Unit 2 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“Reading”新知学习，系统构建词汇学习支架，从“知其义”（如soccer match、immune system）、“写其形”（如assume the worst、prevent the spread of diseases）到“悉其变”“明其规”（如v.+y→n.、v.+ment→n.构词规律），再到“通其用”（如do wonders、stick with等高级词块），形成递进式词汇学习脉络，并融合重点词汇用法解析、语法点（现在完成时被动语态等）及阅读应用练习。 该资料亮点在于以核心素养为导向，通过构词规律（如injury→inquire→inquiry）培养思维品质，“用法感知-归纳点拨-应用融会”模式提升语言能力，结合句式变换与仿写（如“疑问词+不定式”结构）发展学习能力。实例丰富，如七选五阅读训练巩固技能，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

Section Ⅱ　　“Reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．a soccer match　　　　　　　　 足球比赛 2．a baseball bat 棒球球板 3．go skydiving 去跳伞 4．lung diseases caused by smoking 吸烟引起的肺病 5．the immune system 免疫系统 6．go jogging in the park 去公园慢跑 7．markets throughout the world 世界各地的市场 8．wipe the sweat from the face 擦去脸上的汗水 二、重点单词——写其形 1．assume the worst 　　　　 　 做最坏的假设 2. 3．prevent the spread of diseases 防止疾病传播 4．Moreover, time is pressing. 此外，时间也很紧迫。 5．reduce stress 缓解压力 6. 7．stretch out a hand 伸出一只手 8．improve your body's range of movement 增大肢体活动幅度 9. 10．prevent soft tissue injury 避免软组织受伤 11．a_lack of food 缺乏食物 12．maintain social ties 保持社会联系 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．injury: v．＋-y→n. ①inquire→inquiry　　　　 质询 ②recover→recovery 恢复；痊愈 ③discover→discovery 发现 2．equipment: v．＋-ment→n. ①punish→punishment　　　　 惩罚 ②achieve→achievement 功绩；成就 ③argue→argument 争论；论据 ④treat→treatment 对待；治疗 ⑤govern→government 政府 五、高级词块——通其用 1．do_wonders　　　　　　 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2．stick_with 持续，坚持 3．make_up_for 弥补，补偿 4．close_to 接近 5．prevent_...from_doing_sth. 　　 阻止……做某事 6．to_start_with 首先 7．tend_to_do_sth. 往往会做某事，倾向于做某事 8．at_risk_of 冒……的危险 9．the_way_to 通向……的路 10．above_all 最重要的是；首先 11．keep_up 保持 12．in_general 一般而言；总之 13．be_rich_in 富含 14．make_sure 确保 15．over_the_long_term 长期 1．They stand close to the fans. 他们站在电扇附近。 ★close to 接近，靠近 |用|法|感|知| •(“动作描写”佳句)The children are running happily back and forth on the grass, enjoying being close to nature.　 孩子们在草地上快乐地跑来跑去，享受着和大自然的亲近。 •The new library is close to completion. 新图书馆快要竣工了。 •It takes the little puppy a long time to drop his guard and get close to people.　 这条小狗要花上很长时间才能放下戒备心，与人亲近。 [归纳点拨] (1)be close to　　　 离……很近，靠近，接近 stand/sit close to 　 站得/坐得离……近 bring ...to a close/come to a close ……结束/使……结束 in closing 最后 (2)close adj. 亲密的；接近的；势均力敌的 adv. 接近，靠近，不远地 v. 关闭；停业 closed adj. 关闭的，停止营业的 closely adv. 密切地；紧密地 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Scientists all over the world are examining the virus closely (close)． ②The shop opens at 8：30 a．m.and is closed (close) at 5：00 p．m. ③We are_close_to signing the agreement. 我们可能很快就要签订协议。 ④No sooner had the meeting come_to_a_close than he received a phone call from the company. 会议刚一结束，他就接到了公司的电话。 2．What might prevent people from starting exercise？ 什么可能阻止人们开始锻炼呢？ ★prevent ...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事 |用|法|感|知| •Put a lid on to prevent heat escaping. 盖上盖子，以免热气跑了。 •The government is taking effective measures to stop house prices from rising. 政府正在采取有效措施阻止房价上涨。 •The medical workers took active steps to keep the disease from spreading. 医务人员采取了积极措施防止疾病扩散。 [归纳点拨] (1)stop ... (from) doing sth. ＝keep ... from doing sth.　 阻止……做某事 (2)prevention n. 阻止，预防 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Doctors say many diseases can be prevented from communicating (communicate) by hand washing. ②Prevention (prevent) is better than cure, so make sure to wash your hands. ③David had a brain disease which_prevented_him_from_walking_or_running like other children. 大卫患有脑部疾病，这让他不能像其他孩子那样走路或者奔跑。 ④We are supposed to prevent_the_factory_from_pouring waste water into rivers. 我们应该阻止工厂把废水排入河里。 3．Congratulations! 祝贺(你)! ★congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 |用|法|感|知| •We offered our congratulations to you on your success. 我们对你的成功表示祝贺。 •Congratulations on your winning the prize in the competition which was held last week. 祝贺你在上周举行的比赛中获奖。 •I think it's necessary for us to congratulate you on the excellent design of the new bridge. 我认为我们有必要就这座新桥的出色设计向你表示祝贺。 [归纳点拨] (1)congratulations on sth.　 祝贺某事 send/offer congratulations to sb.on sth. 祝贺某人某事 (2)congratulate vt. 祝贺，庆祝 congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth. 祝贺某人某事/做某事 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①I would like to express my congratulations (congratulate) to you on your passing the driving test. ②Congratulations to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination. →We send/offer_our_congratulations_to_you_on your passing the College Entrance Examination. →We congratulate_you_on your passing the College Entrance Examination. 4．Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind. 大多数人都认为经常锻炼对身心大有益处。 ★assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 |用|法|感|知| •It's assumed that mental health is closely related to physical health. 一般认为精神健康与身体健康密切相关。 •Assuming/Assume that time permits, a Peking Opera performance will be given. 假如时间允许，还将安排一场京剧表演。 •We must not act on assumptions. 我们不能凭想当然办事。 [归纳点拨] (1)It is assumed that ...　　　 一般认为…… assume ... to be/to do ... 认为……是/做…… (2)assuming (that) conj. 假如 assumed adj. 假定的，假设的 assumption n. 假定，假设 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Assuming (assume) that the plan is practical, how will you achieve it？ ②It was impossible to make assumptions (assume) about people's reactions. ③He lived and worked there under an assumed (assume) name. (2)一句多译 他们认为这个目击者能够很清楚地看到那起事故。 ④They assumed_the_witness_to_be able to see the accident clearly. ⑤They assumed_that the witness was able to see the accident clearly. 5．It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. 有证据表明，经常锻炼的人往往免疫系统会更好，患病的风险更低。 ★tend vi.往往会；趋向vt.照看；护理 |用|法|感|知| •Most people tend to lend a hand to those in need. 大多数人往往会对那些需要帮助的人伸出援手。 •In China, the old tend to be respected and are well tended. 在中国，老年人往往很受尊敬并得到很好的照顾。 •These plants have a tendency to grow in remote rural areas. 这些植物大多生长在偏远的乡村。 [归纳点拨] (1)tend to do ...　　　　　 倾向于做…… tend sb./sth. 照顾/护理某人/某物 tend on 服侍 (2)tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 a tendency to/towards ……的倾向 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①She was praised for having tended on her sick mother-in-law for over thirty years. ②In her late forties, Barbara has a tendency (tend) to complain about what she doesn't feel content with. ③Elephants are also taught to_tend (tend) babies and watch the door. (2)替换加黑词汇 ④People usually think that the problem will never affect them.tend_to 6．Flexibility training, including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement. 柔韧性训练，包括体操和太极拳，有助于舒展肌肉，增大肢体活动幅度。 ★range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列；射程；种类；山脉 v．变化，变动；排列 |用|法|感|知| (写出下列句中range 的含义) ①This weapon can kill at a range of 200 yards.射程 ②He spent a whole morning ranging his books on the shelf.排列 ③As far as I know, she has a very broad range of interests.种类 ④The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.变化 ⑤When driving on freeways, the driver must control his speed within/in the range of speed limit.范围 [归纳点拨] (1)a wide range of ... 一系列……，广泛的…… in/within range of ...　 在……范围内 beyond/out of range 在……范围外 beyond/out of one's range 某人能力范围之外的 (2)range from ...to ... 在……范围内变动 range between ...and ... 在……和……范围内变动 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ⑥The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond our range. ⑦There are a lot of after-class activities in our school, ranging from playing chess to swimming. ⑧With the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held. (2)替换加黑词汇 ⑨The temperature varies from 30 degrees to minus 20.ranges 7．Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you're more likely to stick with them.　最重要的是，要挑选你喜欢的项目，因为这样才更有可能持之以恒。 ★stick with 持续，坚持 |用|法|感|知| •(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Find out what you are good at and stick with it. 找到自己擅长的然后坚持做下去。 •I'm sure that the plan is practical, but I doubt whether he will stick to it until it's finished. 我确信这个计划很实用，但是我怀疑他是否会坚持到计划完成。 •(“场景描写”佳句)It was cold, raining, and to make matters worse，the car wheels got stuck in the mud. 天很冷，还下着雨，更糟糕的是，车轮又陷进了泥里。 [归纳点拨] stick v．　　　　　　　 插入；卡住；粘贴 stick to 坚持，遵守 stick out 突出，显眼，引人注目 be/get stuck in ... 被困在…… |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I had a student today who got his finger stuck (stick) inside a test tube in science class. ②They wrote the notice in big red letters so that it would stick out. ③If you stick_with_it,_your performance will gradually get better. 如果你坚持这么做的话，你的表现会越来越好的。 ④The firefighter sticks_to the principle that he will manage to save anyone who is_stuck_in the big fire. 这名消防员坚持这个原则——他会设法救出任何被困在大火中的人。 8．Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat. 记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。 ★make up for弥补，补偿 |用|法|感|知| •(名言警句)Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.　勤能补拙。 •I managed to make it to the airport in 10 minutes. 我设法在10分钟之内到达了机场。 •I can't make sense of the text.Would you like to help me？　 我不理解这篇文章。你愿意帮助我吗？ [归纳点拨] make up　　　　　　　 和好，和解；编造，虚构； 组成；化妆；弥补 be made up of 由……组成，由……构成 make it 办成，做到，成功； 赶上，及时到达 make out 辨认出；理解；听清 make (no) sense 讲得(不)通，有(没)道理 make sense of 理解 make up one's mind (某人)下定决心，决定 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①They have_made_up_their_minds to learn from you to make_up_for their shortcomings. 他们已经下定决心向你学习，来弥补他们的不足。 ②The team made_up_of ten young men often quarrelled, but they soon made_up. 这支由10名年轻人组成的队伍虽然经常争吵，但他们很快就会和好。 ③Bats often send out sound waves and make_sense_of their environment from the echoes they receive back.　 蝙蝠通常发出声波，然后根据收到的回音来了解周围的环境。 ④The fog was so heavy in the morning that I couldn't make_out the road clearly. 早晨雾很大，我看不清路。 9．To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.　为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 ★equipment n．[U]设备；配备，装备 |用|法|感|知| •We should equip ourselves with the high-positive poses and make our every day beautiful and energetic! 我们应该用高度积极的姿态装备自己，让我们的每一天变得美好且充满活力！ •The new lab is equipped with all kinds of advanced laboratory equipment. 新实验室配备了各种先进的实验设备。 •We must ensure that business is equipped to achieve sustainable growth. 我们必须确保业务能够实现可持续增长。 [归纳点拨] (1)a piece of equipment　　　 一件设备 (2)equip v. 装备，配备 equip ...with ... 用……装备…… be equipped with 配备着…… equip ...for ... 为……装备； 为……做好准备 be equipped to do sth. 能够胜任做某事， 有能力做某事 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句式升级) ①It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)． ②The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing. ③He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students. →Equipped_with_much_experience_in_teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词短语作状语) →Equipping_himself_with_much_experience_in_teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语) 10．Others work out for hours at the weekend to make up for their lack of exercise during the weekdays.　其他人在周末会锻炼好几个小时，以弥补工作日的锻炼不足。 ★lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 |用|法|感|知| •For lack of confidence, she is lacking in skills of communicating. 由于缺乏自信，她缺少沟通技巧。 •Due to a lack of financial knowledge, we usually spend money without plan. 由于缺乏金融知识，我们通常没有计划地花钱。 •They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing.　 他们一切都准备好了，什么也不缺。 归纳点拨 (1)for lack of ...　　　　因为缺乏…… a lack of ... 缺乏…… (2)lack for 缺乏 (3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少…… 名师点津 lack作名词时常与介词of连用，作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①For lack of human protection, some good fields have become deserts. ②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ③Though/Although he lacked experience, he got the job. →Despite his_lack_of_experience, he got the job. →Though/Although lacking_in_experience, he got the job. 语言建构与运用固定搭配 (教材P19－B2内容的归纳拓展) 本文中高频出现的话题词汇exercise及health，根据具体语境使用了各种习惯搭配，如与形容词搭配构成的regular exercise和mental health；与动词搭配构成的do exercise和improve health；与名词搭配构成的an exercise routine和health benefits。这些不同的搭配体现了语言运用的灵活性。熟练掌握并使用这些固定的词汇搭配是学习语言必备的基本能力，平时的学习中应重视对常见词汇的各种习惯搭配的积累。 1．以advice为例： ①adj.＋advice→useful advice　　 有用的建议 ②vt.＋advice→offer/give advice 提供建议 take/accept advice 接受建议 ③advice＋n.→advice column 建议/答问专栏 2．以protection (保护)为例： ①adj.＋protection→effective protection 有效的保护 ②vt.＋protection→seek protection 寻求保护 ③protection＋n.→protection areas 保护区 ④n.＋protection→wildlife protection 野生动物保护 ⑤prep.＋protection→under protection 　 在保护下 [对点训练]　(写出下列短语) ①on_fire　　　　　　　　　 着火 ②make_a_fire 生火 ③fire_the_gun 开枪 ④fire_staff 解雇职员 ⑤traffic_control 交通管制 ⑥control_the_volume 调节音量 ⑦under_control 在控制下 ⑧successful_control 成功控制 1．It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. 有证据表明，经常锻炼的人往往免疫系统会更好，患病的风险更低。 感知将学语法——现在完成时的被动语态 has been proven为现在完成时的被动语态，其构成为：have/has been done，表示动作已经被完成，且对现在造成影响，常与时间状语lately、 recently、 in the past/last days/years、 since then、 ever since、 up to now、 by now、 so far等连用。 ·The house where I grew up has been taken down recently and replaced by an office building. 最近，我在那里长大的那所房子被拆了，取而代之的是一栋办公楼。 ·Up to now, large quantities of food have been sent to Africa to save the starving people there. 到目前为止，大量的食物已被送往非洲以拯救那里的饥饿人民。 2．When to eat is also of great importance. 什么时间吃也很重要。 ★“疑问词＋不定式”结构 when to eat为“疑问词＋to do”结构，在句中作主语。 (1)“疑问词＋不定式”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式； (2)动词不定式或“疑问词＋动词不定式”具有名词功能，在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 (用“疑问词＋不定式”结构升级句子) ①The boy is too young to know what he should do in trouble. →The boy is too young to know what_to_do_in_trouble. ②Excuse me, I'm going to the Ocean Park.Could you tell me when I should get off？ →Excuse me, I'm going to the Ocean Park.Could you tell me when_to_get_off？ ③The empty hall made us nervous all at once.We stood there hopelessly wondering what we should do next. →The empty hall made us nervous all at once.We stood there hopelessly wondering what_to_do_next. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④本周末到哪里远足还在讨论中。 Where_to_go_for_hiking_this_weekend is under discussion. ⑤他们正在讨论下个月接待英国学生时该穿什么。 They are discussing what_to_wear when receiving the British students next month. ⑥当拿到一本新课本时，我们应该考虑一下怎样使用它。 When we get a new textbook, we should consider how_to_use_it. ★be of＋抽象名词 be of great importance为“be of＋抽象名词”结构，等同于“be＋形容词”。类似的还有： be of use/significance/help ...＝be useful/significant/helpful ... 此外，这些抽象名词前可用great、 little、 some、 any、 much、 no等来修饰说明其程度。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①The meeting held yesterday was very important. →The meeting held yesterday was of_great_importance. ②When learning that the operation was useless to the old man，I felt a lump in my throat，tears welling up in my eyes. →When learning that the operation was of_no_use to the old man, I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③在我看来，在课外活动和我们的学习之间保持平衡非常重要。 From my point of view, keeping the balance between extra-curricular activities and our study is_of_great_importance/significance. ④这些书对英语学习者非常有帮助。 →These books are_very_helpful to learners of English. →These books are_of_great_help to learners of English. 课文缩写七选五 根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You want to start doing exercise？ Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you! Understanding the benefits of exercise __1__.Physical activity not only increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs but also improves your immune systems.Moreover, exercise is good for your mental health.Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions. __2__ To work out effectively, planning your exercise routine is the first step.__3__.Choose a suitable activity especially, the one you like, and stick with it. Eating and drinking right What to eat means a lot.For energy, you should eat noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables.For strength, fish, eggs and milk products can give you protein.Remember water is basic throughout exercise.__4__.Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout. Avoiding injury To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.__5__. So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively.What are you waiting for？ A．Planning your exercise routine B．Of equal importance is when to eat C．Regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind D．These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine E．Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings F．Different activities have different functions to improve different parts of your body G．Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout 答案：1～5　CAFBG 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $