专题02 语法（“疑问词＋ ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”、主语从句）&写作（生存故事、介绍文学作品、）（期中复习讲义）高二英语下学期外研版

专题02语法（“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”、主语从句）&写作（生存故事、介绍文学作品）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 知识点02 知识点03 知识点04 知识点05 知识点06 知识点07 知识点08 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词” 1.“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的相同点 2.“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的不同点 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 主语从句 熟练运用主语从句的连接词。 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 生存故事 描写生存故事的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 介绍文学作品 介绍文学作品的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词” 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 1．Whatever difficulty we meet with，we must finish the task on time，since the opportunity is so valuable. 2．Mother suggests that I should collect the old clothes and give them to whoever needs them. 3．No matter when you pick something up，you should turn it to the owner at once. 4．There is no person in the world who can do whatever to please him. 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的相同点 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”都可以引导让步状语从句，均表示“无论；不管”，可互换。 Whatever (＝No matter what) happens，we will not change our mind. 无论发生什么事，我们都不会改变想法。 Wherever (＝No matter where) he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 不管他在哪儿，早餐前都要去散步，这是他的习惯。 However(＝ No matter how) hard he works，he finds it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作，他发现总是入不敷出。 [名师点津]　however作连词时，也可以引导让步状语从句，后面常常接形容词或副词，即：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语，有时也可以不接形容词或副词。另外，however还可以作副词，意为“然而”，不能引导让步状语从句。 二．“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的不同点 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋­ever”既可以引导让步状语从句(此时可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换)，又可以引导名词性从句(此时不可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换)。 (1)whoever引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作主语，相当于anyone who。 Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. 谁想住旅馆，谁就得自己付钱。(主语从句，whoever在从句中作主语) Whoever wants to stay in a hotel，he/she has to pay his/her own way. 无论谁想住宾馆，他/她必须自己付钱。(让步状语从句) (2)whomever引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作宾语，相当于anyone whom。但是，在口语中，常用whoever代替whomever。 You may invite whomever you like to the party. 你可以邀请任何你喜欢的人参加这个派对。(宾语从句，在从句中whomever作动词like的宾语) Whomever you like，you can invite him/her to the party. 无论你喜欢谁，你都可以邀请他/她来参加这个派对。(让步状语从句) (3)whatever引导名词性从句时，相当于anything that，在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语；作“无论什么样的”讲时，在句中作定语。 It's generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he/she wants. 一个小孩想要什么就给他/她什么，一般被认为是不明智的。(宾语从句，在从句中whatever作动词wants的宾语) Whatever he does has nothing to do with me. 他做的任何事都与我无关。(主语从句，在从句中whatever作动词does的宾语) Whatever he says，she always thinks it right. 无论他说什么，她都认为是正确的。(让步状语从句) (4)whichever引导名词性从句时，既可指人，又可指物，通常表示在一定的范围内进行选择。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到这儿，谁就获奖。(主语从句，whichever of you在从句中作主语) Whichever of you gets here first，he/she will get the prize. 无论你们谁第一个到这里，他/她就获奖。(让步状语从句) 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 无论学英语有多难，我都要坚持学下去。 ，I will hold on to it. 即时检测 一．完成句子 ①不管你准备得多么充分，你在登山中仍需要很多运气。 ，you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. ②不管发生什么，他都必须完成这项任务。 ，he must finish the task. ③不管你在哪儿上班，你都必须努力。 ，you must work hard. 二．判断下列从句的类型 ①Whoever breaks the law should be punished. ②Whoever breaks the law，he should be punished. ③Whatever may happen，you must keep calm. ④Keep calm，whatever happens. ⑤Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps. 三.短文语法填空 Novel coronavirus pneumonia swept across China in late 2019.Our government immediately took 1. (effect) measures for treatment and prevention.No matter 2. you are，you can get free treatment from the government.In order to prevent the spread of the disease，the government had taken many measures.3. you go，you had 4. (examine)．The government called for people to be isolated at home.If you feel unwell，you should put on a mask and go to a designated hospital for an 5. (examine) immediately.No matter 6. you go，you should wear a mask.However，no matter 7. strict the government measures were，there were still some people 8. broke the rules.They did 9. they wanted to do.It has brought many difficulties to the defense of the disease.As citizens of China，we should actively cooperate no matter 10. the government requires us to do. 主语从句 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用 1．That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us. 2．It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked. 3．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 4．Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. 5．What I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone. 6．Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. 7．When we arrive at the destination doesn't matter. 8．How this happened is not clear to anyone. 以上句子中，1－3为从属连词引导的主语从句；4－6为连接代词引导的主语从句；7－8为连接副词引导的主语从句。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、主语从句的概述 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。主语从句可直接放在句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。 二、主语从句的引导词 1．从属连词 that, whether, if等。 2．连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。 3．连接副词 when, where, why, how, whenever，however，wherever等。 三、主语从句的用法 1．that引导的主语从句 (1)that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义。但是that不能省略。 That we need more equipment is obvious.显然，我们需要更多的设备。 That she won the game made us very happy.她赢得了比赛令我们非常高兴。 [名师点津]　从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 (2)在that引导的主语从句中，常用it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句后置，常见的此类句型有： ①It＋be＋形容词(obvious, natural, surprising, possible, likely, important, necessary等)＋that从句 It is certain that she will do well in her exam.可以肯定她会考得很好。 It is obvious that you have made a big mistake.很明显你犯了一个大错。 [名师点津]　在句型It＋be＋形容词＋that从句中，如果形容词为necessary, important等，主语从句要用虚拟语气。即：It is necessary/important that＋主语＋(should)＋动词原形＋其他． It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages. 大学生掌握一两门外语是非常有必要的。 It is important that he (should) attend every day.他每天都要出席，这很重要。 ②It＋be＋名词(词组)(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等)＋that从句。 It is no surprise that our team have won the game.我们队已经赢得了那场比赛并不令人惊奇。 It is a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.很遗憾你昨天没去听讲座。 ③It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)＋that从句。 It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。 It is generally considered that boys are better at science than girls.人们普遍认为男孩比女孩更擅长理科。 [名师点津]　如果过去分词为表示建议、命令、要求等的词(suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，demanded等)，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。 It is suggested that you(should) spend more time in studying English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。 ④It＋动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, prove, occur to sb.等)＋that从句 It happened that I was away when he called.他来电话时我碰巧不在。 It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.我突然想起我们应该和经理联系。 2．