专题05 语法填空技巧归纳&专项训练-2025-2026学年八年级下学期期中复习（新译林版）

专题05 语法填空技巧归纳&专项训练 1. 无词形变化的词题， 一般是3个或4个小题，近年来，只考查了冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等三类词； 2. 有词形变化的词题， 即要填词的正确形式， 一般是6个或7个小题，常考查了代词的四种格式，谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化、疑问词、从句中引导词等几种情况。 解题思维导图 根据设题规律，可将语法填空题的基本思路归纳成下表： 1. 词性转换 形容词、副词、动词（同一词根） 名词 2. 名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数 1. 词性转换（变反义词或副词） 形容词 2. 比较级或最高级的几种用法 语法填空类解题思路 实词 副词 同形容词 时态，注意常考时态 语态，即被动语态 作谓语 动词 1. 词性转换 （动词变动名词或不定式） 1. to do 表:将来/目的 作非谓语 2. V-ing 表:主动/进行/已经发生 2. 非谓语 3. V-ed 表:被动/完成 人称代词、不定代词、反身代词 物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词; 名词性物主代词作 主语，宾语，本身就是名词，后不需再加名词。 代词 指代上文事物 形式主语 形式宾语 It的用法 That的用法、疑问代词（what、who、which、whom、whose）和疑问副词（when、where、how、why）的用法 名词之前,尤其是泛指”一”,或特指某个人或事物;泛指用a/an,特指用the 冠词 当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语，表语或动词宾语时，选填介词；注意 搭配 常为介词考查主要内容依据。 虚词 介词 空格前后都是句子（一个主谓就为一个句子）；前后都是并列单词或短语 1. 单词/短语+并列连词+单词/短语；2. 一个句子+并连/从连+一个句子 3. 从属连词+一个句子，一个句子（主句）；主句+连词（关系词）+从句 连词 随堂训练 （1） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is one of China’s 1 (important) traditional festivals. It usually 2 (fall) on April 4th 3 5th each year. People 4 (celebrate) this festival for over 2,500 years. Honoring Ancestors (祭祖): During Qingming, families visit the graves of their ancestors. They clean the tombs, offer food, and burn incense. This tradition has been passed down for generations. It is a way 5 (show) respect and remember loved ones who have passed away. Spring Outings: Qingming is also a time to enjoy nature. Many people go on spring outings, fly kites, or have picnics. The festival marks the 6 (begin) of warmer weather, and people have enjoyed these activities for 7 (century). Traditional Food: People often eat qingtuan, 8 green rice cake made with mugwort. This special food has been a part of the festival since ancient times. The Qingming Festival is not only about 9 (remember) the past but also about celebrating life and nature. Over the years, some traditions have changed, but the spirit 10 Qingming remains the same. 【答案】1．most important 2．falls 3．or 4．have celebrated 5．to show 6．beginning 7．centuries 8．a 9．remembering 10．of 【导语】本文讲述了清明节的时间、历史，以及祭祖、踏青、吃青团等传统习俗，强调其既是缅怀先人的节日，也是感受自然与生命的节日。 1．句意：清明节，又称扫墓节，是中国最重要的传统节日之一。固定结构“one of+限定词+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，此处的China’s相当于the的作用，因此用important的最高级most important。 2．句意：它通常在每年的4月4日或5日。由频度副词usually可知本句为一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式falls。 3．句意：它通常在每年的4月4日或5日。清明节通常在每年的4月4日或5日，此处表选择，用连词or。 4．句意：人们庆祝这个节日已有2500多年了。时间状语“for over 2,500 years”表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语People为复数，故填have celebrated。 5．句意：这是一种表达尊重、缅怀逝去亲人的方式。固定搭配a way to do sth.表示“做某事的方法/方式”，因此用不定式to show。 6．句意：这个节日标志着温暖天气的开始，人们享受这些活动已有数个世纪了。定冠词the后需要接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。 7．句意：这个节日标志着温暖天气的开始，人们享受这些活动已有数个世纪了。固定搭配for centuries表示“数个世纪以来”，因此用century的复数形式centuries。 8．句意：人们常吃青团，一种用艾草做的绿色米糕。此处泛指“一种绿色米糕”，green以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 9．句意：清明节不仅是缅怀过去，也是庆祝生命与自然。about是介词，后接动名词形式，因此填remembering。 10．句意：多年来，一些传统有所改变，但清明的精神依然不变。此处表示所属关系，用介词of。 （2） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an 1 (excite) experience that I’ll never forget it. The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and made 2 (I) way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors 3 home and abroad. They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos. Some people chose to take the cable car 4 it could save time and energy. But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. There were lots of 5 (step), and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t stop me 6 (climb). I took breaks along the way 7 (admire) the views. The mountain was covered with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees. When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt like I was in 8 watercolour painting. Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also 9 (fall) in love with climbing. It’s really one of the 10 (good) adventures I’ve ever had! 【答案】1．exciting 2．my 3．from 4．because 5．steps 6．climbing 7．to admire 8．a 9．fell 10．best 【导语】本文讲述作者去年夏天游览黄山的经历，包括沿途风景、登山过程以及登顶后的感受。 1．句意：这是一次如此激动人心的经历，我永远不会忘记。空格后是名词“experience”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“令人激动的”，excite的形容词形式是exciting。 2．句意：我打了一辆出租车，向山上出发。“make one’s way to”是动词短语，意为“前往、走向”，主语是I，需用形容词性物主代词my。 3．句意：当我到达山脚时，我看到许多来自国内外的游客。“from home and abroad”是介词短语，意为“来自国内外”，表示来源。 4．句意：有些人选择乘坐缆车，因为这样可以节省时间和精力。空格后是完整的句子，解释选择缆车的原因，需用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。 5．句意：有很多台阶，有时道路很陡峭。“lots of”后需接可数名词复数，step的复数形式是steps。 6．句意：然而，它们并没有阻止我攀登。“stop sb. from doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，from可省略，故用climbing。 7．句意：我沿途休息来欣赏风景。空格处表示休息的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to admire。 8．句意：我感觉自己仿佛置身于一幅水彩画中。“watercolour painting”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一幅”，需用不定冠词a修饰。 9．句意：通过这次旅行，我不仅欣赏了大自然的美景，还爱上了爬山。“not only...but also...”连接并列谓语，时态需与“enjoyed”保持一致，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell。 10．句意：这确实是我有过的最好的冒险之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定句型，意为“最……的……之一”，good的最高级是best。 （3） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The Louvre Museum (卢浮宫) is one of the most famous museums in the world. Being famous for the masterpieces (杰作), like Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo, it attracts 1 (million) of visitors every year. Do you want to have a look at these famous artworks? Lots of people say yes. Actually, we don’t need to go to France for those. We can see them on the Internet now. Thanks to modern technology, the Louvre has made all 2 (it) collection available online. Now, anyone with an Internet connection can explore over 480,000 artworks—for free! 3 you’re an art lover, a student, or just curious, you can admire famous paintings, sculptures, and historical artifacts from your home. The convenience of visiting online brings everyone great 4 (excite). As 5 how to visit the Louvre Museum on the Internet, it’s very easy. There is a map of the Louvre Museum. After reading the map 6 (careful), you can visit the Louvre Museum room by room using your mouse (鼠标). I’m sure you will enjoy 7 (visit) this online museum! Visiting the Louvre online is 8 (true) an unforgettable experience. Whether you spend five minutes 9 five hours, you’ll discover something amazing. So why wait? Grab your mouse, open your browser (浏览器), and step into the world’s 10 (great) art museum—without leaving your chair! 【答案】1．millions 2．its 3．Whether 4．excitement 5．for 6．carefully 7．visiting 8．truly 9．or 10．greatest 【导语】本文介绍了卢浮宫借助现代科技，将其藏品全部放到网上，人们足不出户就能免费参观这座世界著名博物馆，阐述了线上参观卢浮宫的便捷性和体验感。 1．句意：它以《蒙娜丽莎》和《米洛的维纳斯》等杰作而闻名，每年吸引数百万游客。“millions of”是固定搭配，意为“数百万的”，用于修饰可数名词复数，此处需用million的复数形式，故填millions。 2．句意：多亏了现代科技，卢浮宫已经将其所有藏品放到了网上。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“collection”，it的形容词性物主代词是its，意为“它的”，符合语境。 3．句意：无论你是艺术爱好者、学生，还是只是出于好奇，你都可以在家欣赏著名的绘画、雕塑和历史文物。“whether...or...”是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，句首首字母需大写，故填Whether。 4．句意：线上参观的便捷性给每个人带来了极大的兴奋。此处需用名词，excite的名词形式是excitement，意为“兴奋”，符合语境。 5．句意：至于如何在网上参观卢浮宫，这非常简单。“as for”是固定搭配，意为“至于、关于”，用于引出话题。 6．句意：仔细阅读地图后，你可以用鼠标一间屋子一间屋子地参观卢浮宫。此处需用副词修饰动词“reading”，careful的副词形式是carefully，意为“仔细地”，符合语境。 7．句意：我相信你会喜欢参观这个线上博物馆的！“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，visit的动名词形式是visiting。 8．句意：线上参观卢浮宫确实是一次难忘的经历。此处需用副词修饰系动词“is”，true的副词形式是truly，意为“确实、真正地”，符合语境。 9．句意：无论你花五分钟还是五个小时，你都会发现一些令人惊叹的东西。“whether...or...”用于连接两个并列的时间短语，表示“无论……还是……”。 10．句意：拿起你的鼠标，打开浏览器，踏入世界上最伟大的艺术博物馆——无需离开你的椅子！根据句中“the world’s”可知，此处需用形容词的最高级形式，great的最高级是greatest，意为“最伟大的”。 （4） Have you read Treasure Island? It is one of the most famous 1 (novel) by Robert Louis Stevenson from the UK. Since Treasure Island first came out in 1883, the story has become very popular. Many teachers advise students 2 (read) it. The main character is a boy called Jim Hawkins. He lived in a safe and peaceful world with his parents at the beginning. He often wondered what 3 (do) to make life more exciting. One day, an old seaman came to his 4 (parents) hotel with a treasure map that everyone was looking for. Blind Pew, Black Dog and other pirates ( 海盗) followed him 5 they all wanted to get the map. Jim was lucky enough to get the treasure map and began to find the treasure with his friends. But another pirate, one-legged Silver, who wanted all the treasure too, 6 (hide) in Jim’s group. When they got to Treasure Island, some of Jim’s friends were killed by Silver. Jim found it dangerous to stay with the pirates, so he and his friends left the group in 7 (silent). Luckily, they met Ben Gunn. With the help of Ben Gunn, Jim and his friends found the treasure, and at last they came back home 8 plenty of treasure. Jim’s search for treasure is a process (过程) of self-discovery. During the adventure, the boy tried his best to fight 9 (brave) against pirates and he also grew into a great young man. In this book, readers can enjoy the adventure and they can experience the 10 (excite) journey all the time. So it can be said that Chinese children grow up reading Journey to the West, while Western children grow up reading Treasure Island. 【答案】1．novels 2．to read 3．to do 4．parents’ 5．because 6．hid 7．silence 8．with 9．bravely 10．exciting 【导语】本文介绍了英国作家罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森的著名小说《金银岛》，讲述了主角吉姆霍金斯的寻宝冒险经历，以及这部作品对读者的影响。 1．句意：它是英国作家罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森最著名的小说之一。 “one of + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，“novel”的复数形式是“novels”。 2．句意：许多老师建议学生阅读它。 “advise sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“建议某人做某事”，应填to read。 3．句意：他经常想做些什么让生活更有趣。 “疑问词 + 不定式”是固定结构，此处“what to do”表示“做什么”，应填to do。 4．句意：一天，一位老水手带着大家都在寻找的藏宝图来到了他父母的旅馆。 此处需用名词所有格修饰“hotel”，表示“父母的（旅馆）”，parents的所有格是parents’。 5．句意：Blind Pew、Black Dog 和其他海盗跟着他，因为他们都想得到这张地图。 前后句是因果关系，需用连词“because”（因为）引导原因状语从句。 6．句意：但另一个海盗——独腿的Silver，他也想要所有宝藏，藏在了吉姆的队伍里。 短文整体是一般过去时，“hide”的过去式是“hid”。 7．句意：所以他和他的朋友们悄悄地离开了队伍。 “in silence”是固定搭配，表示“悄悄地”，应填silence。 8．句意：最后他们带着大量宝藏回到了家。 此处需用介词“with”表示“带着”。 9．句意：在冒险中，这个男孩尽力勇敢地与海盗搏斗。 此处需用副词修饰动词“fight”，“brave”的副词形式是“bravely”。 10．句意：读者可以一直体验这段令人兴奋的旅程。 此处修饰物“journey”，需用形容词“exciting”（令人兴奋的）。 （5） 阅读对话，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Recently I 1 (read) a novel. Here is an extract from the book. Gulliver managed 2 (get) away from the small men. He found a boat and tried to sail home. 3 , there was a great storm at sea. The strong winds drove his boat to a strange island. Everyone on the island was very large. They were all 4 (many) than 20 meters tall. A farmer 5 (find) Gulliver first and took him home. Gulliver seemed very small to them, like a toy or a pet. The 6 (farmer) daughter took Gulliver to town. Everyone in the town was surprised to see such a small person. The Queen heard about Gulliver and bought him 7 the farmer. He gave Gulliver to the King as a present. The King enjoyed 8 (listen) to Gulliver talk about his home country and his travels. All their objects, such as chairs, tables, 9 (knife), forks and plates, were too big for Gulliver to use, 10 they built a small house with small objects for him to live in. Wherever the King and Queen went, they carried Gulliver with them in his house. 【答案】1．have read 2．to get 3．However 4．more 5．found 6．farmer’s 7．from 8．listening 9．knives 10．so 【导语】本文主要讲述了格列佛误入大人国的经历和成功逃脱的故事。 1．句意：最近，我读了一本小说。read意为“阅读”，根据“Recently”可知，此句是现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have read。 2．句意：格列佛设法摆脱了那些小个子。manage to do“设法做成某事”，因此设空处填所给词的不定式。故填to get。 3．句意：然而，海上发生了一场大风暴。根据“He found a boat and tried to sail home.”以及“there was a great storm at sea.”并结合语境可知，此处表转折，空后有逗号，所以用however，首字母大写。故填However。 4．句意：他们都有20多米高。根据“than 20 meters tall.”可知，是20多米高，more than“超出”。因此设空处填many的比较级形式more。故填more。 5．句意：一个农民先找到了格列佛，把他带回家。根据“Gulliver first and took him home.”可知，设空处为一般过去时，谓语动词用find的过去式found“找到”。故填found。 6．句意：农夫的女儿把格列佛带到镇上。设空处后有名词“daughter”，这里指的农民的女儿，因此填所给词的所有格形式farmer’s“农民的”。故填farmer’s。 7．句意：女王听说格列佛的事，就从农夫那里买下了他。根据“bought him…the farmer.”可知，这里指的是从农夫那里买下了他，buy from“从……买来”。故填from。 8．句意：国王喜欢听格列佛谈论他的祖国和他的旅行。根据“The King enjoyed”可知，设空处填动名词，enjoy doing“喜欢做某事”，因此listening“听”符合题意。故填listening。 9．句意：他们所有的东西，如椅子、桌子、刀叉和盘子，对格列佛来说都太大了，所以他们用小物件建造了一个小房子供他居住。根据“such as chairs, tables”可知，设空处填所给词的复数形式knives“刀”，泛指类别。故填knives。 10．句意：他们所有的东西，如椅子、桌子、刀叉和盘子，对格列佛来说都太大了，所以他们用小物件建造了一个小房子供他居住。根据“they built a small house with small objects for him to live in.”可知，这里是由so引导的句子。故填so。 （6） Although e-books are popular, most people prefer paper books. 1 (read) paper books is really a good habit, 2 it also means cutting down trees. Could the books be changed back 3 a tree? A book publishing company called Pequeno Editor 4 (make) it possible already! The company’s special book, My Father Was in the Jungle, has come out. In 5 book, a young boy takes the readers on an 6 (excite) journey inside a jungle with his father. The book is made from acid-free paper (无酸纸) and printed in special ink. And it is recycled. Tree seeds are 7 (careful) put into the pages. After someone finishes reading, he or she can water the book and put it in a 8 (sun) place. Once the seeds sprout (发芽), the book can be planted in the soil. From then on, the book just has to be taken care of like any other plant. The only unlucky part is that the publishers are not planning 9 (change) any of their other books soon. This project was just a one-time project to make people have the idea of 10 (protect) the environment. 【答案】1．Reading 2．but 3．into 4．has made 5．the 6．exciting 7．carefully 8．sunny 9．to change 10．protecting 【导语】本文介绍一家名为Pequeno Editor的图书出版公司推出了一款特殊书籍，此书采用无酸纸和特殊油墨印刷，并在书页中植入树种子。读者读完后，只需浇水并将其种植，就能让书籍“变回”树木。该项目虽是一次性尝试，但其核心目的是让人们树立环保意识。 1．句意：读纸质书真的是一个好习惯，但这也意味着要砍伐树木。此处需用动名词作主语，动词原形“read”不能直接作主语，动名词“Reading”可充当主语，符合语法规则。故填Reading。 2．句意：读纸质书真的是一个好习惯，但这也意味着要砍伐树木。根据“Reading paper books is really a good habit”和“it also means cutting down trees”之间的关系，可知需用表转折的连词“but”。故填but。 3．句意：书籍能变回一棵树吗？固定搭配“change back into...”表示 “变回……”，此处指书籍能否变回树木，符合语境。故填into。 4．句意：一家名为Pequeno Editor的图书出版公司已经让这成为可能！句中“already”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数“company”，因此用“has made”。故填has made。 5．句意：在这本书中，一个小男孩和他的父亲一起带领读者进行了一次激动人心的丛林探险。此处特指前文提到的“My Father Was in the Jungle”这本书，需用表特指的定冠词“the”。故填the。 6．句意：在这本书中，一个小男孩和他的父亲一起带领读者进行了一次激动人心的丛林探险。此处需填形容词修饰名词 “journey”，“exciting”意为“令人兴奋的”，符合题意。故填exciting。 7．句意：树的种子被小心地放入书页中。此处需用副词修饰动词“put”，形容词“careful”的副词形式是“carefully”，表示“小心地”。故填carefully。 8．句意：有人读完后，他或她可以给书浇水，然后把它放在一个阳光充足的地方。此处需填形容词来修饰名词“place”，“sunny”是“sun”的形容词形式，意为“阳光充足的”。故填sunny。 9．句意：唯一遗憾的是，出版商不打算很快修改他们的其他任何书籍。“plan to do sth.”意为“计划做某事”，是固定搭配，因此要用“change”的动词不定式“to change”。故填to change。 10．句意：这个项目只是一次性的，目的是让人们产生保护环境的意识。介词“of”后需接动名词作宾语，动词原形“protect”需变为动名词“protecting”。故填protecting。 （7） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The mystery of Stonehenge (巨石阵) in England Stonehenge is a very old place in England. It’s famous for 1 (it) big stones. They stand in a circle. No one 2 (know) who build it or why, but it 3 (be) there for thousands of years. People from all over the world come 4 (see) it every year. The stones are huge and heavy. Some of them weigh as much 5 a truck! 6 (science) say people brought the stones from faraway places and put them together. Why did people build Stonehenge? How long did it take them 7 (build) it? Some say it was a place for ancient people to worship (敬奉) the sun. Others think it was a tomb for important people. Still, no one has found out the truth. During special times like the summer solstice (夏至), the sun 8 (go) up and aligns (对准) with certain stones, making 9 amazing view. This makes many people 10 (think) Stonehenge was built with knowledge of the stars. 【答案】1．its 2．knows 3．has been 4．to see 5．as 6．Scientists 7．to build 8．goes 9．an 10．think 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国巨石阵。 1．句意：它因巨石而闻名。big stones为名词，前面用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 2．句意：没有人知道是谁建造了它，也不知道为什么，但它已经存在了数千年。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为“No one”，看作第三人称单数，故动词需用三单形式。故填knows。 3．句意：没有人知道是谁建造了它，也不知道为什么，但它已经存在了数千年。根据“for thousands of years”可知，用现在完成时have/has done，主语为“It”，看作第三人称单数，故助动词需用has。故填has been。 4．句意：每年都有来自世界各地的人们前来参观。根据“ People from all over the world come...it every year.”可知，此处填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 5．句意：它们中的有些和一辆卡车一样重。as much as意为“多达”。故填as。 6．句意：科学家们说，人们把这些石头从遥远的地方带来，并把它们放在一起。根据“...say people brought the stones from faraway places and...”可知，此处表达“科学家们”，本句为一般现在时，谓语为“say”动词原形，主语需用复数，“科学家”为scientist，注意句子开头需大写。故填Scientists。 7．句意：他们花了多长时间建造它？根据“How long did it take them... it?”可知，it took some time to do sth.表示“花费时间做某事”。故填to build。 8．句意：在像夏至这样的特殊时刻，太阳升起，与某些石头对齐，形成一幅令人惊叹的景色。根据主语“the sun” 是第三人称单数，描述自然现象，用一般现在时。故填goes。 9．句意：在像夏至这样的特殊时刻，太阳升起，与某些石头对齐，形成一幅令人惊叹的景色。根据“making ... amazing view.”可知，此处表泛指，且“amazing”为元音音素开头，需用an。故填an。 10．句意：这使得许多人认为巨石阵是建立在对星星的了解之上的。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。故填think。 （8） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Although e-books are popular, most people prefer paper books. 1 (read) paper books is really a good habit, 2 it also means cutting down trees. Could the books be changed back 3 a tree? A book publishing company called Pequeno Editor 4 (make) it possible already! The company’s special book, My Father Was in the Jungle, has come out. In 5 book, a young boy takes the readers on an 6 (excite) journey inside a jungle with his father. The book is made from acid-free paper (无酸纸) and printed in special ink. And it is recycled. Tree seeds are 7 (careful) put into the pages. After someone finishes reading, he or she can water the book and put it in a 8 (sun) place. Once the seeds sprout (发芽), the book can be planted in the soil. From then on, the book just has to be taken care of like any other plant. The only unlucky part is that the publishers are not planning 9 (change) any of their other books soon. This project was just a one-time project to make people have the idea of 10 (protect) the environment. 【答案】1．Reading 2．but 3．into 4．has made 5．the 6．exciting 7．carefully 8．sunny 9．to change 10．protecting 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种可以种植成树的可回收书籍，旨在唤起人们的环保意识。 1．句意：读纸质书真的是一个好习惯。句子缺少主语，动词原形不能直接作主语，动名词可以作主语，“read”的动名词形式是“Reading”。故填Reading。 2．句意：读纸质书真的是一个好习惯，但这也意味着砍伐树木。前后句之间是转折关系，“but”表示转折。故填but。 3．句意：这些书能变回一棵树吗？ “change...back into...”是固定表达，意为“把……变回……”。故填into。 4．句意：一家名为Pequeno Editor的图书出版公司已经让这成为可能了！“already”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语“A book publishing company”是第三人称单数，用“has”，“make”的过去分词是“made”。故填has made。 5．句意：在这本书里，一个小男孩带着读者和他的父亲在丛林里进行一次令人兴奋的旅行。这里特指前面提到的那本名为“My Father Was in the Jungle”的书，用定冠词“the”。故填the。 6．句意：在这本书里，一个小男孩带着读者和他的父亲在丛林里进行一次令人兴奋的旅行。“journey”是名词，要用形容词修饰，“excite”的形容词有“exciting”（修饰物）和“excited”（修饰人），这里修饰“journey”用“exciting”。故填exciting。 7．句意：树种子被小心地放进书页里。“put”是动词，要用副词修饰，“careful”的副词是“carefully”。故填carefully。 8．句意：有人读完后，可以给书浇水并把它放在阳光充足的地方。“place”是名词，要用形容词修饰，“sun”的形容词是“sunny”。故填sunny。 9．句意：唯一不幸的是出版商不打算很快改变他们的其他任何书。“plan to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“计划做某事”。故填to change。 10．句意：这个项目只是一个一次性的项目，目的是让人们有保护环境的意识。“of”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，“protect”的-ing形式是“protecting”。故填protecting。 （9） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In May, 2024, about 30 journalists (新闻工作者) from 14 European countries had a 15-day trip in China. They went to many places. One of the journalists once 1 (come) to China. He said he was so 2 (surprise) to see China’s great changes over the years. Thirty years ago, many places in China 3 (be) still poor. Some people even 4 (not have) enough food to eat. And 5 (pollute) was a serious problem. 6 , everything is different now. Clean streets and tall buildings are everywhere and people’s lives 7 (improve) a lot. Most Chinese are leading 8 happy life. The journalists also went to see the world’s 9 (long) cross-sea bridge—the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. They couldn’t believe their eyes when they saw the bridge. They all agree that China 10 (become) very beautiful and they are sure that China will be more beautiful in the future. 【答案】1．came 2．surprised 3．were 4．didn’t have 5．pollution 6．However 7．have improved 8．a 9．longest 10．has become 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2024年5月，来自14个欧洲国家的约30名新闻工作者在中国15天的旅行经历，展现了中国这些年的变化。 1．句意：其中一名新闻工作者曾经来过中国。根据“once (曾经)”可知，句子用一般过去时，come的过去式是came。故填came。 2．句意：他说看到中国这些年的巨大变化他很惊讶。“be surprised to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“做某事很惊讶”，surprise的形容词形式“surprised (修饰人)”符合语境，意为“惊讶的”。故填surprised。 3．句意：三十年前，中国的很多地方仍然很贫穷。根据“Thirty years ago”可知，该句应用一般过去时，主语“many places”是复数，故be动词用were。故填were。 4．句意：一些人甚至没有足够的食物吃。根据“Thirty years ago”可知，句子用一般过去时，否定形式借助助动词didn’t，后接动词原形have。故填didn’t have。 5．句意：并且污染是个严重的问题。根据“And ... was a serious problem.”可知，此处作主语，要用pollute的名词形式pollution，意为“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。 6．句意：然而，现在一切都不同了。根据前文说过去的情况，本句“everything is different now”说现在不同可知，此处应是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，用 However，意为“然而”。故填However。 7．句意：干净的街道和高楼到处都是，人们的生活已经改善了很多。强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语“people’s lives”是复数，助动词用have，improve的过去分词是improved。故填have improved。 8．句意：大多数中国人正过着幸福的生活。“lead a ... life”是固定短语，意为“过着……的生活”，happy 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。故填a。 9．句意：这些新闻工作者还去看了世界上最长的跨海大桥——港珠澳大桥。根据常识和“the world’s”表示比较范围可知，此处要用long的最高级形式longest修饰“cross-sea bridge”，意为“最长的”。故填longest。 10．句意：他们都认同中国已经变得非常美丽，并且他们确信中国未来会更美丽。强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。主语是“China”，助动词用has，become的过去分词是become。故填has become。 （10） 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Westwood National Park is a very huge national park. It is well-known 1 its fantastic scenes and many kinds of animals, especially bears. It is one of my favorite 2 (place) to take photos. I will never forget that afternoon. Birds flew over the 3 (shine) lake. The mountains were covered with white snow. With the camera held to my eye, I was recording the amazing picture. All of a sudden, I found two baby bears far away running after each other 4 (happy). Sometimes they stopped to look around; sometimes one rubbed (蹭) the 5 (other) back. They had a lot of fun playing in 6 sun. At that moment, I completely lost myself in the sweet environment. How I wished that time could stand still! I really hoped 7 (catch) the warm scene with my camera and I did it. After a while, I 8 (hear) a loud roar (吼叫) from the mother bear. The two baby bears stood up quickly 9 ran back to the forest. I was so lucky that I could take such a picture. The photo always tells 10 (I) that the real beauty is “nature” in nature. 【答案】1．for 2．places 3．shiny 4．happily 5．other’s 6．the 7．to catch 8．heard 9．and 10．me 【导语】本文讲述了作者在韦斯特伍德国家公园拍摄自然美景的经历，尤其描绘了偶遇两只小熊嬉戏的温馨场景，并感慨照片让自己领悟到真正的美源自大自然本身。 1．句意：它以其奇幻的景色和种类繁多的动物而闻名，尤其是熊。根据“It is well-known...its fantastic scenes and many kinds of animals”可知，景色和动物是这个公园出名的原因，应用短语be well-known for“因……而出名”。故填for。 2．句意：这是我最喜欢拍照的地方之一。“one of+复数名词”结构表示“……之一”，此处应填复数名词places“地方”。故填places。 3．句意：鸟儿飞过波光粼粼的湖面。修饰名词“lake”应用形容词shiny“闪亮的”。故填shiny。 4．句意：突然，我发现两个熊宝宝在远处快乐地追逐着对方。修饰动词“run”应用副词happily“快乐地”。故填happily。 5．句意：有时一只会蹭另一只的背。修饰名词“back”应用所有格形式the other’s，表示所属关系。故填other’s。 6．句意：它们在阳光下玩得很开心。in the sun“在阳光下”，固定短语。故填the。 7．句意：我真的希望用我的相机捕捉到温暖的场景，我做到了。hope to do sth“希望做某事”。故填to catch。 8．句意：过了一会儿，我听到熊妈妈的一声大吼。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式heard“听见”。故填heard。 9．句意：两只熊宝宝迅速站起来，跑回森林。“stood up”和“ran back”是顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。 10．句意：这张照片总是让我明白，真正的美是存在于大自然中的“本真之美”。动词“tells”后接宾格代词me“我”作宾语。故填me。 （11） People of different ages like going on a trip during the holiday. Children usually like 1 (travel) to some interesting places like the theme park. Many of them like experiencing the 2 (excited) ride on the roller coaster. It moves at high 3 and children usually scream with excitement. Young people like going to the sea or mountains. They are interested in taking part in some dangerous 4 (activity) such as diving, sailing and rock climbing. They often choose some local restaurants and enjoy d 5 food there. Young people don’t mind spending money on the trip. So they usually go on a trip by plane. When their plane arrives at the 6 , some of their friends in the city may be waiting for them there. Old people are usually interested in history. So they usually go to c 7 with a long history for a trip. Beijing, Xi’an and Luoyang are all good choices (选择) for them. They often take some photos during the trip. At the end of the trip, they can learn more about the city and make some new friends as well. People like having a trip because they can have a f 8 time. Long after the trip is o 9 , they still m 10 the beautiful views and nice people during the trip. 【答案】1．travelling/traveling 2．exciting 3．speed 4．activities 5．(d)elicious 6．airport 7．(c)ities 8．(f)antastic 9．(o)ver 10．(m)iss 【导语】本文描述了不同年龄段人群的旅行偏好：儿童喜欢去主题公园等有趣的地方体验刺激项目，年轻人偏爱冒险活动和当地美食，而老年人则倾向于游览历史悠久的城市。 1．句意：孩子们通常喜欢去一些有趣的地方旅行，比如主题公园。“like”后接动名词作宾语，因此此处应用travel“旅行”的动名词形式“travelling/traveling”。故填travelling/traveling。 2．句意：他们中的许多人喜欢体验坐过山车的刺激。此空修饰名词“ride”，“excited”表示“感到兴奋的”，通常修饰人，此处应用形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”，指过山车本身令人兴奋。故填exciting。 3．句意：它以高速移动，孩子们通常会兴奋地尖叫。根据“It moves at high…”可知此处应填名词speed“速度”，at high speed“以高速”。故填speed。 4．句意：他们对参加一些危险的活动感兴趣，比如潜水、帆船和攀岩。此空前有“some”修饰，名词activity“活动”需变为复数形式“activities”。故填activities。 5．句意：他们经常选择一些当地餐馆，在那里享受美味的食物。根据“enjoy…food”及首字母提示可知此处应填形容词delicious“美味的”，修饰名词“food”，作定语。故填(d)elicious。 6．句意：当他们的飞机到达机场时，他们在那个城市的一些朋友可能正在那里等他们。根据“When their plane arrives at the…”可知此处指飞机到达机场，应用名词airport“机场”。故填airport。 7．句意：所以他们通常去有悠久历史的城市旅行。根据“So they usually go to…with a long history for a trip. Beijing, Xi’an and Luoyang are all good choices (选择) for them.”及首字母提示可知此处指有悠久历史的城市，应用名词city“城市”，并且名词需变为复数形式“cities”，表示类别。故填(c)ities。 8．句意：人们喜欢旅行因为他们可以度过非常愉快的时光。根据“People like having a trip because they can have a…time.”及首字母提示可知此处应用形容词fantastic“极好的”，修饰名词“time”。故填(f)antastic。 9．句意：旅行结束很久之后，他们仍然想念旅行中那些美丽的风景和友好的人。根据“Long after the trip is…, they still…”及首字母提示可知此处应用over“结束”。故填(o)ver。 10．句意：旅行结束很久之后，他们仍然想念旅行中那些美丽的风景和友好的人。根据“they still…the beautiful views and nice people during the trip”及首字母提示可知此处应用动词miss“想念”，根据上下文语境可知句子应用一般现在时，主语“they”是复数，动词用原形即可。故填(m)iss。 （12） 请认真阅读下面的短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Travel helps kids learn more than textbooks. Travelling with kids is good 1 them. It lets them find new hobbies. Travel 2 (make) learning fun, which is more exciting than reading textbooks at school. When travelling, kids learn to deal with different problems. They also have more 3 (communicate) with others. Sometimes, they can’t reach fun places quickly. So, they learn patience—it’s 4 (possible) to get everywhere right away. I’ve been travelling for many years. For me, to stop travelling feels like 5 (take) something from my soul (灵魂). Some parents think it’s hard to travel by 6 (they) with kids. But my kids have already been to many places 7 they were three months old. When we bring 8 new life into the world, we take on many duties. As a mom, I want to teach my kids well. I’m thankful that my parents took me on trips. I’ve 9 (learn) the world is much more colourful. I hope to share these travel 10 (experience) with my children. 【答案】1．for 2．makes 3．communication 4．impossible 5．taking 6．themselves 7．since 8．a 9．learned/learnt 10．experiences 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了带孩子旅行的诸多益处。 1．句意：带孩子旅行对他们有好处。根据“Travelling with kids is good...them.”可知，“be good for sb.”为固定搭配，意为“对某人有好处”，表明旅行对孩子有益。故填for。 2．句意：旅行让学习变得有趣，这比在学校读课本更令人兴奋。根据“Travel...(make) learning fun”可知，句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“Travel”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词“make”用第三人称单数形式“makes”。故填makes。 3．句意：他们也有更多与他人交流的机会。根据“they have more...(communicate) with others”可知，“more”后接名词，“communicate”的名词形式为“communication”，意为“交流”，是不可数名词。故填communication。 4．句意：所以，他们学会了耐心——不可能马上到达所有地方。根据“it’s...(possible) to get everywhere right away”可知，“it’s+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型，结合“learn patience”可知，此处表示“不可能”，用“possible”的反义词“impossible”。故填impossible。 5．句意：对我来说，停止旅行就像从我的灵魂中夺走了什么东西。根据“feels like...(take) something from my soul”可知，“feel like doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“感觉像做某事”，动名词“taking”作宾语。故填taking。 6．句意：有些父母认为自己带孩子旅行很难。根据“travel by...(they) with kids”可知，“by oneself”为固定短语，意为“独自”，“they”的反身代词为“themselves”，指父母独自带孩子旅行，故填themselves。 7．句意：但我的孩子从三个月大起就已经去过很多地方了。根据“my kids have already been to many places...they were three months old”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，“since+过去时间点”表示“自从……以来”，故填since。 8．句意：当我们把一个新生命带到这个世界上时，我们承担了许多责任。根据“bring...new life into the world”可知，“a new life”表示“一个新生命”，不定冠词“a”用于辅音音素前，泛指“一个”。故填a。 9．句意：我已经了解到世界更加丰富多彩。根据“I’ve...(learn) the world is much more colourful”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，“learn”的过去分词为“learned”或“learnt”，此处用“learned”。故填learned/learnt。 10．句意：我希望与我的孩子们分享这些旅行经历。根据“share these travel...(experience) with my children”可知，“experience”表示“经历”时是可数名词，“these”后接复数形式“experiences”。故填experiences。 （13） 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important 1 (holiday) in China. It’s an important traditional festival. People always celebrate it on the 15th day in the 2 (eight) month of Chinese calendar (日历). It’s said that the moon is the fullest and 3 (bright) on that day. The festival started in China about 3,000 years ago and since then it 4 (be) a popular tradition (传统) already. Though nobody knows the reason for the 5 (begin) of the festival, there are some stories about it. Story 1: Harvest Chinese used the moon as a calendar for harvest. The full moon 6 (mean) the end of the summer harvest. At that time farmers would get together and eat delicious moon cakes. Story 2: War During Yuan Dynasty, some bad men took over China and treated the Chinese badly. 7 (fight) against them, the Chinese planned to send moon cakes to every person. They put paper messages into the center of the moon cakes. They named the time and places to beat the bad men. Story 3: Moon lady The story of the lady on the moon was described as a beautiful woman 8 (name) Chang’e. She lived in the cold palace on the moon by 9 (she). At the Mid-Autumn Festival, people can see her beauty 10 (clear). Today people often celebrate it with family and friends. People will have a family dinner and eat moon cakes. 【答案】1．holidays 2．eighth 3．brightest 4．has been 5．beginning 6．meant 7．To fight 8．named 9．herself 10．clearly/more clearly 【导语】本文介绍了中国中秋节的相关情况，文中还讲述了与中秋节相关的三个传说，并提及如今人们与亲友聚餐、吃月饼的庆祝方式。 1．句意：中秋节是中国最重要的节日之一。“one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，所以此处用名词复数，holiday的复数形式为holidays，故填holidays。 2．句意：人们总是在农历八月十五庆祝它。根据常识可知，中秋节在一年中的第八个月，用序数词eighth，the eighth month意为“第八个月”，故填eighth。 3．句意：据说那天的月亮是最圆最亮的。根据“fullest and”可知，and连接并列成分，前面是最高级，所以此处也用最高级，bright的最高级为brightest，故填brightest。 4．句意：这个节日大约3000年前在中国开始，从那以后它就已经成为一个受欢迎的传统。根据“since then”和“already”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语it为单数，故填has been。 5．句意：虽然没人知道这个节日起源的原因，但有一些关于它的故事。根据“the”可知，后接名词，begin的名词形式为beginning“起源；开端”，故填beginning。 6．句意：满月意味着夏收的结束。根据“Chinese used the moon as a calendar for harvest.”和“At that time farmers would get together...”可知，此处用一般过去时态，mean的过去式是meant，故填meant。 7．句意：为了反抗他们，中国人计划给每个人送月饼。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“送月饼”的目的是“反抗他们”，句首首字母大写，故填To fight。 8．句意：月亮上的仙女故事讲述的是一个叫嫦娥的美丽女子。根据“woman”和“name”可知，二者存在被动关系，所以此处用过去分词作后置定语，修饰“a beautiful woman”，表示“被命名为”，故填named。 9．句意：她独自住在月球上的广寒宫。by oneself为固定搭配，意为“独自”，主语为she，故用反身代词herself。故填herself。 10．句意：中秋节时，人们能清楚地/更清楚地看到她的美貌。根据“see”可知，此处用副词修饰动词see，clear的副词形式为clearly；根据常识可知，八月十五这一天，月亮更大更圆，也能更清楚地看到她的美貌。故填clearly/more clearly。 （14） 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺。 Popular cartoon heroes like Spider-Man win the hearts of young people all over the world. The pictures 1 them are everywhere, on office desks, schoolbags and computer screens. There are also some much 2 (old) cartoon favourites, for example, the Monkey King. He is the hero of a story 3 (call) Havoc in Heaven. He leads a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men. He is brave, clever and 4 (humour). Parents and children laugh together as the Monkey King makes a terrible mess in heaven. They always look forward to 5 (see) more Monkey King cartoons. Tintin is another favourite cartoon hero. He 6 (be) popular for over ninety years, ever since the artist Hergé invented him in 1929. Tintin has red hair and a small white dog. He works for a newspaper and has lots of exciting experiences. Fans have bought about 300 million 7 (copy) of Tintin’s stories in more than seventy languages. Tintin appeared in China 8 the 1980s. Many Chinese still collect these black-and-white Tintin books. Finally, Snoopy, a cute dog, 9 (celebrate) his seventieth birthday in 2020. Snoopy lives in his own private world and finds real life hard to understand. Charles Schulz created Snoopy and his friends, and managed 10 (draw) the cartoons to satisfy (使满意) old people as well as children. It is well known in seventy-five countries around the world. 【答案】1．of 2．older 3．called 4．humorous 5．seeing 6．has been 7．copies 8．in 9．celebrated 10．to draw 【导语】本文介绍了几个深受世界各地年轻人喜爱的卡通英雄形象，包括蜘蛛侠、孙悟空、丁丁和史努比，阐述了它们各自的特点、受欢迎程度以及相关背景等信息。 1．句意：关于它们的图片到处都是，在办公桌、书包和电脑屏幕上。根据“The pictures...them are everywhere”可知，这里要表达“关于这些卡通英雄的图片”，“the pictures of...”是固定表达，表示“……的图片”，故填of。 2．句意：也有一些更古老的深受喜爱的卡通形象。 根据“There are also some much...cartoon favourites”可知，此处是将一些卡通形象和前面提到的蜘蛛侠等进行对比，有“更古老”的意思，much后接形容词比较级，old的比较级是older，故填older。 3．句意：他是一个叫做《大闹天宫》的故事里的英雄。根据“He is the hero of a story...Havoc in Heaven” 可知，此处要用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰story，表示“被叫做”，即“一个被叫做《大闹天宫》的故事”，故填called。 4．句意：他勇敢、聪明且幽默。根据“He is brave, clever and...”可知，and连接并列的形容词，humour的形容词形式是humorous，表示“幽默的”，故填humorous。 5．句意：他们总是期待看到更多的孙悟空卡通片。根据“They always look forward to...more Monkey King cartoons”可知，“look forward to doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“期待做某事”，所以此处要用see 的动名词形式seeing，故填seeing。 6．句意：自从艺术家埃尔热在1929年创造了他，他已经流行了九十多年了。根据“He...popular for over ninety years, ever since the artist Hergé invented him in 1929” 可知，“ever since+过去时间点”表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的时间段，句子要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语He是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，be的过去分词是been，故填has been。 7．句意：粉丝们已经购买了大约3亿册用七十多种语言编写的丁丁的故事书。根据“Fans have bought about 300 million...of Tintin’s stories”可知，copy是可数名词，“300 million”表示数量众多，所以要用其复数形式copies，故填copies。 8．句意：丁丁在20世纪80年代出现在中国。 根据“Tintin appeared in China...the 1980s”可知，“in the+年代”表示“在……年代”，是固定用法，故填in。 9．句意：最后，可爱的狗狗史努比在2020年庆祝了他的七十岁生日。根据“Finally, Snoopy, a cute dog,...his seventieth birthday in 2020”可知，“in 2020”是过去的时间，所以句子时态要用一般过去时，celebrate的过去式是celebrated，故填celebrated。 10．句意：查尔斯·舒尔茨创造了史努比和他的朋友们，并设法画出这些卡通片以满足老人和孩子。根据“Charles Schulz created Snoopy and his friends, and managed...the cartoons”可知，“manage to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“设法做成某事”，所以此处要用draw 的不定式形式to draw，故填to draw。 （15） Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚，惩罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Haimen believe that if they work together, they can surely make Haimen a better place. 【答案】1．have taken 2．live 3．southern 4．on 5．themselves 6．dropped 7．factories 8．carelessly 9．to help 10．more meaningful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海门镇近年来的巨大变化，包括生活条件、交通、环境和居民素质等方面的改善。 1．句意：在过去的几年里发生了巨大的变化，包括生活条件、交通、环境和人。时间状语“over the past few years”表示从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，主语“Great changes”是复数，谓语用“have taken”。故填have taken。 2．句意：当地人过去住在老房子里。“used to do”表示“过去常常做某事”。故填live。 3．句意：现在大多数人搬进了新公寓，城镇的南部有一个高铁站。修饰名词“part”，需用形容词形式。故填southern。 4．句意：大多数人习惯乘高铁出差。“on business”是固定搭配，表示“出差”。故填on。 5．句意：人们经常在一天辛苦工作后去那里放松自己。空处作“relax”的宾语，宾语和主语people是同一主体，需用反身代词。故填themselves。 6．句意：过去，人们到处乱扔垃圾。时间状语“In the past”表明用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填dropped。 7．句意：工厂的废物被倒入河流。空处表示“多个工厂”，需用复数形式。故填factories。 8．句意：如果人们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他们将受到惩罚。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词“drop”，需用副词形式；且根据“If people drop litter ... in public”可知，在公共场所乱扔垃圾是粗心的行为，所以carelessly符合语境。故填carelessly。 9．句意：他和同学经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。“how to do”是固定搭配，表示“如何做某事”。故填to help。 10．句意：他认为现在的生活更有意义了。由is和much可知，空处需用形容词比较级作表语，根据“He and his classmates often discuss how ... people in need.”可知表示“比以前更有意义”。meaningful“有意义的”比较级是more meaningful。故填more meaningful。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 语法填空技巧归纳&专项训练 1. 无词形变化的词题， 一般是3个或4个小题，近年来，只考查了冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等三类词； 2. 有词形变化的词题， 即要填词的正确形式， 一般是6个或7个小题，常考查了代词的四种格式，谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化、疑问词、从句中引导词等几种情况。 解题思维导图 根据设题规律，可将语法填空题的基本思路归纳成下表： 1. 词性转换 形容词、副词、动词（同一词根） 名词 2. 名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数 1. 词性转换（变反义词或副词） 形容词 2. 比较级或最高级的几种用法 语法填空类解题思路 实词 副词 同形容词 时态，注意常考时态 语态，即被动语态 作谓语 动词 1. 词性转换 （动词变动名词或不定式） 1. to do 表:将来/目的 作非谓语 2. V-ing 表:主动/进行/已经发生 2. 非谓语 3. V-ed 表:被动/完成 人称代词、不定代词、反身代词 物主代词：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词; 名词性物主代词作 主语，宾语，本身就是名词，后不需再加名词。 代词 指代上文事物 形式主语 形式宾语 It的用法 That的用法、疑问代词（what、who、which、whom、whose）和疑问副词（when、where、how、why）的用法 名词之前,尤其是泛指”一”,或特指某个人或事物;泛指用a/an,特指用the 冠词 当空格后的名词在句中不是作主语，表语或动词宾语时，选填介词；注意 搭配 常为介词考查主要内容依据。 虚词 介词 空格前后都是句子（一个主谓就为一个句子）；前后都是并列单词或短语 1. 单词/短语+并列连词+单词/短语；2. 一个句子+并连/从连+一个句子 3. 从属连词+一个句子，一个句子（主句）；主句+连词（关系词）+从句 连词 随堂训练 （1） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is one of China’s 1 (important) traditional festivals. It usually 2 (fall) on April 4th 3 5th each year. People 4 (celebrate) this festival for over 2,500 years. Honoring Ancestors (祭祖): During Qingming, families visit the graves of their ancestors. They clean the tombs, offer food, and burn incense. This tradition has been passed down for generations. It is a way 5 (show) respect and remember loved ones who have passed away. Spring Outings: Qingming is also a time to enjoy nature. Many people go on spring outings, fly kites, or have picnics. The festival marks the 6 (begin) of warmer weather, and people have enjoyed these activities for 7 (century). Traditional Food: People often eat qingtuan, 8 green rice cake made with mugwort. This special food has been a part of the festival since ancient times. The Qingming Festival is not only about 9 (remember) the past but also about celebrating life and nature. Over the years, some traditions have changed, but the spirit 10 Qingming remains the same. （2） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, I visited Mount Huangshan. It’s such an 1 (excite) experience that I’ll never forget it. The journey started early in the morning. I took a taxi and made 2 (I) way to the mountain. The air was fresh, and the scenery (风景) along the way was beautiful. As I reached the foot of the mountain, I saw many visitors 3 home and abroad. They carried big bags and cameras, ready to take great photos. Some people chose to take the cable car 4 it could save time and energy. But I decided to climb the mountain on my own. There were lots of 5 (step), and sometimes the path was steep (陡峭的). However, they didn’t stop me 6 (climb). I took breaks along the way 7 (admire) the views. The mountain was covered with green trees and rocks in strange shapes. I also saw some monkeys playing in the trees. When I finally arrived at the top, I saw a wonderful sea of clouds, and the sun was shining brightly. It felt like I was in 8 watercolour painting. Through the journey, I not only enjoyed the beauty of nature but also 9 (fall) in love with climbing. It’s really one of the 10 (good) adventures I’ve ever had! （3） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The Louvre Museum (卢浮宫) is one of the most famous museums in the world. Being famous for the masterpieces (杰作), like Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo, it attracts 1 (million) of visitors every year. Do you want to have a look at these famous artworks? Lots of people say yes. Actually, we don’t need to go to France for those. We can see them on the Internet now. Thanks to modern technology, the Louvre has made all 2 (it) collection available online. Now, anyone with an Internet connection can explore over 480,000 artworks—for free! 3 you’re an art lover, a student, or just curious, you can admire famous paintings, sculptures, and historical artifacts from your home. The convenience of visiting online brings everyone great 4 (excite). As 5 how to visit the Louvre Museum on the Internet, it’s very easy. There is a map of the Louvre Museum. After reading the map 6 (careful), you can visit the Louvre Museum room by room using your mouse (鼠标). I’m sure you will enjoy 7 (visit) this online museum! Visiting the Louvre online is 8 (true) an unforgettable experience. Whether you spend five minutes 9 five hours, you’ll discover something amazing. So why wait? Grab your mouse, open your browser (浏览器), and step into the world’s 10 (great) art museum—without leaving your chair! （4） Have you read Treasure Island? It is one of the most famous 1 (novel) by Robert Louis Stevenson from the UK. Since Treasure Island first came out in 1883, the story has become very popular. Many teachers advise students 2 (read) it. The main character is a boy called Jim Hawkins. He lived in a safe and peaceful world with his parents at the beginning. He often wondered what 3 (do) to make life more exciting. One day, an old seaman came to his 4 (parents) hotel with a treasure map that everyone was looking for. Blind Pew, Black Dog and other pirates ( 海盗) followed him 5 they all wanted to get the map. Jim was lucky enough to get the treasure map and began to find the treasure with his friends. But another pirate, one-legged Silver, who wanted all the treasure too, 6 (hide) in Jim’s group. When they got to Treasure Island, some of Jim’s friends were killed by Silver. Jim found it dangerous to stay with the pirates, so he and his friends left the group in 7 (silent). Luckily, they met Ben Gunn. With the help of Ben Gunn, Jim and his friends found the treasure, and at last they came back home 8 plenty of treasure. Jim’s search for treasure is a process (过程) of self-discovery. During the adventure, the boy tried his best to fight 9 (brave) against pirates and he also grew into a great young man. In this book, readers can enjoy the adventure and they can experience the 10 (excite) journey all the time. So it can be said that Chinese children grow up reading Journey to the West, while Western children grow up reading Treasure Island. （5） 阅读对话，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Recently I 1 (read) a novel. Here is an extract from the book. Gulliver managed 2 (get) away from the small men. He found a boat and tried to sail home. 3 , there was a great storm at sea. The strong winds drove his boat to a strange island. Everyone on the island was very large. They were all 4 (many) than 20 meters tall. A farmer 5 (find) Gulliver first and took him home. Gulliver seemed very small to them, like a toy or a pet. The 6 (farmer) daughter took Gulliver to town. Everyone in the town was surprised to see such a small person. The Queen heard about Gulliver and bought him 7 the farmer. He gave Gulliver to the King as a present. The King enjoyed 8 (listen) to Gulliver talk about his home country and his travels. All their objects, such as chairs, tables, 9 (knife), forks and plates, were too big for Gulliver to use, 10 they built a small house with small objects for him to live in. Wherever the King and Queen went, they carried Gulliver with them in his house. （6） Although e-books are popular, most people prefer paper books. 1 (read) paper books is really a good habit, 2 it also means cutting down trees. Could the books be changed back 3 a tree? A book publishing company called Pequeno Editor 4 (make) it possible already! The company’s special book, My Father Was in the Jungle, has come out. In 5 book, a young boy takes the readers on an 6 (excite) journey inside a jungle with his father. The book is made from acid-free paper (无酸纸) and printed in special ink. And it is recycled. Tree seeds are 7 (careful) put into the pages. After someone finishes reading, he or she can water the book and put it in a 8 (sun) place. Once the seeds sprout (发芽), the book can be planted in the soil. From then on, the book just has to be taken care of like any other plant. The only unlucky part is that the publishers are not planning 9 (change) any of their other books soon. This project was just a one-time project to make people have the idea of 10 (protect) the environment. （7） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The mystery of Stonehenge (巨石阵) in England Stonehenge is a very old place in England. It’s famous for 1 (it) big stones. They stand in a circle. No one 2 (know) who build it or why, but it 3 (be) there for thousands of years. People from all over the world come 4 (see) it every year. The stones are huge and heavy. Some of them weigh as much 5 a truck! 6 (science) say people brought the stones from faraway places and put them together. Why did people build Stonehenge? How long did it take them 7 (build) it? Some say it was a place for ancient people to worship (敬奉) the sun. Others think it was a tomb for important people. Still, no one has found out the truth. During special times like the summer solstice (夏至), the sun 8 (go) up and aligns (对准) with certain stones, making 9 amazing view. This makes many people 10 (think) Stonehenge was built with knowledge of the stars. （8） 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Although e-books are popular, most people prefer paper books. 1 (read) paper books is really a good habit, 2 it also means cutting down trees. Could the books be changed back 3 a tree? A book publishing company called Pequeno Editor 4 (make) it possible already! The company’s special book, My Father Was in the Jungle, has come out. In 5 book, a young boy takes the readers on an 6 (excite) journey inside a jungle with his father. The book is made from acid-free paper (无酸纸) and printed in special ink. And it is recycled. Tree seeds are 7 (careful) put into the pages. After someone finishes reading, he or she can water the book and put it in a 8 (sun) place. Once the seeds sprout (发芽), the book can be planted in the soil. From then on, the book just has to be taken care of like any other plant. The only unlucky part is that the publishers are not planning 9 (change) any of their other books soon. This project was just a one-time project to make people have the idea of 10 (protect) the environment. （9） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In May, 2024, about 30 journalists (新闻工作者) from 14 European countries had a 15-day trip in China. They went to many places. One of the journalists once 1 (come) to China. He said he was so 2 (surprise) to see China’s great changes over the years. Thirty years ago, many places in China 3 (be) still poor. Some people even 4 (not have) enough food to eat. And 5 (pollute) was a serious problem. 6 , everything is different now. Clean streets and tall buildings are everywhere and people’s lives 7 (improve) a lot. Most Chinese are leading 8 happy life. The journalists also went to see the world’s 9 (long) cross-sea bridge—the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. They couldn’t believe their eyes when they saw the bridge. They all agree that China 10 (become) very beautiful and they are sure that China will be more beautiful in the future. （10） 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Westwood National Park is a very huge national park. It is well-known 1 its fantastic scenes and many kinds of animals, especially bears. It is one of my favorite 2 (place) to take photos. I will never forget that afternoon. Birds flew over the 3 (shine) lake. The mountains were covered with white snow. With the camera held to my eye, I was recording the amazing picture. All of a sudden, I found two baby bears far away running after each other 4 (happy). Sometimes they stopped to look around; sometimes one rubbed (蹭) the 5 (other) back. They had a lot of fun playing in 6 sun. At that moment, I completely lost myself in the sweet environment. How I wished that time could stand still! I really hoped 7 (catch) the warm scene with my camera and I did it. After a while, I 8 (hear) a loud roar (吼叫) from the mother bear. The two baby bears stood up quickly 9 ran back to the forest. I was so lucky that I could take such a picture. The photo always tells 10 (I) that the real beauty is “nature” in nature. （11） People of different ages like going on a trip during the holiday. Children usually like 1 (travel) to some interesting places like the theme park. Many of them like experiencing the 2 (excited) ride on the roller coaster. It moves at high 3 and children usually scream with excitement. Young people like going to the sea or mountains. They are interested in taking part in some dangerous 4 (activity) such as diving, sailing and rock climbing. They often choose some local restaurants and enjoy d 5 food there. Young people don’t mind spending money on the trip. So they usually go on a trip by plane. When their plane arrives at the 6 , some of their friends in the city may be waiting for them there. Old people are usually interested in history. So they usually go to c 7 with a long history for a trip. Beijing, Xi’an and Luoyang are all good choices (选择) for them. They often take some photos during the trip. At the end of the trip, they can learn more about the city and make some new friends as well. People like having a trip because they can have a f 8 time. Long after the trip is o 9 , they still m 10 the beautiful views and nice people during the trip. （12） 请认真阅读下面的短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Travel helps kids learn more than textbooks. Travelling with kids is good 1 them. It lets them find new hobbies. Travel 2 (make) learning fun, which is more exciting than reading textbooks at school. When travelling, kids learn to deal with different problems. They also have more 3 (communicate) with others. Sometimes, they can’t reach fun places quickly. So, they learn patience—it’s 4 (possible) to get everywhere right away. I’ve been travelling for many years. For me, to stop travelling feels like 5 (take) something from my soul (灵魂). Some parents think it’s hard to travel by 6 (they) with kids. But my kids have already been to many places 7 they were three months old. When we bring 8 new life into the world, we take on many duties. As a mom, I want to teach my kids well. I’m thankful that my parents took me on trips. I’ve 9 (learn) the world is much more colourful. I hope to share these travel 10 (experience) with my children. （13） 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important 1 (holiday) in China. It’s an important traditional festival. People always celebrate it on the 15th day in the 2 (eight) month of Chinese calendar (日历). It’s said that the moon is the fullest and 3 (bright) on that day. The festival started in China about 3,000 years ago and since then it 4 (be) a popular tradition (传统) already. Though nobody knows the reason for the 5 (begin) of the festival, there are some stories about it. Story 1: Harvest Chinese used the moon as a calendar for harvest. The full moon 6 (mean) the end of the summer harvest. At that time farmers would get together and eat delicious moon cakes. Story 2: War During Yuan Dynasty, some bad men took over China and treated the Chinese badly. 7 (fight) against them, the Chinese planned to send moon cakes to every person. They put paper messages into the center of the moon cakes. They named the time and places to beat the bad men. Story 3: Moon lady The story of the lady on the moon was described as a beautiful woman 8 (name) Chang’e. She lived in the cold palace on the moon by 9 (she). At the Mid-Autumn Festival, people can see her beauty 10 (clear). Today people often celebrate it with family and friends. People will have a family dinner and eat moon cakes. （14） 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺。 Popular cartoon heroes like Spider-Man win the hearts of young people all over the world. The pictures 1 them are everywhere, on office desks, schoolbags and computer screens. There are also some much 2 (old) cartoon favourites, for example, the Monkey King. He is the hero of a story 3 (call) Havoc in Heaven. He leads a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men. He is brave, clever and 4 (humour). Parents and children laugh together as the Monkey King makes a terrible mess in heaven. They always look forward to 5 (see) more Monkey King cartoons. Tintin is another favourite cartoon hero. He 6 (be) popular for over ninety years, ever since the artist Hergé invented him in 1929. Tintin has red hair and a small white dog. He works for a newspaper and has lots of exciting experiences. Fans have bought about 300 million 7 (copy) of Tintin’s stories in more than seventy languages. Tintin appeared in China 8 the 1980s. Many Chinese still collect these black-and-white Tintin books. Finally, Snoopy, a cute dog, 9 (celebrate) his seventieth birthday in 2020. Snoopy lives in his own private world and finds real life hard to understand. Charles Schulz created Snoopy and his friends, and managed 10 (draw) the cartoons to satisfy (使满意) old people as well as children. It is well known in seventy-five countries around the world. （15） Haimen is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with waste. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished (处罚，惩罚). People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Haimen believe that if they work together, they can surely make Haimen a better place. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $