考前押题01 阅读理解6大常考话题（期中复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期鲁教版五四制

专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校活动 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科普知识 话题3 友谊（常考点） 话题6 文化差异（常考点） 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·福建泉州·期中） Volunteers (志愿者) needed at TIESHey there, friends, TIES is a fun new program (计划) in our school. It helps students with disabilities (残疾) take part in events, activities, sports, you name it! We want to make sure every student has a great time at school and feels like we’re one big family. If you are in seventh or eighth grade, you can be a volunteer! Being a volunteer is a great way to make new friends and help those in need. If you want to join us, fill out an application (填申请表) on our website www.tiesvolunteer.com! For more information, please e-mail Emma Brown at emma.ties@gmail.com. 1．Who does TIES want to help? A．Students with bad scores. B．Students with disabilities. C．Students from poor families. D．Students with no Mom or Dad. 2．How do volunteers help the students in need? A．They give money to them. B．They cook food for them. C．They help them join in activities. D．They help them with their homework. 3．Which of the following students can join TES? A．Jenny in fourth grade. B．Bella in sixth grade. C．Peter in ninth grade. D．Dave in eighth grade. 4．If you want to know more about TIES, you can _______. A．leave a message online B．send an e-mail C．make a call D．visit Emma Brown 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read this material? A．School life. B．Sports news. C．Ways of teaching. D．Fun classes. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·河南平顶山·期中）There are lots of tests in school, like English tests, math tests and running tests. Did you ever hear about a bicycle riding test? Some students in China are having this new test. To make students safe on the roads, some schools are holding bicycle riding tests for students over 12 years old. The schools also give classes about traffic rules. Students can learn to ride a bicycle with the help of their teachers. The test includes (包括) riding skills, such as the moves of getting on and off, making 90 degrees (度) turn, passing through a narrow (窄的) road, riding on the path in the shape of S and stopping suddenly. Once they pass the test, they will get a “riding license (许可证)”. Many students ride to school in China. Most students and parents welcome this new test. Schools in Shanghai first asked their students over 12 to take a “riding license” about 10 years ago. Students can’t go to school by bicycle without a license. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案，并将其标号填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1．The new test is a (an) ________. A．English test B．math test C．running test D．bicycle riding test 2．Who have to take part in bicycle riding tests in some schools? A．Students under 10 years old. B．Students under 12 years old. C．Students over 10 years old. D．Students over 12 years old. 3．If you want to pass the test, you need to have the following skills EXCEPT________. A．making 60 degrees turn B．the moves of getting on and off C．passing through a narrow road D．riding on the path in the shape of S 4．How does the writer lead into (导入) the topic “bicycle riding test”? A．By telling a joke. B．By making a survey. C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying. 5．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山西吕梁·期中） Subject: School TripsHey everyone! How’s it going? Do you have school trips? They’re super common in schools worldwide! The main goals (目标) of these trips are as follows. 1. Educational observation (e. g., visiting museums or science centers) 2. Non-experimental research (e. g., studying nature in forests) 3. Giving students real-life experiences (e.g., community service) We surveyed 100 students in our school about their trips. Here’s what they said. Like (63%)                    Dislike (25%)            Don’t mind (12%) √Learn useful things             ×A waste of time             Depends on the trip √Make new friends             ×Too boring                 Not sure√Understand teamwork better     ×Too many strict rules Some extra opinions from students: ●“I loved the zoo trip! We wrote reports about animals. The trip was fun and educational!”—Jake (Grade 8) ●“The history museum trip was tiring. We just walked and listened for hours!”—Mia (Grade 7) ●“Rules are important, but teachers shouldn’t treat us like little kids.”—Ryan (Grade 9) What about YOU? Do you enjoy school trips? Why? Share your coolest (or worst) trip story! Looking forward to your replies! 1．How many main goals of school trips are mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Two. B．Three C．Four. 2．How many students don’t mind school trips in this survey? A．12. B．25. C．63. 3．Why do the students like school trips according to the survey? A．Because they can get away from schoolwork completely. B．Because they don’t need to follow strict rules. C．Because they can learn useful things and make new friends. 4．What may Jake think of school trips? A．Tiring and boring. B．Fun and educational. C．Important and strict. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Ryan doesn’t think rules are important. B．More than half of the students think school trips are boring. C．Here are three reasons why students dislike school trips. 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期中）We have a saying that “filial piety (孝敬) is the most important of all virtues (美德).” This shows how important it is for Chinese people to respect and take care of their parents. In China, filial piety has been a key value for thousands of years, shaping how families live and how society works. Our parents do so much for us. They feed us, take care of us, and teach us right from wrong. It’s only natural that we should feel grateful and want to repay them for their love and care. For teenagers, filial piety means trying to make parents happy, whether it’s through small actions or bigger efforts. In China, students often express filial piety in meaningful ways. For example, they help wash their parents’ feet, cook meals for them, or write heartfelt thank-you cards. These small gestures may seem simple, but they carry deep love and thankfulness. By doing these things, we make our relationship with our parents closer, which is good for both our families and ourselves. Confucius (孔子), the great Chinese philosopher, believed that filial piety goes beyond just loving your parents. He taught that if everyone is good to their parents, they will also be kind and respectful to others. This kindness can stop fights and bring peace to society. Then we could bring peace to the world. I think this is a brilliant idea. It means that filial piety is not only about loving your parents, but about loving everyone! To me, filial piety is something we should practise for our whole lives. We can show it by being there for our parents when they feel lonely, helping them with housework, or giving money when needed. These actions show true kindness and love. Let’s remember that being good to our parents is not just a duty—it’s also the foundation of better society. 1．What does filial piety mean for teenagers according to the article? A．Fighting with their parents. B．Trying to make their parents happy. C．Asking their parents for everything. D．Doing everything for parents. 2．What do Chinese students usually do to show filial piety? A．Cook for their parents. B．Ask parents to wash their feet. C．Finish their homework by themselves. D．Bring peace to parents. 3．What did Confucius believe? A．We couldn’t bring peace to the world. B．We should only be good to our parents. C．We should love our parents and other people. D．We could argue with others kindly. 4．What does the underlined word “brilliant” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Foolish. B．Great. C．Ordinary. D．Strange. 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a great teacher. B．Students should help parents do housework. C．Filial piety is the most important virtues. D．Human life is a lifelong journey. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂·期中）Dear Mr Hunt, My problem is that I can’t get on with my family. Relations between my parents have become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. It’s the only communication they have. I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead, he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don’t think this is fair. At home I always feel lonely and nervous. Is that normal? What can I do? Sad and Thirteen Dear Sad and Thirteen, It’s not easy being your age, and it’s normal to have these feelings. Why don’t you talk about these feelings with your family? If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication. Secondly, why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. However, he should let you watch your favorite show. I hope things will be better for you soon. Robert Hunt 1．What’s Sad and Thirteen’s problem? A．He can’t get on with his family. B．He doesn’t talk to his parents. C．He can’t watch television. 2．How does he feel at home? A．He always feels lonely and nervous. B．He is angry with his brother. C．He is happy. 3．How does Sad and Thirteen solve his problem? A．He should read more books at home. B．Maybe he could do more jobs around the house so that his parents have more time for proper communication. C．He could go to his friend’s home. 4．What does Sad and Thirteen do when his elder brother refuses him to watch TV? A．He should sit down and communicate with his brother. B．He doesn’t talk to his elder brother. C．He tells his parents and fights with his brother. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河北石家庄·期中）Our parents are important people in our life. They are our first teachers in our life. They love us and help us all the time. But do you want to get on well with them? Here are some ways to help you to be happy with your parents. Have fun together How much time do you spend just enjoying being with each other? Ask your parents to play with you. Go outside together, try some sports or go to the movies. Be kind Little things may bring a lot to your parents. Make a meal for them by yourself and that makes your parents happy. Ask for help When you are in trouble or come across some sad things, you can ask your parents for help and advice. They will be happy to listen to you and help you. Have a try You don’t have to be the best, but you need to have a try. They will be happy to see you have the courage to make your dream come true. It lets them know they’re doing a good job in helping you grow up. 1．Why are our parents important persons for us? A．They teach us first in class. B．They love us sometimes. C．They always give us a hand. D．They are happy all the time. 2．How do you have fun with your parents? A．Read a book together. B．Help with housework. C．Tell them funny things. D．Go outside together. 3．The underlined word “courage” means ________ in Chinese. A．勇气 B．信心 C．力量 D．机会 4．How many ways did the writer offer? A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four 4．The best title for this passage is ________. A．How to Love and Teach Kids B．How to Talk with Your Parents C．How to Keep Happy with Your Parents D．How to Try to Be the Best of Yourself 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·湖北武汉·月考）The Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2025, “parasocial”, made me think of my college years. When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers and late-night discussions about the meaning of life. But social life at my college was full of loud parties, not late-night discussions. Worse, it was a school in the American South with a different set of cultural expectations. Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in. It was a lonely time. Reading the work of people who seemed to care about the same things I did helped me feel better. “Insist on yourself (坚持自我),” Ralph Waldo Emerson advised. “Never imitate (仿效).” I could almost feel his hand on my shoulder as I stood apart from my schoolmates. I talked with other students, of course. But so often, I felt as if they could never be my friends. With friends, I imagined, there must be a real meeting of minds. Friendships come in many forms. It’s simply easier to find people who share our ideas in books and movies than in the small circle of people nearby. After all, it’s a bigger world out there. We can easily find all sorts of people writing or being written about, photographing or being photographed. We may find people we really admire, who are better-looking or smarter than anyone we know personally. It is easy to want to make friends with the characters in books and movies. Today, though, there is another choice for people who have difficulty forming connections: AI. You can create a friend that you cannot find in real life. AI can take on almost any role. In some ways, it seems like the perfect friend. But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal. We want support from our friends, and they want support from us. We want to share our news and ideas with our friends, and they want to share theirs with us. It’s comforting to know that you’re not alone in having a certain thought or fear. However, it’s also important to provide that comfort for someone else. So, celebrate your admiration for Ralph Waldo Emerson (or Taylor Swift, as the case may be). But don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different. 1．According to the author, when he went to college, he expected to ________. A．become a curious reader B．have close friendships with other book lovers C．develop parasocial friendships with book characters D．discuss the meaning of life with his professors at night 2．We can learn from the article that while in college, the author ________. ① found it challenging to fit in ② avoided talking with other students ③ was interested in attending late-night loud parties ④ formed a parasocial friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．According to the article, parasocial friendships include those with ________. ① AI    ② book characters    ③ movie characters ④ people with similar interests    ⑤ people with different interests A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 4．Which of the following words from the article is the opposite of the underlined word “reciprocal”? A．Real. B．Curious. C．One-sided. D．Comforting. 5．At the end of the article, the author suggests that people ________. A．replace real friends with AI friends B．read more books to discover like-minded friends C．be open to connecting with people who are different D．only make friends with those who share the same interests Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏南通·月考）Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house. They don’t know how to start the conversation again if they don’t talk with their friends for a long time. Many people want to get in touch with old friends, but they are afraid to do so. Psychologists (心理学家) from colleges did a study about how people feel about getting in touch with old friends. The study shows that over 90% of people don’t call their old friends.70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them, and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk to them. Some people even think getting in touch with their old friends is as hard as talking to strangers. Lara Aknin, one of the psychologists, said, “Most people are worried that they have different lifestyles and interests now. But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other. After sharing something new and interesting, they won’t feel embarrassed (尴尬的) at all. Instead, they know each other better.” In fact, if you get in touch with an old friend, you will be surprised to find that he or she is also looking forward to hearing from you. So, why not give your old friend a call? 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers. 2．Why don’t most people want to call their old friends first? A．Because they almost forget their old friends. B．Because they don’t want to trouble their old friends. C．Because they have nothing to say to their old friends. D．Because they don’t care about their old friends at all. 3．What can we learn from Lara Aknin’s words? A．It’s hard to get in touch with old friends. B．We can’t share our things with old friends. C．Differences may help people get close to old friends. D．Most people might have different lifestyles and interests. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．It’s important to have some good friends. B．Be brave to get in touch with your old friends. C．We should make as many new friends as possible. D．Make friends with people who have the same interests. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南开封·期中）How should we keep our friendships? Good friends are very important to us, so it’s important to keep the friendships with others. Here are some useful ways to get along well with friends. Communicate with each other. Communication can help friends get to know each other better. It is common for us to fight with friends because others may not understand us all the time, even our best friends. So we should tell them our ideas and communicate with them more often. Be a good listener. When our friends have problems, we should listen to them first. Do not tell our thoughts and stories all the time. Listening to friends carefully can make them feel that we truly care about them. Being a good listener can also help us understand our friends’ thoughts better. Use “I” statements (陈述). When we want to tell our friends some things, using “I” statements can make our friends listen to our advice easily. It’s better to say “I think” than “You should”. Using “You” statements is terrible as it can make our friends feel that we are instructing (命令) them to do something. 1．How does the writer start Paragraph 1? A．By telling a joke. B．By using a saying. C．By asking a question. D．By showing a fact. 2．Why is communication important in keeping our friendships according to the passage? A．Because it always makes friends listen to us. B．Because it stops us from fighting with others. C．Because it always needs us to share our stories. D．Because it helps friends know each other better. 3．What are the benefits of being a good listener? ①Giving better advice.       ② Making friends feel cared about. ③Making conversations interesting. ④ Helping us understand friends’ thoughts better. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Using “I” statements. B．Using “You” statements. C．Telling our thoughts. D．Fighting with a friend. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Listen to Others’ Ideas B．How to Use “I” Statements C．How to Keep our Friendships D．How to Help Others 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Dear Students, As the mid-term exam is coming, many of you may feel stressed and tired. Here are some useful tips to help you relax and stay healthy during this period. First, make sure to get enough sleep. You should go to bed before 10:30 pm and get at least 8 hours of sleep every night. Lack of sleep will make you tired and affect your study efficiency. Second, do some light exercise every day, such as walking or stretching for 15 to 20 minutes. Exercise can help you relax your body and clear your mind. Finally, talk to your parents or teachers when you feel stressed. They can give you support and help you solve your problems. Follow these tips, and you will be able to relax yourself and do well in the exam. The Students’ Union 1．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To tell students about the mid-term exam. B．To give students tips on relaxing and staying healthy. C．To ask students to study hard for the exam. D．To introduce the Students’ Union. 2．How many hours of sleep should students get every night? A．At least 6 hours. B．At least 7 hours. C．At least 8 hours. D．At least 9 hours. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Students don’t need to exercise during the exam period. B．Parents and teachers can help students with stress. C．The mid-term exam is not important. D．Lack of sleep is good for study. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河北廊坊·期中）Dear Dr. Smith, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m writing to tell you about my recent health problems. Last Monday, while I was playing basketball with my friends, I suddenly felt a sharp pain in my right knee. At first, I didn’t pay much attention to it. I thought it was just a common injury that would get better soon. But the pain didn’t go away. Instead, it got worse. I could hardly walk the next day. I decided to see a doctor. The doctor examined my knee carefully and said I had hurt it badly. He told me to rest for a week and not to do any sports. That made me really sad because I love playing basketball. Now, it’s been several days. The pain is still there, though it’s a bit less painful. I’m worried. Do you think I can start playing basketball again? Thank you very much. Best wishes, David 1．What did the doctor tell David to do? A．Not do any sports for a week. B．Rest for a month. C．Do more sports. D．Do exercise every day. 2．Why is David worried? A．Because the pain is getting worse. B．Because he can’t walk anymore. C．Because the doctor asked him to stop playing basketball forever. D．Because he doesn’t know when he can play basketball again. 3．What is the main purpose (目的) of David’s letter? A．To introduce his favorite sport—basketball. B．To share his experience of seeing a doctor. C．To ask Dr. Smith for advice on his knee problem. D．To show why he dislikes staying at home. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）My name is Joan MacDonald, and I am 75 years old. Five years ago I was overweight. I had to take medicine for high blood pressure and my shoulders really hurt. I often felt so tired that I had difficulty walking up and down stairs. I got emotional (易激动的) easily as well, and I was in great need of a change. My daughter Michelle came to me and offered me the chance to work out with her that winter. I would be taking part in an online group with other women who were all working to change their habits and take the best possible care of themselves. With the help of Michelle and the team of women, I learned how to use an iPhone for the first time in my life. It was unbelievably hard work, and there were many days when I was in tears (眼泪) but I never gave up. I renewed my gym membership (健身房会员), created balanced meals, moved around with confidence in the gym and I understood the importance of lifting heavy weights. I don’t expect my changes to be very quick. I will go at my own speed. I think it’s human nature to wonder if we are on the right way or not, especially on a long trip. With the months flying by, I could see that we were all changing. My confidence in the gym was growing. We were all cheering each other on. I’m now five years into my journey. I can honestly say that I am a different woman than I was when I started out. I really enjoy meeting other women and men who also want to live a healthier way of life. If you wish to get your health improved, I can tell you that it is not an easy journey to go on. However, it is well worth it. I hope my story can give you the confidence. 1．What made the writer realize she had to change? A．The help of her daughter. B．Her own poor health. C．Her friends’ encouragement. D．The modern technology. 2．Many days the writer cried because ________. A．she couldn’t use her iPhone well B．she got much pain in her shoulders C．her daughter didn’t live together with her D．she had a bad relationship with her friends 3．Which word can best describe how the writer changed? A．Slowly. B．Excitedly. C．Suddenly. D．Easily. 4．What message does the writer try to tell us? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．It’s never too late to make a change. D．One hour today is worth two tomorrow. 话题5 科普知识 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Nature is full of wonders that are waiting for us to discover. One of the most amazing natural wonders is the rainbow. A rainbow usually appears after a rainstorm when the sun comes out. It is a beautiful arc of colors in the sky, including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Many people think that a rainbow is a real object, but it is actually an optical illusion. It is formed when sunlight passes through water droplets in the air. The water droplets act like small prisms, breaking the sunlight into different colors. The angle between the sun, the water droplets and the observer’s eyes determines whether we can see a rainbow. Rainbows can be seen in many places, such as after a rain shower in the morning or afternoon. They are more likely to appear when the sun is low in the sky, usually before 10 am or after 4 pm. Sometimes, we can see a double rainbow, which has two arcs. The outer arc is lighter and has the colors in reverse order. Rainbows are not only beautiful but also have special meanings in different cultures. In many cultures, rainbows are seen as a symbol of hope and good luck. They remind us of the beauty of nature and the importance of protecting our environment. 1．When does a rainbow usually appear? A．Before a rainstorm. B．During a rainstorm. C．After a rainstorm when the sun comes out. D．On a sunny day with no rain. 2．What is a rainbow actually? A．A real object in the sky. B．An optical illusion. C．A type of cloud. D．A reflection of the sun on the ground. 3．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．The colors of a rainbow. B．How a rainbow is formed. C．When and where we can see a rainbow. D．The meaning of a rainbow in different cultures. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Rainbows are easy to see at noon. B．A double rainbow has the same color order as a normal rainbow. C．Rainbows have different meanings in different cultures. D．Water droplets are not important for forming a rainbow. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中） January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can solve math problems, write code (代码) and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8 points, slightly higher than OpenAI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $10 instead of $300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $65 billion more on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 9．DeepSeek-R1 can do all the following EXCEPT ________. A．solve math problems B．write computer code C．replace human scientists D．answer questions 1．What makes DeepSeek-R1 different from other AIs in learning methods? A．It needs more prepared examples. B．It improves by itself through practice. C．It can only solve math problems. D．It requires expensive computers. 2．Why are U.S. tech companies like Meta worried about DeepSeek-R1? A．Because it is too expensive. B．Because it performs worse than their AIs. C．Because only Chinese people can use it. D．Because it is cheap and open-source, changing the AI competition. 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．“The High Cost of AI Development” B．“DeepSeek-R1: A Smart and Free AI” C．“Why U.S. Tech Companies Are Worried” D．“How to Build an AI Like GPT-4” Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中）When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it hard to get enough sleep. We all know that not getting enough sleep is bad for our health. But some research (研究) found that less sleep could even cause you to have fewer friends. According to researchers from the University of California, people who don’t get enough sleep are less willing (adj.乐意，愿意) to socialize (v.社交) with others. They are simply too tired to go out. The researchers did a small study. They tested 18 young people who just had a good night’s sleep and then tested them again after a sleepless night. The participants (n.被试者) watched videos of people with neutral (adj.中性的) expressions walking toward them. When the person on the video got too “close” to them, they pushed a button (n.按钮) to stop the video, which recorded how close they allowed the person to get. The results showed that people kept the person at a distance of 60 percent further back if they didn’t get enough sleep. They felt that their personal space was being invaded (侵占). But when the participants got a good night’s sleep, they allowed the person to get much closer to them. According to lead researcher Matthew Walker, the less sleep you get, the less you want to socialize with others. In turn, other people may think you are weird (adj.奇怪的) and stay away from you. This can make you feel lonely and cause you to sleep even less. It becomes a vicious cycle (n.恶性循环). So if you want to be a more sociable (adj.善于社交的) and popular person, sleeping well might help. “One night of good sleep makes you feel more outgoing and socially confident,” said Walker. 1．“When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it hard to get enough sleep.” What does this sentence mean? A．Students are too busy with their schoolwork. B．Students have too much stress to go to sleep. C．Students are not allowed to get enough sleep by their teachers and parents. D．Students are too busy with their schoolwork to have enough time to sleep. 2．Researchers from the University of California believe that less sleep ______. A．makes school life harder B．is good for one’s health C．makes people less sociable D．causes people to become nervous 3．How did the researchers prove (v.证明) their point? A．They did a study of 18 young people. B．They watched videos of sleepy people. C．They interviewed people on the street.     D．They invited people to play a game. 4．Where can you read this article? A．A comic book. B．A sport magazine. C．A science report. D．A guide book. 话题6 文化差异 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·月考）Three people were sitting around a table in a restaurant in Brazil. How much do you think each of them tipped? The Briton asked, “It’s common to tip 10 percent, right?” The American man cried, “Oh, I was planning to leave 20 percent!” The Chinese woman asked, “What’s a tip ?” Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States. There, it is common to tip about 15 to 20 percent of the bill. Usually, people give tips to a waiter or waitress. The US tops the list of tipping-waiters and waitresses are expecting to get 15-20 percent of the bill. So if you order $100 in food, you are expected to pay your waiter at least $15, making your payment $115 in all. Why is this? Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that. Some states pay their servers only $2.13 per hour. It is not just for waiters, either. Hotel workers, hairdressers and taxi drivers also expect tips. Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture. If you try to give a waiter or waitress money, you may actually upset him or her. 1．What did the Chinese woman mean? A．She didn’t want to give any tip. B．She believed tipping should be little. C．She thought 20 percent was not enough. D．She didn’t know anything about tipping. 2．Why is tipping a big deal in the United States? A．Because it is not a tradition for servers to get payment. B．Because waiters and waitresses get very low wages. C．Because the US sets a minimum wage for every person. D．Because there are too many serving jobs in the US. 3．Which country does not have a culture of tipping? A．Britain B．Indonesia C．Thailand D．Japan 4．