Unit 7 High Technology Has Really Change现在完成时（讲+练）-《英语 拓展模块》（外研版2021版）

现在完成时 《英语 拓展模块》（外研版） Unit 7 High Technology Has Really Changed 语法 03 动词大变形 04 时态标志词​ 05 即学即练​ 目录 ​ 01 什么是现在完成时？ 02 现在完成时的构成 06 知识小复盘：重点速记卡 2 Lead in 目录 ​ 01 什么是现在完成时？ 4 什么是现在完成时？ e.g. I have lost my keys. (我把钥匙丢了。) —— 含义：强调现在的状况是“ 我进不了家门”或“ 找不到钥匙”。 He hasn't called me yet. (他还没给我打电话。) —— 含义：我在等他电话，但他现在没打来，这是目前的情况。 含义一 表示过去的动作对现在造成影响或结果。 （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 什么是现在完成时？ e.g. They have lived in London for ten years. (他们在伦敦住了十年了。) —— 含义：他们十年前开始住在伦敦，一直住到现在（可能还会继续住下去）。 I haven't seen him since last month. (自上个月以来我就没见过他。) 含义一 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。 （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 目录 02 现在完成时的构成 7 现在完成时的构成 结构 肯定：主语+have/has+过去分词。 否定：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。 eg： She has been a teacher since she graduated from university. (她大学毕业后就当老师了。) I have known her for a long time. (我认识她很久了。) 目录 03 动词大变形 9 动词变化规则 1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加 -ed 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾，直接加-d 3. 以“辅元辅”结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -ed 4. 以辅音字母+y结尾时，变y为i再加ed 动词 过去分词 一、规则变化 规则变化 1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加 -ed work play look worked played looked 规则变化 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾，直接加-d like use dance liked used danced 规则变化 3. 以“辅元辅”结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -ed plan drop prefer regret → planned, → dropprd → preferred → regretted 规则变化 4. 以辅音字母+y结尾时，变y为i再加ed carry study worry carried studied worried 不规则变化 有些动词的过去式和过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆！ 第一类：AAA型 原型 过去式 过去分词 含义 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 切割 hit hit hit 撞击 hurt hurt hurt 伤害 不规则变化 第二类：ABA型 原型 过去式 过去分词 含义 become became become 变得 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 不规则变化 第三类：ABB型 原型 过去式 过去分词 含义 build built built 建造 lend lent lent 借出 send sent sent 发送 spend spent spent 花费(时间/金钱) 不规则变化 第四类：ABC型 原型 过去式 过去分词 含义 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 ring rang rung 铃响 sing sang sung 唱歌 swim swam swum 游泳 目录 04 时态标志词​ 19 一、表示"不确定时间"的标志词 1. ever，曾经（多用于疑问句） 2. never,从未 3. already，已经（用于肯定句） e.g. Have you ever been to Paris? （你去过巴黎吗？） e.g. I have never seen such a beautiful view. （我从未见过这么美的景色。） e.g. She has already finished her work. （她已经完成工作了。） 一、表示"不确定时间"的标志词 标志词 含义 例句 4. yet 已经/还（疑问/否定） Have you done it yet? / I haven't done it yet. 5. just 刚刚 He has just left. （他刚走。） 6. recently 最近 I have recently started learning French. （我最近开始学法语。） 7. lately 近来 Have you seen her lately? （你最近见过她吗？） 二：表示"到目前为止"的标志词 1. so far，up to now，until now （到目前为止） e.g. So far, we have learned 50 new words. （到目前为止，我们学了50个新词。） Up to now, everything has gone well. （直到现在，一切顺利。） I have never trusted him until now. （直到现在我才信任他。） 三：表示"时间段"的标志词 核心特征：常与延续性动词连用，表示动作持续了多久 标志词 含义 例句 for + 时间段 长达... I have lived here for ten years. （我在这儿住了十年。） for a long time 很长时间 We have known each other for a long time. for a while 一段时间 She has been resting for a while. 1. for + 时间段 三：表示"时间段"的标志词 核心特征：常与延续性动词连用，表示动作持续了多久 2. since + 时间点 标志词 含义 例句 since + 具体时间 自从... He has worked here since 2010. since + 一般过去时从句 自从... I have been happy since I met you. since morning 从早上开始 It has rained since morning. since last week 从上星期开始 She has been ill since last week. 四：表示"第几次做某事"的标志词 核心特征：强调到目前为止的次数 标志词 含义 例句 once/twice/three times... 一次/两次/三次... I have read this book three times. several times 几次 We have met several times. many times 很多次 He has told me that many times. the first/second time 第一次/第二次... This is the first time I have eaten sushi. （这是我第一次吃寿司。） It's the best/worst... 这是最...的... It's the best movie I have ever seen. 目录 05 即学即练​ 26 巩固练习 一、完成句子 1. I _______________ (never / eat) sushi before. 2. She _______________ (already / finish) her homework. 3. _______________ you _______________ (ever / visit) the Great Wall? 4. They _______________ (live) in this city since 2015. 5. He _______________ (not / see) his best friend for a long time. 6. We _______________ (just / come) back from the airport. 7. My parents _______________ (be) married for 25 years. 8. How many times _______________ you _______________ (read) that book? 9. I _______________ (not / hear) from him lately. 10. _______________ she _______________ (find) her keys yet? （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 完成句子答案速查 1. . I have never eaten sushi before. 2. She has already finished her homework. 3. Have you ever visited the Great Wall? 4. They have lived in this city since 2015. 5. He has not seen his best friend for a long time. 6. We have just come back from the airport. 7. My parents have been married for 25 years. 8. How many times have you read that book? 9. I have not heard from him lately. 10. Has she found her keys yet? （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 二、单选题 1. I _______________ to Japan twice. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was 2. She _______________ her homework already. A. finish B. has finished C. have finished D. finished 3. _______________ you ever _______________ Thai food? A. Did / eat B. Have / ate C. Have / eaten D. Has / eaten 4. They _______________ in London since 2010. A. live B. have lived C. are living D. lived 5. He _______________ his keys. He can't find them anywhere. A. lose B. losed C. has lost D. have lost （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 二、单选题 6. I _______________ from my brother lately. A. haven't heard B. hasn't heard C. didn't hear D. don't hear 7. _______________ she _______________ the news yet? A. Has / hear B. Have / heard C. Has / heard D. Did / hear 8. We _______________ each other for over ten years. A. know B. have known C. knew D. are knowing 9. This is the best movie I _______________ ever _______________. A. have / seen B. has / seen C. did / see D. was / seeing 10. How many times _______________ you _______________ that book? A. have / read B. has / read C. did / read D. are / reading （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 单选题答案速查 1. B. have been "去过某地已回来"用 have been to，have gone to 表示"去了还没回来" 2. B. has finished 主语 She（三单）→ 用 has，already 是现在完成时标志 3. C. Have / eaten ever 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词，eat → eaten 4. B. have lived since 2010 → 现在完成时，主语 They（复数）→ have lived 5. C. has lost 强调"丢了钥匙"对现在的影响（找不到）→ 现在完成时，主语 He（三单）→ has lost （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 单选题答案速查 6. A. haven't heard lately（近来）→ 现在完成时，主语 I → haven't heard 7. C. Has / heard yet 疑问句：Has/Has + 主语 + 过去分词，主语 she（三单）→ Has，hear → heard 8. B. have known for + 时间段 → 现在完成时，know 是延续性动词，主语 We → have known 9. A. have / seen This is the best...句型后接定语从句用现在完成时：I have ever seen 10. A. have / read How many times 疑问句：have/has + 主语 + 过去分词，主语 you → have read （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 目录 06 知识小复盘：重点速记卡 33 现在完成时 动词变形 含义 构成 时态标志词 一起总结一下今日所学 （动画）判断句子是否为祈使句，需确认其是否： （动画）发出指令 （动画）主语省略 （动画）动词原形开头 （动画）祈使句的肯定形式有三种： （动画）do型 （动画）be型 （动画）let型 （动画）祈使句的否定形式： （动画）don’t + do型/be型/let型 （动画）no+动词ing型 （动画）以及祈使句+and/or+陈述句的用法区别： （动画）照这样做，and结果很美好 （动画）得这样做，or结果不如人意。 今天的内容就到这里。我们下次见。 THANKS $