Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 语法归纳: 限制性定语从句 (3) 导学案 -2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

Unit1 Cultural Heritage语法归纳： 限制性定语从句 (3) 【语境感悟】 阅读以下有关 “文化遗产” 的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的问题。 Cultural heritage is something 1that we get from our ancestors.The old city wall in our town 2which was built seven hundred years ago is a great example. It is a place3 where many historical events happened. The people 4 who built it suffered a lot. The carvings on the wall 5whose patterns are simple but beautiful show the skills of ancient artists.We visit it in spring 6when the flowers around make it more charming. The reason 7 why we should protect cultural heritage is that it helps us know about our past. 【自主发现】 以上语段中，1、2、3、4、5、6、7 均引导_______________________从句，其中 that，which，who，whose 为关系_______________，where，when，why 为关系_______________。 【语法精析】 一、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词 指代对象 指代人 指代物 主语 who,that,as which,that,as 宾语 who,whom,that which,that 定语 whose whose 例句：The man who/that is talking with my father is a teacher.正和我父亲说话的男子是一位教师。 Guilin is a city which/that has a very long history.桂林是一座有着悠久历史的城市。 The man (who/whom/that) you met just now is my father.你刚刚遇到的那个人是我父亲。 Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen down.没有人想要这个屋顶已经坍塌的房子。 [注意] (1)关系代词 that 既可指人也可指物，有时可与关系代词 which/who/whom 互换，但是当 which，whom 放在介词的后面作宾语时，that 不能与其互换。 (2)在从句中作宾语或表语时，who 与 whom 一般可互换，但是当紧跟在介词后面作宾语时只可用 whom。whom 在从句中不能作主语。 (3)关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 (4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词。 (5)whose 引导定语从句时，可与 “the+n.+of which/whom” 互换。 (6)as 引导定语从句，可构成 “the same...as，such... as” 结构。 [温馨提示] 关系词只用 that 而不用 which 的情况: 1.当先行词为 all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much 等不定代词以及先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做了。 2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the largest ship that I have ever seen.这是我曾经见过的最大的船。 3.当先行词被 the only，the very，the last 修饰时。 This is the very book that I am looking for.这正是我要找的那本书。 4.当先行词中既有人又有物时。 We often talk about the person and things that we remember.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 5.当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时，为避免重复用 that。 Who is the boy that shook hands with you just now?刚才和你握手的男孩是谁？ 6.当先行词在从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.上海已不再是过去的那个城市了。 二、引导限制性定语从句的关系副词 关系副词 先行词 所作成分 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 例句： We will never forget the days when we stayed at that beautiful countryside.我们永远不会忘记在那个美丽乡村待着的那些日子。 Can you explain the reason why you don't help him?你能解释一下你不帮助他的原因吗？ This is the factory where (=in which) the explosion happened.这就是发生爆炸的那家工厂。 [注意] （1）当先行词分别为表示时间、地点或原因的名词，且从句中需要相应的时间、地点或原因作状语时，则用关系副词。 （2）why 引导定语从句时，先行词一般为 reason。 [温馨提示] 1. “介词 + which/whom” 引导的定语从句:在 “介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用 which 或 whom。先行词指物时，用 which；先行词指人时，用 whom。介词的使用原则： (1) 根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。 This is the book on which I spent 10 yuan. for which I spent 10 yuan. (2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯。 The company in which Peter is working is very famous.彼得就职的那家公司非常有名。 (3) 根据从句中形容词的搭配习惯。 The student with whom she is strict has made great progress.她对其要求很严的那位学生取得了很大进步。 (4) 表 “所有” 关系或 “整体中的一部分” 时，用 of。 The old woman has two sons, both of whom are doctors.这位老太太有两个儿子，他们都是医生。 2.抽象的地点名词与定语从句:像 situation，case (情况，实例)，point，stage (阶段)，activity，position，scene 等表示抽象 “地点” 的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，应用关系代词 which 或 that 来引导；若定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词 where 来引导。 Have you met with the case where you are misunderstood by others? 你遇到过被人误解的情形吗? Have you met with the case which/that is similar to this one? 你遇到过和这种情况相似的情形吗? 【实战演练】 单句填空 1.In spring, a season_________ we are learning new rhythms of life,many of us find comfort in the natural world. 2.I still remember the park _________we met for the first time. 3.At the Chinese art festival,there are different stands _________artists show their skills. 4.William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from _________we can learn without repeating them. 5.We have entered into an age_________dreams have the best chance of coming true. 6.Their child is at the stage_________she can say individual words but not full sentences. 7.In ancient China lived an artist_________paintings were almost lifelike. 8.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species_________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 9.I decided that if I learned of a company_________used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an e-mail urging it to cut back. 10.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool_________gives an indication of whether someone is at a healthy weight. 语法与写作 1. [2024・新课标 I 卷应用文写作] We were asked to draw or paint something_________________________.我们被要求画给我们留下深刻印象的东西。 2. I sincerely invite you to attend the art exhibition, where the paintings_________________________ by famous artists will be on display.(应用文写作之邀请信)我诚挚地邀请您参加这次艺术展览，在那里将展出由著名艺术家创作的画作。 3. [2021・全国甲卷书面表达] Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting _________________________.有消息说我们学校要召开班会，主题是关于中国传统习俗的。 4. You must visit the old town__________________________________________________________________. (应用文写作之推荐信)你一定要去参观那个古镇，在那里许多历史建筑都保存完好。 5. I am writing to complain about the product _________________________________from your store.The reason _________________________is that it has a serious quality problem.(应用文写作之投诉信)我写信投诉我从贵店购买的产品。我如此不满意的原因是它存在严重的质量问题。 参考答案 [自主发现) 限制性定语;代词;副词 实战演练 单句填空 1:when 2.where 3. where 4. which 5. when 6. where 7.whose 8. that 9. that/ which 10. that/ which 语法与写作 1.that impressed us deeply/ that left a deep impression on us 2.that/ which are created 3.. whose topic is related to traditional Chinese customs 4. where many historical buildings are well-preserved 5.(that/which) I bought;why I am so dissatisfied 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $