [温馨提示] 表示“情感、情绪”类的动词,其-ing形式作表语用来表示主语所具有的特征,意为“(事物)令人感到……的”,其-ed形式作表语则表示主语所处的状态。这类词有:amaze, annoy, astonish, bore, confuse, disappoint, interest, move, puzzle, surprise, shock等。 ①The news was very exciting. After hearing the news, we felt quite excited. 这个消息是非常令人兴奋的。听到这个消息我们感到非常兴奋。 ②How disappointed I was when I heard the disappointing news!当我听到这个令人失望的消息时,我是多么失望! 【即时演练2】 1.We all believe that if a book is_______________________(interest), it will surely interest the readers.   2.It was_______________________(astonish) to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.   3.The comedy was so_______________________(amuse) that the audience kept laughing all the time.   4.I was_______________________(amaze) at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.   【实战演练】 ●单句填空 1.He gave us an_______________________speech and we were all_______________________.(inspire)   2.Mastering a new language can be_______________________(challenge), but with consistent practice and the right methods, it becomes achievable.  3.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_______________________(cover) the desert.   4.Don’t respond to any e-mails_______________________(request) personal information, no matter how official they look.   5.The flowers_______________________(smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract visitors to the beauty of nature.   6.Her favourite hobby is_______________________(paint), which allows her to express emotions through colours.   7.When I was a child, going to hospital was a very_______________________(frighten) thing to me.   8.The new building_______________________(build) now in the east of our city will be a hospital.   9.When he saw a young child_______________________(hang) from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the_______________________(fall) child.   10. We had seen the_______________________(smile) faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.   ●语法与写作 1.What we enjoy most on weekends is___________________________________________________, 　　　　　　　　and___________________________________________________, which helps us relieve the stress from work.  我们在周末最喜欢做的事情就是去山里徒步旅行,呼吸新鲜空气,聆听大自然的声音,这有助于我们缓解工作带来的压力。 2.World Oceans Day,___________________________________________________, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.(fall)   世界海洋日是在6月8日,目的是提高海洋保护意识。 3.[2022·全国乙卷书面表达] However, those___________________________________________________and visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.(choose)   然而,那些选择阅读英语书和访问英语学习网站的人分别只占18%和12%。 4.[2022·全国乙卷书面表达] According to a survey, most students__________________________________, specifically 65%, choose to listen to English songs.(interview)   根据一项调查,大部分正接受采访的学生,确切地说是65%的学生,选择听英文歌曲。 5.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文写作] It is ten years since “Talk and Talk” was established. This is___________________________________________________where you can share your ideas with students.(amaze)   “Talk and Talk”节目创立十年了。这是一个很棒的节目,你可以在节目中和学生分享你的看法。 参考答案 语法归纳 【自主发现】 定语;表语 【即时演练1】 1.aching　2.leading　3.saying　4.starting　5.standing 【即时演练2】 1.interesting　2.astonishing　3.amusing　4.amazed 【实战演练】 Ⅰ.1.inspiring; inspired 　2.challenging　3.covering 4.requesting　5.smelling　6.painting 　7.frightening 8.being built　9.hanging; falling　10.smiling Ⅱ.1.hiking in the mountains; breathing in the fresh air; listening to the sounds of nature 2.falling on June 8th 3.choosing to read English books 4.being interviewed 5.an amazing programme 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $