Unit 3 The world at one click Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林英语八年级下册

年 级：八年级 学 科：英语（译林版） Unit 3 The world at one click (Grammar) 1 Presentation 1. What are the parts of speech of the words in bold? 2. What are the forms of these verbs? And which tense are they used in? They are verbs. Some are verbs in the simple past while some words are past participles. Simple Past Tense Present Perfect Tense Presentation: Differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense Difference 1: Can you make two sentences according to the first difference? He went to the factory last September. He has worked in the factory since last September. • We use the simple past tense to describe what happened in the past. The action is finished. 我们使用一般过去时来描述过去发生的事情，且该动作已经结束。 past present My family moved to Liverpool two years ago. two years ago • We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. 我们使用现在完成时来谈论某动作的结果。 My family has moved to Liverpool. past present (My family lives in Liverpool now.) 重点在于陈述搬到利物浦这一过去发生的事件。 重点在于谈论我们现在还住在利物浦这一结果。 • We use the simple past tense to describe what happened in the past. 我们使用一般过去时来描述过去发生的事情。 past present My dad went to China last month. • We use the present perfect tense to describe how many times an action has happened up to the present. 我们用现在完成时来描述某个动作到目前为止已经发生的次数。 My dad has been to China three times. past present last month 重点在于陈述父亲上个月去过中国这一过去发生的事件。 重点在于谈论父亲去过中国三次(现在对中国比较熟悉)。 Presentation: Differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense Difference 2: Can you make two sentences according to the second difference? He studied in the school 5 years ago. He has already finished his study at his school. We use _________________ tense to describe what happened in the past. We use __________________ tense to talk about: an action that started in the past and continues to the present; the connection between a past action and the present; how many times an action has happened up to the present. the present perfect the simple past 1. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts (宇航员) __________ (return) to the Earth on November 4th, 2024. 2. The train is late. We _______________ (wait) for it at the station since 2 p.m. 3. Your father __________ (drink) too much. He can’t drive now. 4. — Jane, ________ you ever __________ (eat) Chinese dumplings? — Yes. My teacher ________ (make) dumplings for us the other day. 5. — I ________________ (finish) the book report already. What about you, Susan? — Well, I ___________ (finish) it yesterday. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 returned have waited has drunk have eaten have finished finished made Differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense Difference 3: Can you make two sentences according to the third difference? He watched the film last week. He has watched the film twice. simple past present perfect Differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense Simon is talking with Millie about some online visits. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets. A P41 Have tried have seen visited have played has visited has learnt Look and learn. There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. We use the present perfect tense to describe ________________an action has happened__________. My dad has been to China three times. past present how many times till now 我们用现在完成时，用来描述 “到现在为止，某个动作发生的总次数” 。 Presentation Read the second difference and answer the questions. What does the second sentence tell us? It tells us the result of an action which happened in the past. We use ______________ tense to tell what happened in the past. We use ___________________ tense to talk about: an action that started in the past and continues to the present; the result of an action; how many times an action has happened till now. the simple past Work out the rules. We’ve lived in a small flat since we arrived. My family has moved to Liverpool. (My family lives in Liverpool now.) My dad has been to China three times. We moved into a small flat when we arrived. My family moved to Liverpool two years ago. My dad went to China last month. the present perfect Practice Make two sentences according to the second difference. Sentence 1: He studied in the school five years ago. Sentence 2: He has already finished his studies at this school. Work out the rules. My family has moved to Liverpool. (My family lives in Liverpool now.) My dad has been to China three times. We’ve lived in a small flat since we arrived. Tip We often use these time expressions with the present perfect tense: already ; ever ; just ; recently ; (not) yet ; so far ; up to now ; until/till now We moved into a small flat when we arrived. My family moved to Liverpool two years ago. My dad went to China last month. Tip We often use these time expressions with the simple past tense: yesterday ; the other day ; last ... ; ... ago” the simple past the present perfect Read the third difference and answer the questions. What does the first sentence tell us? It tells us what happened in the past.  1.定义 谓语动词用 “动词的过去式”： 规则动词：直接加 “ed”（如：moved、visited、introduced）； 不规则动词：需记忆对应过去式（如：went、brought、saw）。 2. 标志词 表示 “明确的过去时间”：yesterday；the other day；last...（如 last month、last weekend）；...ago（如 two years ago） Work out the rules. the simple past the present perfect Read the third difference and answer the questions. What does the second sentence tell? It tells us how many times the action has happened up to the present. 1. 结构 谓语动词用 “have/has + 动词的过去分词”： 主语是第一 / 二人称、复数：用 “have + 过去分词” ； 主语是第三人称单数：用 “has + 过去分词” ； 过去分词：规则动词加 “ed” 不规则动词需记忆。 2. 标志词 表示 “与现在相关的时间 / 结果”： already；ever；just；recently；(not) yet；so far；up to now；until/till now；since + 过去时间 / 句子（如 since we arrived）；次数短语（如 many times、three times） Work out the rules. the present perfect 二、时态填空(用一般过去时或现在完成时填空。) 1. A: ________ you ________ (see) my pen? I can’t find it. B: Yes, I ________ (see) it on your desk just now. 2. He ________ (live) in Beijing in 2020. He ________ (live) in Beijing for 5 years. 3. They ______________ (not visit) the Great Wall before. They ________ (not visit) the Great Wall last year. 4. ________ you ever ________ (be) to London? When ________ you ________ (go) there? 5. I ________ (read) this book already. I ________ (read) it three days ago. 当堂检测 Have seen saw lived has lived haven’t visited didn’t visit Have been did go have read read Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets. A Read and complete. Millie: Hi, Simon. Some museums offer online tours. (1) ______ you ever ______ (try) one of them? Simon: Yes. I visited the Shaanxi History Museum last weekend. And I also visited the Digital Dunhuang website. I (2) __________ (see) ten caves on it so far. Millie: Nice! I (3) ______ (visit) the website of the Hangzhou Arts and Crafts Museum yesterday. Besides local arts, there are some online games for teenagers. I (4) ____________ (play) one six times so far. It’s interesting! Simon: Online museums are really great! My friend Neil lives in the UK. He hasn’t been to China in person, but he (5) __________ (visit) the Palace Museum online many times. So far, he (6) __________ (learn) a lot about the museum. Have tried have seen visited have played has visited has learned Make two sentences according to the third difference. Sentence 1: He watched the film last week. Sentence 2: He has watched the film twice. Presentation Read the tips on page 40. We often use these time expressions with the present perfect tense: already, ever, just, recently, (not)yet, so far, up to now, until/till now... An Unforgettable Experience 写作要求： (1) 用一般过去时讲一次难忘的经历（时间、地点、经过） (2) 用现在完成时写收获：学到什么、改变了什么 (3) 词数：80–100词 当堂检测 当堂检测 一、篇章语法填空（语境中区分时态） 阅读短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 I 1.__________ (be) very busy recently. I 2.__________ (start) my new job last month. So far, I 3.__________ (make) many new friends. My boss 4.__________ (be) very kind to me. He 5.__________ (give) me a lot of help since I 6.__________ (come) here. I 7.______________ (not finish) my first project yet, but I 8.__________ (finish) half of it last week. I think I 9.__________ (do) well these days. I 10._________________ (never work) so hard before! have been started have made has been / is has given came haven’t finished finished have done have never worked For all: 1. Make a mind-map about simple past tense and present perfect tense. 2. Do the practice For some: Write another article about An Unforgettable Experience Homework $