专题02 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，北京专用）高一英语下学期

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （22-23·北京·期中） Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing. Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robed Hutchins. Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired (退休) in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives (目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 1．Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir? A．Top managers. B．Language learners. C．Serious educators. D．Science researchers. 2．The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ______. A．attracted to teaching B．tired of teaching C．satisfied with teaching D．unhappy about teaching 3．Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years? A．The University of Chicago. B．Stanford University. C．Ohio State University. D．Nebraska University. 4．Tyler is said to have never actually retired because _________. A．he developed a new method of testing B．he called for free spirit in research C．he was still active in giving advice D．he still led the Eight-Year Study Passage 2 （高二下·北京·期中） Sophie became friends with the gray squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after spotting them running around and wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”. Sophie tried bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internet sensation (轰动). Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College, Sophie was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn’t interact with people very much. She was later diagnosed (诊断) with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I’ll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,” she said, “I am a lot more outgoing.” And in case you’re wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they’ll grab it. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though. This year, Sophie is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can. 1．What can we infer from the passage? A．Sophie was fonder of squirrels than any other animals. B．Sophie is known as the “Squirrel Girl” in the community. C．Sophie and squirrels received great attention on the Internet. D．Sophie wishes to educate people on how to protect the animals. 2．What can we learn about Sophie according to paragraph 3? A．She was more outgoing than before. B．She got lots of friends due to squirrels. C．She lived in the far countryside when young. D．She used to be a popular girl in her childhood. 3．How did Sophie manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats? A．By dressing like squirrels. B．By putting them in cages. C．By playing music to them. D．By attracting them with food. 4．What do you think of Sophie? A．Patient and caring. B．Tolerant and strong. C．Sociable and healthy. D．Traditional and hard-working. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of conditions, Sophie Murphy noticed an awful tension on a recent flight from Sydney to Melbourne. She first thought it was caused by typical bad-tempered passengers. But as the flight neared its end, it became obvious that something was very wrong. A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew’s warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. The pilot was forced to circle above the airport, delaying the landing—and angering people on the already tense flight. As the boy’s elderly parents failed to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, Murphy, who had been a teacher for more than 20 years, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane. She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly. She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand—and then together they got properly back into airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags, and held them as the boy threw up several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they’d get through it together. After the plane was finally able to land, no one was impatient to step off the flight as one might expect. Instead, calmed passengers—obviously following Murphy’s amazing example—allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents tearfully thanked Murphy for what she had done, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of handling the situation. 1．Why was the landing delayed? A．Because a family ignored the warnings. B．Because a boy refused to sit in his seat. C．Because smoke was coming out of the engine. D．Because the pilot had to change the destination. 2．Murphy successfully handled the “awful tension” by _______. A．fighting against unfair treatment B．calling on other passengers to join her C．communicating with the boy D．asking an experienced doctor to help 3．What changed the angry passengers’ attitude at last? A．The teacher’s efforts. B．The plane’s safe landing. C．The crew’s behavior. D．The boy’s improvement. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Murphy? A．Generous and careful. B．Patient and energetic. C．Wise and honest. D．Kind and cool-headed. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2023·北京西城·期中） I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. I did not know how to deal with a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager. We are a family of strong wills, from the top down. All my kids had pushed and argued. Everyone “kind of” followed the rules. As they got older, especially when they hit high school, I saw the power shifting, but it hadn’t been so obvious. I had not seen much in-your-face rebellion. Until this happened. I called Amy Speidel, a wise and practical parenting expert. She stayed on the phone with me and listened to my wild complaint about my disrespectful kid. She listened for almost two hours and then gave me some suggestions. Amy told me that my daughter’s behavior was “developmentally appropriate”-she was supposed to test the boundaries. Amy also said that it was great that my daughter would be able to stand up for herself in a relationship that wasn’t working. Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. But I listened to Amy and here’s what I learned. 1. My daughter’s behavior was normal. That eased my fears that I had raised a terrible human and failed as a mother. 2. My daughter’s strong personality was a strength. That revelation was a huge gift. I value her qualities but don’t want them used against me. I will soften my response and listen to her. 3. I went crazy. In fact, I crossed a line. And that happens. But I learned to apologize and reset so that we could move forward. My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. 1．What is the actual reason the author had a fight with her daughter? A．The daughter wouldn’t give her the keys. B．The daughter didn’t come back until 11 pm. C．The daughter insisted on going out late at night. D．The daughter wanted to go to the movies with friends. 2．The comments made the author feel “awful” because_______. A．she had helped her daughter to test boundaries B．she didn’t treasure the mother-daughter relationship C．she thought Amy was criticizing her daughter’s upbringing D．she hadn’t noticed the desirable aspects of her daughter’s behavior 3．After the phone call, the author learned that ______. A．her daughter’s strong character should be softened B．she should constructively deal with conflict C．her daughter should control her behavior D．she should admit her failure as a mother 4．According to Amy, what should the author say if the same situation happens again? A．“Do you really think you can just walk out the door like that?” B．“It’s not safe to be out so late. What about tomorrow afternoon?” C．“It doesn’t matter whether you go out or not. I will support you.” D．“You have been disrespectful and can’t go out tonight. Is that clear?” Passage 2 （北京汇文中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语试题） As a clueless freshman, I waltzed into my first creative writing course by accident, thinking it was a literature class on how to read stories, not how to write them. When the teacher introduced the course, I realized my mistake. The credits I earned from the course wouldn’t count toward my major. By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. Silence blanketed the room. No one risked eye contact. Whoever volunteered would have to write a whole story in a week. Perhaps they, like me, had never written one before. Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. So, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. Years later, I’d completed a degree in creative writing and was working on a novel when a literary agent asked to read the first 50 pages of my draft. But I wasn’t comfortable showing her anything; the novel was far from done. Throughout graduate school, I’d been advised many times not to contact agents until I have a complete draft. In the meanwhile, I knew the beginning of my story was attractive and that the agent might not remember me after a year. So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. She has since seen me through the publication of three novels. Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. 1．What made the author finally decide to take the course? A．The popularity of the course. B．Her confidence in her writing skills. C．Her curiosity about story writing. D．The need to get credits for her degree. 2．The author volunteered to write the first workshop story to ________. A．challenge herself B．win a place in the class C．display her talent D．impress the teacher 3．The author sent her first three chapters to the agent because ________. A．she wanted to get the chance of publication B．her story was attractive to readers C．the agent asked her to turn in the work D．her friends advised her to do so 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Action speaks louder than words. B．Confidence leads to growth and fulfillment. C．Success comes to those who dare. D．Chance favors only the prepared mind. 主题03 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期中） In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away. We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Mom's vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn't care much about my bedtime. Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk (职员). That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel of paint but couldn't really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home. Mom and Dad were occupied (忙) in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me. I hadn't turned 5 yet. As I entered kindergarten (幼儿园), the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school? As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didn't realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹) heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather. In 1950, we moved back to Coeur d'Alene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska. 1．What can be inferred about the author's family? A．His parents used to be very busy. B．His mother didn't have any jobs. C．His father was an honest man. D．His parents didn't love him. 2．Which of the following is true? A．The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska. B．Leonhard often visited the author's family after 1950. C．The author spent his whole childhood in Idaho. D．Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds. 3．What is the author's purpose of writing the text? A．To describe the extreme weather of Alaska. B．To show off his pride in making trouble. C．To look back on his childhood with adventures. D．To express how much he misses Leonhard. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期中） For years, Robyn Elman, a nature advocate, has been passionately raising the endangered monarch butterflies in the cozy corner of her backyard. She collects the butterfly eggs from the milkweed plants — the only food for these delicate creatures — alongside the highways. Each time she goes on her journey to the highways, she hopes these little eggs, which are as precious as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) into many beautiful creatures. They will slowly make the group which is getting smaller gradually breathe new life. But reality destroyed her hopes last year. Instead of being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the desolate sight of mowed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destroyed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut down, and all left were short stubs. She felt a deep sense of loss. “Is there really no hope for these delicate, flying creatures?” she whispered to herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece of lead. Even as pain consumed her, Robyn remained determined. She teamed up with other nature lovers. They reached out to Frank Coniglio, the city’s director of highway maintenance, urging him to cut the butterflies a break. At first, Frank was doubtful. He thought, “How important can this be? What difference will it make? It’s just some butterflies and plants.” But as Robyn and her friends poured out their worries, and kept explaining the importance of the issue, Frank began to understand. He finally realised, “What happens to the butterflies is going to happen to us, isn’t it?”, as if a light bulb had suddenly switched on in his mind. Frank went to work on studying more about monarch butterflies, and finally he supported their cause, and took decisive action. He stopped mowing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line of protection. So far, around 20 patches of milkweed plants, like oases in the urban desert, have been protected across the city. “We’re making a real difference,” Frank said proudly. Thanks to their combined efforts, the monarch butterflies now have a brighter future, and the city’s ecosystem is on the path to positive transformation 1．As a nature advocate, Robyn Elman ________. A．grows some milkweed in her backyard B．raises butterflies alongside the highway C．studies milkweed and proves them valuable D．collects butterfly eggs and hatches them 2．How did Robyn feel upon seeing the mowed stubs? A．Upset and disappointed. B．Angry and annoyed. C．Embarrassed and ashamed. D．Terrified and confused. 3．What did Frank do to help protect the monarch butterflies? A．He raised the awareness of the public. B．He protected milkweed in certain areas. C．He studied the local natural ecosystem. D．He moved the butterflies to a safe place. 4．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Wildlife conservation takes a back seat to urban development. B．Government policies play a main role in wildlife conservation. C．Commitment and cooperation cause positive ecological outcomes. D．The damage of habitats has long-term impact on the ecosystem. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·北京朝阳·期中） One Saturday night in the spring of 2023, while most of her friends were relaxing, Elizabeth Smart, then 16, was studying in an underground room in her parents’ house. She was trying to work out how patients with blood cancers respond to CAR T-cell therapy, one of the newest and most hopeful treatments for blood cancers. Elizabeth was drawn to cancer research for two reasons: stories of children with cancer, like “Penn the Brave,” and her grandmother’s death from cancer. She hoped to relieve the pain of people like them. So when Elizabeth was looking for a science-project topic and her father emailed her a news report about CAR T-cell therapy, she decided to explore further. Elizabeth used the results from a 2022 Yale University study explaining what causes the failure of CAR T-cell treatment and tried to identify genetic biomarkers (遗传生物标志物) that would tell a patient’s response to the treatment in order to make it more effective. She even developed a way to study genetic information through specialized software instead of traditional lab work. Through late nights of uploading information and analyzing RNA sequences (序列), Elizabeth discovered certain genetic information in RNA sequences — which decides everything from hair colour to how your immune system fights diseases — could tell a patient’s response to CAR T-cell therapy, and could one day help develop more effective treatment and fewer side effects. Starting the project two years ago, Elizabeth found reading original research papers too difficult, so she taught herself by reading books, open-source papers and watching YouTube videos for non-professional people. “I thought about giving up so many times,” says Elizabeth. Instead she turned to online groups, where professional and non-professional scientists alike shared tips on similar challenges. Her research paper, titled “Optimization of CAR T-Cell therapy Using RNA-Sequencing Analysis for Biomarker Identification”, made Elizabeth not only a national science-fair champion but also won her first place at the annual European Union Contest for Young Scientists in Brussels this past fall. As she graduates from high school this year and starts preparing for university, Elizabeth is looking forward to working in a lab — not just in her parents’ house. 1．Why did Elizabeth want to do research on CAR T-Cell therapy? A．Because she had heard a lot about it. B．Because it was her science project topic. C．Because her father asked her to work on it. D．Because she wanted to help people with cancer. 2．What challenge did Elizabeth come across during her research? A．Lack of professional background. B．Limited access to traditional laboratory. C．Difficulty in getting professional guidance. D．Heavy work of uploading genetic information. 3．Which word would best describe Elizabeth? A．Honest. B．Hardworking. C．Strict. D．Confident. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．Many hands make light work. B．A new way is better than sweat. C．Young people can make a difference. D．Love and understanding is priceless. Passage 2 （24-25高三下·北京朝阳·期中） The image of that staircase never left my mind. It had been forty years since I graduated high school, but the staircase haunted my memories. Boys would sit on both sides of the staircase, rating the girls as we walked by. If they thought a girl was really ugly, they barked. Every time I walked up or down those stairs, the barks, woofs, and laughter rang in my ears. “Just ignore them,” my mother advised. And I did. On the surface. But inside the painful message that I was ugly rooted deep into my soul. Eventually, I graduated, got accepted to college on the West Coast, and left small-town Colorado behind me. I earned a degree in Communications, launched a rewarding career as a writer and teacher, got married, and raised two amazing boys. But when I looked in the mirror, the doubts returned. Then I got an invitation to my fortieth high school reunion. I didn’t like high school, but I wanted to go back and tell those boys off. I wanted to tell them how hurtful and unkind they were. And I wanted to show them they were wrong. I had a husband, a family and all the things they’d made me feel I wasn’t worthy of. I practiced my speech in my mind as I ran errands (差事), cooked dinner, and exercised at senior aerobics. In September, I drove down to the town where I’d spent my high school years. I put on my favorite blouse, touched up my make-up, and steeled myself for the Friday night opening reception. Maybe it’s true that memory is the first thing to go. On the night, people greeted me politely, drinks in hand, flattering me with “You haven’t changed at all.” I’d look at the face and study the nametag with the graduation photo, but it didn’t ring a bell most of the time. Had I completely erased that whole period of my life from my memory? Was I at the wrong reunion? No, some women remembered my mother being their Girl Scout leader. Others had kind things to say about my father, a local college professor. My planned speech wilted (枯萎) on my lips. Instead, I chatted breezily about my two grown sons, living in Seattle, and writing résumés for Boeing workers. People were nice enough, but aside from a couple of friends, I felt like I was talking to strangers. It was pointless to hold a grudge (怨恨) against people I couldn’t even recognize. I was only hurting myself by replaying those memories in my mind. I knew I needed to forgive. A dark sorrow lifted from my soul. I felt happier, more self-confident and attractive. Back home, our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt. “You are really rockin’ that shirt,” she said. I smiled. She’d said that before, but this time I believed it. 1．Why did the author decide to attend the 40th high school reunion? A．To meet her old teachers. B．To prove her career success. C．To apologize for past misunderstandings. D．To confront hurtful boys and show her worth. 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．The author fought against her bullies directly. B．The reunion attendees were mostly strangers. C．The author’s career success healed her trauma. D．The instructor’s compliment was first genuinely embraced. 3．What can be inferred about the author’s feelings after the high school reunion? A．Confused and sad. B．Angry and proud. C．Relieved and confident. D．Disappointed and regretful. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Letting Go B．A Surprising Reunion Letter C．Finding Friends in Strangers D．The Painful High School Years 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京·期中） Better to Be Different Heroic deeds come in all shapes and sizes. Some of them require bravery in the face of danger, others result from a simple act of kindness. Natalie Fernando was taking her 5-year-old autistic (患孤独症的) son Rudy for a seaside walk when the little boy suddenly broke down. “My son loves to walk, but he hates to turn around and walk back. We usually try to walk in a circle to avoid this, but on his favourite walk with the boats we have no choice but to turn back. This will often lead to a breakdown, which I can normally handle, but today was too much for him and me,” Fernando explained on her blog. The walking area at Southend-on-Sea is a very popular walking place in Essex, England. Knowing she and Rudy were drawing attention and that her son’s breakdown might go on for an hour, Fernando was apologetic, but she soon found herself exposed to unfavorable looks and comments of passers-by. That’s when a total stranger named Ian stopped to ask if she was okay. When Fernando explained what was going on, as if it was the most natural thing in the world to do, Ian lay down on the ground close to Rudy and engaged him in conversation. The calming action quickly turned the situation around. After Rudy recovered, Ian walked Rudy and his mom back to their car. “I wish there were more of this man around and I am beyond thankful,” Fernando said. “I will not forget his kindness.” In addition to her gratitude, Fernando hopes Ian’s unselfish behavior might inspire others to look deeper before making social judgments themselves. “It’s said a lot at the moment, ‘In a world where you can be anything, be kind,’” she wrote. “Words are easy, but these actions are not always so easy. This man is living the words and I couldn’t be more grateful.” “We’re all walking our own path and directing the journey the best we can. Sometimes it takes a moment of kindness from a complete stranger to completely change your day.” 1．What was Fernando’s reaction when Rudy broke down? A．She turned back. B．She gave him a hug. C．She felt very sorry. D．She explained to passers-by. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．A passer-by sat down to talk with Rudy. B．I an drove Rudy and mom home safely. C．Rudy’s sudden behavior lasted for one hour. D．A stranger helped Rudy calm down. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Ian? A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Generous. D．Humorous. 4．What message does Fernando hope to convey through her experience? A．People should avoid taking autistic children to public places. B．Simple acts of kindness can have a profound impact on others. C．Strangers are generally untrustworthy in public situations. D．Parents should always be prepared to handle their children’s breakdowns. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京·期中） American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee. Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. “It’s not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor,” said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.” Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. “The culture shock wasn’t that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.” After he settled into a routine. Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including Kungfu-training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe. Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas. His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there. Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake. 1．What did Pinnick’s family think of his idea of learning Kungfu? A．Creative. B．Disappointing. C．Challenging. D．Unrealistic. 2．What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China? A．His fluent Chinese. B．The friendly local culture. C．His peaceful nature. D．Other foreign teachers there. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Pinnick planned to leave for Hollywood when he was a kid. B．At the start, Pinnick needn’t spend much time in learning Chinese. C．Pinnick began to write a book after he settled in Wudang Academy. D．Pinnick’s life now consists of training, teaching and studying. 4．What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China? A．A large fortune. B．A career choice. C．A Kungfu certificate. D．A good reputation. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2023·北京·期中） Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie’s feet, when Father cleared his throat and began, “You’ll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We’ve found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England.” His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. “But the lion,” he cried, “What about the lion?” “I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,” his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days. “No! You can’t send him to a circus!” said Bertie. “People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!” But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up. Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father’s deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he crept downstairs in his pyjamas, took down his father’s rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion’s neck. The time had come. “Be wild now,” he whispered. “You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you, I promise I will.” He buried his head in the lion’s neck. Then, Bertie clambered down off the hill and walked away. When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked. There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head. 1．Bertie’s mother was sad probably because she . A．knew Bertie would hate to go to England B．knew selling the lion would upset Bertie C．had decided to send Bertie to school D．had been seriously ill recently 2．In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle at the lion to . A．protect himself from the lion B．show his anger towards his father C．kill the lion out of fear D．threaten the lion back to the wild 3．The passage intends to show that . A．people and animals can be faithful to each other B．animals usually lead a miserable life in circuses C．parents are sometimes cruel to their children D．animal-hunting is popular in Africa Passage 2 （2022·北京·期中） There are many kinds of heroes. Even animals can be heroes. This month’s newsletter tells about three amazing animals. Each one is a hero! Thumper the Dog Thumper was a dog that lived with a family which had a three-year-old son named Benjamin. One day Benjamin wandered into a large field. The grass in the field was taller than he was, so he could not find his way out. Hundreds of people began to search for Benjamin. When they found him, they saw Thumper stayed with Benjamin and kept him warm. So Benjamin had stayed safe and calm.Lulu the Pig The Altsmans had a pet pig named Lulu. One summer the couple went camping and took Lulu with them. The husband went fishing one morning. The wife didn’t feel well, so she and Lulu stayed in the camper. Suddenly Mrs. Altsman fell to the floor. Lulu pushed the camper door open and climbed out to locate help. When a car came by, she lay down in front of it. When the driver got out, Lulu led him back to the camper. The man called for help and Mrs. Altsman was taken to hospital.Sugar the Cat Sugar was a beautiful cat. Three years ago she wandered onto the Woods’ farm in California and Mrs. Woods began feeding her. Mrs. Woods noticed something wrong with the cat’s left leg, but this didn’t make Sugar any less special. Mrs. Woods loved Sugar. Later the couple moved to a new farm in Oklahoma. They gave Sugar to a neighbor who would take good care of her, because they knew she wouldn’t like riding in cars for days. However, Sugar walked across deserts and mountains and traveled more than 1,500 miles to the Woods’ new farm! Mr. and Mrs. Woods could hardly believe their eyes. No one knows how Sugar found her way to Oklahoma. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Lovely pigs. B．Unknown heroes. C．New friends. D．Amazing animals. 2．How did Thumper help Benjamin? A．By searching for him in the field. B．By finding the way out for him. C．By staying with him all the time. D．By cutting the grass around him. 3．Why did Lulu lie down on the road? A．To get help. B．To watch the cars. C．To have a sleep. D．To ask for a lift. 4．What did Sugar do in the story? A．Sugar tried to find help. B．Sugar protected her owners. C．Sugar went camping with her owners. D．Sugar went a long way to find her owners. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （22-23·北京·期中） Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing. Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robed Hutchins. Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired (退休) in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives (目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 1．Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir? A．Top managers. B．Language learners. C．Serious educators. D．Science researchers. 2．The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ______. A．attracted to teaching B．tired of teaching C．satisfied with teaching D．unhappy about teaching 3．Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years? A．The University of Chicago. B．Stanford University. C．Ohio State University. D．Nebraska University. 4．Tyler is said to have never actually retired because _________. A．he developed a new method of testing B．he called for free spirit in research C．he was still active in giving advice D．he still led the Eight-Year Study 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【分析】本文是人物故事类短文。讲述了美国教育家Ralph W. Tyler一生从事教育教学研究工作，直至晚年仍不断为教育事业奔走服务，贡献力量。 1．细节理解题。根据短文第一句话Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn 不难看出最有可能对Ralph W. Tyler的回忆录产生兴趣的是教育工作者。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education可知，既然能弃医从教，说明对教育很痴迷。be hooked on意为“着迷于……的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. 泰勒是斯坦福大学行为科学高级研究中心(Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences)的首任主任，他担任该职位长达14年。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据作者在文章的最后一段提到尽管Tyler在1967年退休，但他并未停止在美国国内及世界各地从事与教育有关的活动，他对教学及管理方面的建议至今仍有现实意义。故选C。 Passage 2 （高二下·北京·期中） Sophie became friends with the gray squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after spotting them running around and wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”. Sophie tried bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internet sensation (轰动). Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College, Sophie was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn’t interact with people very much. She was later diagnosed (诊断) with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I’ll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,” she said, “I am a lot more outgoing.” And in case you’re wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they’ll grab it. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though. This year, Sophie is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can. 1．What can we infer from the passage? A．Sophie was fonder of squirrels than any other animals. B．Sophie is known as the “Squirrel Girl” in the community. C．Sophie and squirrels received great attention on the Internet. D．Sophie wishes to educate people on how to protect the animals. 2．What can we learn about Sophie according to paragraph 3? A．She was more outgoing than before. B．She got lots of friends due to squirrels. C．She lived in the far countryside when young. D．She used to be a popular girl in her childhood. 3．How did Sophie manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats? A．By dressing like squirrels. B．By putting them in cages. C．By playing music to them. D．By attracting them with food. 4．What do you think of Sophie? A．Patient and caring. B．Tolerant and strong. C．Sociable and healthy. D．Traditional and hard-working. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了苏菲和灰松鼠成了朋友，通过和松鼠的交流改变了自己的性格完成了学业的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The response was greatly positive, and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internet sensation (轰动).”（反应非常积极，不久苏菲和她的松鼠就在网上引起了轰动。）可知，苏菲和松鼠在网上受到了极大的关注。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段““The squirrels help me break the ice, because I’ll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,” she said, “I am a lot more outgoing.””（“松鼠帮我打破僵局，因为我会坐在这里拍松鼠，其他人会过来，我们就开始一起喂松鼠，聊它们，”她说，“我更外向了。”）可知，苏菲比以前更外向了。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“And in case you’re wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they’ll grab it.”（如果你想知道苏菲是如何让松鼠为她的照片做她想做的事情的，这与食物有很大关系。例如，每当她想让它们拿东西或玩东西时，她会把花生酱放在道具上，它们会抓住它。）可知，苏菲是通过食物吸引松鼠，给松鼠戴上帽子拍照的。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.”（一开始，她会把花生扔到校园的树上，并邀请松鼠下来拿，但松鼠不愿接近她。不过，她有耐心赢得它们的信任。）以及最后一段“As for her furry friends, Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.”（至于她的毛茸茸的朋友们，苏菲计划留在这个地区，尽可能多地拜访它们。）可知，苏菲有耐心赢得松鼠的信任，并且会尽可能关心动物们，所以苏菲是有耐心的和爱心的。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京·期中） Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of conditions, Sophie Murphy noticed an awful tension on a recent flight from Sydney to Melbourne. She first thought it was caused by typical bad-tempered passengers. But as the flight neared its end, it became obvious that something was very wrong. A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew’s warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. The pilot was forced to circle above the airport, delaying the landing—and angering people on the already tense flight. As the boy’s elderly parents failed to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, Murphy, who had been a teacher for more than 20 years, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane. She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly. She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand—and then together they got properly back into airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags, and held them as the boy threw up several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they’d get through it together. After the plane was finally able to land, no one was impatient to step off the flight as one might expect. Instead, calmed passengers—obviously following Murphy’s amazing example—allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents tearfully thanked Murphy for what she had done, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of handling the situation. 1．Why was the landing delayed? A．Because a family ignored the warnings. B．Because a boy refused to sit in his seat. C．Because smoke was coming out of the engine. D．Because the pilot had to change the destination. 2．Murphy successfully handled the “awful tension” by _______. A．fighting against unfair treatment B．calling on other passengers to join her C．communicating with the boy D．asking an experienced doctor to help 3．What changed the angry passengers’ attitude at last? A．The teacher’s efforts. B．The plane’s safe landing. C．The crew’s behavior. D．The boy’s improvement. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Murphy? A．Generous and careful. B．Patient and energetic. C．Wise and honest. D．Kind and cool-headed. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了教师Sophie Murphy在飞机上帮助一位患有唐氏综合征的小男孩克服心理和身体的不适，使得飞机正常降落并获得全体乘客赞许的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“A teenage boy with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew's warnings over the loudspeaker when it was almost time to land. (一名患有唐氏综合征的少年和他的家人一起旅行，当飞机即将着陆时，他不顾空乘人员通过扩音器发出的警告，变得心烦意乱，不肯回到座位上。)”可知，是小男孩不可能坐在座位上的行为导致了飞机延迟降落。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中第五段“She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. (她开始平静地和他聊天，问他的名字，他最喜欢的书，他最喜欢的角色。他告诉她他觉得不舒服，她试图安慰他。)”可知，是Murphy与男孩的沟通起了作用，使紧张，糟糕的局面得到了改观。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Instead, calmed passengers--obviously following Murphy's amazing example--allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. (相反，镇静下来的乘客——显然是在效仿Murphy的惊人榜样——让男孩和他的家人先离开，并在他们经过时对他们微笑。)”可知，乘客们是被Murphy的行为所感染，纷纷以她为榜样，才对男孩的态度发生改变并礼让他和他的家人先行下飞机。所以推断是Murphy的努力改变了愤怒的乘客的态度。故选A。 4．推理判断题。从Murphy主动与男孩交谈可以推断她是一个友善的人，并从第五段中“She began chatting calmly with him(她开始平静地和他聊天)”可以推断出她是一个遇事冷静的人。故选D。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （2023·北京西城·期中） I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. I did not know how to deal with a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager. We are a family of strong wills, from the top down. All my kids had pushed and argued. Everyone “kind of” followed the rules. As they got older, especially when they hit high school, I saw the power shifting, but it hadn’t been so obvious. I had not seen much in-your-face rebellion. Until this happened. I called Amy Speidel, a wise and practical parenting expert. She stayed on the phone with me and listened to my wild complaint about my disrespectful kid. She listened for almost two hours and then gave me some suggestions. Amy told me that my daughter’s behavior was “developmentally appropriate”-she was supposed to test the boundaries. Amy also said that it was great that my daughter would be able to stand up for herself in a relationship that wasn’t working. Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. But I listened to Amy and here’s what I learned. 1. My daughter’s behavior was normal. That eased my fears that I had raised a terrible human and failed as a mother. 2. My daughter’s strong personality was a strength. That revelation was a huge gift. I value her qualities but don’t want them used against me. I will soften my response and listen to her. 3. I went crazy. In fact, I crossed a line. And that happens. But I learned to apologize and reset so that we could move forward. My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. 1．What is the actual reason the author had a fight with her daughter? A．The daughter wouldn’t give her the keys. B．The daughter didn’t come back until 11 pm. C．The daughter insisted on going out late at night. D．The daughter wanted to go to the movies with friends. 2．The comments made the author feel “awful” because_______. A．she had helped her daughter to test boundaries B．she didn’t treasure the mother-daughter relationship C．she thought Amy was criticizing her daughter’s upbringing D．she hadn’t noticed the desirable aspects of her daughter’s behavior 3．After the phone call, the author learned that ______. A．her daughter’s strong character should be softened B．she should constructively deal with conflict C．her daughter should control her behavior D．she should admit her failure as a mother 4．According to Amy, what should the author say if the same situation happens again? A．“Do you really think you can just walk out the door like that?” B．“It’s not safe to be out so late. What about tomorrow afternoon?” C．“It doesn’t matter whether you go out or not. I will support you.” D．“You have been disrespectful and can’t go out tonight. Is that clear?” 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和自己的女儿发生冲突后，和育儿专家通话后改变原来的处理冲突的方式，希望能改善和女儿的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. (我因为钥匙把她摔在地上，真的。事实上，当她不顾我的话，在晚上11点开门离开家去看电影时，我把我16岁的女儿摔倒在地)”可知，作者和女儿吵架的真正原因是因为女儿坚持深夜外出。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. (那些评论真的让我感觉很糟糕。我没有考虑过她的行为有什么积极的方面——但除了我们母女的关系，我从来不想贬低我女儿坚强的意志)”可知，这些评论让作者感到“糟糕”，是因为作者没有注意到女儿行为中积极的方面，也就是令人满意的方面。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第七段“After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. (在和艾米交谈之后，我意识到我才是那个需要帮助来理解纪律和控制的人。老实说，我确实讨厌责任落在我身上。我想要被允许尖叫和惩罚)”可推知，通过电话，作者了解到她应该建设性地处理冲突，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. (因此，我的工作是学习新的回应，为我的女儿提供选择和现实的后果，而不是空洞的威胁。希望这能改变我和女儿的关系)”可推知，在重新处理同样的情况时，作者应该会把深夜离家的后果——不安全告诉女儿，并且让她选择一个其他时间出门。故选B。 Passage 2 （北京汇文中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语试题） As a clueless freshman, I waltzed into my first creative writing course by accident, thinking it was a literature class on how to read stories, not how to write them. When the teacher introduced the course, I realized my mistake. The credits I earned from the course wouldn’t count toward my major. By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. Silence blanketed the room. No one risked eye contact. Whoever volunteered would have to write a whole story in a week. Perhaps they, like me, had never written one before. Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. So, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. Years later, I’d completed a degree in creative writing and was working on a novel when a literary agent asked to read the first 50 pages of my draft. But I wasn’t comfortable showing her anything; the novel was far from done. Throughout graduate school, I’d been advised many times not to contact agents until I have a complete draft. In the meanwhile, I knew the beginning of my story was attractive and that the agent might not remember me after a year. So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. She has since seen me through the publication of three novels. Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. 1．What made the author finally decide to take the course? A．The popularity of the course. B．Her confidence in her writing skills. C．Her curiosity about story writing. D．The need to get credits for her degree. 2．The author volunteered to write the first workshop story to ________. A．challenge herself B．win a place in the class C．display her talent D．impress the teacher 3．The author sent her first three chapters to the agent because ________. A．she wanted to get the chance of publication B．her story was attractive to readers C．the agent asked her to turn in the work D．her friends advised her to do so 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Action speaks louder than words. B．Confidence leads to growth and fulfillment. C．Success comes to those who dare. D．Chance favors only the prepared mind. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从误打误撞参加创意写作课程，到决定加入并努力争取机会，再到后来成为小说家的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By the end of the session, however, I decided that I had to be a part of the course. Perhaps, as a lifelong reader, I was eager to understand how stories worked their magic. (然而，在那堂课结束时，我决定自己必须成为这门课程的一部分。或许，作为一个终身读者，我渴望了解故事是如何施展其魔力的。)”可知，作者决定选修这门课程是源于作者对故事写作的好奇心和渴望。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But taking the class would be impossible: I wasn’t even on the waitlist. That’s when the teacher asked for a volunteer to submit the first workshop story. (但参加这门课程是不可能的：我甚至都不在候补名单上。就在这时，老师要求一名志愿者提交第一篇工作坊故事。)”以及第五段“Seizing my chance, I raised my hand and asked, “If I go first, will you give me a spot in the class?” He said he would. (我抓住机会，举手问道：“如果我第一个来，你会给我一个上课的名额吗？”他说他会。)”可推测，作者自愿写第一个工作坊故事是为了赢得一个上课的名额。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“So, once again, instead of keeping my head down and avoiding eye contact, I did the opposite. I sent her the first three chapters. A month later, she signed me on the strength of those chapters alone. (所以，我再次没有低头避开眼神交流，而是反其道而行之。我给她发了前三章。一个月后，她仅凭这三章就与我签约了。)”可知，作者给代理人发前三章的目的是为了得到出版的机会。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Determination, focus, perseverance-the qualities that I consider crucial in getting me into Stanford no doubt helped me become the novelist I am today. And yet if I’d trained my gaze only on the path ahead, I would have missed so many happy accidents, so many beautiful opportunities to look up, raise my hand, and say yes. (决心、专注、毅力——我认为这些品质对于我被斯坦福大学录取至关重要，它们无疑也帮助我成为了今天的我——一名小说家。然而，如果我只盯着前方的道路，我就会错过许多意外的惊喜，许多抬头、举手、说“是”的美好机会。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述的是作者原本并不是为了写作而参加创意写作课程的，但她在课堂上勇敢地采取了行动，最终成为了一名小说家。这表明成功属于那些敢于尝试的人。故选C。 主题03 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期中） In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away. We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Mom's vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn't care much about my bedtime. Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk (职员). That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel of paint but couldn't really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home. Mom and Dad were occupied (忙) in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me. I hadn't turned 5 yet. As I entered kindergarten (幼儿园), the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school? As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didn't realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹) heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather. In 1950, we moved back to Coeur d'Alene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska. 1．What can be inferred about the author's family? A．His parents used to be very busy. B．His mother didn't have any jobs. C．His father was an honest man. D．His parents didn't love him. 2．Which of the following is true? A．The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska. B．Leonhard often visited the author's family after 1950. C．The author spent his whole childhood in Idaho. D．Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds. 3．What is the author's purpose of writing the text? A．To describe the extreme weather of Alaska. B．To show off his pride in making trouble. C．To look back on his childhood with adventures. D．To express how much he misses Leonhard. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己在阿拉斯加的童年时光，包括那里的阳光、父母的工作、自己惹出的麻烦、寒冷的天气以及与著名狗拉雪橇者Leonhard Seppala的相遇等一系列充满冒险的经历。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn't care much about my bedtime.(妈妈在午夜还在花园里劳作，作息被打乱，所以不太在意我的睡觉时间)”以及第三段“Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk (职员). That left me in a mess.(爸爸是铁路快递员，妈妈是他的职员，这让我无人照顾)”可知，作者的父母过去常常很忙。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday.(至于Leonhard Seppala，作为一名著名的狗拉雪橇者，我觉得我很了解他，因为有一个星期天我坐他的白狗队拉的雪橇出去玩了)可知，Leonhard很擅长驾驶狗拉雪橇。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.(1943 年，我4岁时，父母从爱达荷州的科达伦搬到了阿拉斯加的费尔班克斯，在那里，冒险总是近在咫尺)”接着全文围绕作者在阿拉斯加的童年冒险经历展开叙述。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是回顾自己充满冒险的童年。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期中） For years, Robyn Elman, a nature advocate, has been passionately raising the endangered monarch butterflies in the cozy corner of her backyard. She collects the butterfly eggs from the milkweed plants — the only food for these delicate creatures — alongside the highways. Each time she goes on her journey to the highways, she hopes these little eggs, which are as precious as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) into many beautiful creatures. They will slowly make the group which is getting smaller gradually breathe new life. But reality destroyed her hopes last year. Instead of being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the desolate sight of mowed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destroyed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut down, and all left were short stubs. She felt a deep sense of loss. “Is there really no hope for these delicate, flying creatures?” she whispered to herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece of lead. Even as pain consumed her, Robyn remained determined. She teamed up with other nature lovers. They reached out to Frank Coniglio, the city’s director of highway maintenance, urging him to cut the butterflies a break. At first, Frank was doubtful. He thought, “How important can this be? What difference will it make? It’s just some butterflies and plants.” But as Robyn and her friends poured out their worries, and kept explaining the importance of the issue, Frank began to understand. He finally realised, “What happens to the butterflies is going to happen to us, isn’t it?”, as if a light bulb had suddenly switched on in his mind. Frank went to work on studying more about monarch butterflies, and finally he supported their cause, and took decisive action. He stopped mowing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line of protection. So far, around 20 patches of milkweed plants, like oases in the urban desert, have been protected across the city. “We’re making a real difference,” Frank said proudly. Thanks to their combined efforts, the monarch butterflies now have a brighter future, and the city’s ecosystem is on the path to positive transformation 1．As a nature advocate, Robyn Elman ________. A．grows some milkweed in her backyard B．raises butterflies alongside the highway C．studies milkweed and proves them valuable D．collects butterfly eggs and hatches them 2．How did Robyn feel upon seeing the mowed stubs? A．Upset and disappointed. B．Angry and annoyed. C．Embarrassed and ashamed. D．Terrified and confused. 3．What did Frank do to help protect the monarch butterflies? A．He raised the awareness of the public. B．He protected milkweed in certain areas. C．He studied the local natural ecosystem. D．He moved the butterflies to a safe place. 4．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Wildlife conservation takes a back seat to urban development. B．Government policies play a main role in wildlife conservation. C．Commitment and cooperation cause positive ecological outcomes. D．The damage of habitats has long-term impact on the ecosystem. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自然倡导者Robyn Elman和其他自然爱好者共同努力保护帝王蝶的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“She collects the butterfly eggs from the milkweed plants — the only food for these delicate creatures — alongside the highways. Each time she goes on her journey to the highways, she hopes these little eggs, which are as precious as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) into many beautiful creatures.(她在高速公路旁的马利筋植物上收集蝴蝶卵——这是这些娇弱生灵唯一的食物。每次踏上前往高速公路的旅程，她都希望这些珍贵如宝藏的小卵能孵化出许多美丽的蝴蝶)”可知，Robyn Elman作为自然倡导者，会收集帝王蝶的卵并孵化它们。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“But reality destroyed her hopes last year. Instead of being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the desolate sight of mowed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destroyed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut down, and all left were short stubs. She felt a deep sense of loss. “Is there really no hope for these delicate, flying creatures?” she whispered to herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece of lead.(但去年的现实却粉碎了她的希望。迎接她的不再是绿油油的马利筋植物，而是满眼的枯草茬和被毁坏的卵。马利筋植物已被割除，只剩下短短的草茬。她感到深深的失落。“这些娇弱的飞虫真的没有希望了吗？”她喃喃自语，心如铅坠般沉重)”可知，现实摧毁了她的希望，看到被修剪过的草茬和被毁坏的卵，她有一种深深的失落感，心里像铅块一样沉重，由此可推断她感到沮丧和失望。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Frank went to work on studying more about monarch butterflies, and finally he supported their cause, and took decisive action. He stopped mowing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line of protection. So far, around 20 patches of milkweed plants, like oases in the urban desert, have been protected across the city.(弗兰克开始着手深入研究帝王蝶，最终他支持了保护帝王蝶的事业，并采取了果断行动。他停止了在某些区域的修剪工作，划出了一条无形的保护线。到目前为止，全市已有大约20块马利筋植物区域得到了保护，宛如城市沙漠中的绿洲)”可知，Frank通过在某些地区停止修剪，保护了马利筋植物，以此来帮助保护帝王蝶。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Thanks to their combined efforts, the monarch butterflies now have a brighter future, and the city’s ecosystem is on the path to positive transformation.(由于他们的共同努力，帝王蝶现在有了更光明的未来，而城市的生态系统也正朝着积极转变的方向迈进)”可知，Robyn和其他自然爱好者通过努力和合作，成功保护了帝王蝶的栖息地，使帝王蝶有了更光明的未来。由此可知，从文中我们可以总结到“投入和合作能带来积极的生态成果”。故选C。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·北京朝阳·期中） One Saturday night in the spring of 2023, while most of her friends were relaxing, Elizabeth Smart, then 16, was studying in an underground room in her parents’ house. She was trying to work out how patients with blood cancers respond to CAR T-cell therapy, one of the newest and most hopeful treatments for blood cancers. Elizabeth was drawn to cancer research for two reasons: stories of children with cancer, like “Penn the Brave,” and her grandmother’s death from cancer. She hoped to relieve the pain of people like them. So when Elizabeth was looking for a science-project topic and her father emailed her a news report about CAR T-cell therapy, she decided to explore further. Elizabeth used the results from a 2022 Yale University study explaining what causes the failure of CAR T-cell treatment and tried to identify genetic biomarkers (遗传生物标志物) that would tell a patient’s response to the treatment in order to make it more effective. She even developed a way to study genetic information through specialized software instead of traditional lab work. Through late nights of uploading information and analyzing RNA sequences (序列), Elizabeth discovered certain genetic information in RNA sequences — which decides everything from hair colour to how your immune system fights diseases — could tell a patient’s response to CAR T-cell therapy, and could one day help develop more effective treatment and fewer side effects. Starting the project two years ago, Elizabeth found reading original research papers too difficult, so she taught herself by reading books, open-source papers and watching YouTube videos for non-professional people. “I thought about giving up so many times,” says Elizabeth. Instead she turned to online groups, where professional and non-professional scientists alike shared tips on similar challenges. Her research paper, titled “Optimization of CAR T-Cell therapy Using RNA-Sequencing Analysis for Biomarker Identification”, made Elizabeth not only a national science-fair champion but also won her first place at the annual European Union Contest for Young Scientists in Brussels this past fall. As she graduates from high school this year and starts preparing for university, Elizabeth is looking forward to working in a lab — not just in her parents’ house. 1．Why did Elizabeth want to do research on CAR T-Cell therapy? A．Because she had heard a lot about it. B．Because it was her science project topic. C．Because her father asked her to work on it. D．Because she wanted to help people with cancer. 2．What challenge did Elizabeth come across during her research? A．Lack of professional background. B．Limited access to traditional laboratory. C．Difficulty in getting professional guidance. D．Heavy work of uploading genetic information. 3．Which word would best describe Elizabeth? A．Honest. B．Hardworking. C．Strict. D．Confident. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．Many hands make light work. B．A new way is better than sweat. C．Young people can make a difference. D．Love and understanding is priceless. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了16岁的Elizabeth通过自己的努力在癌症研究方面取得了显著成果，她的研究论文使她成为全国科学展冠军，并在欧洲青年科学家竞赛中获得第一名。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elizabeth was drawn to cancer research for two reasons: stories of children with cancer, like “Penn the Brave,” and her grandmother’s death from cancer. She hoped to relieve the pain of people like them. (Elizabeth被癌症研究所吸引，有两个原因：一是癌症儿童的故事，比如勇敢的Penn，二是她的祖母死于癌症。她希望减轻像他们这样的人的痛苦)”可知，她研究CAR T-Cell疗法是为了帮助癌症患者。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Starting the project two years ago, Elizabeth found reading original research papers too difficult, so she taught herself by reading books, open-source papers and watching YouTube videos for non-professional people. (两年前开始这个项目时，Elizabeth发现阅读原创研究论文太难了，所以她通过阅读书籍、开源论文和观看非专业人士的YouTube视频来自学)”可知，挑战在于Elizabeth缺乏专业背景。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“One Saturday night in the spring of 2023, while most of her friends were relaxing, Elizabeth Smart, then 16, was studying in an underground room in her parents’ house. (2023年春天的一个周六晚上，当她的大多数朋友都在放松的时候，16岁的Elizabeth Smart正在父母家的一间地下房间里学习)”和第四段中““I thought about giving up so many times,” says Elizabeth. Instead she turned to online groups, where professional and non-professional scientists alike shared tips on similar challenges. (“我多次想过放弃，”Elizabeth说。她转而求助于网络小组，在那里，专业和非专业的科学家都分享了关于类似挑战的建议)”可知，在大多数朋友都在放松的时候，Elizabeth独自在地下房间研究，遇到困难想放弃时又坚持下来。这些都体现了她非常勤奋努力。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“Through late nights of uploading information and analyzing RNA sequences (序列), Elizabeth discovered certain genetic information in RNA sequences — which decides everything from hair colour to how your immune system fights diseases — could tell a patient’s response to CAR T-cell therapy, and could one day help develop more effective treatment and fewer side effects. (通过深夜上传信息和分析RNA序列，Elizabeth发现了RNA序列中的某些遗传信息——它决定了从头发颜色到免疫系统如何对抗疾病的一切——可以告诉病人对CAR T细胞疗法的反应，有朝一日可以帮助开发更有效的治疗方法，减少副作用)”可知，文章讲述了16岁的Elizabeth通过自己的努力在癌症研究方面取得了显著成果，她的研究论文使她成为全国科学展冠军，并在欧洲青年科学家竞赛中获得第一名。这表明年轻人也能有所作为，做出重要贡献。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高三下·北京朝阳·期中） The image of that staircase never left my mind. It had been forty years since I graduated high school, but the staircase haunted my memories. Boys would sit on both sides of the staircase, rating the girls as we walked by. If they thought a girl was really ugly, they barked. Every time I walked up or down those stairs, the barks, woofs, and laughter rang in my ears. “Just ignore them,” my mother advised. And I did. On the surface. But inside the painful message that I was ugly rooted deep into my soul. Eventually, I graduated, got accepted to college on the West Coast, and left small-town Colorado behind me. I earned a degree in Communications, launched a rewarding career as a writer and teacher, got married, and raised two amazing boys. But when I looked in the mirror, the doubts returned. Then I got an invitation to my fortieth high school reunion. I didn’t like high school, but I wanted to go back and tell those boys off. I wanted to tell them how hurtful and unkind they were. And I wanted to show them they were wrong. I had a husband, a family and all the things they’d made me feel I wasn’t worthy of. I practiced my speech in my mind as I ran errands (差事), cooked dinner, and exercised at senior aerobics. In September, I drove down to the town where I’d spent my high school years. I put on my favorite blouse, touched up my make-up, and steeled myself for the Friday night opening reception. Maybe it’s true that memory is the first thing to go. On the night, people greeted me politely, drinks in hand, flattering me with “You haven’t changed at all.” I’d look at the face and study the nametag with the graduation photo, but it didn’t ring a bell most of the time. Had I completely erased that whole period of my life from my memory? Was I at the wrong reunion? No, some women remembered my mother being their Girl Scout leader. Others had kind things to say about my father, a local college professor. My planned speech wilted (枯萎) on my lips. Instead, I chatted breezily about my two grown sons, living in Seattle, and writing résumés for Boeing workers. People were nice enough, but aside from a couple of friends, I felt like I was talking to strangers. It was pointless to hold a grudge (怨恨) against people I couldn’t even recognize. I was only hurting myself by replaying those memories in my mind. I knew I needed to forgive. A dark sorrow lifted from my soul. I felt happier, more self-confident and attractive. Back home, our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt. “You are really rockin’ that shirt,” she said. I smiled. She’d said that before, but this time I believed it. 1．Why did the author decide to attend the 40th high school reunion? A．To meet her old teachers. B．To prove her career success. C．To apologize for past misunderstandings. D．To confront hurtful boys and show her worth. 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．The author fought against her bullies directly. B．The reunion attendees were mostly strangers. C．The author’s career success healed her trauma. D．The instructor’s compliment was first genuinely embraced. 3．What can be inferred about the author’s feelings after the high school reunion? A．Confused and sad. B．Angry and proud. C．Relieved and confident. D．Disappointed and regretful. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Letting Go B．A Surprising Reunion Letter C．Finding Friends in Strangers D．The Painful High School Years 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参加高中同学会，通过释怀过去的伤痛，重获快乐和自信的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第五段“Then I got an invitation to my fortieth high school reunion. I didn’t like high school, but I wanted to go back and tell those boys off. I wanted to tell them how hurtful and unkind they were. And I wanted to show them they were wrong. I had a husband, a family and all the things they’d made me feel I wasn’t worthy of. (然后我收到了我第四十次高中同学会的邀请。我不喜欢高中，但我想回去告诉那些男孩。我想告诉他们他们有多伤人、多不友善。我想让他们知道他们错了。我有一个丈夫，一个家庭，还有所有那些他们让我觉得我不配拥有的东西)”可知，作者决定参加40周年高中同学会是为了对抗那些伤害过她的男孩，并向他们展示她的价值。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Back home, our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt. “You are really rockin’ that shirt,” she said.(回家后，我们的高级健身教练注意到我穿了一件新T恤。“你这件T恤穿得太棒了，”她说。我笑了。她以前也这么说过，但这次我相信了)”可知，健身教练的赞美第一次被作者真正接受。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“It was pointless to hold a grudge (怨恨) against people I couldn’t even recognize. I was only hurting myself by replaying those memories in my mind. I knew I needed to forgive. A dark sorrow lifted from my soul. I felt happier, more self-confident and attractive. (对那些我甚至都认不出来的人怀恨在心是毫无意义的。我只是在脑海中重复那些回忆来伤害自己。我知道我需要原谅。一种深深的悲伤从我的灵魂中消散。我感到更快乐，更自信，更有吸引力)”可知，作者在同学会后感到如释重负和自信。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是倒数第三段“I knew I needed to forgive. A dark sorrow lifted from my soul. I felt happier, more self-confident and attractive. (我知道我需要原谅。一种深深的悲伤从我的灵魂中消散。我感到更快乐，更自信，更有吸引力)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过原谅过去伤害过她的人，释放了内心的痛苦，变得更加快乐和自信。因此，最好的标题是“释怀的力量”。故选A。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京·期中） Better to Be Different Heroic deeds come in all shapes and sizes. Some of them require bravery in the face of danger, others result from a simple act of kindness. Natalie Fernando was taking her 5-year-old autistic (患孤独症的) son Rudy for a seaside walk when the little boy suddenly broke down. “My son loves to walk, but he hates to turn around and walk back. We usually try to walk in a circle to avoid this, but on his favourite walk with the boats we have no choice but to turn back. This will often lead to a breakdown, which I can normally handle, but today was too much for him and me,” Fernando explained on her blog. The walking area at Southend-on-Sea is a very popular walking place in Essex, England. Knowing she and Rudy were drawing attention and that her son’s breakdown might go on for an hour, Fernando was apologetic, but she soon found herself exposed to unfavorable looks and comments of passers-by. That’s when a total stranger named Ian stopped to ask if she was okay. When Fernando explained what was going on, as if it was the most natural thing in the world to do, Ian lay down on the ground close to Rudy and engaged him in conversation. The calming action quickly turned the situation around. After Rudy recovered, Ian walked Rudy and his mom back to their car. “I wish there were more of this man around and I am beyond thankful,” Fernando said. “I will not forget his kindness.” In addition to her gratitude, Fernando hopes Ian’s unselfish behavior might inspire others to look deeper before making social judgments themselves. “It’s said a lot at the moment, ‘In a world where you can be anything, be kind,’” she wrote. “Words are easy, but these actions are not always so easy. This man is living the words and I couldn’t be more grateful.” “We’re all walking our own path and directing the journey the best we can. Sometimes it takes a moment of kindness from a complete stranger to completely change your day.” 1．What was Fernando’s reaction when Rudy broke down? A．She turned back. B．She gave him a hug. C．She felt very sorry. D．She explained to passers-by. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．A passer-by sat down to talk with Rudy. B．I an drove Rudy and mom home safely. C．Rudy’s sudden behavior lasted for one hour. D．A stranger helped Rudy calm down. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Ian? A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Generous. D．Humorous. 4．What message does Fernando hope to convey through her experience? A．People should avoid taking autistic children to public places. B．Simple acts of kindness can have a profound impact on others. C．Strangers are generally untrustworthy in public situations. D．Parents should always be prepared to handle their children’s breakdowns. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了伊恩对孤独症男孩鲁迪的善意举动，展示了简单善举的力量和对他人的深远影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“Knowing she and Rudy were drawing attention and that her son’s breakdown might go on for an hour, Fernando was apologetic, but she soon found herself exposed to unfavorable looks and comments of passers-by. (知道她和鲁迪引起了人们的注意，而且她儿子的情绪崩溃可能会持续一个小时，费尔南多感觉很抱歉，但她很快发现自己暴露在路人的负面表情和评论中)”可知，当鲁迪情绪崩溃时，费尔南多感到非常抱歉。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“That’s when a total stranger named Ian stopped to ask if she was okay. When Fernando explained what was going on, as if it was the most natural thing in the world to do, Ian lay down on the ground close to Rudy and engaged him in conversation.(就在这时，一个名叫伊恩的陌生人停下来问她是否还好。当费尔南多解释发生了什么时，伊恩就好像这是世界上最自然的事情一样，躺在地上靠近鲁迪并与他交谈)”以及第六段“The calming action quickly turned the situation around.(这个安抚的举动很快扭转了局面)”可知，一个陌生人伊恩帮助鲁迪冷静了下来。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“When Fernando explained what was going on, as if it was the most natural thing in the world to do, Ian lay down on the ground close to Rudy and engaged him in conversation.(当费尔南多解释发生了什么时，伊恩就好像这是世界上最自然的事情一样，躺在地上靠近鲁迪并与他交谈)”以及第六段“After Rudy recovered, Ian walked Rudy and his mom back to their car.(鲁迪恢复后，伊恩送鲁迪和他的妈妈回到他们的车上)”可知，伊恩与鲁迪交谈，并帮助鲁迪和他的妈妈回到车上，由此可推知，伊恩是个关心他人的人。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“In addition to her gratitude, Fernando hopes Ian’s unselfish behavior might inspire others to look deeper before making social judgments themselves.(除了感激之外，费尔南多希望伊恩的无私行为能激励其他人在自己做出社会判断之前更深入地思考)”、倒数第二段““It’s said a lot at the moment, ‘In a world where you can be anything, be kind,’” she wrote. “Words are easy, but these actions are not always so easy. This man is living the words and I couldn’t be more grateful.”(她写道：“现在有很多人说，‘在一个你可以成为任何人的世界里，要善良。’”。“言语很容易，但这些行动并不总是那么容易。这个人活在言语中，我感激不尽。” )”以及最后一段“Sometimes it takes a moment of kindness from a complete stranger to completely change your day.(有时候，一个完全陌生的人的片刻善意就能彻底改变你的一天)”可知，费尔南多希望通过自己的经历传达简单的善举能对他人产生深远影响的信息。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京·期中） American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee. Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. “It’s not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor,” said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.” Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. “The culture shock wasn’t that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.” After he settled into a routine. Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including Kungfu-training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe. Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas. His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there. Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake. 1．What did Pinnick’s family think of his idea of learning Kungfu? A．Creative. B．Disappointing. C．Challenging. D．Unrealistic. 2．What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China? A．His fluent Chinese. B．The friendly local culture. C．His peaceful nature. D．Other foreign teachers there. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Pinnick planned to leave for Hollywood when he was a kid. B．At the start, Pinnick needn’t spend much time in learning Chinese. C．Pinnick began to write a book after he settled in Wudang Academy. D．Pinnick’s life now consists of training, teaching and studying. 4．What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China? A．A large fortune. B．A career choice. C．A Kungfu certificate. D．A good reputation. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自美国小镇的Jake Pinnick在中国武当功夫学院学习武术，深入体验中国文化，并最终决定将所学带回美国教给更多人的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中““It’s not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor, " said the 30-year-old.” “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.” (‘说这种话并不常见，但孩子们想离开基瓦尼这样的地方是很正常的。大多数孩子说他们想搬到好莱坞，成为一名演员。”这位30岁的Pinnick说：‘当我第一次想到它时，我自己也在做白日梦。”)”可知，Pinnick的家人认为他学习功夫的想法是不现实的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. (Pinnick说，过了一会儿，他发现自己在武当的家比在科瓦尼的家更自在。当地人非常欢迎并愿意参与)”可知，友好的当地文化主要帮助Pinnick适应了中国的生活。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. (他现在的生活围绕着训练、教学和学习)”可知，Pinnick现在的生活包括训练、教学和学习。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake. (Pinnick说，他的目标是一天回到美国，把他所学到的知识传授给别人。回顾他那令人惊叹的旅程，Pinnick说，他已经从一个拥有无法摆脱的白日梦的美国小镇孩子成长为一个取得了巨大进步的人。)”可知，Pinnick从他在中国的经历中获得了职业选择。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （2023·北京·期中） Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie’s feet, when Father cleared his throat and began, “You’ll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We’ve found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England.” His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. “But the lion,” he cried, “What about the lion?” “I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,” his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days. “No! You can’t send him to a circus!” said Bertie. “People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!” But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up. Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father’s deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he crept downstairs in his pyjamas, took down his father’s rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion’s neck. The time had come. “Be wild now,” he whispered. “You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you, I promise I will.” He buried his head in the lion’s neck. Then, Bertie clambered down off the hill and walked away. When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked. There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head. 1．Bertie’s mother was sad probably because she . A．knew Bertie would hate to go to England B．knew selling the lion would upset Bertie C．had decided to send Bertie to school D．had been seriously ill recently 2．In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle at the lion to . A．protect himself from the lion B．show his anger towards his father C．kill the lion out of fear D．threaten the lion back to the wild 3．The passage intends to show that . A．people and animals can be faithful to each other B．animals usually lead a miserable life in circuses C．parents are sometimes cruel to their children D．animal-hunting is popular in Africa 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bertie的父母想把狮子卖给马戏团，为了狮子能够重获自由，Bertie虽万般不舍，最后依然含泪把白狮赶回大自然的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad.(Bertie感觉到有事要发生。他的母亲最近几天一直很伤心，不是生病，只是奇怪地伤心。)”、第三段“‘I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,’ his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days.(‘我恐怕还有别的事情要告诉你，’他的父亲说。他望向Bertie的母亲，深吸了一口气。然后他告诉Bertie，他遇到了一位来自法国的马戏团老板，这位老板正在非洲寻找狮子购买。他几天后会来到他们的农场。)”和第五段中“‘No! You can’t send him to a circus!’ said Bertie. ‘People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!’( ‘不!你不能把他送到马戏团去!’Bertie说。‘人们会来看他。他会被关起来的。我答应过他，他永远不会这样的。他们会嘲笑他。他宁愿死。任何动物都会这样的!’)”可推知，Bertie的妈妈知道Bertie非常喜欢狮子，把狮子卖给马戏团会让Bertie很伤心，因此她为Bertie感到很难过。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第七段“When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked.(当他回头看时，狮子仍然坐在那里看着他；但接着狮子站了起来，打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰，然后向他跳了下来。Bertie冲它喊叫，但它还是不断靠近。他扔木棍。他扔石头。什么都不管用。)”和最后一段“There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head.(只剩下一件事要做了。他眼里和嘴里都噙着泪水，把步枪举到肩上，在狮子头的上方开了一枪。)”可推知，狮子不愿离开Bertie，所以他只能举起步枪向狮子上方开枪，这样做是为了威胁狮子回到野外，这样狮子才能获得自由。故选D。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第六段中“‘Be wild now,’ he whispered. ‘You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you. I promise I will.’( ‘去野外吧，’他低声说。‘你必须去野外。永远不要回来。我一辈子都会想你的。我保证我会的。’)”和第七段“When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked.(当他回头看时，狮子仍然坐在那里看着他；但接着狮子站了起来，打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰，然后向他跳了下来。Bertie冲它喊叫，但它还是不断靠近。他扔木棍。他扔石头。什么都不管用。)”可知，文章讲述了Bertie的父母想把狮子卖给马戏团，Bertie为了保护狮子，虽万般不舍，最后依然含泪把白狮赶回大自然的故事。文章意在表明人和动物之间的忠诚和相互信赖。故选A。 Passage 2 （2022·北京·期中） There are many kinds of heroes. Even animals can be heroes. This month’s newsletter tells about three amazing animals. Each one is a hero! Thumper the Dog Thumper was a dog that lived with a family which had a three-year-old son named Benjamin. One day Benjamin wandered into a large field. The grass in the field was taller than he was, so he could not find his way out. Hundreds of people began to search for Benjamin. When they found him, they saw Thumper stayed with Benjamin and kept him warm. So Benjamin had stayed safe and calm.Lulu the Pig The Altsmans had a pet pig named Lulu. One summer the couple went camping and took Lulu with them. The husband went fishing one morning. The wife didn’t feel well, so she and Lulu stayed in the camper. Suddenly Mrs. Altsman fell to the floor. Lulu pushed the camper door open and climbed out to locate help. When a car came by, she lay down in front of it. When the driver got out, Lulu led him back to the camper. The man called for help and Mrs. Altsman was taken to hospital.Sugar the Cat Sugar was a beautiful cat. Three years ago she wandered onto the Woods’ farm in California and Mrs. Woods began feeding her. Mrs. Woods noticed something wrong with the cat’s left leg, but this didn’t make Sugar any less special. Mrs. Woods loved Sugar. Later the couple moved to a new farm in Oklahoma. They gave Sugar to a neighbor who would take good care of her, because they knew she wouldn’t like riding in cars for days. However, Sugar walked across deserts and mountains and traveled more than 1,500 miles to the Woods’ new farm! Mr. and Mrs. Woods could hardly believe their eyes. No one knows how Sugar found her way to Oklahoma. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Lovely pigs. B．Unknown heroes. C．New friends. D．Amazing animals. 2．How did Thumper help Benjamin? A．By searching for him in the field. B．By finding the way out for him. C．By staying with him all the time. D．By cutting the grass around him. 3．Why did Lulu lie down on the road? A．To get help. B．To watch the cars. C．To have a sleep. D．To ask for a lift. 4．What did Sugar do in the story? A．Sugar tried to find help. B．Sugar protected her owners. C．Sugar went camping with her owners. D．Sugar went a long way to find her owners. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了三个动物英雄的故事。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“There are many kinds of heroes. Even animals can be heroes. This month’s newsletter tells about three amazing animals. Each one is a hero!(英雄有很多种。甚至动物也可以成为英雄。这个月的时事通讯讲述了三种神奇的动物。每个人都是英雄!)”和下文Thumper the Dog、Lulu the Pig和Sugar the Cat可知，本文讲述了三个动物英雄的故事，它们都是神奇的动词。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When they found him, they saw Thumper stayed with Benjamin and kept him warm. So Benjamin had stayed safe and calm.(当他们找到他时，他们看到Thumper和Benjamin呆在一起，为他保暖。这样确保了Benjamin安然无恙，心平气和)”可知，Thumper一直和Benjamin呆 在一起，确保了他的安全。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When a car came by, she lay down in front of it. When the driver got out, Lulu led him back to the camper. The man called for help and Mrs. Altsman was taken to hospital.(当一辆汽车经过时，她躺在汽车前面。司机下车后，Lulu把他带回露营车。这名男子打电话求救，阿尔茨曼太太被送往医院 ) ”可推知，Lulu躺在路上是为了拦车寻求帮助。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, Sugar walked across deserts and mountains and traveled more than 1,500 miles to the Woods’ new farm!(然而，Sugar却穿越沙漠和山脉，跋涉了1500多英里来到了伍兹的新农场!)”可知，Sugar跋涉了1500多英里去寻找自己的主人。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $