Unit 3 课时3 Understanding ideas（Grammar）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版七年级下册

Unit 3Food matters 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 参考答案 1、 单词默写。 1.sandwich 2.pie 3.pepper 4.slice 5.beat 6.salt 7.oil 8.pan9.stir 10.plate11.firm 12.recipe 13.ingredient 二、词组默写。 1. each kind of porridge 2 taste great in its own way3 firm but not hard4 cut...into slices5 stir until...6 add...to...7 mix...with...8 turn off the heat 三、根据要求完成句子 1 don’t smell 2 look worried 3 sounds good 4 sounds like 5 tastes a bit salty 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1 beat 2. beautiful 3.to rain 4. surprised 5. older 6 scrambled 5、 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 1 sounds　2.remain　3 smells 4 taste 5 becomes 六、阅读还原。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名街头小吃煎饼在国内外的受欢迎情况。 1．根据“You don’t have to go to a special restaurant.”可知接下来应说明在北京美味小吃随处可见，B项“美味的街头小吃随处可见。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“It tastes delicious.”和“It is so great!”可知，此处应是介绍煎饼，且是好的一方面，C项“并且这种煎炸的饼在中国很便宜。”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“One jianbing in New York is $15 (about 99 yuan).”和“But many people still love it.”可知，空处应是说明煎饼在国外很贵，A项“但是煎饼很贵。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“So it is convenient.”可知，空处应是说明煎饼在国外的购买便利性，E项“人们可以在上学或上班途中买一个。”符合语境，故选E。 七、阅读理解。 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了制作三明治的五个简单步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据“Step One: Take out two pieces of bread.”可知，第一步是取出两片面包。 故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据列出的五个步骤（Step One至Step Five）可知，制作三明治共有五个步骤。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Step Four: Put some lettuce on the ham.”（第四步：在火腿上放一些生菜。）可知，火腿上面放的是生菜。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Step Five: Put the other piece of bread on the top.”（第五步：将另一片面包放在最上面。）可知，最后一步是盖上另一片面包。故选D。 八、完形填空。 passage1 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在端午节一起包粽子的经历，通过这次经历作者明白了团队合作的重要性，也意识到传统节日不仅是关于食物，还关乎家庭的爱和文化的传承。 1．句意：在他的帮助下，我终于把叶子折好了。 help帮助；luck运气；worry担心；pressure压力。根据前文“I tried several times but kept failing. My dad encouraged me, ‘Don’t give up. Practice makes perfect.’”可知，作者尝试多次但一直失败，爸爸鼓励作者不要放弃，所以此处指在爸爸的帮助下，作者终于把叶子折好了。故选A。 2．句意：我们一起工作得很快。 quickly迅速地；angrily生气地；hardly几乎不；carelessly粗心地。根据前文“Then we put glutinous rice, red beans and meat into the leaves. My little sister helped to pass the thread.”可知，作者一家分工合作，所以此处指他们一起工作得很快。故选A。 3．句意：当我们吃自己包的粽子时，它们比从商店买的粽子好吃多了。 worse更糟糕的；better更好的；saltier更咸的；sweeter更甜的。根据后文“My mom said, ‘Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.’”可知，妈妈认为家庭合作使食物更美味，所以此处指自己包的粽子比从商店买的粽子好吃多了。故选B。 4．句意：它也帮助我理解了团队合作的重要性。 independence独立；competition竞争；teamwork团队合作；hobby爱好。根据前文“This experience taught me that doing things with family is fun.”以及“Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.”可知，这次经历让作者明白了和家人一起做事很有趣，家庭合作使食物更美味，所以此处指团队合作的重要性。故选C。 5．句意：我希望将来能更多地了解中国的传统节日。 refuse拒绝；forget忘记；hate讨厌；hope希望。根据后文“to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals in the future”可知，此处指作者希望将来能更多地了解中国的传统节日。故选D。 passage2 【答案】 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了火锅的历史及其在中国的发展，从成吉思汗时期到现代火锅的多样化。 6．句意：它是中国最著名的食物之一。 foods食物；vegetables蔬菜；cooks厨师；pots锅。根据“hot pot”可知，火锅属于食物。故选A。 7．句意：他居住的地方冬天非常寒冷。 hot炎热的；cool凉爽的；cold寒冷的；warm温暖的。根据“they put ice and snow into the pot”可知，天气应是寒冷的。故选C。 8．句意：他需要食物来保持军队的温暖、强壮和健康。 keep保持；take拿；give给；serve服务。keep warm“保持温暖”，是固定搭配。故选A。 9．句意：当冰雪变成水，水的温度很高时，他们就把肉放进去。 low低的；high高的；cold冷的；warm温暖的。煮肉需要高温。故选B。 10．句意：过了一会儿，肉就好了，他们开始吃了。 Through通过；After在……之后；At在；Before在……之前。把肉放进锅里，需要煮一段时间，然后再食用。故选B。 11．句意：这可能是最早的火锅。 first最早的；new新的；free自由的；last最后的。根据“…oldest one has something to do with Genghis Khan”可知，此处指最早的火锅。故选A。 12．句意：到了清朝，火锅已经在中国大部分地区流行起来。 modern现代的；funny有趣的；exciting兴奋的；popular流行的。根据“By the Qing Dynasty, hot pot had become…in most parts of China.”的语境可知，此处指火锅普及的形式。故选D。 13．句意：今天，我们可以在北京、重庆、四川甚至一些外国找到许多不同种类的火锅。 traditional传统的；different不同的；famous著名的；useful有用的。many different kinds of“许多不同种类的”，是固定搭配。故选B。 14．句意：今天，我们可以在北京、重庆、四川甚至一些外国国家找到许多不同种类的火锅。 finally最终；already已经；even甚至；yet还。根据“Today, we can find many… kinds of hot pot in Beijing, Chongqing, Sichuan and…in some foreign countries.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了递进，even符合。故选C。 15．句意：当我们品尝美味的火锅时，我们也感受到了中国独特的饮食文化。 mix混合；reach到达；serve服务；enjoy享受。根据“the delicious hot pot”可知，此处指享受美食。故选D。 【答案】1．They scored worse on memory tests and had a greater wish for junk food. 2．It can help memory and control appetite. 3．It is an area of the brain. /An area of the brain. 4．Junk food./High-fat, high-sugar foods. 5．答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为No, because it may harm memory and make me eat more unhealthy food. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了垃圾食品对海马体的损害会导致记忆力变差，垃圾食品还会破坏大脑对胃口的控制。 1．根据“They found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests. At the same time, they also had a greater wish for junk food.”可知，年轻志愿者一周后记忆力测试表现更差，且更渴望垃圾食品。故填They scored worse on memory tests and had a greater wish for junk food. 2．根据“the hippocampus is thought to make our memories of delicious food less active, cutting down our appetite. ”可知，海马体负责记忆和食欲控制，尤其在饱腹时抑制对食物的渴望。故填It can help memory and control appetite. 3．根据“It is an area of the brain. It can help memory and control appetite.”可知，海马体为大脑中管理记忆和食欲的区域。故填It is an area of the brain. /An area of the brain. 4．根据“Western high-fat, high-sugar ‘junk food’ can quickly break your brain’s appetite (胃口) control.”及下文具体介绍可知，全文多次强调垃圾食品影响海马体功能，损害食欲控制能力。故填Junk food. /High-fat, high-sugar foods. 5．开放性问题，需结合文章结论（垃圾食品损害记忆和食欲控制）简要回答个人观点。参考答案为No, because it may harm memory and make me eat more unhealthy food. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3Food matters 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1.sandwich /ˈsænwɪdʒ/ n. 三明治,夹心面包 2.pie /paɪ/ n. 水果馅饼,派 3.pepper /ˈpepə/ n. 胡椒粉 4.slice /slaɪs/ n. 片,薄片,切片 5.beat /biːt/ v. 搅拌,搅打 6.salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐,食盐 7.oil /ɔɪl/ n. 植物油,动物油 8.pan /pæn/ n. (长柄有盖的)锅,平底锅 9.stir /stɜː/ v. 搅,搅拌,搅动 10.plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘,碟 11.firm /fɜːm/ adj. 结实的,坚实的 12.recipe /ˈresəpi/ n. 烹饪法;食谱 13.ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. (烹调用的)成分,食材 句型 1 Each kind of porridge tastes great in its own way. 每种粥都有它独特的美味。 2 Cut the tomatoes into slices. 把西红柿切成片。 3 Stir it until it becomes golden yellow.翻炒至金黄色。 4 Add more oil to the pan. 往锅里再加点油。 5 Mix them with the tomatoes and then add some salt.把它们和西红柿混合，然后加些盐。 6 Turn off the heat when the eggs feel firm but not hard.当鸡蛋变得凝固但不过硬时，关火。 一、单词默写。 1._________________ 三明治,夹心面包 2._________________水果馅饼,派 3._________________ 胡椒粉 4._________________片,薄片,切片 5._________________搅拌,搅打 6._________________盐,食盐 7._________________植物油,动物油 8._________________(长柄有盖的)锅,平底锅 9._________________搅,搅拌,搅动 10._________________ 盘,碟 11._________________结实的,坚实的 12._________________烹饪法;食谱 13._________________ (烹调用的)成分,食材 【答案】 1.sandwich 2.pie 3.pepper 4.slice 5.beat 6.salt 7.oil 8.pan9.stir 10.plate11.firm 12.recipe 13.ingredient 二、词组默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _____________________每种粥 2 _____________________有独特的美味 3 _____________________凝固但不过硬 4 _____________________把…… 切成片 5 _____________________翻炒至…… 6 _____________________往…… 中加入…… 7 _____________________把…… 和…… 混合 8 _____________________关火 【答案】1. each kind of porridge 2 taste great in its own way3 firm but not hard4 cut...into slices5 stir until...6 add...to...7 mix...with...8 turn off the heat 三、根据要求完成句子 1.The dishes _________ ______ very nice.这些菜肴闻起来不是很好。 2. Does he _________ ________?他看起来焦虑吗？ 3.The idea_________ _________.这个主意听起来不错。 4.His idea _________ _________ fun.他的主意听起来很有趣。 5.The fish________ ________ _________ ________.这鱼尝起来有点咸。 【答案】1 don’t smell 2 look worried 3 sounds good 4 sounds like 5 tastes a bit salty 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Chinese table tennis team (beat) any other team and won the gold medal. 2. The hat looks __________ (beauty) on you. 3. It seems _________ (rain) soon, so we had better stay at home. 4. He was not feeling ___________(surprise) when he heard the news. 5. As we grow _________ (old), we learn more things. 6. I would like to order __________(scramble)eggs. 【答案】1 beat 2. beautiful 3.to rain 4. surprised 5. older 6 scrambled 五、短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) smell　taste　remain　become　sound First, put some oil in a hot pan. Then you can hear the sizzling(咝咝声). The sizzling 1.  　 like little branches breaking(树枝破裂). This kind of sound means the pan is ready for cooking. Now, put an egg into the pan. When the egg white becomes firm, the yellow part may still 2.   　 soft. You can keep cooking the egg. As the egg is well cooked, it 3.  　　 so good that the good smell is everywhere in the kitchen. It makes you hungry and want to 4.  　　 the egg.After a few minutes, when the egg 5.  　　 beautiful golden brown, it’s time to take it out of the pan. Add a little salt and eat the egg when it is still warm. Making a fried egg is easy and fun. 【答案】1 sounds　2.remain　3 smells 4 taste 5 becomes 六、阅读还原。 Want to find anything great to eat in Beijing? You don’t have to go to a special restaurant. 1 One of the most popular Chinese street foods is jianbing. It is easy to cook. It tastes delicious. 2 It is so great! In the United States, there are many shops selling jianbing. 3 One jianbing in New York is $15 (about 99 yuan). But many people still love it. It is the “in thing (流行事物)” now. And in the UK, two Chinese-American sisters opened a jianbing shop in London. Its name is Mei Mei’s Street Cart. It is popular. 4 So it is convenient. So the next time you enjoy jianbing on your way to school, just remember you’re eating the popular food in New York and London. A．But they are very expensive. B．Delicious street foods are everywhere. C．And this fried pancake is cheap in China. D．Some of them are popular in other countries. E．People can buy one on their way to school or work. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名街头小吃煎饼在国内外的受欢迎情况。 1．根据“You don’t have to go to a special restaurant.”可知接下来应说明在北京美味小吃随处可见，B项“美味的街头小吃随处可见。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“It tastes delicious.”和“It is so great!”可知，此处应是介绍煎饼，且是好的一方面，C项“并且这种煎炸的饼在中国很便宜。”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“One jianbing in New York is $15 (about 99 yuan).”和“But many people still love it.”可知，空处应是说明煎饼在国外很贵，A项“但是煎饼很贵。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“So it is convenient.”可知，空处应是说明煎饼在国外的购买便利性，E项“人们可以在上学或上班途中买一个。”符合语境，故选E。 七、阅读理解。 Some children like to eat sandwiches. Do you know how to make a sandwich? It is very easy. Let me tell you. First, you need to find the materials. You need two pieces of bread, some butter, some ham (火腿), and some lettuce. Then please follow the steps. ●Step One: Take out two pieces of bread. ●Step Two: Put some butter on one side of each piece of bread. ●Step Three: Put some ham on one of the pieces of bread with butter. ●Step Four: Put some lettuce on the ham. ●Step Five: Put the other piece of bread on the top. Now your sandwich is ready to eat! That is how to make a sandwich. Isn’t it easy? 1．What is the Step One to make a sandwich? A．Put butter on the bread. B．Take out two pieces of bread. C．Put ham on the bread. D．Put lettuce on the bread. 2．How many steps are there to make a sandwich? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3．What do you put on the ham? A．Some lettuce. B．Butter. C．Some salt. D．Another piece of bread. 4．What is the last step? A．Put the ham on the bread. B．Put the lettuce on the ham. C．Put some butter on the bread. D．Put the other piece of bread on the top. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了制作三明治的五个简单步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据“Step One: Take out two pieces of bread.”可知，第一步是取出两片面包。 故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据列出的五个步骤（Step One至Step Five）可知，制作三明治共有五个步骤。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Step Four: Put some lettuce on the ham.”（第四步：在火腿上放一些生菜。）可知，火腿上面放的是生菜。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Step Five: Put the other piece of bread on the top.”（第五步：将另一片面包放在最上面。）可知，最后一步是盖上另一片面包。故选D。 八、完形填空。 Passage 1 Last Sunday, my family decided to make zongzi together for the Dragon Boat Festival. It was my first time to join in the activity. My mom showed me how to fold the bamboo leaves first. It was not as easy as I thought. I tried several times but kept failing. My dad encouraged me, “Don’t give up. Practice makes perfect.” With his 1 , I finally folded the leaves well. Then we put glutinous rice, red beans and meat into the leaves. My little sister helped to pass the thread. We worked together 2 . After two hours of hard work, all the zongzi were ready. When we ate the zongzi we made ourselves, they tasted much 3 than those bought from the store. My mom said, “Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.” This experience taught me that doing things with family is fun. It also helped me understand the importance of 4 . Traditional festivals are not only about food, but also about family love and cultural heritage (传承). I 5 to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals in the future. 1．A．help B．luck C．worry D．pressure 2．A．quickly B．angrily C．hardly D．carelessly 3．A．worse B．better C．saltier D．sweeter 4．A．independence B．competition C．teamwork D．hobby 5．A．refuse B．forget C．hate D．hope 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在端午节一起包粽子的经历，通过这次经历作者明白了团队合作的重要性，也意识到传统节日不仅是关于食物，还关乎家庭的爱和文化的传承。 1．句意：在他的帮助下，我终于把叶子折好了。 help帮助；luck运气；worry担心；pressure压力。根据前文“I tried several times but kept failing. My dad encouraged me, ‘Don’t give up. Practice makes perfect.’”可知，作者尝试多次但一直失败，爸爸鼓励作者不要放弃，所以此处指在爸爸的帮助下，作者终于把叶子折好了。故选A。 2．句意：我们一起工作得很快。 quickly迅速地；angrily生气地；hardly几乎不；carelessly粗心地。根据前文“Then we put glutinous rice, red beans and meat into the leaves. My little sister helped to pass the thread.”可知，作者一家分工合作，所以此处指他们一起工作得很快。故选A。 3．句意：当我们吃自己包的粽子时，它们比从商店买的粽子好吃多了。 worse更糟糕的；better更好的；saltier更咸的；sweeter更甜的。根据后文“My mom said, ‘Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.’”可知，妈妈认为家庭合作使食物更美味，所以此处指自己包的粽子比从商店买的粽子好吃多了。故选B。 4．句意：它也帮助我理解了团队合作的重要性。 independence独立；competition竞争；teamwork团队合作；hobby爱好。根据前文“This experience taught me that doing things with family is fun.”以及“Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.”可知，这次经历让作者明白了和家人一起做事很有趣，家庭合作使食物更美味，所以此处指团队合作的重要性。故选C。 5．句意：我希望将来能更多地了解中国的传统节日。 refuse拒绝；forget忘记；hate讨厌；hope希望。根据后文“to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals in the future”可知，此处指作者希望将来能更多地了解中国的传统节日。故选D。 Passage 2 Do you know the history of hot pot? It’s one of the most famous 6 in China. There are many stories about hot pot. The most traditional and oldest one has something to do with Genghis Khan (成吉思汗). Genghis Khan was the founder (建立者) of the Mongol Empire. The place where he lived was very 7 in winter. He needed food to 8 his army warm, strong and healthy. When it was time to eat, they built stoves (炉子) and pots. After finishing building these things, they put ice and snow into the pot. When the ice and snow turned into water, and the temperature of the water was 9 , they put meat into it. 10 a short time, the meat was OK, and they began to eat it. That might be the 11 hot pot. They ate mutton, beef and horse meat most. Later, people brought hot pot to other parts of China. People began to put more kinds of ingredients into the hot pot, such as vegetables and seafood. By the Qing Dynasty, hot pot had become 12 in most parts of China. Today, we can find many 13 kinds of hot pot in Beijing, Chongqing, Sichuan and 14 in some foreign countries. When we 15 the delicious hot pot, we also feel the special food culture of China. 6．A．foods B．vegetables C．cooks D．pots 7．A．hot B．cool C．cold D．warm 8．A．keep B．take C．give D．serve 9．A．low B．high C．cold D．warm 10．A．Through B．After C．At D．Before 11．A．first B．new C．free D．last 12．A．modern B．funny C．exciting D．popular 13．A．traditional B．different C．famous D．useful 14．A．finally B．already C．even D．yet 15．A．mix B．reach C．serve D．enjoy 【答案】 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了火锅的历史及其在中国的发展，从成吉思汗时期到现代火锅的多样化。 6．句意：它是中国最著名的食物之一。 foods食物；vegetables蔬菜；cooks厨师；pots锅。根据“hot pot”可知，火锅属于食物。故选A。 7．句意：他居住的地方冬天非常寒冷。 hot炎热的；cool凉爽的；cold寒冷的；warm温暖的。根据“they put ice and snow into the pot”可知，天气应是寒冷的。故选C。 8．句意：他需要食物来保持军队的温暖、强壮和健康。 keep保持；take拿；give给；serve服务。keep warm“保持温暖”，是固定搭配。故选A。 9．句意：当冰雪变成水，水的温度很高时，他们就把肉放进去。 low低的；high高的；cold冷的；warm温暖的。煮肉需要高温。故选B。 10．句意：过了一会儿，肉就好了，他们开始吃了。 Through通过；After在……之后；At在；Before在……之前。把肉放进锅里，需要煮一段时间，然后再食用。故选B。 11．句意：这可能是最早的火锅。 first最早的；new新的；free自由的；last最后的。根据“…oldest one has something to do with Genghis Khan”可知，此处指最早的火锅。故选A。 12．句意：到了清朝，火锅已经在中国大部分地区流行起来。 modern现代的；funny有趣的；exciting兴奋的；popular流行的。根据“By the Qing Dynasty, hot pot had become…in most parts of China.”的语境可知，此处指火锅普及的形式。故选D。 13．句意：今天，我们可以在北京、重庆、四川甚至一些外国找到许多不同种类的火锅。 traditional传统的；different不同的；famous著名的；useful有用的。many different kinds of“许多不同种类的”，是固定搭配。故选B。 14．句意：今天，我们可以在北京、重庆、四川甚至一些外国国家找到许多不同种类的火锅。 finally最终；already已经；even甚至；yet还。根据“Today, we can find many… kinds of hot pot in Beijing, Chongqing, Sichuan and…in some foreign countries.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了递进，even符合。故选C。 15．句意：当我们品尝美味的火锅时，我们也感受到了中国独特的饮食文化。 mix混合；reach到达；serve服务；enjoy享受。根据“the delicious hot pot”可知，此处指享受美食。故选D。 A recent study on humans suggests clear Western high-fat, high-sugar “junk food” can quickly break your brain’s appetite (胃口) control. The researchers let the young enjoy the delicious cookies, tasty ice-creams and similarly rich foods for a week long. They did the research in Australia. They found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests. At the same time, they also had a greater wish for junk food. The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus (海马体). What is hippocampus? It is an area of the brain. It can help memory and control appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to make our memories of delicious food less active, cutting down our appetite. When there is something wrong in this area, this control can be badly broken. Over the years, further research on the mice has found the role of the hippocampus is easily affected by “junk food”. But this has only recently been found in young and healthy humans. In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts, researchers found volunteers performed worse on learning and memory tests. They clearly depend on the hippocampus. Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar foods impair (损害) memory in humans, they also appear to directly affect our ability to control our appetite. 根据短文内容回答问题。 1．How did the young men behave after eating junk food for a week? __________________________________________________________ 2．What role does “hippocampus” play in our body? __________________________________________________________ 3．What is “hippocampus” ? __________________________________________________________ 4．What can affect our ability to control our appetite according to the passage? __________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like Western high-fat, high-sugar food? Why or Why not (Within 15 words)? __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．They scored worse on memory tests and had a greater wish for junk food. 2．It can help memory and control appetite. 3．It is an area of the brain. /An area of the brain. 4．Junk food./High-fat, high-sugar foods. 5．答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为No, because it may harm memory and make me eat more unhealthy food. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了垃圾食品对海马体的损害会导致记忆力变差，垃圾食品还会破坏大脑对胃口的控制。 1．根据“They found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests. At the same time, they also had a greater wish for junk food.”可知，年轻志愿者一周后记忆力测试表现更差，且更渴望垃圾食品。故填They scored worse on memory tests and had a greater wish for junk food. 2．根据“the hippocampus is thought to make our memories of delicious food less active, cutting down our appetite. ”可知，海马体负责记忆和食欲控制，尤其在饱腹时抑制对食物的渴望。故填It can help memory and control appetite. 3．根据“It is an area of the brain. It can help memory and control appetite.”可知，海马体为大脑中管理记忆和食欲的区域。故填It is an area of the brain. /An area of the brain. 4．根据“Western high-fat, high-sugar ‘junk food’ can quickly break your brain’s appetite (胃口) control.”及下文具体介绍可知，全文多次强调垃圾食品影响海马体功能，损害食欲控制能力。故填Junk food. /High-fat, high-sugar foods. 5．开放性问题，需结合文章结论（垃圾食品损害记忆和食欲控制）简要回答个人观点。参考答案为No, because it may harm memory and make me eat more unhealthy food. $ Unit 3Food matters 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1.sandwich /ˈsænwɪdʒ/ n. 三明治,夹心面包 2.pie /paɪ/ n. 水果馅饼,派 3.pepper /ˈpepə/ n. 胡椒粉 4.slice /slaɪs/ n. 片,薄片,切片 5.beat /biːt/ v. 搅拌,搅打 6.salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐,食盐 7.oil /ɔɪl/ n. 植物油,动物油 8.pan /pæn/ n. (长柄有盖的)锅,平底锅 9.stir /stɜː/ v. 搅,搅拌,搅动 10.plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘,碟 11.firm /fɜːm/ adj. 结实的,坚实的 12.recipe /ˈresəpi/ n. 烹饪法;食谱 13.ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. (烹调用的)成分,食材 句型 1 Each kind of porridge tastes great in its own way. 每种粥都有它独特的美味。 2 Cut the tomatoes into slices. 把西红柿切成片。 3 Stir it until it becomes golden yellow.翻炒至金黄色。 4 Add more oil to the pan. 往锅里再加点油。 5 Mix them with the tomatoes and then add some salt.把它们和西红柿混合，然后加些盐。 6 Turn off the heat when the eggs feel firm but not hard.当鸡蛋变得凝固但不过硬时，关火。 一、单词默写。 1._________________ 三明治,夹心面包 2._________________水果馅饼,派 3._________________ 胡椒粉 4._________________片,薄片,切片 5._________________搅拌,搅打 6._________________盐,食盐 7._________________植物油,动物油 8._________________(长柄有盖的)锅,平底锅 9._________________搅,搅拌,搅动 10._________________ 盘,碟 11._________________结实的,坚实的 12._________________烹饪法;食谱 13._________________ (烹调用的)成分,食材 二、词组默写。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _____________________每种粥 2 _____________________有独特的美味 3 _____________________凝固但不过硬 4 _____________________把…… 切成片 5 _____________________翻炒至…… 6 _____________________往…… 中加入…… 7 _____________________把…… 和…… 混合 8 _____________________关火 三、根据要求完成句子 1.The dishes _________ ______ very nice.这些菜肴闻起来不是很好。 2. Does he _________ ________?他看起来焦虑吗？ 3.The idea_________ _________.这个主意听起来不错。 4.His idea _________ _________ fun.他的主意听起来很有趣。 5.The fish________ ________ _________ ________.这鱼尝起来有点咸。 四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Chinese table tennis team (beat) any other team and won the gold medal. 2. The hat looks __________ (beauty) on you. 3. It seems _________ (rain) soon, so we had better stay at home. 4. He was not feeling ___________(surprise) when he heard the news. 5. As we grow _________ (old), we learn more things. 6. I would like to order __________(scramble)eggs. 五、短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) smell　taste　remain　become　sound First, put some oil in a hot pan. Then you can hear the sizzling(咝咝声). The sizzling 1.  　 like little branches breaking(树枝破裂). This kind of sound means the pan is ready for cooking. Now, put an egg into the pan. When the egg white becomes firm, the yellow part may still 2.   　 soft. You can keep cooking the egg. As the egg is well cooked, it 3.  　　 so good that the good smell is everywhere in the kitchen. It makes you hungry and want to 4.  　　 the egg.After a few minutes, when the egg 5.  　　 beautiful golden brown, it’s time to take it out of the pan. Add a little salt and eat the egg when it is still warm. Making a fried egg is easy and fun. 六、阅读还原。 Want to find anything great to eat in Beijing? You don’t have to go to a special restaurant. 1 One of the most popular Chinese street foods is jianbing. It is easy to cook. It tastes delicious. 2 It is so great! In the United States, there are many shops selling jianbing. 3 One jianbing in New York is $15 (about 99 yuan). But many people still love it. It is the “in thing (流行事物)” now. And in the UK, two Chinese-American sisters opened a jianbing shop in London. Its name is Mei Mei’s Street Cart. It is popular. 4 So it is convenient. So the next time you enjoy jianbing on your way to school, just remember you’re eating the popular food in New York and London. A．But they are very expensive. B．Delicious street foods are everywhere. C．And this fried pancake is cheap in China. D．Some of them are popular in other countries. E．People can buy one on their way to school or work. 七、阅读理解。 Some children like to eat sandwiches. Do you know how to make a sandwich? It is very easy. Let me tell you. First, you need to find the materials. You need two pieces of bread, some butter, some ham (火腿), and some lettuce. Then please follow the steps. ●Step One: Take out two pieces of bread. ●Step Two: Put some butter on one side of each piece of bread. ●Step Three: Put some ham on one of the pieces of bread with butter. ●Step Four: Put some lettuce on the ham. ●Step Five: Put the other piece of bread on the top. Now your sandwich is ready to eat! That is how to make a sandwich. Isn’t it easy? 1．What is the Step One to make a sandwich? A．Put butter on the bread. B．Take out two pieces of bread. C．Put ham on the bread. D．Put lettuce on the bread. 2．How many steps are there to make a sandwich? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3．What do you put on the ham? A．Some lettuce. B．Butter. C．Some salt. D．Another piece of bread. 4．What is the last step? A．Put the ham on the bread. B．Put the lettuce on the ham. C．Put some butter on the bread. D．Put the other piece of bread on the top. 八、完形填空。 Passage 1 Last Sunday, my family decided to make zongzi together for the Dragon Boat Festival. It was my first time to join in the activity. My mom showed me how to fold the bamboo leaves first. It was not as easy as I thought. I tried several times but kept failing. My dad encouraged me, “Don’t give up. Practice makes perfect.” With his 1 , I finally folded the leaves well. Then we put glutinous rice, red beans and meat into the leaves. My little sister helped to pass the thread. We worked together 2 . After two hours of hard work, all the zongzi were ready. When we ate the zongzi we made ourselves, they tasted much 3 than those bought from the store. My mom said, “Family cooperation makes the food more delicious.” This experience taught me that doing things with family is fun. It also helped me understand the importance of 4 . Traditional festivals are not only about food, but also about family love and cultural heritage (传承). I 5 to learn more about traditional Chinese festivals in the future. 1．A．help B．luck C．worry D．pressure 2．A．quickly B．angrily C．hardly D．carelessly 3．A．worse B．better C．saltier D．sweeter 4．A．independence B．competition C．teamwork D．hobby 5．A．refuse B．forget C．hate D．hope Passage 2 Do you know the history of hot pot? It’s one of the most famous 6 in China. There are many stories about hot pot. The most traditional and oldest one has something to do with Genghis Khan (成吉思汗). Genghis Khan was the founder (建立者) of the Mongol Empire. The place where he lived was very 7 in winter. He needed food to 8 his army warm, strong and healthy. When it was time to eat, they built stoves (炉子) and pots. After finishing building these things, they put ice and snow into the pot. When the ice and snow turned into water, and the temperature of the water was 9 , they put meat into it. 10 a short time, the meat was OK, and they began to eat it. That might be the 11 hot pot. They ate mutton, beef and horse meat most. Later, people brought hot pot to other parts of China. People began to put more kinds of ingredients into the hot pot, such as vegetables and seafood. By the Qing Dynasty, hot pot had become 12 in most parts of China. Today, we can find many 13 kinds of hot pot in Beijing, Chongqing, Sichuan and 14 in some foreign countries. When we 15 the delicious hot pot, we also feel the special food culture of China. 6．A．foods B．vegetables C．cooks D．pots 7．A．hot B．cool C．cold D．warm 8．A．keep B．take C．give D．serve 9．A．low B．high C．cold D．warm 10．A．Through B．After C．At D．Before 11．A．first B．new C．free D．last 12．A．modern B．funny C．exciting D．popular 13．A．traditional B．different C．famous D．useful 14．A．finally B．already C．even D．yet 15．A．mix B．reach C．serve D．enjoy A recent study on humans suggests clear Western high-fat, high-sugar “junk food” can quickly break your brain’s appetite (胃口) control. The researchers let the young enjoy the delicious cookies, tasty ice-creams and similarly rich foods for a week long. They did the research in Australia. They found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests. At the same time, they also had a greater wish for junk food. The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus (海马体). What is hippocampus? It is an area of the brain. It can help memory and control appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to make our memories of delicious food less active, cutting down our appetite. When there is something wrong in this area, this control can be badly broken. Over the years, further research on the mice has found the role of the hippocampus is easily affected by “junk food”. But this has only recently been found in young and healthy humans. In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts, researchers found volunteers performed worse on learning and memory tests. They clearly depend on the hippocampus. Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar foods impair (损害) memory in humans, they also appear to directly affect our ability to control our appetite. 根据短文内容回答问题。 1．How did the young men behave after eating junk food for a week? __________________________________________________________ 2．What role does “hippocampus” play in our body? __________________________________________________________ 3．What is “hippocampus” ? __________________________________________________________ 4．What can affect our ability to control our appetite according to the passage? __________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like Western high-fat, high-sugar food? Why or Why not (Within 15 words)? __________________________________________________________ $