内容正文:
外研版(三起)(2024)四年级下册
Unit 4 Plant life 重点词汇与句型专项提优
第一步:单元重点梳理
一、重点词汇
1. 植物部位类
seed /siːd/ 名词,意思是“种子,籽”。可以和单词need一起记,种子需要生长。
root /ruːt/ 名词,意思是“根”。可以和foot(脚)一起记,根就像植物的脚一样,牢牢扎在土里。
stem /stem/ 名词,意思是“茎,梗,柄”。茎让植物站起来,支撑着叶子和花。
leaf /liːf/ 名词,意思是“叶,叶子”。它的复数形式是leaves(f变v加es)。例如:The tree has many green leaves.
flower /ˈflaʊə(r)/ 名词,意思是“花,花朵”。sun加上flower就组成了sunflower(向日葵)。
2. 农作物类
sunflower /ˈsʌnflaʊə(r)/ 名词,意思是“向日葵”。向日葵总是面向太阳。
wheat /wiːt/ 名词,意思是“小麦”。小麦可以磨成面粉,做成面包。
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ 名词,意思是“棉花,棉株”。我们穿的衣服很多都是用棉花做的。
cabbage /ˈkæbɪdʒ/ 名词,意思是“卷心菜,甘蓝”。这是一种常见的蔬菜。
3. 核心名词
life /laɪf/ 名词,意思是“一生,生活;生命”。复数形式是lives。
earth /ɜːθ/ 名词,意思是“泥土,土壤;地球”。种子需要种在泥土里。
grain /ɡreɪn/ 名词,意思是“谷粒”。小麦成熟后会结出谷粒。
paper /ˈpeɪpə(r)/ 名词,意思是“纸;报纸”。纸是由植物制成的。
dream /driːm/ 名词,意思是“梦想”。每个人都可以有梦想。
4. 动词类
dig /dɪɡ/ 动词,意思是“挖,掘”。现在分词形式是digging(双写g加ing)。例如:I am digging a hole.
grow /ɡrəʊ/ 动词,意思是“生长,成长”。过去式是grew。例如:The plant grows every day.
sleep /sliːp/ 动词,意思是“睡,睡觉”。现在分词形式是sleeping。
miss /mɪs/ 动词,意思是“想念;错过”。注意这个词和女士的称呼Miss拼写相同。
water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ 动词,意思是“浇水”。这个词也可以作名词,意思是“水”。例如:I water the flowers every day.
help /help/ 动词,意思是“帮助”。常用搭配是help sb. do sth. 例如:Thank you for helping us grow.
5. 情态动词与其他
will /wɪl/ 情态动词,意思是“将,会,要”。后面跟动词原形,表示将来发生的事情。例如:His dream will come true.
thin /θɪn/ 形容词,意思是“细的;瘦的”。反义词是thick(厚的,粗的)或fat(胖的)。
everything /ˈevrɪθɪŋ/ 代词,意思是“每件事物;所有事物”。这个词作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如:Everything is so good.
true /truː/ 形容词,意思是“真实的,真正的”。常用短语come true表示“实现”。
6. 重点短语
in the earth 在泥土里。例如:The seeds are in the earth.
pick cotton 摘棉花。例如:Farmers are picking cotton in the field.
water the wheat 给小麦浇水。例如:We need to water the wheat.
grow up 长大。例如:The little plant is growing up.
come true 实现。例如:His dream will come true.
stay with 和……待在一起。例如:I like staying with my grandpa.
thank you for doing sth. 感谢你做某事。例如:Thank you for helping me.
use...to make... 用……制作……。例如:We use plants to make paper.
have a dream 有一个梦想。例如:My grandpa has a big dream.
二、重点句型
询问正在做什么及回答
—What are you doing?(你正在做什么?)—I'm digging.(我正在挖土。)
这个句型用来询问对方此时此刻正在进行的动作。问句用be动词加现在分词,答句也要用相应的be动词加现在分词。
询问是否正在做某事及回答
—Are your seeds growing?(你的种子正在生长吗?)
—Yes, they are.(是的,它们正在生长。)
一般疑问句把be动词提到主语前面,肯定回答用Yes,否定回答用No。
询问做某事的频率
—How often do you water it?(你多久给它浇一次水?)
这个句型用来询问动作发生的频率。回答可以用Every day.(每天)、Once a week.(一周一次)等。
一般将来时
主语 + will + 动词原形。表示将要发生的事情。例如:His dream will come true one day.(他的梦想总有一天会实现。)
用……做……
use + 名词 + to + 动词原形。例如:We use plants to make paper.(我们用植物来造纸。)
因……而感谢
Thank you for + 动词-ing。例如:Thank you for helping us grow.(感谢你帮助我们成长。)
everything作主语的用法
Everything + 动词三单形式。例如:Everything is so good.(一切都那么美好。)
第二步:专项提优训练
一、根据汉语提示,写出正确的单词。
1. The __________ (种子) is small and round.
2. Put the seeds in the e__________ (泥土).
3. The __________ (茎) of the sunflower is tall and thin.
4. The tree has many green l__________ (叶子). (注意复数)
5. The __________ (花) is very beautiful. I like it.
6. Farmers are picking c__________ (棉花) in the field.
7. We use plants to make p__________ (纸).
8. Grandpa has a d__________ (梦想). He wants to grow tall rice plants.
9. The __________ (根) of the plant are under the ground.
10. The little plant is growing up. E__________ (所有事物) is so good.
二、选出下列每组单词中不同类的一项。
( ) 1. A. seed B. root C. thin
( ) 2. A. dig B. flower C. grow
( ) 3. A. wheat B. cotton C. sleep
( ) 4. A. cabbage B. paper C. sunflower
( ) 5. A. will B. are C. dream
( ) 6. A. leaf B. leaves C. look
( ) 7. A. earth B. grain C. dig
( ) 8. A. water B. help C. everything
( ) 9. A. miss B. true C. thin
( ) 10. A. stem B. grow C. root
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! The seeds ________ (grow) now.
2. We use cotton ________ (make) clothes.
3. Thank you for ________ (help) me plant the flowers.
4. My grandpa ________ (have) a big dream.
5. Everything ________ (be) ready. Let's start!
6. —What are you ________ (do)?
—I'm ________ (dig) a hole.
7. The little plant ________ (grow) up day by day.
8. I like ________ (stay) with my grandpa in the countryside.
9. His dream will ________ (come) true one day.
10. The ________ (leaf) turn yellow in autumn.
四、根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1. 你正在做什么?
What ________ you ________?
2. 种子在泥土里。
The seeds are ________ ________ ________.
3. 我们需要给小麦浇水。
We need to ________ the ________.
4. 他的梦想将会实现。
His dream will ________ ________.
5. 植物每天都在长大。
Plants ________ ________ every day.
6. 我们用植物来造纸。
We ________ plants ________ ________ paper.
7. 感谢你帮助我们成长!
Thank you for ________ us ________!
8. 种子正在发芽吗?
________ the seeds ________?
9. 你多久浇一次水?
________ ________ do you water it?
10. 向日葵在阳光下生长。
Sunflowers are ________ in the ________.
五、单项选择。
( ) 1. —What are you doing?—I'm ______ the seeds in the earth.
A. put B. puts C. putting
( ) 2. —Are your seeds growing?—______. They are small and green.
A. Yes, they are B. No, they aren't C. Yes, they do
( ) 3. Everything ________ so good. I love my garden!
A. are B. is C. am
( ) 4. My grandpa wants ________ tall rice plants.
A. grow B. to grow C. growing
( ) 5. We use plants ________ many things.
A. make B. to make C. making
( ) 6. —________ do you water the sunflower?—Once a day.
A. How many B. How often C. How tall
( ) 7. The sunflower ________ the sun every day.
A. look at B. looks at C. looking at
( ) 8. I like ________ with my grandpa in the garden.
A. stay B. stays C. staying
( ) 9. Look ________ the little leaves. They are so cute!
A. at B. for C. to
( ) 10. His dream will come true ________ day.
A. one B. a C. an
六、按要求完成句子。
1. I am watering the flowers. (对划线部分提问)
2. The seeds are growing. (改为一般疑问句)
3. We use plants to make paper. (改为否定句)
4. How often do you water the plant? (用“every morning”回答)
5. My grandpa has a dream. (改为一般疑问句)
参考答案
一、根据提示写单词
1. seed 2. earth 3. stem 4. leaves 5. flower
6. cotton 7. paper 8. dream 9. root 10. Everything
二、选出不同类
1. C (thin是形容词,其他是名词) 2. B (flower是名词,其他是动词)
3. C (sleep是动词,其他是名词) 4. B (paper是物品,其他是农作物)
5. C (dream是名词,will和are是助动词)
6. C (look是动词,其他是名词)
7. C (dig是动词,其他是名词)
8. C (everything是代词,其他可作动词)
9. A (miss是动词,其他是形容词) 10. B (grow是动词,其他是名词)
三、用所给词适当形式填空
1. are growing 2. to make 3. helping 4. has 5. is
6. doing, digging 7. grows 8. staying 9. come 10. leaves
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. are, doing 2. in the earth 3. water, wheat 4. come true
5. grow up 6. use, to make 7. helping, grow 8. Are, growing
9. How often 10. growing, sun
五、单项选择
1. C (be动词+动词ing) 2. A (肯定回答) 3. B (everything作主语用is)
4. B (want to do sth.) 5. B (use sth. to do sth.) 6. B (询问频率)
7. B (主语三单) 8. C (like doing sth.) 9. A (look at)
10. A (one day 有一天)
六、按要求完成句子
1. What are you doing?
2. Are the seeds growing?
3. We don't use plants to make paper.
4. I water it every morning.
5. Does your grandpa have a dream?
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