内容正文:
《英语 基础模块2》
(高教版第三版)
Unit 8 Green Earth
期中复习课件
重点词汇———复习目标
1. 掌握单元核心词汇(如effect ,dustbin ,neighborhood)的词性、词义及变形(如 pollute(v. 污染)→ pollution(n. 污染))
2. 熟练运用高频短语(如not until,
at the same time, garbage sorting 疑等)
重点词汇———考情规律
高频考点多在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空及写作中考查,易因词性混淆(如effect(n. 影响)→ effective(adj. 有效的))、固定搭配记错(如dry up )丢分。
语法知识———复习目标
1. 了解强调句的定义
2. 掌握强调句的结构
3. 掌握强调句的句式变换
语法知识———考情规律
基础必考点,单项选择、语法填空占比高,需注意语境中强调句的结构。
主题应用———复习目标
1. 能运用保护环境的常用句型
2. 理解关于环境保护措施的文章
3. 能以书面的形式来讲述保护环境的措施和影响
主题应用———考情规律
1.常以情景交际题(补全对话)形式考查,写作围绕四大主题展开,需注重语言的得体性与实用性
2.写作题固定围绕单元主题,占分比重较大,需注意内容完整、逻辑清晰及语法正确,避免时态错误、短语搭配不当。
必考知识———核心词汇
protect v. 保护
pollute v.
pollution n. 污染
melt v. 融化
drop v. 迅速下降
effect n. 影响;效果
dustbin n. 垃圾箱
neighborhood n. 街区
recycle v. 回收再利用
treatment n. 处理;治疗
childhood n. 童年
stream n. 小溪
straight adv. 直接
against prep. 映衬;反对
distance n. 距离
realize v. 意识到
必考知识———词汇变形
benefit(v. 有益于)→ benefit(n. 益处)
2. protect(v. 保护)→ protection(n. 保护)
3. pollute(v. 污染)→ pollution(n. 污染)
4. melt(v. 融化)→ melting(n. 融化)
5. effect(n. 影响)→ effective(adj. 有效的)
6. realize(v. 意识到)→ realization(n. 认识;体会)
7. distance(n. 距离)→ distant(adj. 遥远的)
必考知识———短语
garbage sorting 垃圾分类
dry up 干涸
not until 直到……才
at the same time 同时
shared bike 共享单车
即学即练
1.We need to stop people from ______ (pollute) the nearby stream.
2.The ______ (pollution) in this area has become a big problem for local residents.
3.Parents always try their best to ______ (protect) their children from danger.
4.With the temperature rising, the snow on the mountain will ______ (melt) soon.
5.The number of birds in the park has ______ (drop) a lot because of habitat loss.
解析
1.polluting
固定搭配 “stop sb. from doing sth.”(阻止某人做某事),from 后接动词的动名词形式,所以填 polluting。
2.pollution
定冠词 “The” 后需接名词,pollution 是 pollute 的名词形式,意为 “污染”,符合句意。
3.protect
固定搭配 “try one’s best to do sth.”(尽某人最大努力做某事),to 后接动词原形,所以填 protect。
解析
4.melt
情态动词 “will” 后接动词原形,构成一般将来时,所以填 melt。
5.dropped
现在完成时的结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”,drop 的过去分词是 dropped,所以填 dropped。
即学即练
6.This new policy will have a positive ______ (effect) on our neighborhood.
7.Please throw the empty bottle into the ______ (dustbin) over there.
8.Our ______ (neighborhood) holds a clean-up day every month.
9.You can find useful tips about recycling in this ______ (handbook).
10.We should avoid ______ (waste) food, especially when many people are still hungry.
解析
6.effect
形容词 “positive”(积极的)后需接名词,effect 是名词,意为 “影响”,符合 “have a positive effect on...”(对…… 有积极影响)的搭配。
7.dustbin
定冠词 “the” 后接名词,dustbin 是可数名词,此处指 “那个垃圾箱”,用单数形式即可。
8.neighborhood
形容词性物主代词 “Our” 后接名词,neighborhood 意为 “街区”,符合句意。
解析
9.handbook
指示代词 “this”(这个)后接可数名词单数,handbook 是单数名词,意为 “手册”。
10.wasting
固定搭配 “avoid doing sth.”(避免做某事),avoid 后接动词的动名词形式,所以填 wasting。
即学即练——单选
1.We should try our best ______ the environment from being destroyed.
A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected
2.The factory has stopped ______ the river, so the water is getting cleaner now.
A. pollute B. polluting C. to pollute D. polluted
3.Regular exercise has a good ______ on our health.
A. effect B. affect C. effective D. affecting
解析
第 1 题:考查固定搭配 “try one’s best to do sth.”(尽某人最大努力做某事),结构中 “to” 后需接动词原形,因此选 C(protect)。
第 2 题:考查固定搭配 “stop doing sth.”(停止正在进行的动作),此处表示 “停止污染河流”,“stop” 后接动名词形式,因此选 B(polluting)。
第 3 题:考查词义与词性辨析。“have an effect on...” 是固定搭配(对…… 有影响),其中 “effect” 是名词;“affect” 是动词(影响),“effective” 是形容词(有效的),“affecting” 是现在分词,此处需名词,因此选 A(effect)。
即学即练——单选
4.My mother told me to avoid ______ too much time playing computer games.
A. waste B. to waste C. wasting D. wasted
5.We can ______ plastic bottles to make new things instead of throwing them away.
A. recycle B. reuse C. reduce D. return
解析
第 4 题:考查固定搭配 “avoid doing sth.”(避免做某事),“avoid” 后接动词的动名词形式,因此选 C(wasting)。
第 5 题:考查词义辨析。“recycle” 意为 “回收再利用”,符合 “将塑料瓶制成新物品” 的语境;“reuse”(重复使用,侧重直接再次使用)、“reduce”(减少)、“return”(归还)均不符合句意,因此选 A(recycle)。
必考知识———重点语法 强调句
概念:强调句是一种特殊句式,用于表达说话者强烈的感情或者意愿。
强调就是使句子中某一部分所包含的信息通过某种手段比一般情况显得更为重要。
必考知识———重点语法 强调句
知识点一:强调句的剧本结构:
1. 基本句型:It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who...
(1) it在强调句中无实际意义,但只能用it.
It was in the park that he called on people to try garbage sorting. 正是在那个公园里,他呼吁人们尝试垃圾分类。
(2) 如果原句是现在时或者将来时,be动词用is;如果原句是过去时,be动词用was。可根据具体语境在be动词前加may, might, could, must等情态动词,表明说话人的语气情感。
It is Tom and Jack who will make a kite at home tomorrow afternoon.
正是汤姆和杰克明天在家制作一个风筝。
必考知识———重点语法 并列句
(3) 如果强调句中被强调的部分是物,主语用that;如果被强调的部分是人,且作主语时,用that或者who均可。
It is the volunteer that/who explained the ways to stop pollution.
是那个志愿者解释了防止污染的方式。
(4) 上述强调句不能强调谓语动词。强调谓语动词时,可用do/does/did+动词原形。
She does like dancing.
她确实喜欢跳舞。
必考知识———重点语法 并列句
知识点二 句式变换
(1) 强调句的否定形式:be动词后加not.
It is not everyone that can take part in the sports game.
并不是每个人都能参加这项体育赛事。
(2) 强调句的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他?
Was it because he was late that he stood outside the classroom?
他是因为迟到了而站在教室外面吗?
必考知识———重点语法 并列句
(3) 强调句的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/was it + that +其他?(此时特殊疑问词就是被强调部分)
He is not a student, nor am I.他不是学生,我也不是。
(4)强调句的反义疑问句形式:由that/who前面的主句决定用isn’t it还是wasn’t it.
It was his father who we turned to for help last time, wasn’t it?
上次我们求助的是他爸爸,不是吗?
必考知识———重点语法 宾语从句
(5)含有not until的强调句型:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他.
It was not until yesterday that he told us the secret. 直到昨天,他才告诉我们这个秘密。
即学即练——单选
1.________ was on the Mid-Autumn Day ________ Jim gave her mother a new handbag.
A.That; that B.It; that C.That; which D.It; which
2.It was in the park ________ he called on people to try garbage sorting.
A.where B.that C.how D.which
3.It was with Li Ping ________ I did some shopping in the store yesterday afternoon.
A.when B.who C.that D.which
解析
1.B
【详解】考查强调句。句意:就是在中秋节那天,吉姆给了她妈妈一个新手提包。分析句子结构可知,此句为强调句,强调句的结构为“It is /was+被强调部分+that /who+句子剩余部分”,如果强调部分是人,则用who或that,如果强调部分是物,则用that。本句中强调的是时间状语“on the Mid-Autumn Day”,所以用that。故选B。
2.B
【详解】考查强调句型。句意:正是在公园里,他呼吁人们尝试垃圾分类。分析句子结构可知,此句为强调句,其结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who +其它”,判定方式是去掉“it is/was”和“that/who”之后,句子结构和句意仍完整,此句去掉“It was”和空中连词后,句子结构仍然完整,符合强调句型特征;在这个句子中,被强调部分为地点状语“in the park”,所以要用“that”。故选B。
解析
3.C
【详解】考查强调句引导词。句意:昨天下午我是和李平一起去商店购物的。分析句子结构可知,此句为强调句,强调句型为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”,本句强调的是“with Li Ping”,为状语部分,所以要用that来连接。故选C。
题目
4.It was not until he came back ________ he knew the police were looking for him.
A.which B.since C.that D.before
5.He ________ know the place well.
A.do B.does C.did D.done
6.—Tom is good at speaking English.
—________. He is always praised by our English teacher.
A.So is he B.Nor he is C.So he is D.Nor is he
即学即练——单选
4.C
【详解】考查强调句引导词。句意:直到他回来他才知道警察正在找他。强调句基本结构:It is/was +被强调部分 + that/who +其他部分。当被强调部分为“not ... until ...”结构时,需将否定词not与until一起放在被强调位置,构成“It is/was not until ... that ...”,固定句型。故选C。
5.B
【详解】考查强调句和助动词。句意:他确实很熟悉这个地方。此句没有明确时间标志词,一般应为一般现在时。根据“He … know the place well.”可知,当主语是第三人称单数时,一般现在时的肯定句强调形式需要使用助动词does,后接动词原形know。故选B。
即学即练——单选
6.C
【详解】考查强调句。句意:—汤姆擅长说英语。—他确实是。他总是受到我们英语老师的表扬。根据“He is always praised by our English teacher.”可知,此处是强调上一句所说的情况(汤姆擅长说英语。)是真实的,即“他的确如此”,要用强调结构“So +主语 + 助动词/情态动词/be动词”。故选C。。
即学即练——单选
7.It is because of the bad weather ________ we have to cancel (取消) the match.
A.that B.which C.who D.so
8.— You seem to like sweets.
— ________.
A.So do I B.So I do C.So am I D.So I am
9.It was last night ______ I came across an old friend on the street.
A.when B.since C.as D.that
解析
7.A
【详解】考查强调句。句意:因为天气不好,我们不得不取消比赛。分子句子结构可知,此处是强调句型“It is+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”,本句强调的是原因状语“because of the bad weather”,故用that。故选A。
8.B
【详解】考查强调句。句意:—— 你似乎喜欢糖果。—— 确实如此。固定句型“So+主语+助动词/情态动词/be 动词”,表示“确实如此”,用于强调前面所说的情况确实是这样;“So+助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语”,表示“……也一样”,用于说明前面提到的情况也适用于另一个人或事物。根据“You seem to like sweets.”可知,空处表示“的确如此”,主语是I,实义动词是like,为避免重复,用助动词do,故填So I do。故选B。
解析
9.D
【详解】考查强调句型。句意:我是在昨晚在街上遇到一位老朋友的。分析句子可知,此句是强调句型“It is/was+强调部分+that/who+句子的剩余部分”,由于强调的是时间状语“last night”,所以应是that。故选D。
即学即练——单选
10.It was yesterday ________ he broke the glass cup.
A.when B.that C.which D.what
解析
10.B
【详解】考查强调句。句意:他是昨天打破玻璃杯的。根据句意分析可知,该句为强调句。强调句句型为:It + be + 被强调部分 + who/that...。故选B。
必考知识———主题应用
绿色星球(Green Earth)
1. 能运用保护环境的常用句型
2. 理解关于环境保护措施的文章
3. 能以书面的形式来讲述保护环境的措施和影响
必考知识———写作模板框架
_____________ are becoming more and more serious all over the world. ___________ make great noises and give off______________. Trees have been cut down, and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, we can find ______________.
We must take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, ____________must be passed to place strict control over ___________. The public must receive education _____________and so on. We hope that __________ will bring back a healthful environment.
必考知识———写作范文
Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. Cars make great noises and give off poisonous gases. Trees have been cut down, and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed.
We must take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution. The public must receive education about the hazard of pollution and so on. We hope that call these measures will bring back a healthful environment.
即学即练——写作
假设你是李华,请根据以下提示,写一篇题为“How to Protect the Environment”的英语作文。
提示:
1. 节约资源(节约用水、用电,减少使用一次性用品);
2. 减少污染(不乱扔垃圾,垃圾分类,绿色出行);
3. 保护自然(植树造林,保护动植物);
4. 呼吁大家共同努力,保护环境。
要求:
1. 词数80 — 100;
2. 条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确;
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
范文
How to Protect the Environment
As we all know, the environment is very important for our life. We must take action to protect it.
First, we should save resources. We can turn off the lights when leaving rooms and turn off the tap while brushing teeth. We should also use fewer disposable products, like plastic bags and chopsticks.
范文
Second, we need to reduce pollution. Don’t throw rubbish everywhere. We should sort rubbish into different groups. Try to walk, ride bikes or take public transport instead of driving cars.
Third, we should protect nature. We can plant more trees and stop cutting down forests. We should also protect animals and plants because they are our friends.
Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. Let’s work together to make the world a cleaner and more beautiful place.
Thank you for
listening
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