What is the story mainly about? A．How Americans eat out. B．Tipping culture worldwide. C．Why high tips are expected. D．Shared service traditions. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·月考）Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset (不安的) if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you. Sometimes they just can’t afford to do so. Dinner parties usually start between 7 p. m. and 8 p. m. and end at about 11 p. m. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It’s polite to bring flowers, a box of chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift. Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be extra polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember: it’s not polite to ask how much things cost. In many families, the host sits at one end of the table and the hostess sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small. Then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert (甜点), followed by coffee. It’s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want. Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thank-you letter. British and American people like to say “thank you” all the time! 1．It’s impolite to _________. A．ask about the price of a certain thing B．say “thank you” to hosts C．take a gift with you when you are invited to dinner D．eat up everything on your plate 2．The meal usually ends with _________. A．soup B．coffee C．meat or fish D．dessert 3．When you are invited to a dinner party, you’d better _________. A．ask what time you should arrive B．take your wife with you C．drink as much as possible D．eat a lot of snacks 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The hosts like the people who sit closer to them. B．The hosts like the people who ask them time, price, age, etc. C．The host and the hostess usually sit together. D．You can call your hosts the next day or write a letter of thanks after that. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·月考）“Can I have a glass of hot water?” This is a very common question in a restaurant. For many Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. But this habit is like a mystery to people from other countries. For many Westerners, the idea of drinking hot water is very strange. But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy. Chinese doctors are asking more people to take on the habit of drinking hot water, especially for women. But in Western countries, drinking hot water isn’t common. Westerners often have drinks with ice, not just on hot days but almost every day. There is a story about an Englishman, who worked in Beijing for over five years. He visited a café when going back to England. He asked for a glass of hot water in a British accent. But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café. Westerners want to know why Chinese drink hot water as Chinese want to know why Westerners drink cold water. This cultural difference is not an easy problem, but related to (与……有关联) history, culture and science. Many young people now drink bottled water every day. With the young people growing up, will drinking hot water become a less popular life habit? Who knows? 1．What do Chinese think of drinking icy water from the passage? A．Common and healthy. B．Strange but healthy. C．Common but unhealthy. D．Strange and unhealthy. 2．The underlined part in the fourth paragraph means other people in the café ____. A．were angry at the man's requirement B．followed the example of the man C．thought the man’s requirement was strange D．were interested in the man’s requirement 3．What would be the best title for the text? A．Healthy Life Habits B．Different Drinking Habits C．How to Drink Water D．Drinking Hot Water in China $ 专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校活动 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 话题2 亲子关系 1．B 2．A 3．C 5．B 6．C 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 1．C 2．D 3．A 5．D 6．C 话题3 友谊 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 话题4 运动与健康 1．B 3．C 3．B 1．A 2．D 3．C 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 话题5 科普知识 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 题型6 文化差异 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 1．D 2．C 3．B 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1 学校活动 话题4 运动与健康（常考点） 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题5 科普知识 话题3 友谊（常考点） 话题6 文化差异（常考点） 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 学校生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·福建泉州·期中） Volunteers (志愿者) needed at TIESHey there, friends, TIES is a fun new program (计划) in our school. It helps students with disabilities (残疾) take part in events, activities, sports, you name it! We want to make sure every student has a great time at school and feels like we’re one big family. If you are in seventh or eighth grade, you can be a volunteer! Being a volunteer is a great way to make new friends and help those in need. If you want to join us, fill out an application (填申请表) on our website www.tiesvolunteer.com! For more information, please e-mail Emma Brown at emma.ties@gmail.com. 1．Who does TIES want to help? A．Students with bad scores. B．Students with disabilities. C．Students from poor families. D．Students with no Mom or Dad. 2．How do volunteers help the students in need? A．They give money to them. B．They cook food for them. C．They help them join in activities. D．They help them with their homework. 3．Which of the following students can join TES? A．Jenny in fourth grade. B．Bella in sixth grade. C．Peter in ninth grade. D．Dave in eighth grade. 4．If you want to know more about TIES, you can _______. A．leave a message online B．send an e-mail C．make a call D．visit Emma Brown 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read this material? A．School life. B．Sports news. C．Ways of teaching. D．Fun classes. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了学校的TIES计划，该计划旨在帮助残疾学生参与各类活动，并招募七、八年级的志愿者，同时提供了申请方式和咨询途径。 1．细节理解题。根据“TIES is a fun new program (计划) in our school. It helps students with disabilities take part in events, activities, sports, you name it!”可知，TIES想要帮助的是残疾学生。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It helps students with disabilities take part in events, activities, sports, you name it!”可知，志愿者通过帮助有需要的学生参与各类活动来提供帮助。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“If you are in seventh or eighth grade, you can be a volunteer!”可知，七、八年级的学生可以加入TIES，戴夫是八年级学生，符合条件。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“For more information, please e-mail Emma Brown at emma.ties@gmail.com.”可知，想要了解更多关于TIES的信息，可以发电子邮件。故选B。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍的是学校里的TIES计划及志愿者招募信息，与学校生活相关，所以很可能在报纸的 “学校生活” 部分读到这篇材料。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·河南平顶山·期中）There are lots of tests in school, like English tests, math tests and running tests. Did you ever hear about a bicycle riding test? Some students in China are having this new test. To make students safe on the roads, some schools are holding bicycle riding tests for students over 12 years old. The schools also give classes about traffic rules. Students can learn to ride a bicycle with the help of their teachers. The test includes (包括) riding skills, such as the moves of getting on and off, making 90 degrees (度) turn, passing through a narrow (窄的) road, riding on the path in the shape of S and stopping suddenly. Once they pass the test, they will get a “riding license (许可证)”. Many students ride to school in China. Most students and parents welcome this new test. Schools in Shanghai first asked their students over 12 to take a “riding license” about 10 years ago. Students can’t go to school by bicycle without a license. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案，并将其标号填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1．The new test is a (an) ________. A．English test B．math test C．running test D．bicycle riding test 2．Who have to take part in bicycle riding tests in some schools? A．Students under 10 years old. B．Students under 12 years old. C．Students over 10 years old. D．Students over 12 years old. 3．If you want to pass the test, you need to have the following skills EXCEPT________. A．making 60 degrees turn B．the moves of getting on and off C．passing through a narrow road D．riding on the path in the shape of S 4．How does the writer lead into (导入) the topic “bicycle riding test”? A．By telling a joke. B．By making a survey. C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying. 5．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在学校除了学科考试还有自行车考试。 1．细节理解题。根据“Did you ever hear about a bicycle riding test? Some students in China are having this new test.”可知，新的考试是自行车考试。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“To make students safe on the roads, some schools are holding bicycle riding tests for students over 12 years old.”可知，年满12周岁的学生要参加自行车考试。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The test includes (包括) riding skills, such as the moves of getting on and off, making 90 degrees (度) turn, passing through a narrow (窄的) road, riding on the path in the shape of S and stopping suddenly.”可知，考试要通过90度转弯，不是60度转弯，A项表述错误。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Did you ever hear about a bicycle riding test?”可知，作者是通过问问题来引入主题的。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。根据文章第一段可知，通过问问题来引出主题；第二段介绍自行车考试的要点，第三段介绍家长对这个考试的态度，第四段介绍这个考试在上海的情况，结构为“总——分”。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·山西吕梁·期中） Subject: School TripsHey everyone! How’s it going? Do you have school trips? They’re super common in schools worldwide! The main goals (目标) of these trips are as follows. 1. Educational observation (e. g., visiting museums or science centers) 2. Non-experimental research (e. g., studying nature in forests) 3. Giving students real-life experiences (e.g., community service) We surveyed 100 students in our school about their trips. Here’s what they said. Like (63%)                    Dislike (25%)            Don’t mind (12%) √Learn useful things             ×A waste of time             Depends on the trip √Make new friends             ×Too boring                 Not sure√Understand teamwork better     ×Too many strict rules Some extra opinions from students: ●“I loved the zoo trip! We wrote reports about animals. The trip was fun and educational!”—Jake (Grade 8) ●“The history museum trip was tiring. We just walked and listened for hours!”—Mia (Grade 7) ●“Rules are important, but teachers shouldn’t treat us like little kids.”—Ryan (Grade 9) What about YOU? Do you enjoy school trips? Why? Share your coolest (or worst) trip story! Looking forward to your replies! 1．How many main goals of school trips are mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Two. B．Three C．Four. 2．How many students don’t mind school trips in this survey? A．12. B．25. C．63. 3．Why do the students like school trips according to the survey? A．Because they can get away from schoolwork completely. B．Because they don’t need to follow strict rules. C．Because they can learn useful things and make new friends. 4．What may Jake think of school trips? A．Tiring and boring. B．Fun and educational. C．Important and strict. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Ryan doesn’t think rules are important. B．More than half of the students think school trips are boring. C．Here are three reasons why students dislike school trips. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文围绕学校旅行展开，先讲学校旅行的3个主要目标，接着是对100名学生的调查结果63%喜欢、25%不喜欢、12%无所谓，及对应原因，还有学生额外观点，最后邀请大家分享自己的学校旅行故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The main goals (目标) of these trips are as follows. 1. Educational observation... 2. Non-experimental research... 3. Giving students real-life experiences...”可知，提到了3个学校旅行的主要目标。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“We surveyed 100 students in our school about their trips. Don’t mind (12%)”可知，100×12%=12，12名学生不介意学校旅行。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Like (63%) √Learn useful things √Make new friends √Understand teamwork better”可知，学生喜欢学校旅行是因为能学到有用的东西、交新朋友等。故选C。 4．观点态度题。根据“‘I loved the zoo trip! We wrote reports about animals. The trip was fun and educational!’—Jake (Grade 8)”可知，杰克认为学校旅行有趣又有教育意义。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Dislike (25%) ×A waste of time ×Too boring ×Too many strict rules”可知，提到了3个学生不喜欢学校旅行的原因。故选C。 话题2 亲子关系 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·广东深圳·期中）We have a saying that “filial piety (孝敬) is the most important of all virtues (美德).” This shows how important it is for Chinese people to respect and take care of their parents. In China, filial piety has been a key value for thousands of years, shaping how families live and how society works. Our parents do so much for us. They feed us, take care of us, and teach us right from wrong. It’s only natural that we should feel grateful and want to repay them for their love and care. For teenagers, filial piety means trying to make parents happy, whether it’s through small actions or bigger efforts. In China, students often express filial piety in meaningful ways. For example, they help wash their parents’ feet, cook meals for them, or write heartfelt thank-you cards. These small gestures may seem simple, but they carry deep love and thankfulness. By doing these things, we make our relationship with our parents closer, which is good for both our families and ourselves. Confucius (孔子), the great Chinese philosopher, believed that filial piety goes beyond just loving your parents. He taught that if everyone is good to their parents, they will also be kind and respectful to others. This kindness can stop fights and bring peace to society. Then we could bring peace to the world. I think this is a brilliant idea. It means that filial piety is not only about loving your parents, but about loving everyone! To me, filial piety is something we should practise for our whole lives. We can show it by being there for our parents when they feel lonely, helping them with housework, or giving money when needed. These actions show true kindness and love. Let’s remember that being good to our parents is not just a duty—it’s also the foundation of better society. 1．What does filial piety mean for teenagers according to the article? A．Fighting with their parents. B．Trying to make their parents happy. C．Asking their parents for everything. D．Doing everything for parents. 2．What do Chinese students usually do to show filial piety? A．Cook for their parents. B．Ask parents to wash their feet. C．Finish their homework by themselves. D．Bring peace to parents. 3．What did Confucius believe? A．We couldn’t bring peace to the world. B．We should only be good to our parents. C．We should love our parents and other people. D．We could argue with others kindly. 4．What does the underlined word “brilliant” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Foolish. B．Great. C．Ordinary. D．Strange. 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a great teacher. B．Students should help parents do housework. C．Filial piety is the most important virtues. D．Human life is a lifelong journey. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文阐述了孝道在中国文化中的核心地位，强调孝敬父母不仅是传统美德，更是构建和谐家庭与社会的基础，并通过具体事例和孔子思想说明孝道的深远意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“For teenagers, filial piety means trying to make parents happy”可知，对青少年来说孝道意味着努力让父母开心。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“they help wash their parents’ feet, cook meals for them, or write heartfelt thank-you cards”可知，中国学生通常会为通过为父母洗脚，为父母做饭或者写衷心的感谢卡来表达孝道。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Confucius (孔子), the great Chinese philosopher, believed that filial piety goes beyond just loving your parents. He taught that if everyone is good to their parents, they will also be kind and respectful to others.”可知孔子认为孝道不仅限于爱父母，还应推及他人。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“This kindness can stop fights and bring peace to society. Then we could bring peace to the world. I think this is a brilliant idea.”的积极语境，可推断“brilliant”意为“极好的”，和“Great”同义。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读文章可知全文围绕“孝道是最重要的美德”展开，首段直接点明主题，后文通过具体事例和孔子思想进行论证。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·山东临沂·期中）Dear Mr Hunt, My problem is that I can’t get on with my family. Relations between my parents have become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. It’s the only communication they have. I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead, he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don’t think this is fair. At home I always feel lonely and nervous. Is that normal? What can I do? Sad and Thirteen Dear Sad and Thirteen, It’s not easy being your age, and it’s normal to have these feelings. Why don’t you talk about these feelings with your family? If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication. Secondly, why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. However, he should let you watch your favorite show. I hope things will be better for you soon. Robert Hunt 1．What’s Sad and Thirteen’s problem? A．He can’t get on with his family. B．He doesn’t talk to his parents. C．He can’t watch television. 2．How does he feel at home? A．He always feels lonely and nervous. B．He is angry with his brother. C．He is happy. 3．How does Sad and Thirteen solve his problem? A．He should read more books at home. B．Maybe he could do more jobs around the house so that his parents have more time for proper communication. C．He could go to his friend’s home. 4．What does Sad and Thirteen do when his elder brother refuses him to watch TV? A．He should sit down and communicate with his brother. B．He doesn’t talk to his elder brother. C．He tells his parents and fights with his brother. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇书信，文章主要讲述了Sad and Thirteen向Robert Hunt倾诉自己与家人相处困难的问题，以及Robert Hunt给出的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.”可知，Sad and Thirteen的问题是和家人相处不好。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“At home I always feel lonely and nervous.”可知，在家里他总是感到孤独和紧张。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.”可知，Robert Hunt建议他可以多做些家务，这样他们就有更多时间进行适当的交流。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“Secondly, why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother?”可知，Robert Hunt建议他坐下来和哥哥交流。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河北石家庄·期中）Our parents are important people in our life. They are our first teachers in our life. They love us and help us all the time. But do you want to get on well with them? Here are some ways to help you to be happy with your parents. Have fun together How much time do you spend just enjoying being with each other? Ask your parents to play with you. Go outside together, try some sports or go to the movies. Be kind Little things may bring a lot to your parents. Make a meal for them by yourself and that makes your parents happy. Ask for help When you are in trouble or come across some sad things, you can ask your parents for help and advice. They will be happy to listen to you and help you. Have a try You don’t have to be the best, but you need to have a try. They will be happy to see you have the courage to make your dream come true. It lets them know they’re doing a good job in helping you grow up. 1．Why are our parents important persons for us? A．They teach us first in class. B．They love us sometimes. C．They always give us a hand. D．They are happy all the time. 2．How do you have fun with your parents? A．Read a book together. B．Help with housework. C．Tell them funny things. D．Go outside together. 3．The underlined word “courage” means ________ in Chinese. A．勇气 B．信心 C．力量 D．机会 4．How many ways did the writer offer? A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four 4．The best title for this passage is ________. A．How to Love and Teach Kids B．How to Talk with Your Parents C．How to Keep Happy with Your Parents D．How to Try to Be the Best of Yourself 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何和父母愉快相处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our parents are important people in our life. They are our first teachers in our life. They love us and help us all the time.”可知，父母重要是因为他们一直帮助我们。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Have fun together”部分中的“Ask your parents to play with you. Go outside together, try some sports or go to the movies.”可知，和父母一起玩乐的方式包括“一起外出”。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Have a try”部分中的“They will be happy to see you have the courage to make your dream come true”可知，此处指实现梦想需要“敢于尝试”的勇气，划线单词courage意为“勇气”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者分别以“Have fun together”“Be kind”“Ask for help”“Have a try”提出了4种与父母愉快相处的方法。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“But do you want to get on well with them? Here are some ways to help you to be happy with your parents.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何和父母愉快相处。所以C选项符合文章大意，故选C。 话题3 友谊 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·湖北武汉·月考）The Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2025, “parasocial”, made me think of my college years. When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers and late-night discussions about the meaning of life. But social life at my college was full of loud parties, not late-night discussions. Worse, it was a school in the American South with a different set of cultural expectations. Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in. It was a lonely time. Reading the work of people who seemed to care about the same things I did helped me feel better. “Insist on yourself (坚持自我),” Ralph Waldo Emerson advised. “Never imitate (仿效).” I could almost feel his hand on my shoulder as I stood apart from my schoolmates. I talked with other students, of course. But so often, I felt as if they could never be my friends. With friends, I imagined, there must be a real meeting of minds. Friendships come in many forms. It’s simply easier to find people who share our ideas in books and movies than in the small circle of people nearby. After all, it’s a bigger world out there. We can easily find all sorts of people writing or being written about, photographing or being photographed. We may find people we really admire, who are better-looking or smarter than anyone we know personally. It is easy to want to make friends with the characters in books and movies. Today, though, there is another choice for people who have difficulty forming connections: AI. You can create a friend that you cannot find in real life. AI can take on almost any role. In some ways, it seems like the perfect friend. But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal. We want support from our friends, and they want support from us. We want to share our news and ideas with our friends, and they want to share theirs with us. It’s comforting to know that you’re not alone in having a certain thought or fear. However, it’s also important to provide that comfort for someone else. So, celebrate your admiration for Ralph Waldo Emerson (or Taylor Swift, as the case may be). But don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different. 1．According to the author, when he went to college, he expected to ________. A．become a curious reader B．have close friendships with other book lovers C．develop parasocial friendships with book characters D．discuss the meaning of life with his professors at night 2．We can learn from the article that while in college, the author ________. ① found it challenging to fit in ② avoided talking with other students ③ was interested in attending late-night loud parties ④ formed a parasocial friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3．According to the article, parasocial friendships include those with ________. ① AI    ② book characters    ③ movie characters ④ people with similar interests    ⑤ people with different interests A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 4．Which of the following words from the article is the opposite of the underlined word “reciprocal”? A．Real. B．Curious. C．One-sided. D．Comforting. 5．At the end of the article, the author suggests that people ________. A．replace real friends with AI friends B．read more books to discover like-minded friends C．be open to connecting with people who are different D．only make friends with those who share the same interests 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述作者大学时难以融入集体，形成准社交友谊，并对比其与真实友谊，建议人们敞开心扉交友。 1．第一段提到“When I went to college, I expected to have the kind of social experiences I had seen in some old movies: close friendships with curious readers”，说明作者期望和爱书的人建立亲密友谊。 2．第一段指出“Northern kids like me had a hard time fitting in.”，说明作者难以融入，对应①；第二段写到作者从Ralph Waldo Emerson的文字中获得陪伴，属于准社交友谊，对应④。 3．文中提到人们会和书中、电影中的角色交友，还可以通过AI创造朋友，这些都属于准社交友谊，由此确定①②③正确。 4．第四段提到“But these parasocial friendships are always one-sided. Real friendships are reciprocal.”，两句话形成对比，可知one‑sided是reciprocal的反义词。 5．最后一段建议“don’t be afraid to have lunch with someone who celebrates their admiration for someone completely different”，说明作者建议人们主动接触不同的人。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏南通·月考）Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house. They don’t know how to start the conversation again if they don’t talk with their friends for a long time. Many people want to get in touch with old friends, but they are afraid to do so. Psychologists (心理学家) from colleges did a study about how people feel about getting in touch with old friends. The study shows that over 90% of people don’t call their old friends.70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them, and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk to them. Some people even think getting in touch with their old friends is as hard as talking to strangers. Lara Aknin, one of the psychologists, said, “Most people are worried that they have different lifestyles and interests now. But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other. After sharing something new and interesting, they won’t feel embarrassed (尴尬的) at all. Instead, they know each other better.” In fact, if you get in touch with an old friend, you will be surprised to find that he or she is also looking forward to hearing from you. So, why not give your old friend a call? 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers. 2．Why don’t most people want to call their old friends first? A．Because they almost forget their old friends. B．Because they don’t want to trouble their old friends. C．Because they have nothing to say to their old friends. D．Because they don’t care about their old friends at all. 3．What can we learn from Lara Aknin’s words? A．It’s hard to get in touch with old friends. B．We can’t share our things with old friends. C．Differences may help people get close to old friends. D．Most people might have different lifestyles and interests. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．It’s important to have some good friends. B．Be brave to get in touch with your old friends. C．We should make as many new friends as possible. D．Make friends with people who have the same interests. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文指出人们转学或搬家后，与朋友联系变得困难，很多人想联系老朋友却不敢。心理学家给出相关的研究结果。 1．细节理解题。根据“Getting in touch with friends is difficult after people change schools or move house.”可知，是陈述一个事实来引出话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“70% of them don’t want to call their friends first, because they worry that their old friends won’t want to hear from them, and maybe their old friends are too busy to talk to them.”可知，大多数人不愿先联系老朋友是因为不想打扰他们。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Lara Aknin ... said, ‘Most people are worried that they have different lifestyles and interests now. But these differences can be helpful for people to get close to each other.’”可知，差异可能帮助人们和老朋友亲近。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“So, why not give your old friend a call?”可知，作者想告诉我们要勇敢联系老朋友。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·河南开封·期中）How should we keep our friendships? Good friends are very important to us, so it’s important to keep the friendships with others. Here are some useful ways to get along well with friends. Communicate with each other. Communication can help friends get to know each other better. It is common for us to fight with friends because others may not understand us all the time, even our best friends. So we should tell them our ideas and communicate with them more often. Be a good listener. When our friends have problems, we should listen to them first. Do not tell our thoughts and stories all the time. Listening to friends carefully can make them feel that we truly care about them. Being a good listener can also help us understand our friends’ thoughts better. Use “I” statements (陈述). When we want to tell our friends some things, using “I” statements can make our friends listen to our advice easily. It’s better to say “I think” than “You should”. Using “You” statements is terrible as it can make our friends feel that we are instructing (命令) them to do something. 1．How does the writer start Paragraph 1? A．By telling a joke. B．By using a saying. C．By asking a question. D．By showing a fact. 2．Why is communication important in keeping our friendships according to the passage? A．Because it always makes friends listen to us. B．Because it stops us from fighting with others. C．Because it always needs us to share our stories. D．Because it helps friends know each other better. 3．What are the benefits of being a good listener? ①Giving better advice.       ② Making friends feel cared about. ③Making conversations interesting. ④ Helping us understand friends’ thoughts better. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Using “I” statements. B．Using “You” statements. C．Telling our thoughts. D．Fighting with a friend. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Listen to Others’ Ideas B．How to Use “I” Statements C．How to Keep our Friendships D．How to Help Others 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过沟通技巧、倾听方法和"I"式表达三方面，阐述维护友谊的有效方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“How should we keep our friendships?”可知，作者是以问题来开启第一段的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Communication can help friends get to know each other better.”可知，交流在维护友谊过程中之所以重要是因为交流能帮助朋友们更好地了解彼此。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Listening to friends carefully can make them feel that we truly care about them. Being a good listener can also help us understand our friends’ thoughts better.”可知，当一个好的倾听者的好处是能让朋友感受到真诚的关怀，同时帮助我们更深入理解其想法，②④符合。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Using “You” statement is terrible as it can make our friends feel that we are instructing (命令) them to do something.”可知，因为“你”式表达会让人感觉被命令，效果极差，所以此处代词指代的是Using “You” statement。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过沟通技巧、倾听方法和"I"式表达三方面，阐述维护友谊的有效方式。故选C。 话题4 运动与健康 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Dear Students, As the mid-term exam is coming, many of you may feel stressed and tired. Here are some useful tips to help you relax and stay healthy during this period. First, make sure to get enough sleep. You should go to bed before 10:30 pm and get at least 8 hours of sleep every night. Lack of sleep will make you tired and affect your study efficiency. Second, do some light exercise every day, such as walking or stretching for 15 to 20 minutes. Exercise can help you relax your body and clear your mind. Finally, talk to your parents or teachers when you feel stressed. They can give you support and help you solve your problems. Follow these tips, and you will be able to relax yourself and do well in the exam. The Students’ Union 1．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To tell students about the mid-term exam. B．To give students tips on relaxing and staying healthy. C．To ask students to study hard for the exam. D．To introduce the Students’ Union. 2．How many hours of sleep should students get every night? A．At least 6 hours. B．At least 7 hours. C．At least 8 hours. D．At least 9 hours. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Students don’t need to exercise during the exam period. B．Parents and teachers can help students with stress. C．The mid-term exam is not important. D．Lack of sleep is good for study. 【答案】1．B 3．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是学生会针对即将到来的期中考试，为学生们提供的关于如何放松和保持健康的建议。 1．文章首段明确提到“Here are some useful tips to help you relax and stay healthy during this period.”，直接表明了文章的目的是给学生提供放松和保持健康的建议。 2．文章第二段明确提到“You should go to bed before 10:30 pm and get at least 8 hours of sleep every night.”，直接说明了学生每晚应至少睡8小时。 3．文章第二段提到“talk to your parents or teachers when you feel stressed. They can give you support and help you solve your problems.”，由此可以推断出父母和老师可以帮助学生们应对压力。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·河北廊坊·期中）Dear Dr. Smith, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m writing to tell you about my recent health problems. Last Monday, while I was playing basketball with my friends, I suddenly felt a sharp pain in my right knee. At first, I didn’t pay much attention to it. I thought it was just a common injury that would get better soon. But the pain didn’t go away. Instead, it got worse. I could hardly walk the next day. I decided to see a doctor. The doctor examined my knee carefully and said I had hurt it badly. He told me to rest for a week and not to do any sports. That made me really sad because I love playing basketball. Now, it’s been several days. The pain is still there, though it’s a bit less painful. I’m worried. Do you think I can start playing basketball again? Thank you very much. Best wishes, David 1．What did the doctor tell David to do? A．Not do any sports for a week. B．Rest for a month. C．Do more sports. D．Do exercise every day. 2．Why is David worried? A．Because the pain is getting worse. B．Because he can’t walk anymore. C．Because the doctor asked him to stop playing basketball forever. D．Because he doesn’t know when he can play basketball again. 3．What is the main purpose (目的) of David’s letter? A．To introduce his favorite sport—basketball. B．To share his experience of seeing a doctor. C．To ask Dr. Smith for advice on his knee problem. D．To show why he dislikes staying at home. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文主要是David写信告知史密斯医生自己上周一打篮球右膝受伤，疼痛加剧后看医生，医生让其休息一周勿运动，几天后疼痛稍减，他担心能否再打篮球。 1．细节理解题。根据“He told me to rest for a week and not to do any sports.”可知，医生告诉David休息一个星期，不要做任何运动。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I’m worried. Do you think I can start playing basketball again?”可知，David担心能否再打篮球。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Do you think I can start playing basketball again?”可知，David写信的主要目的是咨询膝盖问题的建议。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）My name is Joan MacDonald, and I am 75 years old. Five years ago I was overweight. I had to take medicine for high blood pressure and my shoulders really hurt. I often felt so tired that I had difficulty walking up and down stairs. I got emotional (易激动的) easily as well, and I was in great need of a change. My daughter Michelle came to me and offered me the chance to work out with her that winter. I would be taking part in an online group with other women who were all working to change their habits and take the best possible care of themselves. With the help of Michelle and the team of women, I learned how to use an iPhone for the first time in my life. It was unbelievably hard work, and there were many days when I was in tears (眼泪) but I never gave up. I renewed my gym membership (健身房会员), created balanced meals, moved around with confidence in the gym and I understood the importance of lifting heavy weights. I don’t expect my changes to be very quick. I will go at my own speed. I think it’s human nature to wonder if we are on the right way or not, especially on a long trip. With the months flying by, I could see that we were all changing. My confidence in the gym was growing. We were all cheering each other on. I’m now five years into my journey. I can honestly say that I am a different woman than I was when I started out. I really enjoy meeting other women and men who also want to live a healthier way of life. If you wish to get your health improved, I can tell you that it is not an easy journey to go on. However, it is well worth it. I hope my story can give you the confidence. 1．What made the writer realize she had to change? A．The help of her daughter. B．Her own poor health. C．Her friends’ encouragement. D．The modern technology. 2．Many days the writer cried because ________. A．she couldn’t use her iPhone well B．she got much pain in her shoulders C．her daughter didn’t live together with her D．she had a bad relationship with her friends 3．Which word can best describe how the writer changed? A．Slowly. B．Excitedly. C．Suddenly. D．Easily. 4．What message does the writer try to tell us? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．It’s never too late to make a change. D．One hour today is worth two tomorrow. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了75岁的Joan MacDonald在五年前因健康状况不佳决定做出改变，在女儿和一群女性的帮助下，通过健身、合理饮食等方式改善健康状况的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Five years ago I was overweight. I had to take medicine for high blood pressure and my shoulders really hurt. I often felt so tired that I had difficulty walking up and down stairs. I got emotional (易激动的) easily as well, and I was in great need of a change.”可知，作者自身糟糕的健康状况让她意识到必须做出改变，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“With the help of Michelle and the team of women, I learned how to use an iPhone for the first time in my life. It was unbelievably hard work, and there were many days when I was in tears (眼泪) but I never gave up.”可知，作者很多天哭泣是因为她不能很好地使用iPhone，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I don’t expect my changes to be very quick. I will go at my own speed.”以及“With the months flying by, I could see that we were all changing.”可知，作者的改变是缓慢的，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章讲述了75岁的作者通过努力改变自身健康状况的故事，传达出无论年龄多大，做出改变都为时不晚的信息，故选C。 话题5 科普知识 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·河北唐山·期中）Nature is full of wonders that are waiting for us to discover. One of the most amazing natural wonders is the rainbow. A rainbow usually appears after a rainstorm when the sun comes out. It is a beautiful arc of colors in the sky, including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. Many people think that a rainbow is a real object, but it is actually an optical illusion. It is formed when sunlight passes through water droplets in the air. The water droplets act like small prisms, breaking the sunlight into different colors. The angle between the sun, the water droplets and the observer’s eyes determines whether we can see a rainbow. Rainbows can be seen in many places, such as after a rain shower in the morning or afternoon. They are more likely to appear when the sun is low in the sky, usually before 10 am or after 4 pm. Sometimes, we can see a double rainbow, which has two arcs. The outer arc is lighter and has the colors in reverse order. Rainbows are not only beautiful but also have special meanings in different cultures. In many cultures, rainbows are seen as a symbol of hope and good luck. They remind us of the beauty of nature and the importance of protecting our environment. 1．When does a rainbow usually appear? A．Before a rainstorm. B．During a rainstorm. C．After a rainstorm when the sun comes out. D．On a sunny day with no rain. 2．What is a rainbow actually? A．A real object in the sky. B．An optical illusion. C．A type of cloud. D．A reflection of the sun on the ground. 3．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．The colors of a rainbow. B．How a rainbow is formed. C．When and where we can see a rainbow. D．The meaning of a rainbow in different cultures. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Rainbows are easy to see at noon. B．A double rainbow has the same color order as a normal rainbow. C．Rainbows have different meanings in different cultures. D．Water droplets are not important for forming a rainbow. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了彩虹的形成、出现时间、双彩虹现象以及在不同文化中的象征意义。 1．文中第一段“A rainbow usually appears after a rainstorm when the sun comes out.”给出答案。 2．文中第二段“Many people think that a rainbow is a real object, but it is actually an optical illusion.”说明彩虹其实是一种光学错觉。 3．第三段主要讲彩虹可以在哪些地方、什么时间更容易被看到。 4．文中最后一段“Rainbows are not only beautiful but also have special meanings in different cultures.”可以推断出彩虹在不同文化中有不同含义。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中） January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can solve math problems, write code (代码) and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5.58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8 points, slightly higher than OpenAI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $10 instead of $300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $65 billion more on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 9．DeepSeek-R1 can do all the following EXCEPT ________. A．solve math problems B．write computer code C．replace human scientists D．answer questions 1．What makes DeepSeek-R1 different from other AIs in learning methods? A．It needs more prepared examples. B．It improves by itself through practice. C．It can only solve math problems. D．It requires expensive computers. 2．Why are U.S. tech companies like Meta worried about DeepSeek-R1? A．Because it is too expensive. B．Because it performs worse than their AIs. C．Because only Chinese people can use it. D．Because it is cheap and open-source, changing the AI competition. 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．“The High Cost of AI Development” B．“DeepSeek-R1: A Smart and Free AI” C．“Why U.S. Tech Companies Are Worried” D．“How to Build an AI Like GPT-4” 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍中国公司研发的AI模型DeepSeek-R1的特点、低成本、学习方式、开源优势及其在国际上的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“ This smart program can solve math problems, write code ( 代码 ) and answer questions”可知，DeepSeek-R1能做前三项，不能“replace human scientists”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“ but R1 improves by itself.”可知，它的不同之处在于能通过自我练习提升。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“ DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it.”以及“this kind of free AI could change the world”可知，DeepSeek-R1因便宜又开源，影响AI格局，令美企担忧。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了DeepSeek-R1的优势和潜力，B项“DeepSeek-R1: A Smart and Free AI”最贴切。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中）When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it hard to get enough sleep. We all know that not getting enough sleep is bad for our health. But some research (研究) found that less sleep could even cause you to have fewer friends. According to researchers from the University of California, people who don’t get enough sleep are less willing (adj.乐意，愿意) to socialize (v.社交) with others. They are simply too tired to go out. The researchers did a small study. They tested 18 young people who just had a good night’s sleep and then tested them again after a sleepless night. The participants (n.被试者) watched videos of people with neutral (adj.中性的) expressions walking toward them. When the person on the video got too “close” to them, they pushed a button (n.按钮) to stop the video, which recorded how close they allowed the person to get. The results showed that people kept the person at a distance of 60 percent further back if they didn’t get enough sleep. They felt that their personal space was being invaded (侵占). But when the participants got a good night’s sleep, they allowed the person to get much closer to them. According to lead researcher Matthew Walker, the less sleep you get, the less you want to socialize with others. In turn, other people may think you are weird (adj.奇怪的) and stay away from you. This can make you feel lonely and cause you to sleep even less. It becomes a vicious cycle (n.恶性循环). So if you want to be a more sociable (adj.善于社交的) and popular person, sleeping well might help. “One night of good sleep makes you feel more outgoing and socially confident,” said Walker. 1．“When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it hard to get enough sleep.” What does this sentence mean? A．Students are too busy with their schoolwork. B．Students have too much stress to go to sleep. C．Students are not allowed to get enough sleep by their teachers and parents. D．Students are too busy with their schoolwork to have enough time to sleep. 2．Researchers from the University of California believe that less sleep ______. A．makes school life harder B．is good for one’s health C．makes people less sociable D．causes people to become nervous 3．How did the researchers prove (v.证明) their point? A．They did a study of 18 young people. B．They watched videos of sleepy people. C．They interviewed people on the street.     D．They invited people to play a game. 4．Where can you read this article? A．A comic book. B．A sport magazine. C．A science report. D．A guide book. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了睡眠不足会影响人们的社交，并详细介绍了研究人员的研究过程与结果。 1．词句猜测题。根据“When you are busy with your schoolwork, you might find it hard to get enough sleep”可知当你忙于学业时，可能会发现很难获得充足睡眠，即学生太忙于学业，没有足够时间睡觉。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“people who don’t get enough sleep are less willing (adj.乐意，愿意) to socialize (v.社交) with others.”可知，加州大学的研究者认为睡眠减少会让人们变得更不愿社交。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“They tested 18 young people...”可知，研究者通过对18名年轻人进行实验来证明观点。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了睡眠不足会影响人们的社交，并详细介绍了研究人员的研究过程与结果，所以可能在一篇科学报告中读到本文。故选C。 话题6 文化差异 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·月考）Three people were sitting around a table in a restaurant in Brazil. How much do you think each of them tipped? The Briton asked, “It’s common to tip 10 percent, right?” The American man cried, “Oh, I was planning to leave 20 percent!” The Chinese woman asked, “What’s a tip ?” Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States. There, it is common to tip about 15 to 20 percent of the bill. Usually, people give tips to a waiter or waitress. The US tops the list of tipping-waiters and waitresses are expecting to get 15-20 percent of the bill. So if you order $100 in food, you are expected to pay your waiter at least $15, making your payment $115 in all. Why is this? Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that. Some states pay their servers only $2.13 per hour. It is not just for waiters, either. Hotel workers, hairdressers and taxi drivers also expect tips. Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture. If you try to give a waiter or waitress money, you may actually upset him or her. 1．What did the Chinese woman mean? A．She didn’t want to give any tip. B．She believed tipping should be little. C．She thought 20 percent was not enough. D．She didn’t know anything about tipping. 2．Why is tipping a big deal in the United States? A．Because it is not a tradition for servers to get payment. B．Because waiters and waitresses get very low wages. C．Because the US sets a minimum wage for every person. D．Because there are too many serving jobs in the US. 3．Which country does not have a culture of tipping? A．Britain B．Indonesia C．Thailand D．Japan 4．What is the story mainly about? A．How Americans eat out. B．Tipping culture worldwide. C．Why high tips are expected. D．Shared service traditions. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了在世界各国人们给服务员小费的情况。 1．推理判断题。根据“Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States.”可知，在中国给小费不是一种传统，因此那个中国女人的意思是她对给小费一无所知。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that.”可知，给小费在美国是件大事，因为服务员的工资很低。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture.”可知，在日本，没有小费的文化。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture.”可知，本文介绍了全世界的小费文化。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·月考）Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset (不安的) if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you. Sometimes they just can’t afford to do so. Dinner parties usually start between 7 p. m. and 8 p. m. and end at about 11 p. m. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It’s polite to bring flowers, a box of chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift. Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be extra polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember: it’s not polite to ask how much things cost. In many families, the host sits at one end of the table and the hostess sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small. Then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert (甜点), followed by coffee. It’s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want. Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thank-you letter. British and American people like to say “thank you” all the time! 1．It’s impolite to _________. A．ask about the price of a certain thing B．say “thank you” to hosts C．take a gift with you when you are invited to dinner D．eat up everything on your plate 2．The meal usually ends with _________. A．soup B．coffee C．meat or fish D．dessert 3．When you are invited to a dinner party, you’d better _________. A．ask what time you should arrive B．take your wife with you C．drink as much as possible D．eat a lot of snacks 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The hosts like the people who sit closer to them. B．The hosts like the people who ask them time, price, age, etc. C．The host and the hostess usually sit together. D．You can call your hosts the next day or write a letter of thanks after that. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在英国和美国人家中用餐的一些习俗和礼仪，包括如何应对邀请、用餐时间、礼物、餐桌礼仪以及事后的感谢方式等。 1．细节理解题。根据“But remember: it’s not polite to ask how much things cost.”可知，询问某物的价格是不礼貌的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small. Then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert (甜点), followed by coffee.”可知，这顿饭通常以咖啡结束。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ask your hosts what time you should arrive.”可知，当你被邀请参加晚宴时，你最好问一下你应该什么时候到达。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thank-you letter.”可知，你可以在第二天给主人打电话，或者在那之后写一封感谢信。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·江苏苏州·月考）“Can I have a glass of hot water?” This is a very common question in a restaurant. For many Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. But this habit is like a mystery to people from other countries. For many Westerners, the idea of drinking hot water is very strange. But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy. Chinese doctors are asking more people to take on the habit of drinking hot water, especially for women. But in Western countries, drinking hot water isn’t common. Westerners often have drinks with ice, not just on hot days but almost every day. There is a story about an Englishman, who worked in Beijing for over five years. He visited a café when going back to England. He asked for a glass of hot water in a British accent. But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café. Westerners want to know why Chinese drink hot water as Chinese want to know why Westerners drink cold water. This cultural difference is not an easy problem, but related to (与……有关联) history, culture and science. Many young people now drink bottled water every day. With the young people growing up, will drinking hot water become a less popular life habit? Who knows? 1．What do Chinese think of drinking icy water from the passage? A．Common and healthy. B．Strange but healthy. C．Common but unhealthy. D．Strange and unhealthy. 2．The underlined part in the fourth paragraph means other people in the café ____. A．were angry at the man's requirement B．followed the example of the man C．thought the man’s requirement was strange D．were interested in the man’s requirement 3．What would be the best title for the text? A．Healthy Life Habits B．Different Drinking Habits C．How to Drink Water D．Drinking Hot Water in China 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文主要描述的是中国与西方喝水文化习惯的不同。 1．细节理解题。根据“But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy.”可知，中国人觉得喝冰水很奇怪，甚至不健康。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café.”可知，他要一杯热水，结果服务员又吃惊又怀疑地再三确认是不是要来喝的，推测他要热水的要求在咖啡馆里的人看来是一个奇怪的请求，故选C。 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述中国和西方喝水文化的不同，选项B“不同的饮水习惯”符合文章主题。故选B。 $