专题03 语法（表语从句、主谓一致）&写作（介绍一位优秀人物、介绍战争英雄）（期中复习讲义）高二英语下学期外研版

专题03语法（表语从句、主谓一致）&写作（介绍一位优秀人物、介绍战争英雄）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 知识点02 知识点03 知识点04 知识点05 知识点06 知识点07 知识点08 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 表语从句 熟练运用表语从句的连接词。 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 主谓一致 熟练运用主谓一致中意义一致的用法。 高频易错点，常出现在语法填空题中 介绍一位优秀人物 介绍一位优秀人物的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 介绍战争英雄 介绍战争英雄的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 表语从句 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用 ①My feeling is that they're going to be big one day. ②The question is whether she will offer to help me. ③China is no longer what it used to be. ④This is what makes them so special. ⑤A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages，eggs and coffee. ⑥From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. ⑦It seemed as if/though the world were coming to an end! ⑧The reason why I'm calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party. 以上句子均为表语从句，具体分析如下： 1．①⑧句是that引导的表语从句， that不充当句子成分。 2．由句②可知，表示“是否”时，用whether引导表语从句。 3．③④⑤句是连接代词或连接副词引导的表语从句。 4．because(如句⑥)，as if/though(如句⑦)也可以引导表语从句。 5．由句⑧可知，主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的引导词要用that，而不用why。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、表语从句的概述 在复合句中作表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。含有表语从句的复合句的一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain, appear等。另外，because, as if, as though, as, like等也可引导表语从句。 二、表语从句的引导词 1．从属连词：that, whether等； 2．连接代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 3．连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。 三、表语从句的类型 1．从属连词that, whether引导的表语从句 that，whether只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分。that无实义，一般不可省略，whether意为“是否”，不能换成if(一般不用if引导表语从句)。 The trouble is that he has lost his money.麻烦是他丢了钱。 The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。 2．连接代词引导的表语从句 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，连接代词不能省略。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。 3．连接副词引导的表语从句 连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等除在句子中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。 Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把外套拿来，就在你原来放的地方。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That's why I got wet through.我既没雨衣也没雨伞，这就是我淋湿的原因。 That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 4．because/why引导的表语从句 because与why引导表语从句的区别：because引导的表语从句强调原因；why引导的表语从句强调结果。 That's because he didn't understand me.那是因为他不理解我。 This is why I think my happiest days will be in the future.这就是我认为自己最快乐的日子会在将来的原因。 —You look tired. —That may be because I didn't have a good sleep last night. ——你看起来很累。 ——那可能是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。 [名师点津]　如果主句主语是reason，表语从句的连接词用that，不能用why或because。常见的句型为“The reason why ...is that ...” The reason why he came late is that he got up late.(that不能换成because) 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 四、表语从句使用虚拟语气的情况 1．as if, as though 引导的表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。此类表语从句常跟在特定的动词后面，如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。as if/as though引导的表语从句用虚拟语气时，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”；如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 You look as if you've had a good time.(陈述语气)你看起来好像玩得很开心。 They talked as if they had been good friends for years.(虚拟语气)他们说起话来好像是多年的好朋友似的。 2．如果主句的主语是advice, demand, order, suggestion, requirement, request, command等时，表语从句用虚拟语气，动词形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。 The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English every day. 我们老师给的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。 Her request is that the doctor (should) be sent for at once.她要求立即派人请医生来。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）We needn’t bother with accommodation in New York. That is ______ my sister there has offered to help. A．which B．that C．what D．why 【答案】C 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们在纽约不必为住宿发愁，我在那里的姐姐已经提出要帮忙。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少help的宾语，所以此处使用连接代词what，指的是“……的事情”符合句意。故选C项。 即时检测 一．用适当的关联词填空 ①That's accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. ②The question is we can reduce the cost of the product. ③But the truth is the homeless are everywhere. ④What concerns me most is will be our teacher next term. ⑤Why not try your luck downtown? That's the best jobs are. 【答案】1.what 2.whether 3.that 4.who 5.where 二.单句语法填空 1．The reason for your mistake is you lack confidence in yourself. 2．That's we should do at once. 3．The doubt is has got away with the document. 4．He looked he was ill. 5．The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal. 6．The problem is we can find them there. 7．This is I don't agree with you. 8．The question is we can get in touch with him. 9．The problem is will come to replace her. 10．Tom left immediately.That's he only had 10 minutes to get to his next job! 【答案】1.that 2.what 3.who 4.as if/as though 5.when 6.whether 7.where 8.how 9.who 10.because 三.短文语法填空 I read a report last night.The content was 1. a lot of people died in a traffic accident.But the reason why I was sad is not 2. the accident caused great damage.What astonished me most is 3. some babies lost their lives.That's 4. I want to remind.However, the problem is 5. the government has taken some measures to deal with it and 6. we can help them.My suggestion is 7. we should obey the traffic rules.That's 8. we should be responsible for ourselves, as well as others. 【答案】1.that 2.that 3.that 4.what 5.whether 6.how 7.that 8.because 主谓一致(一) 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。 ①The enemy were hiding，ready to attack the Allied soldiers... ②Your enemy is well trained，well equipped and battle­hardened... ③My family is a happy one. ④It's my favourite film and my family love watching it，too. ⑤The class were very interested in Mr. Zhang's teaching. ⑥Politics is the study of the ways in which countries are governed. ⑦Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers. ⑧To be strict with oneself is a good quality of a person. 1．①②③④⑤句中，enemy，family，class等集体名词表示整体时，谓语动词用单数；表示组成集体的成员时，谓语动词用复数。 2．句⑥中，学科名词politics(政治)等常看作单数概念，谓语动词用单数。 3．句⑦⑧中，动名词或不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 1．集体名词作主语时的主谓一致 (1)集体名词作主语，如果表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词就用单数形式；如果强调组成集体的个体成员时，谓语动词就用复数形式。常见的这类名词有family，class，team，group，enemy，army，audience, band, club，crowd，staff，committee，company, crew, government, public等。 The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 The committee consists of 10 members.委员会由十个成员组成。 The committee haven't reached any agreement.委员们没有达成任何一致意见。 (2)个别集体名词，如people，police，cattle等作主语，谓语动词必须用复数形式。 The police are investigating the case.警方正在调查这个案件。 The cattle are grazing in the field.牛群正在牧场吃草。 Many cattle were killed for this.就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。 2．单数名词作主语，后面紧跟as well as，rather than, but，except，besides，with，along with，together with，like，including，in addition to，combined with等时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The teacher as well as the students is ready to help others.不仅学生们乐于助人，老师也乐于助人。 The girl together with some boys has gone to plant trees.那个女孩和一些男孩一起去植树了 。 3．单复数同形的名词作主语时的主谓一致 单复数同形的名词作主语时，根据其意义是单数概念还是复数概念来判断谓语用单数还是用复数。如means方式，方法，sheep羊，deer鹿，works工厂等。 Every means has been tried many times.每一种办法都已经试过多次了。 All possible means have been tried many times.所有可能的方法都已经试过很多次了。 This works was built in 1982.这座工厂是1982年建的。 By far，three steel works have been closed down in this city.到目前为止，这个城市已经关闭了三座钢铁厂。 4．单数概念的复数形式名词作主语时的主谓一致 单数概念的复数形式名词(如学科、机构、书名、剧名、国名等)作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。如physics 物理，mathematics/maths 数学，economics 经济学，politics政治学，gymnastics体操，the United States 美国，the United Nations联合国，A Dream in Red Mansions(The Story of the Stone) 《红楼梦》，Anderson's Fairy Tales 《安徒生童话集》 等。 As we know，physics is a fundamental subject in science.我们知道物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科。 Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课。 The United States is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。 The New York Times is widely read in the world.《纽约时报》在全世界被广泛阅览。 5．“两部分” 概念的物体名词作主语时的主谓一致 由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但是如果这些词由单位词(a pair of，a kind of, a suit of，a piece of 等)修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。这类名词如chopsticks, compasses，glasses, gloves，jeans，pants，scissors，shoes，shorts，socks，trousers等。 My trousers are white.我的裤子是白色的。 Why are your shoes so dirty?为什么你的鞋子那么脏？ A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.一把剪刀放在那个抽屉里。 These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.这种眼镜今年夏天很受欢迎。 6．名词短语(距离、时间、长度、金额等)作主语时的主谓一致 当名词短语的中心词为表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的复数名词时，往往把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。这类复数名词有miles，dollars，pounds，kilograms，kilometres，centimeters, millimeters，seconds，hours，years等。 Five dollars seems a fair price.五美元看起来是一个公道的价格。 Two kilometres is not very far for the young man.对那个年轻人来说，两公里不是很远。 Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job.对于这么难的工作来说，五个小时是很短的时间。 7．more(...)than one.../many a...结构作主语时的主谓一致 “more than one/many a...＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数；“more＋复数名词＋than one” 作主语时，谓语用复数。 More than one white rose has bloomed in the garden.花园里开了不止一朵白玫瑰。 More white roses than one have bloomed in the garden.花园里开了许多白玫瑰。 Many a child was playing there.很多小孩在那儿玩。 8．“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时的主谓一致 “分数/百分数＋of＋名词” 构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词的数。 Two thirds of the students support the plan.三分之二的学生支持这项计划。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海。 Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing.公司80%的员工来自北京。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1.（24-25高二下·天津·期中）The team ______ members are all from different countries ______ very well together. A．whose; work B．which; works C．whose; works D．that; work 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：这个团队的成员都来自不同的国家，他们合作得很好。第一空引导限制性定语从句，句中先行词为team，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作名词members的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导；句子的主语是the team，这里把团队看作一个整体，一般现在时，谓语动词work要用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 即时检测 一．单句语法填空 ①His family (be) all important persons. ②People in this country (be)really happy. ③The police (be)searching for the criminals yesterday afternoon. ④The audience (be)clapping for over ten minutes. 【答案】1.are2.are3.were4.were 二．单句语法填空 ①Each possible means (try) again and again. ②The girl thinks politics (be) much more difficult than physics. ③The United Nations (report) about half of all people affected or killed by disasters are children. ④Anderson's Fairy Tales (be) my favourite novel. 1. has been tried2.is3.reports4.is 三．翻译句子 ①我上周买的太阳镜看起来很酷。 . ②上星期天公共汽车上留下了一副手套。 . ③他们走的最远的距离是两英里。 . 【答案】1.The sunglasses I bought last week look very cool. 2.A suit of gloves was left on the bus last Sunday. 3.Two miles is as far as they can walk. 四．翻译句子 ①不止一个学生考试未及格。(more than) . ②许多孩子都喜欢踢足球。(many a) . ③这所学校70%的教师是女性。(percent) . 【答案】1.More than one student has failed the exam. 2.Many a child likes playing football. 3.Seventy percent of the teachers in this school are women. 五.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．The audience (be)so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall. 2．Many a parent (have)had to go through this same painful process. 3．A group of sheep (be)eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill. 4．People (show) great love to the victims since the disaster happened. 5．Eight hours of sleep (be) enough. 6．Tom，together with his friends， (have) gone out to play. 7．A pair of glasses (be) lost on the playground yesterday afternoon. 8．Twenty dollars for the little poor girl (be) too much then. 9．This kind of apple (taste) good.Apples of this kind (taste) good. 10．The rich are for the plan，while the poor against it.(be) 【答案】1.is2.has3.are4.have shown5.is6.has7.was8.was9.tastes10.are 六.短文语法填空 L＝Lily　J＝James L: Wow, your new house is so beautiful! And all the rooms are decorated in an elegant style. J: Thank you.You know, it took us nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.And all the furniture 1. (select) carefully by my parents. L: That's great.But why did you paint your walls light blue? Is it a colour that can make you relaxed? J: I'm not sure, but my family 2. (like) the colour, so we painted the walls light blue. L: No wonder.Your brother's clothing 3. (be) very up to late.What does he do? Is he a barber? J: No.As a matter of fact, he is a singer and his audience 4. (be) mainly young people.Last year, my brother was invited to sing a song at our class's New Year Party, and all my class 5. (impress) by his performance. L: Wow, that's cool.I'm looking forward to watching his performance. 【答案】1.was selected2.like3.is4.are5.were impressed 介绍一位优秀人物 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 人物介绍的相关表达 开头: 简单地 介绍人 物　　 词汇 1.be born in 出生于　2.be considered/regarded as被认为是…… 句子 1.Confucius is a great thinker and educationist in ancient China.孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家。 2.Born in Yibin City, Sichuan Province in 1905, Zhao Yiman became a member of the Communist Party of China in 1926.赵一曼1905年出生于四川省宜宾市,1926年加入中国共产党。 主体: 介绍人 物的生 平和成 就等　 词汇 1.become interested in对……产生兴趣　2.show interest in表现出对……的兴趣 3.at an early age在年幼时 句子 1.Deng Yaping, whose hobby is playing ping-pong, has devoted herself to the sport after graduation.邓亚萍的爱好是打乒乓球,毕业后她全身心地投入到这项运动中。 2.Li Keran, a famous painter and art educator, developed a personal style of landscape painting.著名画家兼美术教育家李可染形成了自己的山水画风格。 3.Not only is he devoted to his research, but he also concerns himself with the welfare project.他不仅致力于自己的研究,而且还关心福利项目。 4.In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal, he became the idol of the youth.2006年,他打破了世界纪录并获得金牌,成为年轻人的偶像。 5.It is his hard training and his perseverance that lead to his breakthrough and success in swimming.正是他的刻苦训练和毅力使他在游泳方面取得了突破和成功。 6.Not only is she very strict with herself in her study and daily life, but she is also always ready to help others.她不但在学习和日常生活中严格要求自己,而且总是乐于帮助别人。 结尾: 评价人 物,表达 自己的 感想 词汇 1.ambitious adj.有抱负的,野心勃勃的　2.outstanding adj.杰出的 3.modest adj.谦虚的 4.painstaking adj.小心的;费尽心思的;精心的 5.be famous for因……而出名 6.dedicate oneself to致力于 句子/ 句型 1.Nie Er is considered as one of the greatest musical geniuses in the history of China and will be remembered by the Chinese people forever.聂耳被认为是中国历史上最伟大的音乐天才之一,中国人民将永远铭记他。 2.Due to his/her contribution to..., he/she was honoured with...由于他/她对……的贡献,他/她荣获…… 3.She/He sets a good example to us and we should...她/他为我们树立了好的榜样,我们应该…… 知识点02例题讲解 写作题目 　假定你是李华, 请根据下列提示,为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文,介绍你最崇拜的中国科学家梁建英。 　1.出生时间、地点:1972年4月出生于吉林省。 　2.职务:中国高铁总设计师。 　3.主要经历: 　(1) 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作; 　(2) 2007年她率领团队研制出国内首列运行时速为300—350千米的高速列车; 　(3) 2017年,“复兴号”以350千米的时速正式投入运营,在高铁运营领域取得了新的突破。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 参考词汇:高速列车G-Series High-Speed Train 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.devotion n.奉献,献身  2.innovation n.创新,革新  3.contribute to对……做出贡献  4.devote oneself to 献身于  5.make a breakthrough 取得突破  6.painstaking adj.费尽心思的  7.inspire vt.激励,激发  Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:介绍梁建英的出生时间、出生地点、职务及主要经历 (1)Liang Jianying was born in Jilin Province in April 1972 (于1972年4月出生于吉林省).  (2)Liang Jianying is the general designer (总设计师) of China's high-speed railway.  (3)Liang Jianying graduated in 1995 (于1995年毕业).  (4)She has been devoting herself to (一直致力于) the research of China's G-Series High-Speed Train since graduation.  (5)In 2007, she led her team to develop the first G-Series High-Speed Train in China which was operated at the speed of (以……的速度) 300-350 kph.  (6)In 2017, the Fuxing train was put into service (投入使用) officially with the speed of 350 kph.  (7)A new breakthrough was made (取得了新的突破)in the operation of the high-speed railway.   第二段:表达自己的感想 (8)Liang Jianying has set a good example to us (为我们树立了一个好的榜样).   (9)Her spirit of painstaking devotion and innovation inspires us to study hard (她的艰苦奉献和创新精神激励着我们努力学习) and contribute to the development of our country in the future.   2.句式升级 (10)用同位语合并句(1)和句(2) Liang Jianying, general designer of China's high-speed railway, was born in Jilin Province in April 1972.　 (11)用since引导的时间状语从句合并句(3)和句(4) Since she graduated in 1995, Liang Jianying has been devoting herself to the research of China's G-Series High-Speed Train. (12)用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并句(6)和句(7) In 2017, the Fuxing train was put into service officially with the speed of 350 kph, which made a new breakthrough in the operation of the high-speed railway.　 (13)用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句(9) Inspired by her spirit of painstaking devotion and innovation, we will study hard and contribute to the development of our country in the future. 知识点03 连句成篇 Liang Jianying, general designer of China's high-speed railway,was born in Jilin Province in April 1972. Since she graduated in 1995.Liang Jianying has been devoting herself to the research of China's G-Series High-Speed Train. In 2007, she led her team to develop the first G-Series High-Speed Train in China which was operated at the speed of 300-350 kph. In 2017, the Fuxing train was put into service officially with the speed of 350 kph, which made a new breakthrough in the operation of the high-speed railway. Liang Jianying has set a good example to us. Inspired by her spirit of painstaking devotion and innovation, we will study hard and contribute to the development of our country in the future. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你校英语报“Great People”专栏正在征文,请写一篇短文,介绍你心目中最具工匠精神的名人,并投稿。内容包括: 　　1.个人简介; 　　2.主要贡献; 　　3.事迹及荣誉。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】 　　Born in July 1924 in Beijing, Chia-ying Yeh is a Chinese-born Canadian poet and scholar of classical Chinese literature. 　　Professor Yeh devoted herself to carrying forward classical Chinese poetry. And with the popularity of her wonderful works, she has become famous among the people who love Chinese poetry. Apart from her academic contributions, she also donated about 35 million yuan to Nankai University to support the study of traditional Chinese culture. 　　Professor Yeh has demonstrated the spirit of craftsmanship in the spread of Chinese culture and truly deserves our respect. 1.重点词汇 ①devote oneself to献身于;致力于 ②apart from除了……外(还) ③donate vt.捐赠,赠送 ④demonstrate v.展现 (才能、品质、感情);证明 ⑤deserve one's respect值得某人的尊重 2.亮点句型 And with the popularity of her wonderful works, she has become famous among the people who love Chinese poetry.(who引导定语从句)随着她的优秀作品的流行,她在热爱中国诗歌的人群中变得出名了。  介绍战争英雄 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于介绍战争英雄的表达 开头: 英雄简介 词汇 serve the country为国家服务 be known for his bravery因他的勇敢而出名 join the army参军 句子/ 句型 1. ..., who was born in...and died in..., was a hero making great contributions to...　……生于……死于……,是为……做出巨大贡献的英雄。 2.He was born into a poor peasant family.他出生在一个贫苦的农民家庭。 3.During...he was once the commander of the 5th Regiment.……时期,他曾任第五团团长。 4.He was a military general and national hero during the Ming Dynasty.他是明朝时期的一位将军和民族英雄。 5.Due to his great contributions to..., he was honoured with...由于对……的重大贡献,他荣获…… 主体:介绍 英雄事迹 词汇 have confidence in oneself对自己很有信心 be determined to fight against the enemy下定决心同敌人作战 make it through渡过难关 句子 1.To make his army comrades avoid the search of the invaders, he used his hand to hold up the explosive bag and pull the fuse to blow up the blockhouse.为了使战友们避开侵略者的搜索,他用手托起炸药包,拔掉导火索,炸毁碉堡。 2.He opened up the way for the troops with his life and died when he was only 19 years old. 他用生命为部队开辟了道路,牺牲时年仅19岁。 3.He had been arrested and jailed for five times, but he never gave in. 他曾五次被捕入狱,但他从未屈服。 结尾: 发表看法 词汇 set an example to us为我们树立榜样 be remembered as a great hero作为伟大的英雄为人们所铭记 句子 1.He devoted his most precious life to the national liberation.他为民族解放献出了自己宝贵的生命。 2.His spirit of defending the country will last forever. 他保卫祖国的精神将永存。 3.Her great heroic image and brilliant achievements always inspire the Chinese people to persevere and forge ahead. 她的伟大英雄形象和光辉成就一直激励着中国人民坚持不懈、开拓进取。 知识点02 例题解析 写作题目 　　假如你是李华,你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰替父从军的故事。请你用英文给他回信,要点如下: 　　1.花木兰的生平事迹; 　　2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear Peter, I'm glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan who joined the army for her father. Yours, Li Hua 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学短语 1.at war交战,打仗   2.a sense of commitment忠诚感  3.on standby待命  4.be different from与……不同   5.have confidence in对……有信心  6.prepare for为……做准备  7.come up with想出  8.make it幸免于难,渡过难关;获得成功   9.a symbol of……的象征   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:介绍写信的目的 (1)I'll tell you the Chinese version of the story, slightly different from (稍微不同于) the film.   第二部分:简要介绍花木兰替父从军的故事 (2) As a male, Mulan's father was supposed to be a soldier on standby(待命) and had the obligation tojoin the army (参军) when the country was at war (交战).   (3)He was so old and weak that (如此老弱以至于) he was unable to do so.  (4)With a sense of commitment (一种忠诚感), Mulan came up with (想出) the idea of dressing herself up (乔装打扮她自己) as a man and joining the army instead.  (5)She prepared for (为……做准备) the journey carefully in order not to be recognized.  (6)Mulan had confidence in (有信心) winning.   (7)Finally, Mulan made it (幸免于难)through the war.   第三部分:介绍花木兰在中国人心中的地位 (8)In China, Mulan is a symbol of (……的象征)independence, intelligence and bravery.   2.句式升级 (9)用“太……而不能……”结构改写句(3) He was too old and weak to do so. (10)用非限制性定语从句合并句(6)和句(7) Finally, Mulan, who had confidence in winning, made it through the war. 知识点03 Dear Peter. I'm glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan who joined the army for her father. I'll tell you the Chinese version of the story,slightly different from the film. As a male, Mulan's father was supposed to be a soldier on stand by and had the obligation to join the army when the country was at war However, he was too old and weak to do so.With a sense of commitment,Mulan came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joining the army instead. She prepared for the journey carefully in order not to be recognized. Finally, Mulan who had confidence in winning, made it through the war. 　In China, Mulan is a symbol of independence, intelligence and bravery. Yours, Li Hua  典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　你校英文报正在组织英语作文大赛。请你以“The war hero I respect”为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括: 　　1.人物简介; 　　2.尊敬的原因。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 The war hero I respect 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】　　 The war hero I respect 　　“Pure love, only for the country” is a sentence from the diary of the Chinese frontier soldier Chen Xiangrong, who died at the age of 18 in 2020. He gave his life to protecting the country and rescuing his fellow soldiers amongst violence. 　　His brave sacrifice is an inspiring lesson to Chinese youngsters, including me. After watching the video of his story, I could barely speak a single word. I live a peaceful life as a result of someone else's sacrifice. Heroes will and should always be remembered. 1.重点词汇 ①give one's life to...为……献出生命 ②rescue vt.援救;营救 ③sacrifice n.& v.牺牲 ④inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;激励的 ⑤barely adv.几乎不 ⑥as a result of由于 2.亮点句型 “Pure love, only for the country” is a sentence from the diary of the Chinese frontier soldier Chen Xiangrong, who died at the age of 18 in 2020.(who引导非限制性定语从句)“清澈的爱,只为中国”是中国边防战士陈祥榕日记中的一句话,他于2020年去世,年仅18岁。  考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一．单项选择 1．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）— I think online learning is just as effective as traditional classroom teaching. — That’s ______ I don’t agree. Face-to-face interaction is crucial for real understanding. A．where B．how C．when D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：——我认为在线学习和传统的课堂教学一样有效。——这就是我不同意的地方。面对面的交流对于真正的理解是至关重要的。A. where在哪里；B. how如何；C. when什么时候；D. what什么。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少抽象地点状语，故用where引导表语从句，表示“……的地方、……之处”。故选A。 2．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）Many things in the countryside, like the fresh air and peaceful environment, are ______ people living in big cities can’t enjoy. A．which B．where C．what D．that 【答案】C 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：乡村的许多事物，比如新鲜的空气和宁静的环境，是生活在大城市里的人们无法享受的。空处引导表语从句，且从句中enjoy缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导，表示“……的东西”。故选C。 3．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）The band added some hi-tech elements in their performance, which was ________ their show was different from others. A．what B．whether C．which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这支乐队在表演中加入了一些高科技元素，这正是他们的演出与其他演出的不同之处。分析句子结构可知，非限定性定语从句中was后接表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，所以用连接副词where引导。故选D。 4．（23-24高一下·全国·随堂练习）________ is special about the honey is ________ it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. A．It ; that B．As; whether C．What; that D．Which; whether 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这种蜂蜜的特别之处在于它是由中国最早的蜜蜂品种酿造的。第一空为主语从句引导词，且在从句中作主语，需用连接代词what表示“…… 的地方/特征”；第二空为表语从句引导词，从句结构完整，句意完整，所以需用连接词 that，无实义，仅起连接作用。故选C项。 5．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）The reason ________ John gave for being late was ________ he forgot to use the alarm clock. A．which; because B．why; because C．which; that D．that; because 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：约翰给出的迟到的理由是他忘了用闹钟。第一个空为定语从句，The reason为先行词，作定语从句中gave的宾语，关系代词为that或者which。第二个空为表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故选C。 6．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）I’ve been told that the medical team, ________ five doctors and ten nurses, ________ sent to the flood-stricken area. A．consisting of; are to be B．consists of; will be C．consisting of; is to be D．is consisted of; will be 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。句意：我听说，由五名医生和十名护士组成的医疗队将被派往洪水灾区。A. consisting of由……组成（现在分词）；are to be将会被；B. consists of由……组成（动词第三人称单数）；will be将会被；C. consisting of由……组成（现在分词）；is to be将会被；D. is consisted of错误结构（因为“consist”为不及物动词，无被动语态）；will be将会被。“________ five doctors and ten nurses”为之前名词短语“the medical team”的后置定语，动词短语“consist of”与其之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式“consisting of”；第二空为宾语从句的谓语部分，结合语境以及空后“sent”可推知，用表将来时的被动结构“will be done”或“am/is/are to be done”；且主语“the medical team”为集合名词，作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，即“will be sent”或“is to be sent”。故选C项。 7．（22-23高二下·广东深圳·期中）Large amounts of money ______  spent on the magnificent building, but the poor ________not allowed to have a single room. A．has been, are B．have been, is C．have been, are D．has been, is 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：大量的钱花在了这座宏伟的建筑上，但穷人却不能拥有一个单间。第一空主语money前有large amounts of修饰，谓语动词使用复数形式，排除A项和D项；第二空主语the poor，指一类人，谓语动词使用复数形式。故选C。 8．（22-23高二下·广东深圳·期中）Half of the class ________ most of the work, some of which ________ really difficult. A．have done; is B．has done; are C．has done; is D．have done; are 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：班上有一半的人完成了大部分作业，其中有些作业真的很难。此句为主从复合句，第一空在主句中作谓语动词，表示到目前为止班上有一半的人完成了大部分作业，用现在完成时，主语Half of the class指的是全班的一半的人，谓语动词用复数，填have done；第二空在非限制性定语从句中作谓语动词，此句陈述事实，用一般现在时，从句主语some of which中的which指代先行词work，从句谓语动词用第三人称单数，填is。故选A。 9．（21-22高二下·广东江门·期中）A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese painting tomorrow. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：一位诗人兼艺术家明天要来给我们讲中国画。根据主语“A poet and artist”，为单数，故谓语动词用单数。照应时间状语“tomorrow”可知，应为一般将来时，本句表示计划或安排，故用现在进行时表将来。故选A。 10．（22-23高二上·天津·期末）The dictionary is out of date. Many a word ___________ to the language since it was published. A．have been added B．were added C．has been added D．was added 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这本字典过时了。自从这本书出版以来，英语中又增加了许多新单词。add(增加)是句中谓语动词，与主语Many a word(许多单词)之间是被动关系，结合时间状语since it was published可知，描述从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，另外，“many a+单数名词”作主语，谓语用单数形式。综上，全句用现在未完成时的被动语态，单数形式。故填has been added。 二．单句语法填空 1．（23-24高二下·新疆阿克苏·月考）There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are we repeatedly do.” 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：根据亚里士多德的哲学，有一句名言：“反复做的事造就了我们。”分析句子可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句中缺宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以这里应用连接代词what。故填what。 2．（23-24高二下·广东东莞·期中）Her confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她的困惑是应该坚持自己的生活方式还是遵循美国的生活方式。空处引导表语从句，结合句意及or可知，此处使用whether引导从句，表示“是否”，故填whether。 3．（23-24高二下·黑龙江伊春·期中）My question is I can finish it in one hour. 【答案】how/whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我的问题是我怎样才能在一小时内完成它。/我的问题是我能否在一小时内完成它。is为be动词，空处引导表语从句，从句主要成分完整，结合句意，问题可以是“如何完成”也可以是“是否能够完成”，用how/whether引导从句。故填how/whether。 4．（23-24高二下·重庆·期中）The farmer’s only concern is there will be a major thunderstorm or a gentle breeze next week. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个农民唯一关心的是下周是大雷雨还是微风。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导表语从句，故填whether。 5．（23-24高二下·黑龙江大庆·期中）A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个简单的餐厅是他通常吃同样一餐(香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡)的地方。分析句子可知，“ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee”是表语从句，从句缺少引导词，结合句意，表示“在这个简单的餐厅”，用连接副词where引导该从句，并充当地点状语。故填where。 6．（22-23高二下·山东济宁·期中）The police （keep）track of the underground organization for two years. 【答案】have been keeping 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：警方一直追踪这个地下组织两年了。短语：keep track of，意为“记录，追踪”。设空处在句中作谓语，主语the police为集合名词，此处指个体，所以为复数含义，因而谓语要用复数；结合句中时间状语for two years，可知追踪的动作一直在持续，所以时态用现在完成进行时。故填have been keeping。 7．（23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）So far, every possible means (try) to solve the problem. 【答案】has been tried 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经尝试了一切可能的方法来解决这个问题。空处作句子的谓语。根据句中的So far可知，这里应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某时一直持续到现在。主语means和try之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。且means(方法)单复数同形，其前有every修饰，谓语应用单数形式。故填has been tried。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （24-25高二下·山西吕梁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, called “Father of Nuclear Submarines,” 1 (pass) away in Feb. 2025, but his story continues to inspire the whole nation. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he witnessed China’s struggles during foreign invasions, 2 shaped his determination to strengthen the country through science. When China launched its nuclear submarine program in the 1950s, Huang bravely took charge despite limited technology and resources. To ensure secrecy, he cut contact with his family for decades, 3 (devote) himself entirely to research. The team faced enormous challenges. Their most critical task was achieving underwater stability through 4 (repeat) trials. After two decades of efforts, China successfully tested its first nuclear submarine in the 1970s, becoming the fifth country 5 (master) this technology. Huang continued advancing submarine systems until his retirement. His 6 (remark) contributions earned him the Medal of the Republic in 2019. Huang’s life teaches us that true progress requires both 7 (wise) and perseverance. Young people should embrace his spirit taking social responsibilities, confronting difficulties 8 (courageous), and keeping national interests above personal needs. Only through such dedication can we ensure his pioneering spirit lives on, lighting China’s path 9 rejuvenation (复兴). Though Huang has left us, his story remains a perfect example of 10 individual commitment can create collective strength — a lesson that goes beyond time and technology 【答案】1．passed 2．which 3．devoting 4．repeated 5．to master 6．remarkable 7．wisdom 8．courageously 9．to/towards 10．how 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被誉为“核潜艇之父”的黄旭华如何通过智慧与毅力，克服重重困难发展中国核潜艇技术，并激励年轻一代继承其精神。 1．考查动词时态。句意：被誉为“核潜艇之父”的黄旭华于2025年2月去世，但他的故事继续激励着全国人民。根据时间状语“in Feb. 2025”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填passed。 2．考查定语从句。句意：1926年出生于广东的他，目睹了中国在外来侵略中的挣扎，这塑造了他通过科学强国决心。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保保密，他几十年来与家人断绝了联系，全身心投入研究。空处应用非谓语动词，he与devote之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填devoting。 4．考查形容词。句意：他们最关键的任务是通过反复试验来实现水下稳定性。根据空后trials可知，空处应用形容词repeated作定语，表示“反复的”，修饰名词trials。故填repeated。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过二十年的努力，中国在20世纪70年代成功测试了第一艘核潜艇，成为第五个掌握这项技术的国家。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后用动词不定式作定语，根据空前the fifth country可知，空处应用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词country。故填to master。 6．考查形容词。句意：他的杰出贡献使他在2019年获得了共和国勋章。空处修饰名词contributions，应用形容词remarkable作定语，表示“卓越的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。 7．考查名词。句意：黄旭华的一生告诉我们，真正的进步需要智慧和毅力。根据空后and perseverance可知，空处应用名词wisdom与perseverance并列，作requires的宾语，wisdom为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 8．考查副词。句意：年轻人应该发扬他的精神，承担社会责任，勇敢面对困难，把国家利益置于个人需求之上。根据空前confronting difficulties可知，空处应用副词courageously“勇敢地”作状语，修饰动词confronting。故填courageously。 9．考查介词。句意：只有通过这样的奉献，我们才能确保他的开拓精神永存，照亮中国的复兴之路。根据空前lighting China’s path可知，空处应用介词to或towards，path to/towards sth.表示“通往……的道路”。故填to/towards。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：虽然黄旭华已经离开了我们，但他的故事仍然是一个完美的例子，说明个人的承诺如何能够创造集体的力量——这是一堂超越时间和技术的课程。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用how引导。故填how。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1.（24-25高二下·湖南·期末）假如你是李华，学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all for listening! 【答案】 Ladies and gentlemen, Today I feel honored to have this chance to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. For over half a century, Professor Yuan dedicated his life to agricultural research. Through countless experiments in rice fields under scorching sun, he successfully developed high-yield hybrid rice varieties which benefited mankind. His life teaches us that true success comes from persistent dedication. He showed us how one person’s determination can nourish an entire nation. Thank you for listening. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛这一情况，用英文介绍一位自己最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：chance→ opportunity 被认为是：be known as → be regarded as 展示：show→ demonstrate 荣幸的：honored→ privileged 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Today I feel honored to have this chance to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. 拓展句：Today I feel honored to have this chance that allows me to deliver a speech about the most respected scientist in my heart. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】His life teaches us that true success comes from persistent dedication.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 2.（24-25高二上·江西赣州·月考）假如你是李华。最近你市电子科技博物馆正在征集我国古代科学家的英文简介，请你写一篇英语短文介绍我国古代科学家郭守敬，内容包括： 1.基本信息：我国古代著名天文学家、数学家和工程师；出生于现在的河北邢台；生于1231年，卒于1316年。 2.主要成就及发明：负责修建大都至通州运河；制订《授时历》，通行360多年，是当时世界上最先进的一种历法；著有十四种天文历法著作。 注意： 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：运河canal;《授时历》Shoushi Calendar；天文历法astronomical calendar __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Guo Shoujing, one of the top ancient Chinese scientists, was born in Xingtai, Hebei Province in 1231 and passed away in 1316, who lived in the best years of the Yuan Dynasty. As an outstanding astronomer, engineer and mathematician, he greatly influenced the development of science in China. He was in charge of building the Dadu-Tongzhou canal of the Yuan Dynasty, which improved the north-south traffic. At the same time, he invented Shoushi Calendar, which was applied to calculating the accurate length of the year. The calendar, used for more than 360 years, was considered the most advanced calendar in the world at that time. What’s more, he created 14 kinds of masterpieces on the astronomical calendar. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语短文介绍古代科学家郭守敬。 【详解】1.词汇积累 出色的：outstanding→brilliant 负责：be in charge of→be responsible for 此外：what’s more→besides 影响：influence→affect 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：As an outstanding astronomer, engineer and mathematician, he greatly influenced the development of science in China. 拓展句：Not only was he an outstanding astronomer, engineer and mathematician, but also he greatly influenced the development of science in China. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Guo Shoujing, one of the top ancient Chinese scientists, was born in Xingtai, Hebei Province in 1231 and passed away in 1316, who lived in the best years of the Yuan Dynasty. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] At the same time, he invented Shoushi Calendar, which was applied to calculating the accurate length of the year. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03语法（表语从句、主谓一致）&写作（介绍一位优秀人物、介绍战争英雄）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 知识点02 知识点03 知识点04 知识点05 知识点06 知识点07 知识点08 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 表语从句 熟练运用表语从句的连接词。 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 主谓一致 熟练运用主谓一致中意义一致的用法。 高频易错点，常出现在语法填空题中 介绍一位优秀人物 介绍一位优秀人物的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 介绍战争英雄 介绍战争英雄的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 表语从句 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用 ①My feeling is that they're going to be big one day. ②The question is whether she will offer to help me. ③China is no longer what it used to be. ④This is what makes them so special. ⑤A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages，eggs and coffee. ⑥From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. ⑦It seemed as if/though the world were coming to an end! ⑧The reason why I'm calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party. 以上句子均为表语从句，具体分析如下： 1．①⑧句是that引导的表语从句， that不充当句子成分。 2．由句②可知，表示“是否”时，用whether引导表语从句。 3．③④⑤句是连接代词或连接副词引导的表语从句。 4．because(如句⑥)，as if/though(如句⑦)也可以引导表语从句。 5．由句⑧可知，主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的引导词要用that，而不用why。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、表语从句的概述 在复合句中作表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。含有表语从句的复合句的一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain, appear等。另外，because, as if, as though, as, like等也可引导表语从句。 二、表语从句的引导词 1．从属连词：that, whether等； 2．连接代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 3．连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。 三、表语从句的类型 1．从属连词that, whether引导的表语从句 that，whether只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分。that无实义，一般不可省略，whether意为“是否”，不能换成if(一般不用if引导表语从句)。 The trouble is that he has lost his money.麻烦是他丢了钱。 The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。 2．连接代词引导的表语从句 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，连接代词不能省略。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。 3．连接副词引导的表语从句 连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等除在句子中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。 Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把外套拿来，就在你原来放的地方。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That's why I got wet through.我既没雨衣也没雨伞，这就是我淋湿的原因。 That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 4．because/why引导的表语从句 because与why引导表语从句的区别：because引导的表语从句强调原因；why引导的表语从句强调结果。 That's because he didn't understand me.那是因为他不理解我。 This is why I think my happiest days will be in the future.这就是我认为自己最快乐的日子会在将来的原因。 —You look tired. —That may be because I didn't have a good sleep last night. ——你看起来很累。 ——那可能是因为我昨天晚上没睡好。 [名师点津]　如果主句主语是reason，表语从句的连接词用that，不能用why或because。常见的句型为“The reason why ...is that ...” The reason why he came late is that he got up late.(that不能换成because) 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 四、表语从句使用虚拟语气的情况 1．as if, as though 引导的表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。此类表语从句常跟在特定的动词后面，如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。as if/as though引导的表语从句用虚拟语气时，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”；如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 You look as if you've had a good time.(陈述语气)你看起来好像玩得很开心。 They talked as if they had been good friends for years.(虚拟语气)他们说起话来好像是多年的好朋友似的。 2．如果主句的主语是advice, demand, order, suggestion, requirement, request, command等时，表语从句用虚拟语气，动词形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。 The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English every day. 我们老师给的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。 Her request is that the doctor (should) be sent for at once.她要求立即派人请医生来。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）We needn’t bother with accommodation in New York. That is ______ my sister there has offered to help. A．which B．that C．what D．why 即时检测 一．用适当的关联词填空 ①That's accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. ②The question is we can reduce the cost of the product. ③But the truth is the homeless are everywhere. ④What concerns me most is will be our teacher next term. ⑤Why not try your luck downtown? That's the best jobs are. 二.单句语法填空 1．The reason for your mistake is you lack confidence in yourself. 2．That's we should do at once. 3．The doubt is has got away with the document. 4．He looked he was ill. 5．The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal. 6．The problem is we can find them there. 7．This is I don't agree with you. 8．The question is we can get in touch with him. 9．The problem is will come to replace her. 10．Tom left immediately.That's he only had 10 minutes to get to his next job! 三.短文语法填空 I read a report last night.The content was 1. a lot of people died in a traffic accident.But the reason why I was sad is not 2. the accident caused great damage.What astonished me most is 3. some babies lost their lives.That's 4. I want to remind.However, the problem is 5. the government has taken some measures to deal with it and 6. we can help them.My suggestion is 7. we should obey the traffic rules.That's 8. we should be responsible for ourselves, as well as others. 主谓一致(一) 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。 ①The enemy were hiding，ready to attack the Allied soldiers... ②Your enemy is well trained，well equipped and battle­hardened... ③My family is a happy one. ④It's my favourite film and my family love watching it，too. ⑤The class were very interested in Mr. Zhang's teaching. ⑥Politics is the study of the ways in which countries are governed. ⑦Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers. ⑧To be strict with oneself is a good quality of a person. 1．①②③④⑤句中，enemy，family，class等集体名词表示整体时，谓语动词用单数；表示组成集体的成员时，谓语动词用复数。 2．句⑥中，学科名词politics(政治)等常看作单数概念，谓语动词用单数。 3．句⑦⑧中，动名词或不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 1．集体名词作主语时的主谓一致 (1)集体名词作主语，如果表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词就用单数形式；如果强调组成集体的个体成员时，谓语动词就用复数形式。常见的这类名词有family，class，team，group，enemy，army，audience, band, club，crowd，staff，committee，company, crew, government, public等。 The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 The committee consists of 10 members.委员会由十个成员组成。 The committee haven't reached any agreement.委员们没有达成任何一致意见。 (2)个别集体名词，如people，police，cattle等作主语，谓语动词必须用复数形式。 The police are investigating the case.警方正在调查这个案件。 The cattle are grazing in the field.牛群正在牧场吃草。 Many cattle were killed for this.就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。 2．单数名词作主语，后面紧跟as well as，rather than, but，except，besides，with，along with，together with，like，including，in addition to，combined with等时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The teacher as well as the students is ready to help others.不仅学生们乐于助人，老师也乐于助人。 The girl together with some boys has gone to plant trees.那个女孩和一些男孩一起去植树了 。 3．单复数同形的名词作主语时的主谓一致 单复数同形的名词作主语时，根据其意义是单数概念还是复数概念来判断谓语用单数还是用复数。如means方式，方法，sheep羊，deer鹿，works工厂等。 Every means has been tried many times.每一种办法都已经试过多次了。 All possible means have been tried many times.所有可能的方法都已经试过很多次了。 This works was built in 1982.这座工厂是1982年建的。 By far，three steel works have been closed down in this city.到目前为止，这个城市已经关闭了三座钢铁厂。 4．单数概念的复数形式名词作主语时的主谓一致 单数概念的复数形式名词(如学科、机构、书名、剧名、国名等)作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。如physics 物理，mathematics/maths 数学，economics 经济学，politics政治学，gymnastics体操，the United States 美国，the United Nations联合国，A Dream in Red Mansions(The Story of the Stone) 《红楼梦》，Anderson's Fairy Tales 《安徒生童话集》 等。 As we know，physics is a fundamental subject in science.我们知道物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科。 Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课。 The United States is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。 The New York Times is widely read in the world.《纽约时报》在全世界被广泛阅览。 5．“两部分” 概念的物体名词作主语时的主谓一致 由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但是如果这些词由单位词(a pair of，a kind of, a suit of，a piece of 等)修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。这类名词如chopsticks, compasses，glasses, gloves，jeans，pants，scissors，shoes，shorts，socks，trousers等。 My trousers are white.我的裤子是白色的。 Why are your shoes so dirty?为什么你的鞋子那么脏？ A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.一把剪刀放在那个抽屉里。 These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.这种眼镜今年夏天很受欢迎。 6．名词短语(距离、时间、长度、金额等)作主语时的主谓一致 当名词短语的中心词为表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的复数名词时，往往把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。这类复数名词有miles，dollars，pounds，kilograms，kilometres，centimeters, millimeters，seconds，hours，years等。 Five dollars seems a fair price.五美元看起来是一个公道的价格。 Two kilometres is not very far for the young man.对那个年轻人来说，两公里不是很远。 Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job.对于这么难的工作来说，五个小时是很短的时间。 7．more(...)than one.../many a...结构作主语时的主谓一致 “more than one/many a...＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数；“more＋复数名词＋than one” 作主语时，谓语用复数。 More than one white rose has bloomed in the garden.花园里开了不止一朵白玫瑰。 More white roses than one have bloomed in the garden.花园里开了许多白玫瑰。 Many a child was playing there.很多小孩在那儿玩。 8．“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时的主谓一致 “分数/百分数＋of＋名词” 构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词的数。 Two thirds of the students support the plan.三分之二的学生支持这项计划。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海。 Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing.公司80%的员工来自北京。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1.（24-25高二下·天津·期中）The team ______ members are all from different countries ______ very well together. A．whose; work B．which; works C．whose; works D．that; work 即时检测 一．单句语法填空 ①His family (be) all important persons. ②People in this country (be)really happy. ③The police (be)searching for the criminals yesterday afternoon. ④The audience (be)clapping for over ten minutes. 二．单句语法填空 ①Each possible means (try) again and again. ②The girl thinks politics (be) much more difficult than physics. ③The United Nations (report) about half of all people affected or killed by disasters are children. ④Anderson's Fairy Tales (be) my favourite novel. 三．翻译句子 ①我上周买的太阳镜看起来很酷。 . ②上星期天公共汽车上留下了一副手套。 . ③他们走的最远的距离是两英里。 . 四．翻译句子 ①不止一个学生考试未及格。(more than) . ②许多孩子都喜欢踢足球。(many a) . ③这所学校70%的教师是女性。(percent) . 五.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．The audience (be)so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall. 2．Many a parent (have)had to go through this same painful process. 3．A group of sheep (be)eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill. 4．People (show) great love to the victims since the disaster happened. 5．Eight hours of sleep (be) enough. 6．Tom，together with his friends， (have) gone out to play. 7．A pair of glasses (be) lost on the playground yesterday afternoon. 8．Twenty dollars for the little poor girl (be) too much then. 9．This kind of apple (taste) good.Apples of this kind (taste) good. 10．The rich are for the plan，while the poor against it.(be) 六.短文语法填空 L＝Lily　J＝James L: Wow, your new house is so beautiful! And all the rooms are decorated in an elegant style. J: Thank you.You know, it took us nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.And all the furniture 1. (select) carefully by my parents. L: That's great.But why did you paint your walls light blue? Is it a colour that can make you relaxed? J: I'm not sure, but my family 2. (like) the colour, so we painted the walls light blue. L: No wonder.Your brother's clothing 3. (be) very up to late.What does he do? Is he a barber? J: No.As a matter of fact, he is a singer and his audience 4. (be) mainly young people.Last year, my brother was invited to sing a song at our class's New Year Party, and all my class 5. (impress) by his performance. L: Wow, that's cool.I'm looking forward to watching his performance. 介绍一位优秀人物 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 人物介绍的相关表达 开头: 简单地 介绍人 物　　 词汇 1.be born in 出生于　2.be considered/regarded as被认为是…… 句子 1.Confucius is a great thinker and educationist in ancient China.孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家。 2.Born in Yibin City, Sichuan Province in 1905, Zhao Yiman became a member of the Communist Party of China in 1926.赵一曼1905年出生于四川省宜宾市,1926年加入中国共产党。 主体: 介绍人 物的生 平和成 就等　 词汇 1.become interested in对……产生兴趣　2.show interest in表现出对……的兴趣 3.at an early age在年幼时 句子 1.Deng Yaping, whose hobby is playing ping-pong, has devoted herself to the sport after graduation.邓亚萍的爱好是打乒乓球,毕业后她全身心地投入到这项运动中。 2.Li Keran, a famous painter and art educator, developed a personal style of landscape painting.著名画家兼美术教育家李可染形成了自己的山水画风格。 3.Not only is he devoted to his research, but he also concerns himself with the welfare project.他不仅致力于自己的研究,而且还关心福利项目。 4.In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal, he became the idol of the youth.2006年,他打破了世界纪录并获得金牌,成为年轻人的偶像。 5.It is his hard training and his perseverance that lead to his breakthrough and success in swimming.正是他的刻苦训练和毅力使他在游泳方面取得了突破和成功。 6.Not only is she very strict with herself in her study and daily life, but she is also always ready to help others.她不但在学习和日常生活中严格要求自己,而且总是乐于帮助别人。 结尾: 评价人 物,表达 自己的 感想 词汇 1.ambitious adj.有抱负的,野心勃勃的　2.outstanding adj.杰出的 3.modest adj.谦虚的 4.painstaking adj.小心的;费尽心思的;精心的 5.be famous for因……而出名 6.dedicate oneself to致力于 句子/ 句型 1.Nie Er is considered as one of the greatest musical geniuses in the history of China and will be remembered by the Chinese people forever.聂耳被认为是中国历史上最伟大的音乐天才之一,中国人民将永远铭记他。 2.Due to his/her contribution to..., he/she was honoured with...由于他/她对……的贡献,他/她荣获…… 3.She/He sets a good example to us and we should...她/他为我们树立了好的榜样,我们应该…… 知识点02例题讲解 写作题目 　假定你是李华, 请根据下列提示,为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文,介绍你最崇拜的中国科学家梁建英。 　1.出生时间、地点:1972年4月出生于吉林省。 　2.职务:中国高铁总设计师。 　3.主要经历: 　(1) 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作; 　(2) 2007年她率领团队研制出国内首列运行时速为300—350千米的高速列车; 　(3) 2017年,“复兴号”以350千米的时速正式投入运营,在高铁运营领域取得了新的突破。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 参考词汇:高速列车G-Series High-Speed Train 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.devotion n.奉献,献身  2.innovation n.创新,革新  3.contribute to对……做出贡献  4.devote oneself to 献身于  5.make a breakthrough 取得突破  6.painstaking adj.费尽心思的  7.inspire vt.激励,激发  Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:介绍梁建英的出生时间、出生地点、职务及主要经历 (1)Liang Jianying was born in Jilin Province in April 1972 (于1972年4月出生于吉林省).  (2)Liang Jianying is the general designer (总设计师) of China's high-speed railway.  (3)Liang Jianying graduated in 1995 (于1995年毕业).  (4)She has been devoting herself to (一直致力于) the research of China's G-Series High-Speed Train since graduation.  (5)In 2007, she led her team to develop the first G-Series High-Speed Train in China which was operated at the speed of (以……的速度) 300-350 kph.  (6)In 2017, the Fuxing train was put into service (投入使用) officially with the speed of 350 kph.  (7)A new breakthrough was made (取得了新的突破)in the operation of the high-speed railway.   第二段:表达自己的感想 (8)Liang Jianying has set a good example to us (为我们树立了一个好的榜样).   (9)Her spirit of painstaking devotion and innovation inspires us to study hard (她的艰苦奉献和创新精神激励着我们努力学习) and contribute to the development of our country in the future.   2.句式升级 (10)用同位语合并句(1)和句(2) (11)用since引导的时间状语从句合并句(3)和句(4) (12)用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并句(6)和句(7) (13)用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句(9) 知识点03 连句成篇 Liang Jianying, general designer of China's high-speed railway,was born in Jilin Province in April 1972. Since she graduated in 1995.Liang Jianying has been devoting herself to the research of China's G-Series High-Speed Train. In 2007, she led her team to develop the first G-Series High-Speed Train in China which was operated at the speed of 300-350 kph. In 2017, the Fuxing train was put into service officially with the speed of 350 kph, which made a new breakthrough in the operation of the high-speed railway. Liang Jianying has set a good example to us. Inspired by her spirit of painstaking devotion and innovation, we will study hard and contribute to the development of our country in the future. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你校英语报“Great People”专栏正在征文,请写一篇短文,介绍你心目中最具工匠精神的名人,并投稿。内容包括: 　　1.个人简介; 　　2.主要贡献; 　　3.事迹及荣誉。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  介绍战争英雄 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于介绍战争英雄的表达 开头: 英雄简介 词汇 serve the country为国家服务 be known for his bravery因他的勇敢而出名 join the army参军 句子/ 句型 1. ..., who was born in...and died in..., was a hero making great contributions to...　……生于……死于……,是为……做出巨大贡献的英雄。 2.He was born into a poor peasant family.他出生在一个贫苦的农民家庭。 3.During...he was once the commander of the 5th Regiment.……时期,他曾任第五团团长。 4.He was a military general and national hero during the Ming Dynasty.他是明朝时期的一位将军和民族英雄。 5.Due to his great contributions to..., he was honoured with...由于对……的重大贡献,他荣获…… 主体:介绍 英雄事迹 词汇 have confidence in oneself对自己很有信心 be determined to fight against the enemy下定决心同敌人作战 make it through渡过难关 句子 1.To make his army comrades avoid the search of the invaders, he used his hand to hold up the explosive bag and pull the fuse to blow up the blockhouse.为了使战友们避开侵略者的搜索,他用手托起炸药包,拔掉导火索,炸毁碉堡。 2.He opened up the way for the troops with his life and died when he was only 19 years old. 他用生命为部队开辟了道路,牺牲时年仅19岁。 3.He had been arrested and jailed for five times, but he never gave in. 他曾五次被捕入狱,但他从未屈服。 结尾: 发表看法 词汇 set an example to us为我们树立榜样 be remembered as a great hero作为伟大的英雄为人们所铭记 句子 1.He devoted his most precious life to the national liberation.他为民族解放献出了自己宝贵的生命。 2.His spirit of defending the country will last forever. 他保卫祖国的精神将永存。 3.Her great heroic image and brilliant achievements always inspire the Chinese people to persevere and forge ahead. 她的伟大英雄形象和光辉成就一直激励着中国人民坚持不懈、开拓进取。 知识点02 例题解析 写作题目 　　假如你是李华,你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰替父从军的故事。请你用英文给他回信,要点如下: 　　1.花木兰的生平事迹; 　　2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear Peter, I'm glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan who joined the army for her father. Yours, Li Hua 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学短语 1.at war交战,打仗   2.a sense of commitment忠诚感  3.on standby待命  4.be different from与……不同   5.have confidence in对……有信心  6.prepare for为……做准备  7.come up with想出  8.make it幸免于难,渡过难关;获得成功   9.a symbol of……的象征   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一部分:介绍写信的目的 (1)I'll tell you the Chinese version of the story, slightly different from (稍微不同于) the film.   第二部分:简要介绍花木兰替父从军的故事 (2) As a male, Mulan's father was supposed to be a soldier on standby(待命) and had the obligation tojoin the army (参军) when the country was at war (交战).   (3)He was so old and weak that (如此老弱以至于) he was unable to do so.  (4)With a sense of commitment (一种忠诚感), Mulan came up with (想出) the idea of dressing herself up (乔装打扮她自己) as a man and joining the army instead.  (5)She prepared for (为……做准备) the journey carefully in order not to be recognized.  (6)Mulan had confidence in (有信心) winning.   (7)Finally, Mulan made it (幸免于难)through the war.   第三部分:介绍花木兰在中国人心中的地位 (8)In China, Mulan is a symbol of (……的象征)independence, intelligence and bravery.   2.句式升级 (9)用“太……而不能……”结构改写句(3) (10)用非限制性定语从句合并句(6)和句(7) 知识点03 Dear Peter. I'm glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan who joined the army for her father. I'll tell you the Chinese version of the story,slightly different from the film. As a male, Mulan's father was supposed to be a soldier on stand by and had the obligation to join the army when the country was at war However, he was too old and weak to do so.With a sense of commitment,Mulan came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joining the army instead. She prepared for the journey carefully in order not to be recognized. Finally, Mulan who had confidence in winning, made it through the war. 　In China, Mulan is a symbol of independence, intelligence and bravery. Yours, Li Hua  典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　你校英文报正在组织英语作文大赛。请你以“The war hero I respect”为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括: 　　1.人物简介; 　　2.尊敬的原因。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 The war hero I respect 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一．单项选择 1．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）— I think online learning is just as effective as traditional classroom teaching. — That’s ______ I don’t agree. Face-to-face interaction is crucial for real understanding. A．where B．how C．when D．what 2．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）Many things in the countryside, like the fresh air and peaceful environment, are ______ people living in big cities can’t enjoy. A．which B．where C．what D．that 3．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）The band added some hi-tech elements in their performance, which was ________ their show was different from others. A．what B．whether C．which D．where 4．（23-24高一下·全国·随堂练习）________ is special about the honey is ________ it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. A．It ; that B．As; whether C．What; that D．Which; whether 5．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）The reason ________ John gave for being late was ________ he forgot to use the alarm clock. A．which; because B．why; because C．which; that D．that; because 6．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）I’ve been told that the medical team, ________ five doctors and ten nurses, ________ sent to the flood-stricken area. A．consisting of; are to be B．consists of; will be C．consisting of; is to be D．is consisted of; will be 7．（22-23高二下·广东深圳·期中）Large amounts of money ______  spent on the magnificent building, but the poor ________not allowed to have a single room. A．has been, are B．have been, is C．have been, are D．has been, is 8．（22-23高二下·广东深圳·期中）Half of the class ________ most of the work, some of which ________ really difficult. A．have done; is B．has done; are C．has done; is D．have done; are 9．（21-22高二下·广东江门·期中）A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese painting tomorrow. A．is B．are C．was D．were 10．（22-23高二上·天津·期末）The dictionary is out of date. Many a word ___________ to the language since it was published. A．have been added B．were added C．has been added D．was added 二．单句语法填空 1．（23-24高二下·新疆阿克苏·月考）There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are we repeatedly do.” 2．（23-24高二下·广东东莞·期中）Her confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 3．（23-24高二下·黑龙江伊春·期中）My question is I can finish it in one hour. 4．（23-24高二下·重庆·期中）The farmer’s only concern is there will be a major thunderstorm or a gentle breeze next week. 5．（23-24高二下·黑龙江大庆·期中）A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 6．（22-23高二下·山东济宁·期中）The police （keep）track of the underground organization for two years. 7．（23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）So far, every possible means (try) to solve the problem. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （24-25高二下·山西吕梁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, called “Father of Nuclear Submarines,” 1 (pass) away in Feb. 2025, but his story continues to inspire the whole nation. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he witnessed China’s struggles during foreign invasions, 2 shaped his determination to strengthen the country through science. When China launched its nuclear submarine program in the 1950s, Huang bravely took charge despite limited technology and resources. To ensure secrecy, he cut contact with his family for decades, 3 (devote) himself entirely to research. The team faced enormous challenges. Their most critical task was achieving underwater stability through 4 (repeat) trials. After two decades of efforts, China successfully tested its first nuclear submarine in the 1970s, becoming the fifth country 5 (master) this technology. Huang continued advancing submarine systems until his retirement. His 6 (remark) contributions earned him the Medal of the Republic in 2019. Huang’s life teaches us that true progress requires both 7 (wise) and perseverance. Young people should embrace his spirit taking social responsibilities, confronting difficulties 8 (courageous), and keeping national interests above personal needs. Only through such dedication can we ensure his pioneering spirit lives on, lighting China’s path 9 rejuvenation (复兴). Though Huang has left us, his story remains a perfect example of 10 individual commitment can create collective strength — a lesson that goes beyond time and technology 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1.（24-25高二下·湖南·期末）假如你是李华，学校将开展“弘扬科学家精神”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Ladies and gentlemen, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you all for listening! 2.（24-25高二上·江西赣州·月考）假如你是李华。最近你市电子科技博物馆正在征集我国古代科学家的英文简介，请你写一篇英语短文介绍我国古代科学家郭守敬，内容包括： 1.基本信息：我国古代著名天文学家、数学家和工程师；出生于现在的河北邢台；生于1231年，卒于1316年。 2.主要成就及发明：负责修建大都至通州运河；制订《授时历》，通行360多年，是当时世界上最先进的一种历法；著有十四种天文历法著作。 注意： 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：运河canal;《授时历》Shoushi Calendar；天文历法astronomical calendar __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $