专题03 重点语法归纳拓展&专项训练-2025-2026学年八年级下学期期中复习（新外研版）

专题03 重点语法归纳拓展&专项训练 Unit 1 Career talks 被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 　　主动语态的句子中,主语是动作的执行者。 　　被动语态的句子中,主语是动作的承受者。一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。 Lots of students love this English song. (主动语态,句子的主语Lots of students是动作love的执行者) This English song is loved by lots of students. (被动语态,句子的主语This English song是动作love的承受者) 一． 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成 　　被动语态一般由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 时态 被动语态的句式 例句 一般现在时 主语+am/is/are+ 动词过去分词+其他. English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内被广泛使用。 一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 二．被动语态的运用 　　一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态: (1)需要强调动作的承受者时。The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。 (2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。 (3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。 (4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。 三． 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法 注意(1)不及物动词(短语)如happen、rise、appear、take place等没有被动语态。 (2)动词短语如talk about、pay attention to、take care of等在变为被动语态时,其中的介词不可漏掉。 (3)在主动语态的句子中,感官动词(see、watch、hear等)和使役动词(make、let等)后面常接省略to的动词不定式,但在变为被动语态时,不能省略to。 People often see Betty help the old lady with her housework.→Betty is often seen to help the old lady with her housework.(人们)经常看到Betty帮那位老太太做家务。 随堂训练 一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 综合练习 一．用所给单词的正确形式填空（被动语态专项） 1.Chinese ____________ (speak) by more and more people all over the world. 2.We ____________ (pay) by the boss on the last day of each month. 3.—Will you go to his birthday party tonight? —No, unless I ____________. (invite) 4.Most of his time ____________ (spend) playing games. 5.It’s reported that Metro Line 5 ____________ (finish) in another four years. 6.You ____________ (give) some advice if you ask your teacher for some. 7.The next Winter Olympic Games ____________ (hold) in Milan in 2026. 8.As soon as the school leaders arrive, the guests ____________ (show) around the new buildings. 9.The book ____________ (translate) into over 30 foreign languages in the future. 10.Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan ____________ (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 11.Usually, paper cuttings ____________ (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 12.All the dialogue in Baiju ____________ (speak) in Nanjing dialect, easy to understand, and full of humor. 13.New clothes and shoes ____________ (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year. 14.The list of winners will ____________ (put) up on the school website. 15.With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G ____________ (use) around most parts of China in the near future. 16.We are asked ____________ (take) our temperature every day. 17.You ____________ (expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary. 18.Jiangsu automatic(自动化) test of listening and speaking ____________ (hold) in April every year. 19.Every year many trees ____________ (plant) along the streets to make our city more beautiful. 20.These brightly colored bicycles can be seen everywhere. They ____________（lock） by the user after riding, and then unlocked by the next rider with a mobile phone. 二．完成句子 1．People regard Qiqihar as a city of red-crowned cranes. (改为被动语态) Qiqihar ________ ________ as a city of red-crowned cranes. 2．Alice hangs the wet clothes on the balcony to dry. (改为被动语态) The wet clothes ________ ________ on the balcony to dry by Alice. 3．May writes several articles for the school newspaper every week. (改为被动语态) Several articles _______ ________ by May for the school newspaper every week. 4．He will sing a song as a gift. (改为被动语态) A song ________ ________ ________ by him as a gift. 5．They will build a wooden bridge. (改为被动语态) A wooden bridge ________ ________ ________ by them. 6．我们学校运动会将在下月举行。 Our sports meeting will ________ ________ next month. 7．足球赛将在城市中心举行。 The soccer game ________ ________ ________ in the city center. 8．在Tom的班上，同学们总是被教导要互相帮助。 In Tom’s class, students _________ always _________ __________ help each other. 9．在所有这些语言中，英语是使用最广泛的。 Of all these languages, English ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 10．他（李白）被认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。 He ________ ________ ________ be one of the best romantic poets in China. Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 被动语态 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 随堂训练 一．用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空 1.We hope that DeepSeek ____________ (use) in more fields to make our lives better in the future. 2.Nowadays, this book ____________ (sell) well. 3.Today, Yangko Dance ____________ (think) as an important cultural treasure in our country. 4.A lot of tea plants ____________ (grow) on the sides of the mountain every year. 5.Every year, about 750,000 cars ____________ (produce) in this factory. 6.His new novel is very popular and it ____________ (sell) out last week. 7.The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CPC (中国共产党) was ____________ (hold) in Tian’anmen Square in Beijing on July 1st, 2021. 8.The house was ____________ (build) in the 19th century and is a typical style of that time. 9.Hundreds of factories ____________ (encourage) to move away or close between 2005 and 2015. 10.Development in some areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years. 11.Development in areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years. 12.This famous scientist ____________ (invite) to our school to give a speech next week. 13.As soon as Tom finishes the task, he ____________ (offer) a two-week holiday. 14.All the students in my class ____________ (divide) into six groups to have a field trip in two days. 15.A new bridge ____________ (build) soon, which is hoped to make travel easier for villagers in the area. 16.It’s known that glass ____________ (feel) much colder than wood in winter. 17.—What do you think of the poem? —It’s a little bit long, but anyway, it ____________ (read) well. 18.The robot needs ____________ (check) once a month. And we will check it for you for free. 19.With the development of our country, Chinese ____________ (learn) in many other countries. 20.To keep safe, everyone ____________ (tell) to wear a seat belt in the car now. 21.If all the rubbish ____________ (throw) into bins, our city can keep clean. 22.It is said that this museum ____________ (name) after Qu Qiubai many years ago. 23.Beijing opera ____________ (introduce) to more people around the world during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival. 24.The Internet ____________ (invent) by the US government in the 1960s for the army to use. 25.ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was ____________ (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022. 26.June 8th was ____________ (name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 27.This stone bridge ____________ (build) over 800 years ago. 28.—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ____________ (write) by Aron Ralston. 29.One of the most famous Marvel heroic character—Spiderman, ____________ (create) in 1962. 30.The Notre-Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院大教堂) ____________ (burn) by fire on April 15, 2019. 二．完成句子 1．He usually gives me some advice. (改为被动语态) I usually some advice by him. 2．The stranger helped the old man cross the road. (改为被动语态) The old man the road by the stranger. 3．Chinese people grew tea plants many years ago.（改为被动语态） Tea plants by Chinese people many years ago. 4．Nowadays, people use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态) Nowadays, smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. 5．一个月后，我们学校将举办校园英语节。 The school English Festival in our school in a month. 6．They saw a boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态) A boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. 7．We raised 20, 000 yuan at the show. (改写成被动语态的句子) 20, 000 yuan at the party. 8．上周，李华被邀请参加学校的旅游知识竞赛。 Last week, Li Hua to join in a travel quiz show at school. 9．I was allowed to play football. (改为否定句) I to play football. 10．The machine was invented many years ago. (对划线部分提问) the machine invented? Unit 3 What makes a great team？ 情态动词should、must、can、need、have to与had better 　　情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。 情态动词及其用法 例句 should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn't。 You should talk to your parents about your feelings. 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。 had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。 You had better not tell Oliver. 你最好不要告诉Oliver。 (1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can't表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。 (2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。 一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 Can you type?你会打字吗? When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest. 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。 must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn't表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。 Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don't have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn't)。 You don't have to worry about them any more. 你再也不必为他们发愁了。 need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn't表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须(放在外面)。 —No, you needn't. 不,你不必(放在外面)。 shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 Shall I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗? Let's begin now, shall we? 咱们现在开始,好吗? 辨析must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要) must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。 You don't need to stay here all the time. 你不必一直待在这里。 随堂训练 1 —When will your flight arrive? I’ll pick you up at the airport. —Thank you, but you ________. I can take a taxi. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 2 —________ I come back before five o’clock? —No, you ________. But you ________ be back after seven o’clock. A． Must; needn’t; needn’t B．May; mustn’t; can’t C．Can; can’t; can’t D．Must; needn’t; can’t 3 —Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 4 — Would you like to drink ________ juice? — Yes, I’d love to. But there isn’t _______ juice in the glass. A．some; some B．some; any C．any; some D．any; any 5 More and more people _________ like to go to work by underground. A．could B．should C．would D．had 6 —Remember to call me when you arrive, Mike. —I ________, mum. A．must B．can C．will D．should 7 —I’m leaving now. —It’s rainy. Better stay here. Call a taxi if you ________. A．will B．may C．have to D．could 8 My baby sister is coughing a lot. She ________ see a doctor soon. A．should B．may C．can D．need 9 —Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own. A．could; may B．can’t; should C．could; should D．can; shouldn’t 10 —I’m not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot. —You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest. A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t 二．完成句子 1．I can read these words with feeling. (改为一般疑问句) you these words with feeling? 2．She must be waiting for you at the gate.（改为否定句） She waiting for you at the gate. 3．You’d better practice the guitar at night. (改为否定句） You’d practice the guitar at night. 4．You must clean all the windows in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答) we clean all the windows in the classroom? No, you . 5．She had to wear the strange clothes for the party.  (改为否定句) She to wear the strange clothes for the party . 6．She’d like to read electronic books in her spare time. (改为一般疑问句) she to read electronic books in her spare time? 7．The little girl could perform ballet at the age of seven. (改为—般疑问句) the little girl ballet at the age of seven? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 重点语法归纳拓展&专项训练 Unit 1 Career talks 被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 　　主动语态的句子中,主语是动作的执行者。 　　被动语态的句子中,主语是动作的承受者。一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。 Lots of students love this English song. (主动语态,句子的主语Lots of students是动作love的执行者) This English song is loved by lots of students. (被动语态,句子的主语This English song是动作love的承受者) 一． 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成 　　被动语态一般由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 时态 被动语态的句式 例句 一般现在时 主语+am/is/are+ 动词过去分词+其他. English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内被广泛使用。 一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 二．被动语态的运用 　　一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态: (1)需要强调动作的承受者时。The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。 (2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。 (3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。 (4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。 三． 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法 注意(1)不及物动词(短语)如happen、rise、appear、take place等没有被动语态。 (2)动词短语如talk about、pay attention to、take care of等在变为被动语态时,其中的介词不可漏掉。 (3)在主动语态的句子中,感官动词(see、watch、hear等)和使役动词(make、let等)后面常接省略to的动词不定式,但在变为被动语态时,不能省略to。 People often see Betty help the old lady with her housework.→Betty is often seen to help the old lady with her housework.(人们)经常看到Betty帮那位老太太做家务。 随堂训练 一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态 综合练习 一．用所给单词的正确形式填空（被动语态专项） 1.Chinese ____________ (speak) by more and more people all over the world. 2.We ____________ (pay) by the boss on the last day of each month. 3.—Will you go to his birthday party tonight? —No, unless I ____________. (invite) 4.Most of his time ____________ (spend) playing games. 5.It’s reported that Metro Line 5 ____________ (finish) in another four years. 6.You ____________ (give) some advice if you ask your teacher for some. 7.The next Winter Olympic Games ____________ (hold) in Milan in 2026. 8.As soon as the school leaders arrive, the guests ____________ (show) around the new buildings. 9.The book ____________ (translate) into over 30 foreign languages in the future. 10.Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan ____________ (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 11.Usually, paper cuttings ____________ (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 12.All the dialogue in Baiju ____________ (speak) in Nanjing dialect, easy to understand, and full of humor. 13.New clothes and shoes ____________ (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year. 14.The list of winners will ____________ (put) up on the school website. 15.With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G ____________ (use) around most parts of China in the near future. 16.We are asked ____________ (take) our temperature every day. 17.You ____________ (expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary. 18.Jiangsu automatic(自动化) test of listening and speaking ____________ (hold) in April every year. 19.Every year many trees ____________ (plant) along the streets to make our city more beautiful. 20.These brightly colored bicycles can be seen everywhere. They ____________（lock） by the user after riding, and then unlocked by the next rider with a mobile phone. 1．is spoken 【详解】句意：汉语被全世界越来越多的人说。 分析：主语 Chinese 与 speak 是被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spoken。 2．are paid 【详解】句意：我们在每个月的最后一天被老板支付工资。 分析：主语 we 与 pay 是被动关系，根据 every month 可知用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are paid。 3．am invited 【详解】句意：——你今晚会去参加他的生日聚会吗？——不，除非我被邀请。 分析：unless 引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；主语 I 与 invite 是被动关系，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 am invited。 4．is spent 【详解】句意：他的大部分时间都花在玩游戏上。 分析：主语 time 与 spend 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spent。 5．will be finished 【详解】句意：据报道，地铁5号线将在四年后完工。 分析：根据 in another four years 可知用一般将来时；主语 Metro Line 5 与 finish 是被动关系，故填 will be finished。 6．will be given 【详解】句意：如果你向老师请教，你会得到一些建议。 分析：if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；主语 you 与 give 是被动关系，故填 will be given。 7．will be held 【详解】句意：下一届冬季奥运会将于2026年在米兰举行。 分析：根据 in 2026 可知用一般将来时；主语 The next Winter Olympic Games 与 hold 是被动关系，故填 will be held。 8．will be shown 【详解】句意：学校领导一到，客人们就会被带领参观新大楼。 分析：as soon as 引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；主语 the guests 与 show 是被动关系，故填 will be shown。 9．will be translated 【详解】句意：这本书将来会被翻译成超过30种外语。 分析：根据 in the future 可知用一般将来时；主语 the book 与 translate 是被动关系，故填 will be translated。 10．is known 【详解】句意：凡是对敦煌感兴趣的人都听说过樊锦诗。她被许多人称为“敦煌女儿”。 分析：主语 Fan 与 know 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is known。 11．are put 【详解】句意：通常，剪纸在婚礼或节日时被贴在墙上、窗户和门上。 分析：根据 usually 可知用一般现在时；主语 paper cuttings 与 put 是被动关系，故填 are put。 12．is spoken 【详解】句意：白局中的所有对白都是用南京方言说的，通俗易懂，也很幽默。 分析：主语 All the dialogue 与 speak 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 is spoken。 13．are sent 【详解】句意：我的同学每年都会把新衣服和鞋子寄给贫困地区的孩子。 分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 New clothes and shoes 与 send 是被动关系，故填 are sent。 14．be put 【详解】句意：获奖名单将被张贴在学校网站上。 分析：根据 will 可知用一般将来时；主语 The list of winners 与 put up 是被动关系，故填 be put。 15．will be used 【详解】句意：随着高科技的快速发展，5G将在不久的将来在中国大部分地区使用。 分析：根据 in the near future 可知用一般将来时；主语 5G 与 use 是被动关系，故填 will be used。 16．to take 【详解】句意：我们被要求每天量体温。 分析：be asked to do sth. 是固定结构，故填 to take。 17．are expected 【详解】句意：在高中，你被期望更有条理，所以你可以写日记。 分析：主语 you 与 expect 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are expected。 18．is held 【详解】句意：江苏英语听说自动化考试每年四月举行。 分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 exam 与 hold 是被动关系，故填 is held。 19．are planted 【详解】句意：每年都有许多树被种在街道两旁，使我们的城市更美丽。 分析：根据 every year 可知用一般现在时；主语 many trees 与 plant 是被动关系，故填 are planted。 20．are locked 【详解】句意：这些色彩鲜艳的自行车随处可见。骑行后被用户锁住，然后下一位骑手用手机解锁。 分析：主语 they 指 bicycles，与 lock 是被动关系，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时被动语态，故填 are locked。 二．完成句子 1．People regard Qiqihar as a city of red-crowned cranes. (改为被动语态) Qiqihar ________ ________ as a city of red-crowned cranes. 2．Alice hangs the wet clothes on the balcony to dry. (改为被动语态) The wet clothes ________ ________ on the balcony to dry by Alice. 3．May writes several articles for the school newspaper every week. (改为被动语态) Several articles _______ ________ by May for the school newspaper every week. 4．He will sing a song as a gift. (改为被动语态) A song ________ ________ ________ by him as a gift. 5．They will build a wooden bridge. (改为被动语态) A wooden bridge ________ ________ ________ by them. 6．我们学校运动会将在下月举行。 Our sports meeting will ________ ________ next month. 7．足球赛将在城市中心举行。 The soccer game ________ ________ ________ in the city center. 8．在Tom的班上，同学们总是被教导要互相帮助。 In Tom’s class, students _________ always _________ __________ help each other. 9．在所有这些语言中，英语是使用最广泛的。 Of all these languages, English ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 10．他（李白）被认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。 He ________ ________ ________ be one of the best romantic poets in China. 1．is regarded 【详解】句意：齐齐哈尔被认为是丹顶鹤之城。一般现在时被动语态，故填 is regarded。 2．are hung 【详解】句意：湿衣服被爱丽丝挂在阳台上晾干。一般现在时被动语态，hang（悬挂）的过去分词为 hung，故填 are hung。 3．are written 【详解】句意：梅每周为校报写几篇文章。一般现在时被动语态，故填 are written。 4．will be sung 【详解】句意：一首歌将被他唱作为礼物。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be sung。 5．will be built 【详解】句意：一座木桥将被他们建造。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be built。 6．be held 【详解】句意：我们学校运动会将在下月举行。一般将来时被动语态，will 后接 be held，故填 be held。 7．will be held 【详解】句意：足球赛将在城市中心举行。一般将来时被动语态，故填 will be held。 8．are; taught to 【详解】句意：在汤姆的班上，学生们总是被教导要互相帮助。一般现在时被动语态，teach sb. to do sth. 变为 be taught to do sth.，故填 are; taught to。 9．is the most widely used 【详解】句意：在所有这些语言中，英语是使用最广泛的。一般现在时被动语态，最高级，故填 is the most widely used。 10．is considered to 【详解】句意：他被认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。一般现在时被动语态，故填 is considered to。 Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 被动语态 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 随堂训练 一．用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空 1.We hope that DeepSeek ____________ (use) in more fields to make our lives better in the future. 2.Nowadays, this book ____________ (sell) well. 3.Today, Yangko Dance ____________ (think) as an important cultural treasure in our country. 4.A lot of tea plants ____________ (grow) on the sides of the mountain every year. 5.Every year, about 750,000 cars ____________ (produce) in this factory. 6.His new novel is very popular and it ____________ (sell) out last week. 7.The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CPC (中国共产党) was ____________ (hold) in Tian’anmen Square in Beijing on July 1st, 2021. 8.The house was ____________ (build) in the 19th century and is a typical style of that time. 9.Hundreds of factories ____________ (encourage) to move away or close between 2005 and 2015. 10.Development in some areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years. 11.Development in areas of natural beauty ____________ (control) in the next few years. 12.This famous scientist ____________ (invite) to our school to give a speech next week. 13.As soon as Tom finishes the task, he ____________ (offer) a two-week holiday. 14.All the students in my class ____________ (divide) into six groups to have a field trip in two days. 15.A new bridge ____________ (build) soon, which is hoped to make travel easier for villagers in the area. 16.It’s known that glass ____________ (feel) much colder than wood in winter. 17.—What do you think of the poem? —It’s a little bit long, but anyway, it ____________ (read) well. 18.The robot needs ____________ (check) once a month. And we will check it for you for free. 19.With the development of our country, Chinese ____________ (learn) in many other countries. 20.To keep safe, everyone ____________ (tell) to wear a seat belt in the car now. 21.If all the rubbish ____________ (throw) into bins, our city can keep clean. 22.It is said that this museum ____________ (name) after Qu Qiubai many years ago. 23.Beijing opera ____________ (introduce) to more people around the world during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival. 24.The Internet ____________ (invent) by the US government in the 1960s for the army to use. 25.ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was ____________ (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022. 26.June 8th was ____________ (name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 27.This stone bridge ____________ (build) over 800 years ago. 28.—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ____________ (write) by Aron Ralston. 29.One of the most famous Marvel heroic character—Spiderman, ____________ (create) in 1962. 30.The Notre-Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院大教堂) ____________ (burn) by fire on April 15, 2019. 1． will be used 【详解】句意：我们希望DeepSeek能在更多领域得到应用，让我们的生活在未来变得更好。根据“in the future”可知，此处表示将来的事情，句子时态应用一般将来时，分析句子结构可知，主语“DeepSeek”与“use”为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填will be used。故填will be used。 2．sells 【详解】句意：现在，这本书卖得很好。根据“this book”和“well”可知动词sell描述主语this book的特征时，应用主动表被动，根据“Nowadays”可知句子用一般现在时，主语为this book，谓语动词用三单形式。故填sells。 3．is thought 【详解】句意：如今，秧歌舞被视为我国重要的一个文化瑰宝。根据“Today”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Yangko Dance”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填is thought。故填is thought。 4．are grown 【详解】句意：每年山的两侧种植大量茶树。根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，且“tea plants”是“被种植”，存在被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为“are + 过去分词”，“grow”的过去分词是“grown”。故填are grown。 5．are produced 【详解】分析句意：每一年，在这个工厂大约有七十五万辆小汽车被生产。分析：考查被动语态的用法，构成为be done（动词的过去分词），时间为每一年，体现为一般现在时的被动词态。故填are produced。 6．was sold 【详解】句意：他的新小说很受欢迎，上星期就卖光了。主语it与动词sell之间是被动关系，且“last week”是一般过去时标志词，故此处应用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语it是第三人称单数形式，故填was sold。 7．held 【详解】句意：2021年7月1日，中国共产党成立100周年在北京天安门广场隆重举行。主语“The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the CPC”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。hold的过去分词为held。故填held。 8．built 【详解】句意：这座房子建于19世纪，是那个时代的典型风格。分子句子可知主语house和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态：be done，动词用过去分词，故填built。 9．were encouraged 【详解】句意：在2005年至2015年间，数百家工厂被鼓励搬迁或关闭。根据句子结构可知，主语“Hundreds of factories”与动词“encourage”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“between 2005 and 2015”表明动作发生在过去。因此，此处需要用被动语态的一般过去时形式。一般过去时的被动语态为“was/were + 过去分词”。由于主语是复数形式“Hundreds of factories”，be动词要用复数形式。故填were encouraged。 10．will be controlled 【详解】句意：未来几年，一些自然美景领域的发展将得到控制。根据“in the next few years”可知应用一般将来时，主语Development和动词control是动宾关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+动词过去分词”，故填will be controlled。 11．will be controlled 【详解】句意：未来几年，自然风景区的开发将受到控制。主语“Development in areas of natural beauty”与动词control之间是被动关系，结合“in the next few years”可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，control的过去分词controlled。故填will be controlled。 12．will be invited 【详解】句意：这位著名的科学家下周将被邀请到我们学校作演讲。根据“next week”可知时态为一般将来时；主语“This famous scientist”与动词invite存在被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为wil be done。故填will be invited。 13．will be offered 【详解】句意：汤姆一完成任务，就会有两周的假期。offer“提供，给予”，动词，状语从句“as soon as…”用于描述某个事件或动作在满足特定条件后立即发生，此处应指汤姆一完成任务就会“被给予”两周的假期，主语Tom与offer之间为被动关系，且表示将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”。故填will be offered。 14．will be divided 【详解】句意：我们班的所有学生被分成六个小组，两天后去进行实地考察。主语All the students in my class与动词divide之间为被动关系，需被动语态。根据“in two days.”可知，本句为一般将来时，故需一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，故填will be divided。 15．will be built 【详解】句意：一座新桥将很快建成，希望能方便该地区村民的出行。主语bridge和动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据soon可知，时态是一般将来时，所以空处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是：will be+动词过去分词，build的过去分词是built。故填will be built。 16．feels 【详解】句意：众所周知，玻璃在冬天比木头冷得多。根据“glass...much colder than wood in winter.”可知，陈述的是一个事实真理，因此用一般现在时；feel为感官动词，主动形式表达被动含义，后接形容词作表语；主语“glass”是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式feels。故填feels。 17．reads 【详解】句意：——你觉得这首诗怎么样？——有点长，但不管怎样，它读起来很好。此处是描述主语的特征的不及物动词，用主动表被动，时态是一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单。故填reads。 18．checking/to be checked 【详解】句意：机器人每月需要检查一次。我们将免费为你检查它。主语The robot和check之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，need doing/need to be done表示“……需要被做”。故填checking/to be checked。 19．is learned/is learnt 【详解】句意：随着我国的发展，汉语在许多其他国家被学习。主语Chinese和谓语learn之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is，learn的过去分词是learned/learnt。故填is learned/learnt。 20．is told 【详解】此题重点考查单词的拼写和各种形式的运用。以及对整个语句的理解 21．is thrown 【详解】句意：如果所有的垃圾都被扔进垃圾箱，我们的城市就能保持清洁。throw“扔”是动词。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句主语“all the rubbish”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，结构为“be + 过去分词”；主句“our city can keep clean”为一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is thrown。 22．was named 【详解】句意：据说这个博物馆是多年前以瞿秋白的名字命名的。主语this museum是动词name的承受者，根据时间状语“many years ago”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，主语“this museum”是单数，be动词用was。故填was named。 23．was introduced 【详解】句意：在2020年的梅兰芳艺术节上，京剧被介绍给世界上更多的人。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；结合时间状语“during the 2020 Mei Lanfang Art Festival”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done；主语“Beijing opera”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用was；introduce的过去分词是introduced。故填was introduced。 24．was invented 【详解】句意：互联网是美国政府在20世纪60年代发明的，供军队使用。根据“by the US government”可知，此处用被动语态结构，结合时间状语in the 1960s可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语Internet表单数，助动词用was，故填was invented。 25．developed 【详解】句意：ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的人工智能聊天机器人，于2022年11月与公众见面。develop“开发”，动词，和主语之间是被动关系，动词用过去分词，故填developed。 26．named 【详解】句意：联合国于2009年将6月8日定为世界海洋日。分析句子可知，主语“June 8th”和谓语动词name之间是动宾关系，所以该句为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词was后跟动词的过去分词named，故填named。 27．was built 【详解】句意：这座石桥建于800多年前。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“over 800 years ago”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，故填was built。 28．was written 【详解】句意：——你知道《生死两难》这本书吗？——知道，它是阿伦·罗斯顿写的。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was written。 29．was created 【详解】句意：最有名的漫威英雄角色之一的蜘蛛侠创作于1962年。主语Spiderman与谓语动词create之间是被动关系，根据“...in 1962.”可知描述过去的事，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was created。 30．was burned/was burnt 【详解】句意：2019年4月15日，巴黎圣母院被烧了。根据“主语和burn的关系”可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态； 再者根据“on April 15, 2019”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填was burned / was burnt。 二．完成句子 1．He usually gives me some advice. (改为被动语态) I usually some advice by him. 2．The stranger helped the old man cross the road. (改为被动语态) The old man the road by the stranger. 3．Chinese people grew tea plants many years ago.（改为被动语态） Tea plants by Chinese people many years ago. 4．Nowadays, people use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态) Nowadays, smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. 5．一个月后，我们学校将举办校园英语节。 The school English Festival in our school in a month. 6．They saw a boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态) A boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. 7．We raised 20, 000 yuan at the show. (改写成被动语态的句子) 20, 000 yuan at the party. 8．上周，李华被邀请参加学校的旅游知识竞赛。 Last week, Li Hua to join in a travel quiz show at school. 9．I was allowed to play football. (改为否定句) I to play football. 10．The machine was invented many years ago. (对划线部分提问) the machine invented? 1． am given 【详解】句意：他通常给我一些建议。原句为主动语态的一般现在时，主语是He，谓语是gives，宾语是me和some advice。改为被动语态时，原句的间接宾语me变为主语I，原句的直接宾语some advice保留不变。被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”，主语I为第一人称单数，因此be动词用am。gives的过去分词为given。频率副词usually位置不变，放在be动词之后、过去分词之前。故填am；given。 2．was helped to cross 【详解】句意：这个陌生人帮助老人过马路。原句为主动语态，主语是“The stranger”，谓语是“helped”，宾语是“the old man”，且时态为一般过去时。改为被动语态时，宾语“the old man”变为主语，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were done sth by sb，主语为“The old man”，be动词用was。“help”的过去分词为helped，原句help sb do sth变为被动语态，要还原to，变为was helped to do sth。cross的不定式为to cross。故填was；helped；to；cross。 3．were grown 【详解】句意：很多年前，中国人就种植茶树了。原句是一般过去时，所以一般过去时被动语态结构为：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他。Tea plants作主语，为复数，故be动词为were；grew的过去分词为grown。故填were；grown。 4． are used 【详解】句意：如今，人们用智能手机代替相机拍照。根据“people use smart phones”可知应改为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是smart phones，be动词用are，used的过去分词是used。故填are；used。 5． will be held 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“将举办”的英文内容。句中“in a month”表明，句子时态是一般将来时态，句子的主语“The school English Festival”和谓语动词“举办”之间是被动关系，即“校园英语节被举办”，所以要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是“will be+过去分词”。“举办”英文表达为“hold”，其过去分词是“held”。故填will；be；held。 21．was seen 【详解】句意：他们昨天这个时候看到一个男孩在河里游泳。根据“They saw a boy”可知，原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词为“saw”。改为被动语态，要用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。主语为“A boy”，be动词用was。“saw”的原形为see“看见”，过去分词为seen。故填was；seen。 22．was raised 【详解】句意：我们在演出中筹集了2万元。被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”，原句时态为一般过去时，此处也应用一般过去时，主语为“20, 000 yuan”，be动词用was，应填was raised。故填was；raised。 23．was invited 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“被邀请”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，主语“Li Hua”和动词“invite”是被动关系；又根据“Last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语为“Li Hua”，be动词用was，动词invite的过去分词为invited。故填was；invited。 24．wasn’t allowed 【详解】句意：我被允许踢足球。根据题意将句子改为否定句，含系动词“was”的否定形式是“wasn’t”，后接过去分词“allowed”。故填wasn’t；allowed。 25． When was 【详解】句意：这台机器是许多年前发明的。根据“The machine was invented many years ago.”中的“was invented”可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，划线部分“many years ago”为时间状语，应用特殊疑问词when提问，句首首字母需大写；be动词“was”提到主语“the machine”前构成疑问句。故填When；was。 Unit 3 What makes a great team？ 情态动词should、must、can、need、have to与had better 　　情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。 情态动词及其用法 例句 should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn't。 You should talk to your parents about your feelings. 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。 had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。 You had better not tell Oliver. 你最好不要告诉Oliver。 (1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can't表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。 (2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。 一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can't。 —Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 —No, you can't. 不,你不可以。 Can you type?你会打字吗? When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest. 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。 must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn't表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。 由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't/don't have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。 Cars must not park in front of the entrance. 车辆不得停在入口处。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不必。 have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don't have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn't)。 You don't have to worry about them any more. 你再也不必为他们发愁了。 need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn't表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。 —Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须(放在外面)。 —No, you needn't. 不,你不必(放在外面)。 shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 Shall I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗? Let's begin now, shall we? 咱们现在开始,好吗? 辨析must与have to 区别 例句 must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。 You must be back before 10 o'clock.你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) You have to be back before 10 o'clock because the train is to leave at 10:05.你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要) must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。 The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city. 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。 You don't need to stay here all the time. 你不必一直待在这里。 随堂训练 1 —When will your flight arrive? I’ll pick you up at the airport. —Thank you, but you ________. I can take a taxi. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 2 —________ I come back before five o’clock? —No, you ________. But you ________ be back after seven o’clock. A． Must; needn’t; needn’t B．May; mustn’t; can’t C．Can; can’t; can’t D．Must; needn’t; can’t 3 —Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 4 — Would you like to drink ________ juice? — Yes, I’d love to. But there isn’t _______ juice in the glass. A．some; some B．some; any C．any; some D．any; any 5 More and more people _________ like to go to work by underground. A．could B．should C．would D．had 6 —Remember to call me when you arrive, Mike. —I ________, mum. A．must B．can C．will D．should 7 —I’m leaving now. —It’s rainy. Better stay here. Call a taxi if you ________. A．will B．may C．have to D．could 8 My baby sister is coughing a lot. She ________ see a doctor soon. A．should B．may C．can D．need 9 —Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own. A．could; may B．can’t; should C．could; should D．can; shouldn’t 10 —I’m not feeling well, Dr. Green. My stomach aches a lot. —You _________ take some medicine and lie down for a rest. A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t 1．D 【详解】句意：——你的航班什么时候到？我去机场接你。——谢谢你，但你不必。我可以坐出租车。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“I’ll pick you up at the airport”以及“I can take a taxi.”可知对方不必来接自己，自己可以坐出租车。故选D。 2．D 【详解】句意：——我必须在五点之前回来吗？——不，你不必。但是你不能晚于七点回来。 考查情态动词。must必须；needn’t不必；may也许；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；can能。第一空表示是否必须五点前回来，用must提问，否定回答用needn’t。根据“But”可知，表示转折，第三空表示不能晚于七点回来，用can’t。故选D。 3．A 【详解】句意：——我必须这周归还这本书吗？我一周前借的它。——不，你不必。你可以再保留它一周。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能。“Must I...”引导的一般疑问句，其否定回答通常用“needn’t”或“don’t have to”，表示没有必要做某事；这里回答说可以再保留一周，意味着没有必要这周归还，“needn’t”符合语境。故选A。 4．B 【详解】句意：——你想喝些果汁吗？——是的，我很乐意。但是杯子里没有果汁了。 考查不定代词辨析。some一些，一般用于肯定句中；any一些，一般用于否定句或疑问句中。根据句中“Would you like to...”可知此处为委婉语气的问句，在表示委婉询问的问句中不用any要用some，所以排除C和D。又因为后文“there isn’t”可知是否定句，句中要用any表示“一些”。故选B。 5．C 【详解】句意：越来越多的人愿意乘地铁上班。 考查情态动词。could能、能够；should应该；would将、会；had有。根据More and more people ____ like to go to work by underground.可知句意为“越来越多的人愿意乘地铁上班。”would like to do sth.愿意做某事，故答案选C。 6．C 【详解】句意：——迈克，你到的时候记得给我打电话。——我会的，妈妈。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can能够，可以；will将会；should应该。根据前文“Remember to...”可知此句语境为记得去做某事，说明事情还没发生，所以回答要用将来时，只有C选项表示意愿符合语境。故选C。 7．C 【详解】句意：——现在我要走了。——下雨了。你最好待在这。如果你不得不离开那就叫个出租车吧。 考查情态动词辨析。will将要；may可能；have to不得不；could能，会。由答语“It’s rainy. Better stay here.”可知，第二个人不希望第一个人现在走，叫出租车是在不得不离开的情况下发生的。故选C。 8．A 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹咳嗽得很厉害。她应该马上去看医生。 考查情态动词。should应该；may可能；can能；need需要。根据“see a doctor”可知她咳嗽，所以是应该去看医生。故选A。 9．B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我整理床铺吗？——恐怕我不能。你应该自己做。 考查情态动词辨析。could能够，用于一般过去时；may可以，用于请求许可；can’t不能，表示能力或可能性不足；should应该，表示建议或义务；shouldn’t不应该。根据“I’m afraid”和“on your own”可知，前者表示无法帮忙，用can’t；后者建议对方独立完成，用should。故选B。 10．A 【详解】句意：——我感觉不舒服，格林医生。我胃疼得厉害。——你应该吃点药，躺下休息一下。 考查动词辨析。should应该；can能；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“take some medicine and lie down for a rest”可知，此处是建议病人“应该”吃药和休息来缓解不适，故选A。 二．完成句子 1．I can read these words with feeling. (改为一般疑问句) you these words with feeling? 2．She must be waiting for you at the gate.（改为否定句） She waiting for you at the gate. 3．You’d better practice the guitar at night. (改为否定句） You’d practice the guitar at night. 4．You must clean all the windows in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答) we clean all the windows in the classroom? No, you . 5．She had to wear the strange clothes for the party.  (改为否定句) She to wear the strange clothes for the party . 6．She’d like to read electronic books in her spare time. (改为一般疑问句) she to read electronic books in her spare time? 7．The little girl could perform ballet at the age of seven. (改为—般疑问句) the little girl ballet at the age of seven? 1．Can; read 【详解】句意：我能有感情地朗读这些单词。改为一般疑问句，将can提到句首，动词用原形，故填Can; read。 2．can’t be 【详解】句意：她一定在大门口等你。改为否定句，must的否定推测用can’t，故填can’t be。 3．better not 【详解】句意：你最好在晚上练习吉他。改为否定句为“你最好不要在晚上练习吉他”，had better not do sth.，故填better not。 4．Must; needn’t 【详解】句意：你必须把教室里所有的窗户都擦干净。改为一般疑问句，将must提到句首；否定回答用needn’t，故填Must; needn’t。 5．didn’t have 【详解】句意：她不得不穿那件奇怪的衣服去参加聚会。改为否定句，一般过去时，用didn’t have to，故填didn’t have。 6．Would; like 【详解】句意：她喜欢在空闲时间读电子书。改为一般疑问句，将would提到句首，故填Would; like。 7．Could; perform 【详解】句意：这个小女孩七岁时就能表演芭蕾舞。改为一般疑问句，将could提到句首，动词用原形，故填Could; perform。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $