语法填空：名词 课件-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

2026年高考语法填空 解题策略 七 名词 2 ill 当提示词是名词时： 提示词是名词 名词所有格 1. Recent ____________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 2. Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________________ (achieve). 3. Some schools will have to make ____________ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 4. That show remains the Great Jason’s best ___________ (perform) to this day. 5. This development was only possible with the _____________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. studies achievement adjustments performance introduction 4 ill 6. This trend has had some unintended side _________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease. 7. Any smell might attract natural ____________ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 8. What makes the adobe dwellings (土坯房) admirable is their _________ (able) to “ air condition” a house. 9. Despite Crabtree’s professional and family success, those around her had noted her ________________ (satisfy) with not finishing school. 10. The _______________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. effects enemies ability dissatisfaction application 5 ill 11.Two _____________ (Frenchman) were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs.Green, was woken up. 12. In my school in the US teachers are like ________ (student) friends. Students can joke about their teachers, do what they want in class and ask any question. 13.I returned the bird to the blue sky, which is one of the best ___________ (choose) I’ve made. 14.Some _______________ (passer-by) witnessed the car accident in which five passengers were killed, a baby included. 15. “He saved my ______ (son) life,” said Mrs Brown. “ I don’t know how to thank him.” Frenchmen students’ choices passers-by son’s 6 ill 16.I’m a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 17. Running is cheap, easy and it's always _____________(energy). 18.To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ____________(strength) your leg muscles. 19.They also shared with us many ____________（tradition）stories about Hawaii. 20. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more_______________ (meaning). scientist energetic strengthen traditional meaningful 7 ill 名词使用场合 1．根据名词的功能判断是否填名词。 名词所作成分：主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、宾语补足语等。 2．根据与其他词的搭配判断是否填名词。 名词通常出现在及物动词、形容词、介词以及限定词之后。 3．填名词时，一定要注意单复数及拼写。造句时注意主谓一致。 8 ill 名词的数和格 1．不定冠词a、an后用名词单数形式: a book 2．有 a few, some, many, all, both等词修饰时名词用复数形式: a few students 3．名词前有one of时，名词用复数形式: one of the stories 4．谓语动词是复数，名词作主语时确定名词为复数: The children are smart. 5．名词的所有格: my father’s glasses, Teachers’ Day, Women’s Day 9 ill 情况 构成方法 单数变复数例词 一般情况 加 -s map-maps; mouth-mouths; house-houses; 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词 加 -es watch-watches; glass-glasses; match-matches; class-classes 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y为i再加es baby---babies; country-countries; 以“元音字母＋y”结尾 词尾加-s key→keys, boy→boys; holiday-holidays; 以-f或-fe结尾 多数变f或fe为v后加-es leaf→leaves, life→lives, shelfknife→knives，thief，wife，loaf，half，leaf，knife，wolf，life， 少数词尾加-s chief→chiefs, roof→roofs, belief→beliefs 以字母-o结尾 词尾加-es hero→heroes, potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes 词尾加-s photo→photos, kilo→kilos, piano→pianos， 以-sis结尾的外来词 变sis为ses basis→bases, analysis→analyses, crisis→crises 知识点1 可数名词复数的变化规则 10 ill 知识点2· 可数名词的不规则变化 变化 示例 单复数同形 deer, fish, sheep, means, series, aircraft, spacecraft, species Chinese，the United States，Swiss，physics，politics，maths, 变内部元音 goose-geese,tooth-teeth, foot-feet, man-men, woman-women；mouse-mice -on变-a phenomenon-phenomena现象，criterion-criteria标准； 词尾加-(r)en child---children孩子; ox-oxen公牛 词尾-un变成-a datum-data数据；medium-media媒体； 知识点3·复合名词的变化规则 合成名词复数 将主体名词变为复数: passer-by→passers-by, （过路人） looker-on→lookers-on; （旁观者） bedroom-bedrooms; 无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s: grown-up→grown-ups (成年人) forget-me-not - forget-me-nots (勿忘我) 知识点4·名词与数量词的搭配 (a) few, several, many, a great many, the/a number of, hundreds of, dozens/scores of/different/other +可数名词 (a) little, a great deal of, a large amount of, much +不可数名词 a lot of, lots of, enough, masses of, plenty of, a quantity of, quantities of, a supply of, some +可数/不可数名词 socks, trousers, stockings, compasses, glasses, jeans, shorts, pants, pincers, scissors, clothes, gloves, scales等成双成对的名词一般用a pair of, two pairs of gloves. 成双成对的名词 【易错提醒】物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式，如：a cup of tea; three pieces of bread; two pieces of paper等。 知识点5 's所有格 1. 表示人或有生命的名词常在词尾加’s。 2. 以s结尾的复数名词，只加’。如: students’ reading room学生阅览室； 3. 表示两者各自所有关系时，分别在每个名词的词尾加’s；表示两者共有，在最后名词词尾加’s。如： my sister's telephone 姐姐的电话; the boy’s pen男孩的钢笔; Women’s day 妇女节 4. 表示店铺、办公室或某人家时，名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。如： at the barber’s在理发店； at my uncle’s在我叔家； the doctor’s (office)诊所； 5.若一样东西为两人所有，只在后一个名词后加’s。 This is Tom and Jim’s father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲。 6.表示时间、距离、重量、地方等无生命的事物的名词­'s表示所有关系。 a week’s holiday 一周的假；thirty minutes’ ride三十分钟的车程 常考名词后缀 知识点1 形容词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －age short→shortage短缺 percent→percentage百分比 －cy efficient→efficiency效率fluent→fluency流利accurate→accuracy准确性private→privacy隐私 －dom free→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智；智慧 －ence different→difference差异evident →evidence 证据 －ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点thick→thickness厚度kind→kindness仁慈 careless→carelessness粗心大意 －th strong→strength力气；优势warm→warmth温暖；热情 －y/－ty/－ity difficult→difficulty困难disable→disability缺陷；伤残responsible→responsibility责任honest→honesty诚实 知识点2 动词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －ion/－tion/－sion/ attract→attraction吸引力celebrate→celebration庆祝conclude→conclusion结论；结束discuss→discussion讨论；论述decide→decision决定admit→admission承认；permit→permission允许，许可invite→invitation邀请explain→explanation解释expect→expectation期望 －er/－or sail→sailor海员，水手drive→driver司机；驾驶员gather→gatherer收集者，采集者teach→teacher老师announce→announcer广播员conduct→conductor售票员 知识点2 动词转化为名词后缀 －ment punish→punishment惩罚achieve→achievement成就argue→argument辩论；论据treat→treatment对待；治疗equip →equipment装备；设备govern→government政府astonish→astonishment惊奇develop→development发展 －ance/－ence appear→appearance出现；外貌guide→guidance 指导perform→performance表演；表现exist→existence存在；prefer→preference偏爱refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/-ture fail→failure失败；倒闭press→pressure压力depart→departure离开；出发mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉begin→beginning开始build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －y recover→recovery恢复discover→discovery发现 $