2026年中考英语语法之陈述句课件

初中英语语法 陈述句 读一读，关于陈述句，你能发现什么？ London is the capital of the UK. They work in Shanghai. Sugar will dissolve in hot tea. She can’t play the piano. She picked up the litter and threw it into the bin. 2 用途：陈述____________ 句型：包含______结构 和______结构 语调：_________ 标点：_______________ 事实或观点 肯定 否定 用降调 句末用句号“.” 陈述句概述 3 Be型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + be + 表语. She is a student. 她是一名学生。 They are happy now. 她们现在很开心。 They were in the park yesterday. 他们昨天在公园。 系动词 考点1：Be型陈述句 4 Be型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + be + 分词/going to(+其他). The baby is sleeping now. 这个婴儿正在睡觉。 She was saved by her husband. 她被她丈夫救了。 They are going to play football this afternoon. 今天下午他们打算踢足球。 助动词 5 Be型陈述句之否定句 主语 + be + not + 表语. We aren’t in the classroom now. 我们现在不在教室。 I wasn’t a teacher two years ago. 两年前我还不是老师。 系动词 is/are/was/were not = isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t； am not不能缩写！ 6 Be型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + be + not + 分词/going to(+其他). They aren’t playing basketball now. 他们现在没打篮球。 The project isn’t finished yet. 这个项目还没完成。 I am not going to attend the meeting tomorrow. 我们明天不打算参加会议。 助动词 7 Do型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + 实义动词 (+ 其他). He plays football every day. 他每天踢足球。 She ate an apple this morning. 她今早吃了一个苹果。 The rain stopped. 雨停了。 考点2：Do型陈述句 8 Do型陈述句之否定句 主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + 实义动词原形 (+其他). She doesn’t like staying up late. 她不喜欢熬夜。 I didn’t watch the movie last night. 我昨晚没看那部电影。 He doesn’t do his homework in the morning. 他早上不做作业。 9 Will型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + will + 实义动词 (+ 其他). The rain will stop in an hour. 雨一小时后会停。 I will help you with the problem. 我会帮你解决这道题。 She will take the bus instead of driving today. 今天她决定坐公交而不开车。 考点3：Will型陈述句 10 Will型陈述句之否定句 主语 + won’t + 实义动词原形 (+其他). We won’t go camping if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营了。 The concert won’t start until 8 o’clock. 演唱会要到 8 点才会开始。 will not = won’t 11 Have型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + have/has/had + 过去分词 (+ 其他). I have finished my homework. 我已经完成作业了。 She has traveled to three countries this year. 她今年已经去过 3 个国家了。 He told me he had read that novel twice. 他告诉我那本小说他已经读了两遍。 考点4：Have型陈述句 助动词 12 Have型陈述句之否定句 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t/hadn’t + 过去分词 (+其他). I haven’t finished my report yet. 我还没写完我的报告。 She hasn’t watched that new movie. 她还没看过那部新电影。 By last month, we hadn’t received the package. 到上个月为止，我们还没收到包裹。 助动词 13 Have作实义动词“拥有”、“吃，喝”等意时，肯定句和否定句的结构参考上节所讲的Do型陈述句。 I have a new friend. 我有一个新朋友。 She has many toys. 她有很多玩具。 I didn’t have breakfast this morning. 我今天早上没吃早饭。 14 情态动词型陈述句之肯定句 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 (+ 其他). He can swim well. 他游泳很好。 We should study hard. 我们应该努力学习。 She may be at home now. 她现在可能在家。 考点5：情态动词型陈述句 15 情态动词型陈述句之否定句 主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 (+其他). You can’t take photos in the museum. 你不能在博物馆里拍照。 We mustn’t be late for the exam. 我们考试绝对不能迟到。 He might not know the answer to this question. 他可能不知道这道题的答案。 16 含其他否定词型陈述句之否定句 主语 + 否定副词(never/seldom/hardly) + 谓语 (+ 其他). He never plays computer games. 他从不玩电脑游戏。 They seldom go out for dinner on weekdays. 他们工作日很少出去吃晚饭。 He hardly watches TV after finishing his work. 他做完工作后几乎不看电视。 考点6：其他陈述句 17 含其他否定词型陈述句之否定句 主语(否定代词) + 谓语 (+ 其他). Nobody likes to wait for a long time. 没人喜欢长时间等待。 Nothing can stop us from reaching the goal. 没什么能阻止我们达成目标。 None of the books is interesting. 这些书没有一本是有趣的。 nothing, nobody, nowhere, none, neither, nor, no one 18 例题 按要求改写句子： The old man has lived in this town for about fifty years. (改为否定句) The old man ________ _______ in this town for about fifty years. 【详解】 句意：这位老人已经在这个城镇住了大约五十年。 原句为现在完成时，改为否定句，需在助动词has后加not，缩写为hasn’t，其余不变。故填hasn’t；lived。 hasn’t lived 19 完成句子： 大明会说英语，但他不会说日语。 Daming ____________ English, but he ___________ Japanese. 【详解】 根据汉英对照可知，情态动词“can 会，能”表示能力，其后跟动词原形；说某种语言用动词speak：speak English 说英语，speak Japanese 说日语；can的否定形式为can’t。故填can；speak；can’ t；speak。 can speak can’t speak 例题 20 完成句子： Both of them were tired after running the long race. (改为否定句) _________ of them _________ tired after running the long race. 【详解】 句意：跑完长跑后，他们俩都累了。 根据题目要求变成否定句，这里both表示“两者都”，否定形式是neither“两者都不”；neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由were变成was，句首单词首字母大写。故填Neither；was。 Neither was 例题 21 按要求改写句子： Rudy will learn to cook after graduation. (改为否定句) Rudy ________ ________ learn to cook after graduation. 【详解】 句意：Rudy毕业之后将学习烹饪。 根据题目要求，改为否定句，直接在助动词will后加not，故填will；not。 will not 例题 22 —Can any of you tell something about the Confucius Temple? —I’m afraid not. _______ of us has been there before! A. Each B. all C. None D. No one 小试牛刀 23 I got up ________ this morning, so I ________ breakfast and went to school. A. late; didn’t have B. early; didn’t have C. late; hadn’t D. early; hadn’t 小试牛刀 24 Ten months __________ a long time, but it’s enough for us to build the bridge. A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t 小试牛刀 25 I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it _____ , I’ll fly kites with my friends. A. will rain; doesn’t rain B. doesn’t rain; will rain C. will rain; rains D. rains; doesn’t rain 小试牛刀 26 完成句子： 无论做什么，她都不放弃。 Whatever she does, she ________________. 小试牛刀 doesn’t give up 27 语法填空 Our school has a small but lively garden. I 1. ____________ (visit) it almost every day since I entered Grade Seven. It 2. ______ (not be) a big place, but it holds many sweet memories for us students. Last spring, our class 3. ________ (decide) to plant some sunflowers there. At first, we 4. ___________ (not know) how to take care of the seeds. Miss Li, our biology teacher, taught us to water them properly. She told us that the seeds 5. ______________ (not grow) well if we gave them too much water. have visited isn’t didn’t know decided wouldn’t grow 小试牛刀 28 We took turns looking after the garden. Every morning, someone would check the soil. Once, a heavy rain came suddenly. We were afraid the young plants 6. _________ (die). Luckily, they survived because we covered them with plastic cloth in time. After two months, the first sunflower bloomed. We 7. _______ (be) so excited that we took many photos together. Now, some students still 8. ______ (keep) a diary about the garden. would die were keep 29 $