Unit 1 A Small Change Can Solve the Problems of Many宾语从句（讲+练）-《英语 拓展模块》（外研版2021版）

宾语从句 《英语 拓展模块》（外研版2021版） Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You 语法 Lead in 目录 04 宾语从句的语序 03 引导词的用法 01 基本概念：宾语、宾语从句 02 宾语从句结构 06 检测练习 07 知识小复盘：重点速记卡 05 宾语从句的时态 （动画）邀请你掌握： （动画）学会判断祈使句的方法 （动画）用祈使句发出指令或表达禁止 （动画）区别“祈使句+and+陈述句”和“祈使句+or+陈述句” 3 01 基本概念 什么是宾语？ 例句展示： I like apples. She knows the teacher. They enjoy playing football. 找动词 找“动词的对象” 位置规律 词性规律 结论：宾语就是动作的承受者，通常放在及物动词或介词后面，回答“ 谁 ” 或“ 什么” 的问题。 宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等名词性成分充当。 什么是宾语？ 宾语是动作的承受者，可以由不同语法成分来充当。 1. 名词作宾语 She met the teacher yesterday. 2. 代词作宾语 I don't know him. 3. 动名词作宾语 I enjoy reading books. 4. 动词不定式作宾语 I want to learn English. 什么是宾语从句？ 对比： I know the truth. （名词作宾语） I know that he is honest.（句子作宾语） He said that he would come on time.（句子作宾语） We all know that the earth moves around the sun.（句子作宾语） 结论：在句子中用作宾语的句子，就叫宾语从句。 简单说，就是用一个句子来充当宾语，放在动词或介词后面。 02 宾语从句结构 宾语从句的结构 I believe that she is honest. She asked if I was free. I wonder where he lives. Please tell me what you need. 分析以下句子成分： 先行词是被修饰的名词或代词。 关系词则连接主句和从句，同时在从句中充当成分。也叫引导词。 定语从句的结构 构成：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 which, that, who, whom, whose where, when, why 引导词的用法 03 that 的用法：that在从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接作用，指代人或物。k可省略。 01 I think that she is kind. She said (that) she was happy. We know that the earth moves around the sun. that 02 I don’t know who she is. Can you tell me who broke the window? She asked who you were waiting for. who who的用法：who，“谁” ，who在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，指代人。 whom 的用法：whom是who的宾格形式，在宾语从句中作宾语，指代人。在口语和非正式文体中，常用who代替whom。 03 She asked whom you were talking to. She is the candidate for whom I voted. Can you tell me whom I should contact? whom which 的用法：which在从句中作主语、宾语或定语，指代物，且暗示在有限范围内选择。 04 The house which stands on the hill has a great view. I don’t know which is correct. The movie (which) we watched last night was fantastic. I wonder which she likes. which whose 的用法：whose在宾语从句中充当连接代词，表示“谁的”，在从句中作定语，修饰其后的名词，指代所属关系。 05 I don’t know whose bag this is. She asked whose phone rang. Can you tell me whose idea it was. whose 关系代词总结 引导词 词义 在从句中成分 指代 例句 who 谁 主语/宾语/表语 人 I don’t know who she is. whom 谁 宾语 人 I don’t know whom she invited. whose 谁的 定语 人的所属 I don’t know whose bag this is. which 哪一个 主语/宾语/定语 物 I don’t know which one she chose. that 无意义 不充当成分 人或物 I think that she is right. 1. when的用法： when在宾语从句中充当连接副词，表示“什么时候”，在从句中作时间状语。 I don’t know when she will come. Can you tell me when the meeting starts? She asked when he arrived yesterday. 关系副词when 2. where在宾语从句中充当连接副词，表示“在哪里”，在从句中作地点状语。 I don’t know where she lives. Can you tell me where the nearest station is? She asked where he put the keys. 关系副词where 3. why在宾语从句中充当连接副词，表示“为什么”，在从句中作原因状语。 I don’t know why she is sad. Can you explain why you were late? She asked why he didn’t come to the party. 关系副词why 关系副词总结 引导词 词义 在从句中成分 提问内容 例句 when 什么时候 时间状语 时间 I don’t know when she will come. where 在哪里 地点状语 地点 I don’t know where she lives. why 为什么 原因状语 原因 I don’t know why she is sad. 宾语从句的语序 04 基本概念 She asked why he didn’t come to the party. I wonder where he is now. Do you know why she left early? I think that is she kind. ❌ I don’t know what does he want.❌ She asked if was he free. ❌ 总结：宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序（主语 + 谓语），不能使用疑问句语序。 例句分析 宾语从句的时态 05 1. 规则一：主句为一般现在时，从句时态不受限 Find the rules: I think she is a teacher. I hear that she went to Beijing yesterday. I believe he will come tomorrow. I know that he is reading now. I see that you have finished your work. 时态规则 2. 规则一：主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态 Find the rules: He said he was busy. She told me she was cooking. I knew that he had left. He asked if I would go. 时态规则 3. 规则一：客观真理、事实、格言用一般现在时 Find the rules: The teacher says that the earth goes around the sun. The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. I know that practice makes perfect. He didn’t believe that light travels faster than sound. 时态规则 检测练习 06 单项选择 1. Could you tell me ______? A. where is the nearest bank  B. where the nearest bank is   C. where was the nearest bank  D. where the nearest bank was 2. I don’t know ______ she will come to the party or not. A. that  B. what  C. whether  D. which 3. The teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun. A. moves  B. moved  C. is moving  D. has moved 4. Can you tell me ______? A. who is that man  B. who that man is  C. that who is that man  D. who is that man is 5. She asked me ______ I had finished my homework. A. that  B. what  C. whether  D. which 6. I wonder ______ bag this is. A. who  B. whom  C. whose  D. which 7. He told me that he ______ to Beijing the next week. A. will go  B. would go  C. goes  D. went 8. Do you know ______? A. what does she like  B. what she like  C. what she likes  D. what did she like 9. I don’t know ______ he left so early. A. when  B. where  C. why  D. which 10. She said that she ______ to the museum yesterday. A. goes  B. went  C. will go  D. has gone 参考答案及解析： 1. . 答案：B 解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和C；主句是Could you tell me（一般现在时），从句时态根据实际情况，询问现在的位置，用一般现在时，选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：“or not”提示用whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。whether常与or not连用，if不能与or not直接连用。 3. 答案：A 解析：从句表达的是客观真理（地球围绕太阳转），无论主句什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 4. 答案：B 解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序，who在从句中作表语，正确语序为“who + 主语 + 谓语”。 5. 答案：C 解析：一般疑问句转换为宾语从句，用whether或if引导，表示“是否”。 参考答案及解析： 6. 答案：C 解析：whose在从句中作定语，修饰bag，表示所属关系“谁的”。 7. 答案：B 解析：主句是一般过去时（told），从句要用相应的过去时态。the next week是过去将来时的时间状语，用would go。 8. 答案：C 解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和D；主语she是第三人称单数，动词like加s，选C。 9. 答案：C 解析：根据句意“我不知道他为什么离开那么早”，用why表示原因。 10. 答案：B 解析：主句是一般过去时（said），从句要用相应的过去时态。yesterday是一般过去时的时间状语，用went。 06 知识小复盘：重点速记卡 宾语从句 基本概念 引导词 结构 时态 THANKS $