whether引导的主语从句 whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末(前面需用it作形式主语)。whether意为“是否”，只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，且不可省略。 Whether we will go for an autumn outing is not sure.＝It is not sure whether we will go for an autumn outing.我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。 It is unknown whether he has agreed to my plan.不知道他是否已经同意了我的计划。 3．连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 (1)连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，不可以省略。 What he said just now is true.他刚才说的是真的。 Whoever breaks the law will be punished.无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚。 [名师点津]　①whoever和whatever引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。 ②what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语时，谓语动词的单复数由谓语动词后面名词的数决定。 What hurt my feelings was the judge's comment.伤害我感情的是评审员的评语。 What the kid wanted was only a new school bag.(school bag是可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数) 那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。 What they need are a car and some water.(a car and some water表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数) 他们需要的是一辆车和一些水。 (2)连接副词when, where, why, how，whenever，however, wherever等在从句中作状语。 Where he lives is not known to anyone.他住在哪里谁也不知道。 When we'll go for a picnic isn't known.(when在从句中作时间状语)我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1．（24-25高二下·天津·月考）________ bothered me most was ________ I should choose as my partner in the competition. A．What; that B．What; who C．It; who D．Which; that 即时检测 一．用适当的从属连词填空 ① the earth moves around the sun is known to all. ②It is likely he can't come to the meeting. ③ you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it. ④It remains to be seen we shall raise ducks or geese. 二．用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空 ① comes to the party will receive a present. ② they will start has not been decided yet. ③ caused the accident is a complete mystery. ④ team will win the match remains to be seen. 三.单句语法填空 1．It is not a problem we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 2. you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. 3．But in this experiment they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 4．It's partly true Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. 5．Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 6． she was invited to the ball made her very happy. 7．Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her. 8．It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 9． will take over the company has not been decided yet. 10．Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 四.短文语法填空 It is true 1. inner beauty is very important, but sometimes, 2. we wear can't be ignored completely.Supposing you are going to attend an interview, 3. you look in appearance may decide whether you will be accepted, because 4. we dressed appropriately will leave a good first impression on the interviewer.In this case, 5. we should pay attention to our external beauty is obvious.6. seems more beautiful may boost the self­confidence and perform well in the interview. 生存故事 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于生存故事的增分佳句 开头:介绍事故发生的时间、地点和人物等基本信息 1.I was doing my homework last night when I felt the shake of my room.昨天晚上我正在写作业,这时我感到我的房间在震动。 2.Last week, I participated in a wilderness survival activity in a camp.上周我在一个营地参加了一次野外生存活动。 3.I was about to go to school when the lift came to a sudden stop.我正要去上学,电梯突然停了下来。 主体:描写历险过程和个人感受 1.a terrible storm hit/struck...一场可怕的暴风雨侵袭了…… 2.I was alone in the lift and felt a bit frightened and worried at first.我一个人在电梯里,一开始感到有点害怕和担心。 3.I managed to make myself calm down.我设法使自己平静了下来。 4.I tried to cry for help, but no one seemed to be able to hear me from outside.我试着呼救,但是外面似乎没有人能够听到我的声音。 5.With the help of the rescue team, people who were trapped in the flood were saved.在救援队的帮助下,被困在洪水中的人们得救了。 结尾:表达自己对此次经历的感悟 1.In conclusion, stay calm in the face of danger and soon we can find a way to protect ourselves.总之,在面对危险时要保持冷静,很快我们就可以找到保护自己的方法。 2.I felt tired and sleepy,but I further realised the importance of being brave and confident.尽管觉得又累又困,但我进一步意识到勇敢和自信的重要性。 3.It is of vital importance for us to make adjustments in time when exposed to extreme conditions.对我们来说,遇到极端情况时及时作出调整是极其重要的。 知识点02例题讲解 写作题目 　　请根据以下内容,写一篇80词左右的英语短文,介绍你在一次地震中的逃生经历,要点如下: 　　1.时间:昨天晚上; 　　2.事件发生的过程:地震来袭时,你正在做家庭作业,突然感觉房间在摇晃,一些书从书架上掉下来,所以你推测是发生了地震。你听到人们在大声喊叫,便急忙和父母一起下楼; 　　3.结果:地震过后,人们和建筑都安然无恙。 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.terrifying adj.极其可怕的   2.infer v.推断,推定  3.in the meantime在此期间;与此同时  4.wipe out彻底摧毁,消灭  Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:介绍地震发生的时间,并详细描述地震发生时周围事物的变化以及人们的表现 (1)I was doing (正在做)my homework last night.  (2)I felt the shake of my room (我的房间的震动).   (3)The shake caused some books to fall(导致一些书掉落)onto the floor from the bookshelf.  (4)The shake was so terrifying that (是如此可怕以至于)I inferred that (推测) it was an earthquake.   (5)In the meantime (与此同时),I heard some people shouting(听到一些人在喊), “Earthquake! Earthquake!”  (6)I hurried downstairs (急忙下楼) with my parents.  第二段:简要说明地震后的情况 (7)Luckily, the earthquake was not strong enough to wipe out (摧毁) the building.  2.句式升级 (8)用关系代词which合并句(2)和句(3) (9)用when合并句(1)和句(8) 知识点03 连句成篇 I was doing my homework last night when I felt the shake of my room, which caused some books to fall onto the floor from the bookshelf.The shake was so terrifying that I inferred that it was an earthquake. In the meantime, I heard some people shouting, "Earthquake! Earthquake!" I hurried downstairs with my parents. Luckily, the earthquake was not strong enough to wipe out the building. The building was still there and everyone in the building was safe. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你上周参加了一次野外生存(wilderness survival)活动。请写一篇短文介绍你的体验过程,内容包括: 　　1.活动的时间、地点; 　　2.活动过程中你遇到的困难以及你是如何克服的; 　　3.活动带给你的感受。 　　注意: 　　1.词数80个左右; 　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  介绍文学作品 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于文学作品中人物的介绍的表达 第一段: 人物背景介绍 词汇 outstanding adj.杰出的;be set in以……为背景;be full of充满;be regarded as被视作 句式 My favourite novel is...written by..., who is regarded as...我最喜欢的小说是……写的……,他被认为是…… The novel tells the story of...这本小说讲的是……的故事。 第二段:对人物(性格、语言特点等)的认识 词汇 外貌描写: handsome, elegant, graceful, slim, well-dressed, good-looking, skinny, ordinary, plain, overweight, dark-skinned 语言描写: whisper, sigh, murmur, shout, roar, repeat, interrupt, utter 动作描写: wave, point, lean, move, bend, smile, turn around 心理活动描写: delighted, excited, overjoyed, satisfied, touched, astonished, surprised, angry, disappointed, depressed, down, fearful, desperate 句式 The novel starts/ends with...这部小说以……开头/结尾。 In the story, what matters most to...is...在这个故事中,对……最重要的是…… The theme of the story is...这个故事的主题是…… 第三段:对人物进行评价 词汇 outgoing adj.外向的;patient adj.耐心的;brave adj.勇敢的;courageous adj.勇敢的;loyal adj.忠诚的;generous adj.慷慨的;independent adj.独立的;inspire sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事 句式 The character that the writer designed in the novel helps us better understand...作者在小说中塑造的人物帮助我们更好地理解…… In a word, not only is he/she a brave boy/girl but he/she is also a symbol of...总之,他/她不仅是一个勇敢的男孩/女孩,也是……的象征。 知识点02 例题讲解 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,你最近阅读了鲁迅的小说《祝福》(The New Year's Sacrifice)。请写一篇短文评价小说中“祥林嫂(Sister Xianglin)”这个人物。内容包括: 　　1.人物背景简介; 　　2.对祥林嫂(性格、语言特点等)的认识; 　　3.对人物进行评价。 　　注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右; 　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　参考词汇:封建制度/封建主义 feudalism 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.novelist n.小说家   2.heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的   3.leave/make a deep impression on 给……留下深刻印象   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:人物背景简介 (1)Recently, I read a novel called(名为)The New Year's Sacrifice.  (2)It was written by the famous Chinese novelist (中国著名小说家) Lu Xun.   (3)It describes the heartbreaking story about Sister Xianglin who goes through (经历)much pain in her youth and shows how it affects her throughout her later years.   第二段:对祥林嫂(性格、语言特点等)的认识 (4)Generally speaking (总的来说), Sister Xianglin is a hard-working, kind and strong female.   (5)She is described vividly (被生动地描述) in the novel.   (6)Lu Xun described features of Sister Xianglin in many aspects, especially the way she speaks(她说话的方式).   (7) For example, she likes repeating her words again and again, which leaves/makes a deep impression on(给……留下了深刻的印象) readers.   第三段:对人物进行评价 (8) In my opinion, Sister Xianglin is a typical representative of rural Chinese women in feudal society, suffering from feudalism(遭受着封建制度的折磨) at that time.   2.句式升级 (9)用非限制性定语从句合并句(1)和句(2) (10)用非限制性定语从句合并句(4)和句(5) 知识点03连句成篇 Recently, I read a novel called The New Year's Sacrifice,which was written by the famous Chinese novelist Lu Xun. It describes the heartbreaking story about Sister Xianglin who goes through much pain in her youth and shows how it affects her throughout her later years Generally speaking, Sister Xianglin is a hard-working, kind and strong female,who is described vividly in the novel. Lu Xun described features of Sister Xianglin in many aspects, especially the way she speaks. For example, she likes repeating her words again and again,which leaves a deep impression on readers. In my opinion, Sister Xianglin is a typical representative of ruralChinese women in feudal society,suffering from feudalism at that time. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你最近报名参加了一个话剧表演大赛,你扮演的是《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)中的巴萨尼奥(Bassanio)。请写一篇短文谈谈你对该人物的认识,内容包括: 　　1.人物背景; 　　2.你对该人物的认识。(提示:重情重义,很受欢迎,但缺乏决策能力……) 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一.用whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever填空 1． left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident. 2．The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season is. 3． amusing the story is，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. 4．The strange man asked me to hand the letter to I met in the police station，saying it was very important. 5．Justice has long arms. deliberately breaks the law，or encourages others to do so，must expect to face justice. 6．We all know that both computers have their strengths and weaknesses，so choose you like. 7．Using a new app named Papa，the elderly people can call on young volunteers to take care of them they are in need. 8．In peacetime，the Red Cross is expected to send help there is human suffering. 9． hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount of fat you eat. 10．She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一．单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）______ surprised everyone was that the runner ______a small rock just before crossing the finish line. A．What; tripped over B．That; fell down C．It; got through D．How; walked into 2．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）______ impressed me most about the documentary was ______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough. A．What; where B．It; that C．What; how D．Which; when 3．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）________ impressed me the most was the way ________ he handled the difficult situation with calmness and wisdom A．What; that B．That; that C．Whether; in that D．What; which 4．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）________ gets home first is to cook the supper. A．That B．Whom C．Those D．Whoever 二．单句语法填空 1．（24-25高二下·江苏扬州·期中） the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. 2．（24-25高二下·江苏扬州·期中）It is still open to question is to head the group. 3．（23-24高二下·广东茂名·期中） we need are your two New Year’s (resolve). 4．（23-24高二下·广东·期中） matters most is not what you think but what you do to pave the way for your future. 5．（23-24高二下·江苏盐城·期中） breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and punished. 二．完成句子 1．（23-24高二下·广东广州·期中）据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 ________________ many houses ________________ in the disaster area. 2．（23-24高二下·广东广州·期中）我们不能获得的东西似乎比我们已拥有的东西要好。（主语从句，宾语从句） ________________ seems better than ________________. 3．（25-26高二上·广东茂名·期中）他把笔记本电脑丢在哪里了，这是我们想知道的。 ________ he had lost the laptop was  ________we wanted to know. 4．（23-24高二下·全国·期中）it is believed that... 人们相信，在我们的共同努力下，未来我们可以拥有更清洁的海洋。 ______________________________, we can have cleaner oceans in the future. 5．（24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）The sun said that the one who/that can make the traveler take off his coat will be the stronger. (用主语从句升级) 三．语法填空 （24-25高二下·江西·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, there came the exciting news that Guizhou Village T, 1 unique rural-style fashion show, made its remarkable first show at China International Fashion Week, 2 has been a hot topic among the public. This special event, 3 (consist) of local farmers and villagers as models wearing their self-designed and handmade clothing, completely challenged the common 4 (assume) that rural areas have nothing to do with high-fashion. Owing to their deep-rooted passion 5 life and strong desire to show their hometown’s charm, the villagers, who are blessed with great creativity, 6 (commit) themselves to making this show a great success for ages. They have been starving to share their unique fashion sense with the world ever since they 7 (expose) to different fashion cultures through TV and the Internet, opening their eyes to new 8 (trend). Some people once panicked that rural traditions would fade 9 (gradual) away in the wave of modernization, yet the emergence of Guizhou Village T at the fashion week shows that the villagers resolve 10 (preserve) their cultural heritage while moving forward with the times. It is a vivid example of the harmonious blend of rural and urban cultures. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（25-26高二下·全国·月考）(原创)假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办以“Nature in the Balance”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一篇英文演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 简述自然平衡对人类生存的重要性； 2. 举例说明当前生态失衡的具体表现(至少两点)； 3. 就个人如何在日常生活中维护自然平衡发出具体倡议。   注意：1. 词数80左右。标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nature in the Balance Dear teachers and classmates, I’m Li Hua. It’s my great honor to give a speech on “Nature in the Balance”. 2．（24-25高二下·全国·课后作业）根据以下要点，写一篇《百万英镑》（The Million Pound Bank Note）的简介。 1. 主人公：Henry Adam（一个穷困潦倒的美国小伙子）。 2. 故事梗概：Henry Adam出海时遭遇轮船出事，后流落伦敦。伦敦的两个富人兄弟打赌并借给Henry一百万英镑，看他能否在伦敦生活。随着这百万英镑的拥有、失去再失而复得，人们对Henry的态度也一再改变。 3. 主题：对拜金主义思想的批判，揭露当时存在于英国社会中的种种滑稽现象。 参考词汇：拜金主义思想（money worship） 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 3．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）《鲁滨孙漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）是英国小说家丹 尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe）写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简介： 1．该书是丹尼尔·笛福最受欢迎的历险小说之一； 2．简述小说的主要故事情节； 3．小说的情节引人入胜，这部小说被认为是英国文学史上的第一部现实主义长篇小说。 注意：词数100左右。 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02语法（“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”、主语从句）&写作（生存故事、介绍文学作品）（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 知识点02 知识点03 知识点04 知识点05 知识点06 知识点07 知识点08 典例引领·即时检测 精析典型例题，强化解题能力 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 核心考点 复习目标 考情规律 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词” 1.“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的相同点 2.“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的不同点 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 主语从句 熟练运用主语从句的连接词。 基础必考点，常出现在语法填空题中 生存故事 描写生存故事的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 介绍文学作品 介绍文学作品的佳句及写作方法 应用文写作 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词” 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 1．Whatever difficulty we meet with，we must finish the task on time，since the opportunity is so valuable. 2．Mother suggests that I should collect the old clothes and give them to whoever needs them. 3．No matter when you pick something up，you should turn it to the owner at once. 4．There is no person in the world who can do whatever to please him. 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的相同点 “疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”都可以引导让步状语从句，均表示“无论；不管”，可互换。 Whatever (＝No matter what) happens，we will not change our mind. 无论发生什么事，我们都不会改变想法。 Wherever (＝No matter where) he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 不管他在哪儿，早餐前都要去散步，这是他的习惯。 However(＝ No matter how) hard he works，he finds it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作，他发现总是入不敷出。 [名师点津]　however作连词时，也可以引导让步状语从句，后面常常接形容词或副词，即：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语，有时也可以不接形容词或副词。另外，however还可以作副词，意为“然而”，不能引导让步状语从句。 二．“疑问词＋­ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”引导从句的不同点 “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋­ever”既可以引导让步状语从句(此时可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换)，又可以引导名词性从句(此时不可与“no matter＋疑问词”互换)。 (1)whoever引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作主语，相当于anyone who。 Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. 谁想住旅馆，谁就得自己付钱。(主语从句，whoever在从句中作主语) Whoever wants to stay in a hotel，he/she has to pay his/her own way. 无论谁想住宾馆，他/她必须自己付钱。(让步状语从句) (2)whomever引导名词性从句时，在从句中通常作宾语，相当于anyone whom。但是，在口语中，常用whoever代替whomever。 You may invite whomever you like to the party. 你可以邀请任何你喜欢的人参加这个派对。(宾语从句，在从句中whomever作动词like的宾语) Whomever you like，you can invite him/her to the party. 无论你喜欢谁，你都可以邀请他/她来参加这个派对。(让步状语从句) (3)whatever引导名词性从句时，相当于anything that，在从句中可作主语、表语或宾语；作“无论什么样的”讲时，在句中作定语。 It's generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he/she wants. 一个小孩想要什么就给他/她什么，一般被认为是不明智的。(宾语从句，在从句中whatever作动词wants的宾语) Whatever he does has nothing to do with me. 他做的任何事都与我无关。(主语从句，在从句中whatever作动词does的宾语) Whatever he says，she always thinks it right. 无论他说什么，她都认为是正确的。(让步状语从句) (4)whichever引导名词性从句时，既可指人，又可指物，通常表示在一定的范围内进行选择。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到这儿，谁就获奖。(主语从句，whichever of you在从句中作主语) Whichever of you gets here first，he/she will get the prize. 无论你们谁第一个到这里，他/她就获奖。(让步状语从句) 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 无论学英语有多难，我都要坚持学下去。 ，I will hold on to it. However/No matter how difficult it is to study English 即时检测 一．完成句子 ①不管你准备得多么充分，你在登山中仍需要很多运气。 ，you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. ②不管发生什么，他都必须完成这项任务。 ，he must finish the task. ③不管你在哪儿上班，你都必须努力。 ，you must work hard. 【答案】1.However/No matter how well prepared you are2.Whatever/No matter what might happen3.Wherever/No matter where you work 二．判断下列从句的类型 ①Whoever breaks the law should be punished. ②Whoever breaks the law，he should be punished. ③Whatever may happen，you must keep calm. ④Keep calm，whatever happens. ⑤Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps. 【答案】1.主语从句2.让步状语从句3.让步状语从句4.让步状语从句5.主语从句 三.短文语法填空 Novel coronavirus pneumonia swept across China in late 2019.Our government immediately took 1. (effect) measures for treatment and prevention.No matter 2. you are，you can get free treatment from the government.In order to prevent the spread of the disease，the government had taken many measures.3. you go，you had 4. (examine)．The government called for people to be isolated at home.If you feel unwell，you should put on a mask and go to a designated hospital for an 5. (examine) immediately.No matter 6. you go，you should wear a mask.However，no matter 7. strict the government measures were，there were still some people 8. broke the rules.They did 9. they wanted to do.It has brought many difficulties to the defense of the disease.As citizens of China，we should actively cooperate no matter 10. the government requires us to do. 【答案】1.effective2.where 3.Wherever 4.to be examined5.examination6.where 7.how 8.who 9.whatever 10.what 主语从句 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 [观察例句] 观察下列句子并指出黑体部分的语法作用 1．That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us. 2．It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked. 3．Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 4．Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. 5．What I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone. 6．Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. 7．When we arrive at the destination doesn't matter. 8．How this happened is not clear to anyone. 以上句子中，1－3为从属连词引导的主语从句；4－6为连接代词引导的主语从句；7－8为连接副词引导的主语从句。 知识点02 [归纳用法] 一、主语从句的概述 在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫作主语从句。主语从句可直接放在句首，也可用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置。 二、主语从句的引导词 1．从属连词 that, whether, if等。 2．连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。 3．连接副词 when, where, why, how, whenever，however，wherever等。 三、主语从句的用法 1．that引导的主语从句 (1)that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义。但是that不能省略。 That we need more equipment is obvious.显然，我们需要更多的设备。 That she won the game made us very happy.她赢得了比赛令我们非常高兴。 [名师点津]　从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 (2)在that引导的主语从句中，常用it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句后置，常见的此类句型有： ①It＋be＋形容词(obvious, natural, surprising, possible, likely, important, necessary等)＋that从句 It is certain that she will do well in her exam.可以肯定她会考得很好。 It is obvious that you have made a big mistake.很明显你犯了一个大错。 [名师点津]　在句型It＋be＋形容词＋that从句中，如果形容词为necessary, important等，主语从句要用虚拟语气。即：It is necessary/important that＋主语＋(should)＋动词原形＋其他． It is necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages. 大学生掌握一两门外语是非常有必要的。 It is important that he (should) attend every day.他每天都要出席，这很重要。 ②It＋be＋名词(词组)(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等)＋that从句。 It is no surprise that our team have won the game.我们队已经赢得了那场比赛并不令人惊奇。 It is a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.很遗憾你昨天没去听讲座。 ③It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, suggested等)＋that从句。 It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。 It is generally considered that boys are better at science than girls.人们普遍认为男孩比女孩更擅长理科。 [名师点津]　如果过去分词为表示建议、命令、要求等的词(suggested，advised，ordered，requested，insisted，demanded等)，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式为“(should)＋动词原形”。 It is suggested that you(should) spend more time in studying English. 建议你花更多的时间学习英语。 ④It＋动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, prove, occur to sb.等)＋that从句 It happened that I was away when he called.他来电话时我碰巧不在。 It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.我突然想起我们应该和经理联系。 2．whether引导的主语从句 whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末(前面需用it作形式主语)。whether意为“是否”，只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，且不可省略。 Whether we will go for an autumn outing is not sure.＝It is not sure whether we will go for an autumn outing.我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。 It is unknown whether he has agreed to my plan.不知道他是否已经同意了我的计划。 3．连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 (1)连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，不可以省略。 What he said just now is true.他刚才说的是真的。 Whoever breaks the law will be punished.无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚。 [名师点津]　①whoever和whatever引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语。 ②what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语时，谓语动词的单复数由谓语动词后面名词的数决定。 What hurt my feelings was the judge's comment.伤害我感情的是评审员的评语。 What the kid wanted was only a new school bag.(school bag是可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数) 那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。 What they need are a car and some water.(a car and some water表示复数概念，谓语动词用复数) 他们需要的是一辆车和一些水。 (2)连接副词when, where, why, how，whenever，however, wherever等在从句中作状语。 Where he lives is not known to anyone.他住在哪里谁也不知道。 When we'll go for a picnic isn't known.(when在从句中作时间状语)我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 1．（24-25高二下·天津·月考）________ bothered me most was ________ I should choose as my partner in the competition. A．What; that B．What; who C．It; who D．Which; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：最困扰我的是我应该选谁作为比赛搭档。第一个空引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指代“困扰我的事情”，用What；第二个空引导表语从句，在从句中作choose的宾语，指代“人”，表示“谁”，用who，that在名词性从句中不作成分，it不能引导主语从句置于句首，故选B。 即时检测 一．用适当的从属连词填空 ① the earth moves around the sun is known to all. ②It is likely he can't come to the meeting. ③ you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it. ④It remains to be seen we shall raise ducks or geese. 【答案】1.That 2.that 3.Whether 4.whether/if 二．用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空 ① comes to the party will receive a present. ② they will start has not been decided yet. ③ caused the accident is a complete mystery. ④ team will win the match remains to be seen. 【答案】1.Whoever 2.When 3.What 4.Which 三.单句语法填空 1．It is not a problem we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time. 2. you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. 3．But in this experiment they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 4．It's partly true Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. 5．Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 6． she was invited to the ball made her very happy. 7．Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her. 8．It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 9． will take over the company has not been decided yet. 10．Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 【答案】1.whether 2.What 3.what 4.that 5.whoever 6.That 7.how 8.whether 9.Who 10.when 四.短文语法填空 It is true 1. inner beauty is very important, but sometimes, 2. we wear can't be ignored completely.Supposing you are going to attend an interview, 3. you look in appearance may decide whether you will be accepted, because 4. we dressed appropriately will leave a good first impression on the interviewer.In this case, 5. we should pay attention to our external beauty is obvious.6. seems more beautiful may boost the self­confidence and perform well in the interview. 【答案】1.that 2.what 3.how 4.that 5.whether 6.Who 生存故事 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于生存故事的增分佳句 开头:介绍事故发生的时间、地点和人物等基本信息 1.I was doing my homework last night when I felt the shake of my room.昨天晚上我正在写作业,这时我感到我的房间在震动。 2.Last week, I participated in a wilderness survival activity in a camp.上周我在一个营地参加了一次野外生存活动。 3.I was about to go to school when the lift came to a sudden stop.我正要去上学,电梯突然停了下来。 主体:描写历险过程和个人感受 1.a terrible storm hit/struck...一场可怕的暴风雨侵袭了…… 2.I was alone in the lift and felt a bit frightened and worried at first.我一个人在电梯里,一开始感到有点害怕和担心。 3.I managed to make myself calm down.我设法使自己平静了下来。 4.I tried to cry for help, but no one seemed to be able to hear me from outside.我试着呼救,但是外面似乎没有人能够听到我的声音。 5.With the help of the rescue team, people who were trapped in the flood were saved.在救援队的帮助下,被困在洪水中的人们得救了。 结尾:表达自己对此次经历的感悟 1.In conclusion, stay calm in the face of danger and soon we can find a way to protect ourselves.总之,在面对危险时要保持冷静,很快我们就可以找到保护自己的方法。 2.I felt tired and sleepy,but I further realised the importance of being brave and confident.尽管觉得又累又困,但我进一步意识到勇敢和自信的重要性。 3.It is of vital importance for us to make adjustments in time when exposed to extreme conditions.对我们来说,遇到极端情况时及时作出调整是极其重要的。 知识点02例题讲解 写作题目 　　请根据以下内容,写一篇80词左右的英语短文,介绍你在一次地震中的逃生经历,要点如下: 　　1.时间:昨天晚上; 　　2.事件发生的过程:地震来袭时,你正在做家庭作业,突然感觉房间在摇晃,一些书从书架上掉下来,所以你推测是发生了地震。你听到人们在大声喊叫,便急忙和父母一起下楼; 　　3.结果:地震过后,人们和建筑都安然无恙。 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.terrifying adj.极其可怕的   2.infer v.推断,推定  3.in the meantime在此期间;与此同时  4.wipe out彻底摧毁,消灭  Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:介绍地震发生的时间,并详细描述地震发生时周围事物的变化以及人们的表现 (1)I was doing (正在做)my homework last night.  (2)I felt the shake of my room (我的房间的震动).   (3)The shake caused some books to fall(导致一些书掉落)onto the floor from the bookshelf.  (4)The shake was so terrifying that (是如此可怕以至于)I inferred that (推测) it was an earthquake.   (5)In the meantime (与此同时),I heard some people shouting(听到一些人在喊), “Earthquake! Earthquake!”  (6)I hurried downstairs (急忙下楼) with my parents.  第二段:简要说明地震后的情况 (7)Luckily, the earthquake was not strong enough to wipe out (摧毁) the building.  2.句式升级 (8)用关系代词which合并句(2)和句(3) I felt the shake of my room, which caused some books to fall onto the floor from the bookshelf. (9)用when合并句(1)和句(8) I was doing my homework last night when I felt the shake of my room, which caused some books to fall onto the floor from the bookshelf. 知识点03 连句成篇 I was doing my homework last night when I felt the shake of my room, which caused some books to fall onto the floor from the bookshelf.The shake was so terrifying that I inferred that it was an earthquake. In the meantime, I heard some people shouting, "Earthquake! Earthquake!" I hurried downstairs with my parents. Luckily, the earthquake was not strong enough to wipe out the building. The building was still there and everyone in the building was safe. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你上周参加了一次野外生存(wilderness survival)活动。请写一篇短文介绍你的体验过程,内容包括: 　　1.活动的时间、地点; 　　2.活动过程中你遇到的困难以及你是如何克服的; 　　3.活动带给你的感受。 　　注意: 　　1.词数80个左右; 　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  One possible version: 　　Last week, I participated in a wilderness survival activity in a camp. Before the activity, participants were organized separately, meaning we had to cope with any emergency on our own. As for me, the largest challenge was my fear of snakes. I lay in my tent the whole night awake, trying to get rid of the fear which was always surrounding me. The next morning, I felt tired and sleepy, but I further realised the importance of being brave and confident. Finally, I succeeded in finishing all the tasks given to me. 　　All in all, I believe I will never forget this meaningful experience. 1.重点词汇 ①participate in 参加 ②separately adv.分别地;单独地 ③emergency n.紧急情况;突发事件 ④succeed in 在……方面取得成功 2.亮点句型 Before the activity, participants were organized separately,meaning we had to cope with any emergency on our own.(现在分词短语作结果状语)活动开始前,参与者被单独安排开,这意味着我们必须独自应对任何突发事件。   介绍文学作品 知识梳理·方法技巧 知识点01 写作积累 关于文学作品中人物的介绍的表达 第一段: 人物背景介绍 词汇 outstanding adj.杰出的;be set in以……为背景;be full of充满;be regarded as被视作 句式 My favourite novel is...written by..., who is regarded as...我最喜欢的小说是……写的……,他被认为是…… The novel tells the story of...这本小说讲的是……的故事。 第二段:对人物(性格、语言特点等)的认识 词汇 外貌描写: handsome, elegant, graceful, slim, well-dressed, good-looking, skinny, ordinary, plain, overweight, dark-skinned 语言描写: whisper, sigh, murmur, shout, roar, repeat, interrupt, utter 动作描写: wave, point, lean, move, bend, smile, turn around 心理活动描写: delighted, excited, overjoyed, satisfied, touched, astonished, surprised, angry, disappointed, depressed, down, fearful, desperate 句式 The novel starts/ends with...这部小说以……开头/结尾。 In the story, what matters most to...is...在这个故事中,对……最重要的是…… The theme of the story is...这个故事的主题是…… 第三段:对人物进行评价 词汇 outgoing adj.外向的;patient adj.耐心的;brave adj.勇敢的;courageous adj.勇敢的;loyal adj.忠诚的;generous adj.慷慨的;independent adj.独立的;inspire sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事 句式 The character that the writer designed in the novel helps us better understand...作者在小说中塑造的人物帮助我们更好地理解…… In a word, not only is he/she a brave boy/girl but he/she is also a symbol of...总之,他/她不仅是一个勇敢的男孩/女孩,也是……的象征。 知识点02 例题讲解 写作题目 　　假定你是李华,你最近阅读了鲁迅的小说《祝福》(The New Year's Sacrifice)。请写一篇短文评价小说中“祥林嫂(Sister Xianglin)”这个人物。内容包括: 　　1.人物背景简介; 　　2.对祥林嫂(性格、语言特点等)的认识; 　　3.对人物进行评价。 　　注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右; 　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　参考词汇:封建制度/封建主义 feudalism 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.本单元所学单词或短语 1.novelist n.小说家   2.heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的   3.leave/make a deep impression on 给……留下深刻印象   Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法 1.完成句子 第一段:人物背景简介 (1)Recently, I read a novel called(名为)The New Year's Sacrifice.  (2)It was written by the famous Chinese novelist (中国著名小说家) Lu Xun.   (3)It describes the heartbreaking story about Sister Xianglin who goes through (经历)much pain in her youth and shows how it affects her throughout her later years.   第二段:对祥林嫂(性格、语言特点等)的认识 (4)Generally speaking (总的来说), Sister Xianglin is a hard-working, kind and strong female.   (5)She is described vividly (被生动地描述) in the novel.   (6)Lu Xun described features of Sister Xianglin in many aspects, especially the way she speaks(她说话的方式).   (7) For example, she likes repeating her words again and again, which leaves/makes a deep impression on(给……留下了深刻的印象) readers.   第三段:对人物进行评价 (8) In my opinion, Sister Xianglin is a typical representative of rural Chinese women in feudal society, suffering from feudalism(遭受着封建制度的折磨) at that time.   2.句式升级 (9)用非限制性定语从句合并句(1)和句(2) Recently, I read a novel called The New Year's Sacrifice, which was written by the famous Chinese novelist Lu Xun. (10)用非限制性定语从句合并句(4)和句(5) Generally speaking, Sister Xianglin is a hard-working, kind and strong female, who is described vividly in the novel. 知识点03连句成篇 Recently, I read a novel called The New Year's Sacrifice,which was written by the famous Chinese novelist Lu Xun. It describes the heartbreaking story about Sister Xianglin who goes through much pain in her youth and shows how it affects her throughout her later years Generally speaking, Sister Xianglin is a hard-working, kind and strong female,who is described vividly in the novel. Lu Xun described features of Sister Xianglin in many aspects, especially the way she speaks. For example, she likes repeating her words again and again,which leaves a deep impression on readers. In my opinion, Sister Xianglin is a typical representative of ruralChinese women in feudal society,suffering from feudalism at that time. 典例引领·即时检测 典例01 　　假定你是李华,你最近报名参加了一个话剧表演大赛,你扮演的是《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)中的巴萨尼奥(Bassanio)。请写一篇短文谈谈你对该人物的认识,内容包括: 　　1.人物背景; 　　2.你对该人物的认识。(提示:重情重义,很受欢迎,但缺乏决策能力……) 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】 　　Recently, I participated in a drama performance competition, and I played the role of Bassanio, a character in The Merchant of Venice. The following is my understanding of the character. 　　In my opinion, Bassanio is one of the most impressive figures that Shakespeare created in his works. Bassanio is a Venetian gentleman who is always neatly dressed. He values friendships greatly and his graceful speech leaves a deep impression on those who communicate with him. As a handsome and intelligent young man, he is welcome wherever he appears. But he lacks the decision-making ability when facing difficulties, which makes me disappointed. 　　In my view, Bassanio is not a repulsive character but a sincere one in the drama. 1.重点词汇 ①participate in参加 ②impressive adj.令人敬佩的; 给人印象深刻的 ③figure n.人物 ④value vt.重视 ⑤not...but...不是……而是…… 2.亮点句型 ①He values friendships greatly and his graceful speech leaves a deep impression on those who communicate with him.(who引导定语从句)他非常重视友谊,他优雅的言谈给那些与他交流的人留下了深刻的印象。  ②But he lacks the decision-making ability when facing difficulties, which makes me disappointed.(“when facing difficulties”为状语从句的省略;which引导非限制性定语从句)但是面对困难时,他缺乏决策能力,这让我很失望。  考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一.用whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever填空 1． left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident. 2．The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season is. 3． amusing the story is，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. 4．The strange man asked me to hand the letter to I met in the police station，saying it was very important. 5．Justice has long arms. deliberately breaks the law，or encourages others to do so，must expect to face justice. 6．We all know that both computers have their strengths and weaknesses，so choose you like. 7．Using a new app named Papa，the elderly people can call on young volunteers to take care of them they are in need. 8．In peacetime，the Red Cross is expected to send help there is human suffering. 9． hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount of fat you eat. 10．She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. 【答案】1.Whoever 2.whatever 3.However 4.whomever 5.Whoever 6.whichever 7.whenever 8.wherever 9.However 10.whatever 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一．单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东江门·期末）______ surprised everyone was that the runner ______a small rock just before crossing the finish line. A．What; tripped over B．That; fell down C．It; got through D．How; walked into 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词性从句和动词短语辨析。句意：令每个人惊讶的是，那位赛跑者在即将冲过终点线时被一块小石头绊倒了。分析句子结构并结合语意可知，第一空，“______ surprised everyone”为主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，应用连词代词what引导，指代“令人惊讶的事情”，而that在主语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；it不能引导主语从句；how在从句中作状语，均不符合语法。第二空，tripped over意为“被……绊倒”，符合“跑步者在冲过终点线前被一块小石头绊倒”的语义。fell down意为“摔倒”，后面不接宾语；got through意为“通过，接通”；walked into意为“走进，撞上”，均不符合语意。故选A项。 2．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）______ impressed me most about the documentary was ______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough. A．What; where B．It; that C．What; how D．Which; when 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这部纪录片最让我印象深刻的是这位科学家是如何在无数次失败中坚持不懈，最终取得突破的。“______ impressed me most about the documentary”是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故第一空应用what引导该主语从句；“______ the scientist persevered through countless failures to finally achieve her breakthrough”是表语从句，从句缺少状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“这位科学家是如何在无数次失败中坚持不懈，最终取得突破的”，故第二空应用how引导该表语从句，表示方式。故选C。 3．（24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）________ impressed me the most was the way ________ he handled the difficult situation with calmness and wisdom A．What; that B．That; that C．Whether; in that D．What; which 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：给我留下最深刻印象的，是他在处理这一棘手局面时所展现出的沉着与智慧。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what；第二空定语从句修饰先行词way，从句用that/in which或不填，故选A。 4．（24-25高二下·天津·期中）________ gets home first is to cook the supper. A．That B．Whom C．Those D．Whoever 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁先到家，谁就负责做晚饭。空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，应用whoever引导该从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选D。 二．单句语法填空 1．（24-25高二下·江苏扬州·期中） the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代人是如何用原始的工具建造金字塔的，这个问题困扰了人们好几个世纪。空处引导主语从句，在句中作状语，表示“如何、怎样”，故应用连接副词how；句首字母大写。故填How。 2．（24-25高二下·江苏扬州·期中）It is still open to question is to head the group. 【答案】who 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁领导这个小组还没定下来。It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，作真正的主语，引导词在从句中作主语，结合句意可知此处指“谁领导这个小组”，使用连接词代词who引导，故填who。 3．（23-24高二下·广东茂名·期中） we need are your two New Year’s (resolve). 【答案】 What resolutions 【详解】考查主语从句和名词。句意：我们需要的是你的两个新年决心。第一空，空处引导主语从句，并在从句里作宾语，故用what表示“什么”，位于句首首字母大写；第二空，空处应用名词resolution“决心”在句中作表语，由two可知，应用复数形式。故填①What；②resolutions。 4．（23-24高二下·广东·期中） matters most is not what you think but what you do to pave the way for your future. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：最重要的不是你想什么，而是你做了什么来为你的未来铺平道路。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指“……的事物”，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 5．（23-24高二下·江苏盐城·期中） breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and punished. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁违法迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。分析句式结构可知此处是主语从句，且主语从句中缺少主语，再分析句意可知，用连接代词whoever引导主语从句表示“无论谁”，符合语境。故填whoever。 二．完成句子 1．（23-24高二下·广东广州·期中）据报道，灾区目前正在修建许多房屋。 ________________ many houses ________________ in the disaster area. 【答案】 It is reported that are being built at present 【详解】考查短语、时态和主语从句。“据报道”用It is reported that...，其中it作形式主语。真正的主语为that从句；“目前”用短语at present，表示正在进行，所以用现在进行时；many houses与build之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填It is reported that；are being built at present。 2．（23-24高二下·广东广州·期中）我们不能获得的东西似乎比我们已拥有的东西要好。（主语从句，宾语从句） ________________ seems better than ________________. 【答案】 What we can’t get what we have had 【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知，空一应填“我们得不到的东西”，可用what引导的主语从句表示，表示“得到”可用动词get，“不能”译为can’t，所以①处填What we can’t get，空二应填“我们已拥有的东西”than后是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“东西”可用what，根据句意表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时时态，“拥有”译为have。所以②处应填what we have had。故填①What we can’t get；②what we have had。 3．（25-26高二上·广东茂名·期中）他把笔记本电脑丢在哪里了，这是我们想知道的。 ________ he had lost the laptop was  ________we wanted to know. 【答案】 Where what 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。空1引导主语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分，根据句意“哪里”可知缺少地点状语，应用where连接主语从句；空2引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导，故填Where；what。 4．（23-24高二下·全国·期中）it is believed that... 人们相信，在我们的共同努力下，未来我们可以拥有更清洁的海洋。 ______________________________, we can have cleaner oceans in the future. 【答案】It is believed that with our joint efforts 【详解】考查主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“人们相信，在我们的共同努力下”，“人们相信”是固定句型it is believed that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，“在我们的共同努力下”是with our joint efforts，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是It is believed that with our joint efforts。故填It is believed that with our joint efforts。 5．（24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）The sun said that the one who/that can make the traveler take off his coat will be the stronger. (用主语从句升级) 【答案】The sun said that whoever can make the traveler take off his coat will be the stronger. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：太阳说，谁能使过路人脱下外套，谁就更强大。原句中关系代词who/that引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the one，the one是that引导的宾语从句中的主语，该语境用了拟人手法，the one指的是人，根据“用主语从句升级”的要求可知，可用意为“……的那个人，……的任何人”的连接代词whoever引导主语从句，whoever在主语从句作主语。故改为：The sun said that whoever can make the traveler take off his coat will be the stronger. 三．语法填空 （24-25高二下·江西·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, there came the exciting news that Guizhou Village T, 1 unique rural-style fashion show, made its remarkable first show at China International Fashion Week, 2 has been a hot topic among the public. This special event, 3 (consist) of local farmers and villagers as models wearing their self-designed and handmade clothing, completely challenged the common 4 (assume) that rural areas have nothing to do with high-fashion. Owing to their deep-rooted passion 5 life and strong desire to show their hometown’s charm, the villagers, who are blessed with great creativity, 6 (commit) themselves to making this show a great success for ages. They have been starving to share their unique fashion sense with the world ever since they 7 (expose) to different fashion cultures through TV and the Internet, opening their eyes to new 8 (trend). Some people once panicked that rural traditions would fade 9 (gradual) away in the wave of modernization, yet the emergence of Guizhou Village T at the fashion week shows that the villagers resolve 10 (preserve) their cultural heritage while moving forward with the times. It is a vivid example of the harmonious blend of rural and urban cultures. 【答案】1．a 2．which 3．consisting 4．assumption 5．for 6．have committed/have been committing 7．were exposed 8．trends 9．gradually 10．to preserve 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了贵州“村T”这一独特的乡村时尚秀首次亮相中国国际时装周的情况，展现了村民对生活的热爱、创新精神及乡村与城市文化的和谐融合。 1．考查冠词。句意：最近，令人振奋的消息传来：贵州“村T”，一场独特的乡村风格时装秀，在中国国际时装周上首次精彩亮相，成为公众热议的话题。fashion show为可数名词单数，表泛指“一场独特的乡村风格时装秀”，且unique以辅音音素开头，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这场特别的活动由当地农民和村民组成模特，穿着他们自行设计和手工制作的服装，完全挑战了“农村与高级时尚无关”的普遍假设。此处为非谓语动词作定语，event与consist为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词consisting。故填consisting。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前形容词common可知，此处为名词作challenged宾语，assume的名词为assumption，意为“假设”，为可数名词，其后为同位语从句，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填assumption。 5．考查介词。句意：由于对生活的深厚热爱和展示家乡魅力的强烈愿望，这些富有创造力的村民多年来一直致力于让这场秀取得巨大成功。此处为固定搭配passion for sth.，意为“对……的热爱”，故填介词for。故填for。 6．考查动词时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语“for ages”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，可用现在完成时，或用现在完成进行时，强调动作一直在进行，主语the villagers为名词复数，所以谓语动词为have committed或have been committing。故填have committed/have been committing。 7．考查动词语态。句意：自从通过电视和互联网接触到不同的时尚文化，他们就一直渴望与世界分享自己独特的时尚品味，这也让他们看到了新的潮流。此处为谓语动词，根据主句谓语“have been starving”可知，在since引导的时间状语从句中，使用一般过去时，主语they与expose为被动关系，所以谓此处为一般过去时的被动语态，且主语they为复数意义，谓语动词形式为were exposed。故填were exposed。 8．考查名词复数。句意：同上。trend为可数名词，空前无限定词，结合上文“to different fashion cultures through TV and the Internet”可知，此处使用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填trends。 9．考查副词。句意：曾有人担心，在现代化的浪潮中，乡村传统会逐渐消失，但贵州“村T”在时装周的出现表明，村民们决心在与时俱进的同时保护自己的文化遗产。此处修饰动词fade，用副词作状语，gradual的副词为gradually意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为固定搭配resolve to do sth.，意为“决心做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to preserve作宾语。故填to preserve。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（25-26高二下·全国·月考）(原创)假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办以“Nature in the Balance”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一篇英文演讲稿。 内容包括：1. 简述自然平衡对人类生存的重要性； 2. 举例说明当前生态失衡的具体表现(至少两点)； 3. 就个人如何在日常生活中维护自然平衡发出具体倡议。   注意：1. 词数80左右。标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nature in the Balance Dear teachers and classmates, I’m Li Hua. It’s my great honor to give a speech on “Nature in the Balance”. 【答案】 Nature in the Balance Dear teachers and classmates, I’m Li Hua. It’s my great honor to give a speech on “Nature in the Balance”. Nature is essential for our survival. It provides us with clean air, fresh water and enough food. When nature is in balance, we can live in harmony with wildlife and enjoy a healthy environment. However, the balance is being broken. Air and water pollution make the environment worse. People cut down too many trees, so many animals are losing their homes. As a result, we are facing more natural disasters than before. It’s high time that we took action. We should save energy, reduce waste and recycle more in daily life. We can also plant trees and tell others the importance of protecting nature. Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s join hands and protect our beautiful earth! Thank you! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文之演讲稿，要求考生以李华的身份，参加学校英语俱乐部举办的“Nature in the Balance”主题演讲比赛。写作内容需涵盖自然平衡对人类生存的重要性、当前生态失衡的具体表现、个人如何维护自然平衡并发出环保倡议三大要点。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要的：essential→significant 生存：survival→living 和谐：in harmony→in peace 面临：face→be faced with 采取行动：take action→take measures 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原  句：Nature is important to us. It provides us with clean air, fresh water and enough food. 拓展句：Nature is essential for our survival, as it provides us with clean air, fresh water and enough food. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】When nature is in balance, we can live in harmony with wildlife and enjoy a healthy environment.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型 2】It’s high time that we took action to protect the environment around us.(运用了It’s high time that…虚拟语气句型) 2．（24-25高二下·全国·课后作业）根据以下要点，写一篇《百万英镑》（The Million Pound Bank Note）的简介。 1. 主人公：Henry Adam（一个穷困潦倒的美国小伙子）。 2. 故事梗概：Henry Adam出海时遭遇轮船出事，后流落伦敦。伦敦的两个富人兄弟打赌并借给Henry一百万英镑，看他能否在伦敦生活。随着这百万英镑的拥有、失去再失而复得，人们对Henry的态度也一再改变。 3. 主题：对拜金主义思想的批判，揭露当时存在于英国社会中的种种滑稽现象。 参考词汇：拜金主义思想（money worship） 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 【答案】参考范文： The Million Pound Bank Note by Mark Twain tells the story of an American man, Henry Adam, who is rescued after a shipwreck and goes to London, penniless and friendless. Two rich brothers make a bet and lend Henry a million-pound bank note to see whether he can live a month in London. Later, people’s attitudes towards Henry change over and over again as the note is lost and returned. One obvious theme of the novel is the criticism of the money worship. In the story, it also reveals the ridiculous British society at that time. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生根据所给要点，写一篇《百万英镑》的简介，需涵盖主人公、故事梗概和主题三方面的内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 救援：rescue→save 明显的：obvious→apparent 揭示：reveal→disclose 荒谬的：ridiculous→absurd 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：One obvious theme of the novel is the criticism of the money worship. 拓展句：It is obvious that one theme of the novel is the criticism of the money worship. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The Million Pound Bank Note by Mark Twain tells the story of an American man, Henry Adam, who is rescued after a shipwreck and goes to London, penniless and friendless. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Two rich brothers make a bet and lend Henry a million-pound bank note to see whether he can live a month in London. (运用了whether引导宾语从句) 3．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）《鲁滨孙漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）是英国小说家丹 尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe）写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简介： 1．该书是丹尼尔·笛福最受欢迎的历险小说之一； 2．简述小说的主要故事情节； 3．小说的情节引人入胜，这部小说被认为是英国文学史上的第一部现实主义长篇小说。 注意：词数100左右。 【答案】参考答案 Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels written by the English writer Daniel Defoe. It is about the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is cast away on a remote island. He builds himself a hut, grows crops himself, and becomes self-sufficiet. After 24 years he meets a young native and names him Friday. Crusoe and Friday become close friends, and four years later, they are rescued and both of them return to England. This novel is famous for its attractive details and is regarded as the first realistic novel in the English literary history. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。《鲁滨孙漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）是英国小说家丹 尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe）写的一部著名小说。请考生根据所给要点写一篇简介。 【详解】1.词汇积累 遥远的：remote→ distant 吸引人的：attractive → absorbing 著名的：famous→ well-known 被看作：be regarded as→ be considered as 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels written by the English writer Daniel Defoe. 拓展句：Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels that are written by the English writer Daniel Defoe. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is about the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is cast away on a remote island.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels written by the English writer Daniel Defoe.（运用了过去分词短语written by the English writer Daniel Defoe作后置定语修饰novels） 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $