Unit2 Stay Healthy 第五课时(SectionB Vocabulary in use 2a-2c)课后分层作业+知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit2 Stay Healthy Section B How should we stay safe? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s h________ to your teeth. 2.When we heard about the earthquake in Gansu Province, we were in s________ and did not know what to say. 3. My foot is ________ (流血) because I cut it on the broken glass. 4. The boy was so careless that he h________ (碰撞) a big tree on his way to school. 5.It is careless of you to send the message to the wrong person without _______ (检查) it carefully. 6. —What should we do with these old books? —Don’t t________ them away. We can give them to the children in need. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 pain     color     throw     harm     injury            1. The water in the glass looked clean but it was completely ________ without any taste or smell. 2. Please don’t ________ rubbish on the ground. Always use a bin. 3. He couldn’t play football for a month because of a knee ________. 4. Too much sunlight can be ________ to your skin, so remember to wear sunscreen. 5. She felt a sharp ________ in her stomach after eating too fast. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我们应该检查一下所有的答案。 We should _________ all the answers. 2. 小心别从树上摔下来。 Be careful not to ___________________________ the tree. 3. 长时间玩电脑游戏对你的大脑有害。 Playing computer games for a long time _____________ your brain. 4.戴口罩以防感染流感。 ________ ________ ________ to prevent getting the flu. 5.这名球员在训练时受伤了。 The player ________ ________ during training. 6.如果发生火灾，立即呼救。 If there is a fire, ________ ________ ________ at once. 7.男孩碰到热平底锅时疼得大叫。 The boy ________ ________ in pain when he touched the hot pan. 8.他们正要吃晚饭，这时电话响了。 They ___ ___ ____have dinner when the phone rang. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 shock, hit, Luckily, without, bleed, lie, avoid, painful, nervously, in One afternoon, Tom was playing basketball with friends when a ball _1__ his arm hard. It was so     2     that he couldn’t move it at all. He felt a great __3__ and his nose even started to     4     a little. He couldn’t stop crying out     5     pain. His friends were worried and told him to     6    down on the bench first. Tom sat     7     with his arm held tight, afraid the injury was serious. Someone gave him a pill for pain, but he refused—he knew it’s harmful to take medicine     8    a doctor’s advice. Soon, a teacher came to check his arm carefully.     9    , there was no serious injury, just a slight bruise. The teacher told him to rest for a few days and     10     strenuous exercise. Tom was glad it wasn’t worse, and he learned to be more careful when playing sports. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。  First aid is the quick care a sick or injured person gets. Using basic first aid, you may be able to stop a small accident from getting worse. In some cases, you may even save a life. ①The best way to prepare for these events is to get official first-aid training. In the meantime, there are some basic life-saving steps you can learn. ②If he doesn’t wake up, make sure someone is calling 120 and move on to the next step. The basic idea of first aid that you need to know is ABC: airway, breathing, and circulation. Airway: If someone is not breathing, the first thing you need to do is to clear the airway. When a person is unresponsive (无反应的), his tongue can block his airway so he can no longer breathe. Put his head back and open the airway by pulling the tongue forward.③ Breathing: If you have cleared a person’s airway but he is still not breathing, provide rescue breathing quickly.④ Circulation: As you are doing rescue breathing, perform chest compression (进行胸外按压) to keep the person’s blood circulating. If the person is breathing but is not responsive, check his pulse (脉搏). If his heart has stopped, provide chest compression. Whenever possible, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before providing first aid. This will help keep you from passing bacteria (细菌) on to the person you are saving. 根据以上内容，选择正确答案。 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A．When first aid is needed. B．The importance of first aid. C．What basic first aid skills are. D．The accidents happen every day. 2. 新考向[信息回填]It is better to put “If the person is not awake, try to wake them up.” in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3. Why do you need to clear the airway first when someone is not breathing? A．Because his tongue may block the airway. B．Because his tongue was hurt badly. C．Because he is already unresponsive. D．Because his airway is very special. 4. 新考向[图文转换]Which of the following picture stands for“Circulation”? A． B． C． D． 5. What does the underlined word“thoroughly”mean in the last paragraph? A．nervously B．quickly C．quietly D．completely 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） How to Keep Safe in PE Class P.E. class is fun, but it’s easy to get hurt if we don’t take care. Follow these tips to stay safe and enjoy the class.     1     Wear sports shoes and comfortable clothes. They can protect your feet and body from being hurt. Also, bring a bottle of water to keep yourself hydrated. Do warm-up exercises carefully before class.     2     If you don’t warm up, your muscles (肌肉) will be tight and you may easily pull a muscle or sprain a joint.     3     Don’t run too fast or push your classmates when playing ball games. Follow the rules of the game, and stop playing if you feel tired or uncomfortable. If you get hurt in class, tell your teacher at once.     4     For a small cut, the teacher will clean it and put a bandage on it. For a serious injury like a broken bone, the school will call your parents and send you to the hospital quickly. After class, do some cool-down exercises.     5     They can help your body relax after hard exercise. A．They can make your muscles relax and get ready for exercise. B．Prepare well before class. C．It’s dangerous to hide your injury and keep playing. D．Don’t play sports outside if it rains heavily. E．Play sports in a careful way. F．They can help your heart and body slow down gradually. 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Jack is an eighth-grade student at an American middle school. One day when he was eating his lunch, he accidentally ate a piece of plastic wrapping from his food. He started to cough with tears running down from his face. He was really scared when he found he couldn’t breathe. It was just hurting. Jack shouted, “I’m going to die. Help me!” Luckily, a boy named Aron happened to walk by at that time. What’s more, he knew clearly what to do. He saw Jack holding his throat, and noticed that his face turned purple. He quickly ran behind Jack and started doing the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法). In the end, Jack shouted, “It’s out! It’s out!” Aron said he learned how to do the Heimlich from a book several years before. So he understood the physics behind it. “It pushes the air through the throat to let the thing out,” he said. That night, Jack went home and told his mother what happened. She really wanted to find the child who saved her son. She posted it on the Internet. Later, Aron’s mother saw it and wrote her back. After this experience, the two boys became close friends. Jack was very thankful to his friend for helping him. Aron knew what to do when others didn’t even notice he was in trouble. “Without him, I might not be alive today,” he said. “And I will try my best to help others too.” 1.What happened to Jack when he was eating lunch? __________________（不少于 20 词） 2—4 题。根据短文内容补全表格 Person Thing that happened How he solved it Jack 2_____（不少于 5 个词） Was saved by Aron in time Aron Walked by and saw Jack in danger 3_____（不少于 3 个词） Jack's mother Knew her son was saved 4______（不少于 10 词） Why will Jack try to help others in the future? __________________（不少于 10 词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 Stay Healthy Section B How should we stay safe? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s h________ to your teeth. 2.When we heard about the earthquake in Gansu Province, we were in s________ and did not know what to say. 3. My foot is ________ (流血) because I cut it on the broken glass. 4. The boy was so careless that he h________ (碰撞) a big tree on his way to school. 5.It is careless of you to send the message to the wrong person without _______ (检查) it carefully. 6. —What should we do with these old books? —Don’t t________ them away. We can give them to the children in need. 答案：1.harmful 2.shock 3.bleeding 4.hit 5.checking 6.throw 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 pain     color     throw     harm     injury            1. The water in the glass looked clean but it was completely ________ without any taste or smell. 2. Please don’t ________ rubbish on the ground. Always use a bin. 3. He couldn’t play football for a month because of a knee ________. 4. Too much sunlight can be ________ to your skin, so remember to wear sunscreen. 5. She felt a sharp ________ in her stomach after eating too fast. 答案：1.colorless 2.throw 3.injury 4.take 5.harmful 6.pain 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.我们应该检查一下所有的答案。 We should _________ all the answers. 2. 小心别从树上摔下来。 Be careful not to ___________________________ the tree. 3. 长时间玩电脑游戏对你的大脑有害。 Playing computer games for a long time _____________ your brain. 4.戴口罩以防感染流感。 ________ ________ ________ to prevent getting the flu. 5.这名球员在训练时受伤了。 The player ________ ________ during training. 6.如果发生火灾，立即呼救。 If there is a fire, ________ ________ ________ at once. 7.男孩碰到热平底锅时疼得大叫。 The boy ________ ________ in pain when he touched the hot pan. 8.他们正要吃晚饭，这时电话响了。 They ___ ___ ____have dinner when the phone rang. 答案：1.check 2.fall off 3.is harmful to 4.Wear a mask 5.got/was hurt/injured 6.shout for help 7.cried out 8.was about to 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 shock, hit, Luckily, without, bleed, lie, avoid, painful, nervously, in One afternoon, Tom was playing basketball with friends when a ball _1__ his arm hard. It was so     2     that he couldn’t move it at all. He felt a great __3__ and his nose even started to     4     a little. He couldn’t stop crying out     5     pain. His friends were worried and told him to     6    down on the bench first. Tom sat     7     with his arm held tight, afraid the injury was serious. Someone gave him a pill for pain, but he refused—he knew it’s harmful to take medicine     8    a doctor’s advice. Soon, a teacher came to check his arm carefully.     9    , there was no serious injury, just a slight bruise. The teacher told him to rest for a few days and     10     strenuous exercise. Tom was glad it wasn’t worse, and he learned to be more careful when playing sports. 答案：1.hit 2.painful 3.shock 4.bleed 5.in 6.lie 7.nervously 8.without 9.luckily 10.avoid 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。  First aid is the quick care a sick or injured person gets. Using basic first aid, you may be able to stop a small accident from getting worse. In some cases, you may even save a life. ①The best way to prepare for these events is to get official first-aid training. In the meantime, there are some basic life-saving steps you can learn. ②If he doesn’t wake up, make sure someone is calling 120 and move on to the next step. The basic idea of first aid that you need to know is ABC: airway, breathing, and circulation. Airway: If someone is not breathing, the first thing you need to do is to clear the airway. When a person is unresponsive (无反应的), his tongue can block his airway so he can no longer breathe. Put his head back and open the airway by pulling the tongue forward.③ Breathing: If you have cleared a person’s airway but he is still not breathing, provide rescue breathing quickly.④ Circulation: As you are doing rescue breathing, perform chest compression (进行胸外按压) to keep the person’s blood circulating. If the person is breathing but is not responsive, check his pulse (脉搏). If his heart has stopped, provide chest compression. Whenever possible, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before providing first aid. This will help keep you from passing bacteria (细菌) on to the person you are saving. 根据以上内容，选择正确答案。 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A．When first aid is needed. B．The importance of first aid. C．What basic first aid skills are. D．The accidents happen every day. 2. 新考向[信息回填]It is better to put “If the person is not awake, try to wake them up.” in ________. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3. Why do you need to clear the airway first when someone is not breathing? A．Because his tongue may block the airway. B．Because his tongue was hurt badly. C．Because he is already unresponsive. D．Because his airway is very special. 4. 新考向[图文转换]Which of the following picture stands for“Circulation”? A． B． C． D． 5. What does the underlined word“thoroughly”mean in the last paragraph? A．nervously B．quickly C．quietly D．completely 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） How to Keep Safe in PE Class P.E. class is fun, but it’s easy to get hurt if we don’t take care. Follow these tips to stay safe and enjoy the class.     1     Wear sports shoes and comfortable clothes. They can protect your feet and body from being hurt. Also, bring a bottle of water to keep yourself hydrated. Do warm-up exercises carefully before class.     2     If you don’t warm up, your muscles (肌肉) will be tight and you may easily pull a muscle or sprain a joint.     3     Don’t run too fast or push your classmates when playing ball games. Follow the rules of the game, and stop playing if you feel tired or uncomfortable. If you get hurt in class, tell your teacher at once.     4     For a small cut, the teacher will clean it and put a bandage on it. For a serious injury like a broken bone, the school will call your parents and send you to the hospital quickly. After class, do some cool-down exercises.     5     They can help your body relax after hard exercise. A．They can make your muscles relax and get ready for exercise. B．Prepare well before class. C．It’s dangerous to hide your injury and keep playing. D．Don’t play sports outside if it rains heavily. E．Play sports in a careful way. F．They can help your heart and body slow down gradually. 答案：1.B 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.F 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Jack is an eighth-grade student at an American middle school. One day when he was eating his lunch, he accidentally ate a piece of plastic wrapping from his food. He started to cough with tears running down from his face. He was really scared when he found he couldn’t breathe. It was just hurting. Jack shouted, “I’m going to die. Help me!” Luckily, a boy named Aron happened to walk by at that time. What’s more, he knew clearly what to do. He saw Jack holding his throat, and noticed that his face turned purple. He quickly ran behind Jack and started doing the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法). In the end, Jack shouted, “It’s out! It’s out!” Aron said he learned how to do the Heimlich from a book several years before. So he understood the physics behind it. “It pushes the air through the throat to let the thing out,” he said. That night, Jack went home and told his mother what happened. She really wanted to find the child who saved her son. She posted it on the Internet. Later, Aron’s mother saw it and wrote her back. After this experience, the two boys became close friends. Jack was very thankful to his friend for helping him. Aron knew what to do when others didn’t even notice he was in trouble. “Without him, I might not be alive today,” he said. “And I will try my best to help others too.” 1.What happened to Jack when he was eating lunch? __________________（不少于 20 词） 2—4 题。根据短文内容补全表格 Person Thing that happened How he solved it Jack 2_____（不少于 5 个词） Was saved by Aron in time Aron Walked by and saw Jack in danger 3_____（不少于 3 个词） Jack's mother Knew her son was saved 4______（不少于 10 词） Why will Jack try to help others in the future? __________________（不少于 10 词） 答案:1.He accidentally ate a plastic wrapping and couldn’t breathe, feeling scared and painful. 2.Ate plastic wrapping and had trouble breathing 3.Did the Heimlich maneuver on Jack 4.Posted the story online to find the boy who saved her son 5.Because Aron saved his life and he wants to pass on the kindness 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 Stay Healthy 第五课时(SectionB Vocabulary in use 2a-2c)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 pill /pɪl/ n. 药丸；药片 — harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 harm (n./v. 伤害；损害); harmless (adj. 无害的) hit /hɪt/ v. / n. v. 碰撞；击；打；n. 打；击；击中 —（过去式 / 过去分词：hit, hit） shock /ʃɒk/ n. / v. n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；v. 使震惊；使惊愕 shocked (adj. 感到震惊的); shocking (adj. 令人震惊的) bleed /bliːd/ v. 流血；出血 blood (n. 血；血液)（过去式 / 过去分词：bled /bled/, bled） check /tʃek/ v. / n. v. 检查；查明；n. 检查；调查 — pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 painful (adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的); painless (adj. 无痛的) ache /eɪk/ n. / v. n. 疼痛；v. 疼痛 — catch /kætʃ/ v. 感染；抓住；接住 —（过去式 / 过去分词：caught /kɔːt/, caught） injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. （身体上的）伤；损害 injure (v. 使受伤；损害); injured (adj. 受伤的) hurt /hɜːt/ v. / adj. v. （使）疼痛；受伤；adj. 受伤的 —（过去式 / 过去分词：hurt, hurt） sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 — X-ray /ˈeks reɪ/ n. X 光；X 光片 — avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；避开 avoidable (adj. 可避免的); unavoidable (adj. 不可避免的) aid /eɪd/ n. / v. 援助；帮助 first aid 急救 throw /θrəʊ/ v. 扔；投；掷 —（过去式：threw /θruː/；过去分词：thrown /θrəʊn/） colour /ˈkʌlə(r)/ n. / v. n. 颜色；v. 给…… 着色 colourful (adj. 多彩的) self /self/ n. 自己；自我 —（复数：selves） care /keə(r)/ n. / v. 关心；照顾 careful (adj. 小心的); careless (adj. 粗心的) harm /hɑːm/ n. / v. 伤害；损害 harmful (adj. 有害的); harmless (adj. 无害的) 二、重点短语（必背） 1. 后缀相关核心短语 -less 后缀（表 “无；没有”）：colourless（无色的）、careless（粗心的）、harmless（无害的）、painless（无痛的） -ache 后缀（表 “疼痛”）：backache（背痛）、headache（头痛）、stomachache（胃痛）、toothache（牙痛） -self /-selves 后缀（表 “自己；亲自”）：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、itself（它自己）、himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、ourselves（我们自己）、yourselves（你们自己）、themselves（他们 / 她们 / 它们自己） 2. 动词搭配类 cry out in pain 痛苦地大叫 catch the flu 患流感 get an injury 受伤 first aid 急救 suffer from shock 遭受惊吓 have a sore arm 胳膊酸痛 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 fall off 从…… 摔下来 be harmful to 对…… 有害 3. 功能短语类 in pain 处于疼痛中 all morning 一整个上午 next time 下次 cross the road 过马路 call for help 呼救 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1. 描述身体不适与受伤 The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in pain. 小男孩从椅子上摔下来，疼得大叫。 If you get a (n) injury, you’ll have to rest for some time. 如果你受伤了，你需要休息一段时间。 Tom’s ear hurt, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. 汤姆的耳朵疼，所以医生给他开了一些药。 Lifting those heavy boxes all morning made my arms really sore. 一上午搬重箱子让我的胳膊非常酸痛。 2. 描述意外事故与急救 Suddenly, something hit her hard and threw her to the ground. 突然，有东西重重地撞到了她，把她撞倒在地。 His face was coloured with fear. 他的脸因恐惧而变色。 She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. 她受到了惊吓，胳膊在流血。 Don’t worry. I know first aid! I’ll call for help too! 别担心，我懂急救！我也会呼救的！ 3. 描述就医与反思 An X-ray showed that her right arm was broken. 一张 X 光片显示她的右臂骨折了。 You’re lucky that your injury wasn’t worse. 你很幸运，伤得不算更重。 I’ll avoid looking at my phone while crossing the road next time. 下次过马路时，我会避免看手机。 语法点拨 1. 名词后缀构词法 后缀 含义 例词 -less 表 “无；没有”，加在名词后构成形容词 colour → colourless（无色的）、care → careless（粗心的） -ache 表 “疼痛”，加在身体部位名词后构成名词 / 动词 back → backache（背痛）、head → headache（头痛） -self / -selves 表 “自己；亲自”，构成反身代词 my → myself、our → ourselves（复数用 - selves） 2. 易混词辨析 单词 区别 用法 pain / ache pain 泛指身体 / 精神上的疼痛，可作名词 / 动词；ache 指持续的隐痛，多与身体部位连用 in pain（固定搭配，表 “处于疼痛中”）；headache/toothache（固定搭配） injury / pain injury 指 “伤口；损伤”（具体的伤）；pain 指 “疼痛”（主观感受） get an injury（受伤）；cry out in pain（疼得大叫） hurt / sore hurt 可作动词（表 “疼痛；受伤”）/ 形容词；sore 仅作形容词，表 “酸痛的”，多修饰身体部位 My arm hurts.（我的胳膊疼）；a sore throat（喉咙痛） 3. 非谓语动词 avoid doing sth.：avoid 后接动名词作宾语，表 “避免做某事” 例：I’ll avoid looking at my phone while crossing the road. 五、自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词（每空 1 分，共 10 分） I have a bad t______ because I ate too much candy. You should be careful when you do sports to avoid getting an i______. The little boy fell off his bike and cried out in p______. If you don’t wear a mask, you might c______ the flu easily. My legs are s______ after running for a long time. The doctor took an ______ (X 光片) to check my broken arm. You should learn some first ______ (急救) knowledge in case of emergency. It’s ______ (有害的) to your eyes to look at your phone for a long time. You should ______ (避免) playing with fire, it’s dangerous. The car ______ (碰撞) the boy and he fell to the ground. 二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分） It’s ______ (harm) to your health to stay up late. You should be ______ (care) not to make the same mistake again. The little girl cut her finger and it was ______ (bleed). He was ______ (shock) when he heard the bad news. My head ______ (hurt) badly, so I need to have a rest. You should avoid ______ (eat) too much junk food. The doctor gave me some ______ (pill) to stop the pain. She ______ (throw) the ball to me and I caught it. The ______ (injury) boy was sent to the hospital at once. This is a ______ (pain) lesson for me, I won’t do it again. 三、单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） The little boy fell off the tree and cried out in ______. A. pain B. ache C. injury D. sore If you don’t wash your hands often, you might ______ the flu. A. take B. catch C. get D. have Be careful when you climb the mountain. If you get a(n) ______, you’ll be in danger. A. pain B. ache C. injury D. sore My stomach ______, so I didn’t eat anything this morning. A. suffer B. hurt C. hurts D. sore Lifting heavy things made my back really ______. A. harmful B. sore C. pain D. ache You should ______ looking at your phone while crossing the road. A. avoid B. stop C. keep D. enjoy The driver knew first ______ and helped the girl right away. A. help B. aid C. save D. rescue An ______ showed that her leg was broken. A. X-ray B. check C. pill D. shock His face was ______ with fear when he saw the accident. A. colour B. coloured C. colourful D. colourless Which of the following is a reflexive pronoun? A. careless B. headache C. myself D. harmless 四、按要求完成句子（每空 1 分，共 10 分） You should avoid playing with fire.（改为同义句） You should ______ ______ with fire. The boy fell off his bike and hurt his arm.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ to the boy? My head hurts badly.（改为同义句） I have a bad ______ ______. The doctor gave him some pills.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the doctor ______ him any pills? She was suffering from shock.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ suffering from shock. 自我检测答案 一、单词拼写 toothache 2. injury 3. pain 4. catch 5. sore X-ray 7. aid 8. harmful 9. avoid 10. hit 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 harmful 2. careful 3. bleeding 4. shocked 5. hurts/hurt eating 7. pills 8. threw 9. injured 10. painful 三、单项选择 1-5: ABCCB 6-10: ABABC 四、句型转换 1.not; play 2. What; happened 3. head; ache 4. Did; give 5. was; not 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $