专题01 语法归纳：过去分词（短语）作状语（期中复习讲义）高二英语下学期北师大版

专题01 语法归纳：过去分词（短语）作状语（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 过去分词(短语)作状语 1. 掌握过去分词与主语之间的被动/完成逻辑关系。 高频考点。常在语法填空中考查主被动判断；在阅读长难句中考查理解能力。 2. 能识别时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、结果六种状语功能。 3. 能在写作中运用过去分词作状语提升表达简洁性。 知识梳理·方法技巧 一、核心概念 过去分词（短语）作状语时，与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系（即主语是分词动作的承受者），表示被动或完成。它相当于一个状语从句。 例：Asked about his address, the little boy didn't respond. （＝When he was asked about his address...） 2、 六种功能及位置 功能 常用位置 相当于 例句 时间状语 句首 when / while / after 从句 Asked about his address, the boy didn't respond. 原因状语 句首 because / as 从句 Annoyed at the decision, he refused to attend. 条件状语 句首 if / unless 从句 Given more time, they would do better. 让步状语 句首/句末 though / although 从句 Left alone at home, John wasn't afraid. 伴随状语 句末 and 并列句 The teacher entered, followed by students. 结果状语 句末 and 并列句 The cup fell, broken. 三、核心原则：逻辑主语一致性 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。 记忆口诀： 分词作状语，主语是问题；前后两动作，共用一主语； 主语找出后，再来判关系；主动用-ing，被动用-ed。 四、与现在分词作状语的区别 比较维度 过去分词 (done) 现在分词 (doing) 与主语关系 被动 / 完成 主动 / 进行 例句 Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful. 句意 由于被用了很久，书很旧。 使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。 五、特殊情况 1. 与连词连用：可保留 when, while, if, though 等连词，看作状语从句的省略。 Even if invited, I won't go. 2. 系表结构：某些过去分词已形容词化，如 lost in, seated, dressed in, absorbed in，不表示被动。 Absorbed in his book, he didn't notice me. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 （2025·北京市海淀区·高二期中） ______ for a long time, the book looks old. A. Using B. Used C. To use D. Use 【答案】 B 【解析】 考查过去分词作状语。句意：由于用了很长时间，这本书看起来很旧。主语“the book”与use为被动关系（书被使用），故用过去分词Used。 即时检测 1.（2025·山东省·高二期末） ______ by his speech, the students decided to protect the environment. A. Inspiring B. Inspired C. To inspire D. Inspire 2.（2025·广东省·期中） ______ from the hill, the city looks very beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 【答案】 1. B 2. B 【解析】 1. 学生们被演讲鼓舞，用Inspired。2. 城市被看，用Seen。 典例02 （2024·全国乙卷·改编） When ______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting. A. asking B. asked C. being asked D. having asked 【答案】 B 【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。When he was asked → When asked，主语he与ask为被动关系。 解｜题｜技｜巧 非谓语作状语，第一步找逻辑主语（通常为主句主语），第二步判主动/被动，第三步定形式（主动doing，被动done）。 即时检测 1.（2025·江苏省·高三模拟） ______ in a white dress, the little girl looks very cute. A. Dressing B. Dressed C. To dress D. Dress 2.（2025·浙江省·高二联考） ______ more time, we would have done it better. A. Give B. Giving C. Given D. To give 【答案】 1. B 2. C 【解析】 1. 小女孩被穿着连衣裙，dressed in固定搭配。2. 我们被给时间，Given more time。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 单句语法填空 1．Broken(break) down on the high way, his car was carried away by the police. 2．Compared(compare) with you, I still have a long way to go. 3．The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, wounded(wound) in the head. 4．Exactly speaking(speak), he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 5．The woman sitting there under the tree, dressed(dress) in a blue shirt, is our headmaster. 6．Encouraged(encourage) by the progress he has made, he works harder. 7．Satisfied(satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 8．Explained(explain) a hundred times, he still can't understand it. 9．Asked(ask) why she was late, Wendy went red in the face. 10．Considering(consider) he was just a little boy, we didn't punish him. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 语法与写作 1．我们沐浴在农场的阳光下，欢呼雀跃着。 Bathed in the sunshine on the farm, we jumped and cheered with joy. 2．如果他有空，他肯定会来。 Provided (that) he is free, he is sure to come. 3．受到老师的责备，这个男孩非常难过。 Blamed by the teacher, the boy was in low spirits. 4．由于专心于科学研究，他没有时间放松。 Absorbed in his science research, he has no time to relax. 5．因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 6．从月亮上看时，地球是蓝色的。 Seen from the moon, the earth looks blue. 7．从他的口音来判断，他是湖南人。 Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 8．考虑到时间不早了，我们就没有讨论这个问题。 Considering it was late, we didn't discuss the question. 9．由于在事故中受伤了，这个运动员不得不退出了比赛。 Injured in the accident, the player had to drop out of the match. 10．如果再多给我几分钟，我会完成全部工作。 Given a few more minutes, I'll finish the whole work. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 语法填空 Qian Zhongshu was 1.________ Chinese scholar and writer，2.________(know) for his wit and erudition (博学). Despite failing in mathematics, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his excellent 3.________(perform) in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was 4.________(become) a successful playwright and translator, and married her in 1935.In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship to 5.________(far) his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed 6.________ the University of Oxford in Britain. After 7.________(spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a Bachelor of Literature. He then studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France before returning to China in 1938. Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, 8.________ was then under Japanese occupation. Many of his works were written or published during this period of time. A collection of short 9.________(essay), Written in the Margins of Life, 10.________(publish) in 1941.His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947.On the Art of Poetry, written in classical Chinese, came out in 1948. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了钱钟书先生的故事。 1．a　解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一位中国学者和作家，应用不定冠词，Chinese是发音以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。 2．known　解析：考查非谓语动词。know与主语Qian Zhongshu是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。 3．performance　解析：考查名词。空前为形容词，故此处应用名词，performance意为“表现”时，是不可数名词，应用performance。 4．to become　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处描述的是后来发生的事情，应用动词不定式作表语，表将来，应用to become。 5．further　解析：考查词形转换。根据句意及空前的to可知，此处应用动词further，短语“further his studies abroad”意为“到国外深造”。 6．for/towards　解析：考查固定搭配。head for/towards意为“向……行进，前往……”，为固定搭配。 7．spending　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处位于介词after之后，应用动名词。 8．which　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。空处应用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which指代先行词Shanghai。 9．essays　解析：考查名词复数。根据空前A collection of可知，不止一篇文章，应用名词复数。 10．was published　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。时间状语in 1941是过去的时间，时态应用一般过去时；主语A collection与publish是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语A collection是单数形式，谓语动词也应用单数，应填was published。 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语法归纳：过去分词（短语）作状语（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 过去分词(短语)作状语 1. 掌握过去分词与主语之间的被动/完成逻辑关系。 高频考点。常在语法填空中考查主被动判断；在阅读长难句中考查理解能力。 2. 能识别时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、结果六种状语功能。 3. 能在写作中运用过去分词作状语提升表达简洁性。 知识梳理·方法技巧 一、核心概念 过去分词（短语）作状语时，与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系（即主语是分词动作的承受者），表示被动或完成。它相当于一个状语从句。 例：Asked about his address, the little boy didn't respond. （＝When he was asked about his address...） 2、 六种功能及位置 功能 常用位置 相当于 例句 时间状语 句首 when / while / after 从句 Asked about his address, the boy didn't respond. 原因状语 句首 because / as 从句 Annoyed at the decision, he refused to attend. 条件状语 句首 if / unless 从句 Given more time, they would do better. 让步状语 句首/句末 though / although 从句 Left alone at home, John wasn't afraid. 伴随状语 句末 and 并列句 The teacher entered, followed by students. 结果状语 句末 and 并列句 The cup fell, broken. 三、核心原则：逻辑主语一致性 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。 记忆口诀： 分词作状语，主语是问题；前后两动作，共用一主语； 主语找出后，再来判关系；主动用-ing，被动用-ed。 四、与现在分词作状语的区别 比较维度 过去分词 (done) 现在分词 (doing) 与主语关系 被动 / 完成 主动 / 进行 例句 Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful. 句意 由于被用了很久，书很旧。 使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。 五、特殊情况 1. 与连词连用：可保留 when, while, if, though 等连词，看作状语从句的省略。 Even if invited, I won't go. 2. 系表结构：某些过去分词已形容词化，如 lost in, seated, dressed in, absorbed in，不表示被动。 Absorbed in his book, he didn't notice me. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 （2025·北京市海淀区·高二期中） ______ for a long time, the book looks old. A. Using B. Used C. To use D. Use 即时检测 1.（2025·山东省·高二期末） ______ by his speech, the students decided to protect the environment. A. Inspiring B. Inspired C. To inspire D. Inspire 2.（2025·广东省·期中） ______ from the hill, the city looks very beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 典例02 （2024·全国乙卷·改编） When ______ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting. A. asking B. asked C. being asked D. having asked 解｜题｜技｜巧 非谓语作状语，第一步找逻辑主语（通常为主句主语），第二步判主动/被动，第三步定形式（主动doing，被动done）。 即时检测 1.（2025·江苏省·高三模拟） ______ in a white dress, the little girl looks very cute. A. Dressing B. Dressed C. To dress D. Dress 2.（2025·浙江省·高二联考） ______ more time, we would have done it better. A. Give B. Giving C. Given D. To give 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 单句语法填空 1．__________(break) down on the high way, his car was carried away by the police. 2．___________(compare) with you, I still have a long way to go. 3．The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, _____________(wound) in the head. 4．Exactly ______________(speak), he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 5．The woman sitting there under the tree, ____________(dress) in a blue shirt, is our headmaster. 6．_______________(encourage) by the progress he has made, he works harder. 7．______________(satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 8．______________(explain) a hundred times, he still can't understand it. 9．__________(ask) why she was late, Wendy went red in the face. 10．_______________(consider) he was just a little boy, we didn't punish him. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 语法与写作 1．我们沐浴在农场的阳光下，欢呼雀跃着。 ____________________________________, we jumped and cheered with joy. 2．如果他有空，他肯定会来。 ___________________________________, he is sure to come. 3．受到老师的责备，这个男孩非常难过。 ____________________________, the boy was in low spirits. 4．由于专心于科学研究，他没有时间放松。 ________________________________, he has no time to relax. 5．因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 ___________________________, he was all wet. 6．从月亮上看时，地球是蓝色的。 __________________________, the earth looks blue. 7．从他的口音来判断，他是湖南人。 __________________________, he is from Hunan. 8．考虑到时间不早了，我们就没有讨论这个问题。 __________________________, we didn't discuss the question. 9．由于在事故中受伤了，这个运动员不得不退出了比赛。 __________________________, the player had to drop out of the match. 10．如果再多给我几分钟，我会完成全部工作。 ________________________________, I'll finish the whole work. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 语法填空 Qian Zhongshu was 1.________ Chinese scholar and writer，2.________(know) for his wit and erudition (博学). Despite failing in mathematics, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his excellent 3.________(perform) in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was 4.________(become) a successful playwright and translator, and married her in 1935.In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship to 5.________(far) his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed 6.________ the University of Oxford in Britain. After 7.________(spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a Bachelor of Literature. He then studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France before returning to China in 1938. Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, 8.________ was then under Japanese occupation. Many of his works were written or published during this period of time. A collection of short 9.________(essay), Written in the Margins of Life, 10.________(publish) in 1941.His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947.On the Art of Poetry, written in classical Chinese, came out in 1948. 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $