Unit 5 Period 2 Learning About Language课后巩固 多维提能（Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 维度一　分析下面的长难句并翻译 1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. [分析]　本句是并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，After引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，that引导结果状语从句。 翻译：廷德尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她本来准备让它安乐死，但法伯的治疗极大地缓解了她的狗的痛苦，使她能够让查理多活了五个月。 2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。现在分词短语making for a guide在句中作结果状语，其中含有两个which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a guide。 翻译：她从商人的实用角度出发撰写这本书，而非以学者的身份，使这本书成为一本非常通俗易懂且信息丰富的指南，读到最后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。 3．(2024·全国甲卷)He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。谓语动词suggested后跟省略连接词that的宾语从句“ I think about...”，其中介词短语“between...and...”作后置定语修饰difference；三个endings后均为that引导的定语从句；even if引导让步状语从句。 翻译：他建议我思考一下，我想要给角色设定的结局与适合角色的结局之间有什么区别，以及那些即便没有传统意义上的美好结果，也能让故事圆满的结局。 4．(2024·浙江卷1月)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. [分析]　本句是并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，because引导原因状语从句；第二个分句中，that引导定语从句，“a feeling of reward and satisfaction”作value的同位语。 翻译：我们之所以会受到甜食的诱惑，是因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量匮乏的世界里，而我们的大脑对这些食物形成了一种反应机制，这种机制反映了这些食物的价值——一种奖励和满足感。 5．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works，and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中第二个and连接并列的动词不定式“to make...”和“to teach...”作表语；“including...”为介词短语，其中what和why均引导宾语从句；“how to adopt this philosophy”作teach的宾语；if引导条件状语从句，“it's right for you”为宾语从句。 翻译：这本书的目标就是为数字极简主义提供支持理由， 包括详细探索它的要求和为什么它有效， 以及教会你如何运用这种极简生活的哲学观， 如果你觉得它适合你。 6．The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。现在分词“providing...”和“offering...”并列作伴随状语；when 引导时间状语从句；if 引导条件状语从句。 翻译：工作人员热情友好、乐于助人， 他们在你抵达时为你提供城市地图，并在你需要时提供建议。 维度二　语法与写作 1．(2023·浙江卷1月读后续写)令人欣慰的是，原先窗户上的那个洞已经无影无踪了。 It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found． 2．(2024·全国甲卷)当我们到达时，我们直奔一家有名的餐厅点餐，菜的味道非常棒。 When we arrived, we went straight to a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted great． 3．(2024·北京卷)虽然他认为客观现实是存在的，但他说我们的思维在构建和塑造我们的感知过程中起着必不可少的作用。 While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. 4．(2024·浙江卷1月)她了解到，只要有一点创造力和观察力，任何挑战都能被克服。 She learned that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome． 5．他总是犯同样的错误，这使他的老师很恼火。 He is always making the same mistake，which makes his teacher annoyed． 6．人类活动导致了环境污染是众所周知的事实。 The fact that the human activities cause environmental pollution is known to us all. 7．然而，在我看来，对学生最有好处的是阅读英语书籍，因为它可以帮助学生对英语这门语言有更深的了解。 However, from my point of view，what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of English as a language． 8．他是我心目中的英雄，因为他虽然身有残疾，但从未放弃过自己的梦想。 He is the hero in my heart because he never gives up his dream although he is disabled． 9．给我印象最深的是爱尔兰的民间舞蹈和歌曲，这绝对是文化节的亮点之一。 What impressed me most were Irish folk dances and songs, which were definitely one of the highlights of the cultural festival． 10．非常感谢您， 您不仅给予了我生命，还教导我如何做一个好人。 Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teaching me how to be a good person． 维度三　语篇填空 1．We were told that there was going to be a party next week(我们被告知下周将有一个聚会), but we don't know the exact time and place. “It makes no difference 2.when and where we will hold the party(我们将在什么时候、什么地方举行这次聚会), but it matters a lot 3.who will host it(谁将主持它). Do you think so？” said Mary. Hearing 4.what she said(她所说的), Yang Fang said “Our manager is the right person for it, but the question is 5.that he will be out on business(他将外出出差) next week”． 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·淄博期末)On a full-moon night in 1988, a young park keeper named Bruce Barnes paddled a boat into the wetlands of Louisiana's Barataria Preserve. It was A．m. when he pulled out his instrument and played it attentively. First, Barnes recalled, the frogs joined in. Then the turtles approached. Several of them stayed at the boat's edge as he sang for them during the next two hours. Barnes, now 61, is known today as a musician. He is also a naturalist who spends most of his career working for the National Park Service. His early interest in the natural world led him to major in biology at Henderson State University and to start working at national parks as an undergraduate. He arrived at Barataria in 1987 when he was 23. Barnes surveyed the park's plants and animals and led daytime boat trips. Hours after sunset, he returned to the water by himself. For Barnes, music and nature don't inhabit separately. Louisiana's rhythms, he says, are as place-specific as its marshes and forests. The wetlands even produce their own music. Barnes has visited Barataria at night with a sound engineer, capturing wildlife sounds to weave into his recordings. Barnes retired from the National Park Service in 2015. He still plays music full time, and he remains a naturalist, leading walking tours and photographing medicinal plants. Some of those photographs are currently on display in New Orleans. Plants and music, to Barnes, all have magic power. In his adopted home, they are never far from each other. “When you roll into New Orleans, you can hear some of the world's greatest music，” he says. “And you can get in your car and drive 25 minutes and be in the wetlands, completely surrounded by nature and water, and feel like you're 1，000 miles from civilization.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了前国家公园管理员布鲁斯·巴恩斯如何将自然与音乐融合，展现其独特的生活哲学和艺术追求的故事。 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing some figures. B．By giving some examples. C．By describing a scene. D．By comparing two situations. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“On a full-moon night...and played it attentively.”可推知，作者通过描述一个场景来引入话题。 2．What does the underlined word “inhabit” mean in paragraph 3? A．Exist.　　　　　 B．Unite. C．Form. D．Originate. A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后“Louisiana's rhythms...into his recordings.”可知，大自然和音乐不会单独存在，因此画线词与“存在”的意思相近。 3．Which words can best describe Barnes? A．Adventurous and outgoing. B．Nature-loving and artistic. C．Determined and independent. D．Creative and generous. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Barnes, now 61, is known...the National Park Service.”以及第四段中的“Barnes retired from...photographing medicinal plants.”可推知，巴恩斯热爱自然且富有艺术细胞。 4．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．A hidden musical world in Barataria. B．The secrets of Barataria's wetlands. C．The role of music in Barataria's wildlife. D．A park keeper's passion for nature and music. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“On a full-moon night...Louisiana's Barataria Preserve.”以及第四段中的“Barnes retired from...photographing medicinal plants.”和最后一段中的“Plants and music...far from each other.”可知，本文主要讲述了公园管理员布鲁斯·巴恩斯对自然和音乐的热爱。 B (2025·常德优质高中学校联盟联考)Every six-year-old wants to be an astronaut. This career goal is right up there with firefighter, detective, cowboy and ballet dancer. Before long, though, most recognize that they do not meet, and will in fact never meet the non-negotiable physical standards for the job. In fact, survival chances for any long-term mission will be greatly improved by loosening the restrictions until all people, regardless of disability, are able to be astronauts. Here we will use the example of a totally blind astronaut. On a spacewalk in 2001, Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield was temporarily blinded by a combination of soap and tears inside his helmet. The real problem was not that he was unable to see, but it was that the current spacesuit design forces astronauts to over-rely on hand-eye cooperation to the exclusion of other useful sensory information. For blind astronauts, the priority would be to design suits with better flexibility and increased touch feedback, so the hands could be used more easily to explore and control tools. Generally speaking, in a serious accident, the first thing to go might be the lights! This often means that the first thing a sighted astronaut must do for security is ensure visual access to the environment. He hunts for a flashlight, and if emergency lighting comes on, his eyes take a moment to adjust. Meanwhile, the blind astronaut is already heading toward the source of the problem. In the fire aboard the Russian Mir space station in 1997, the crew struggled as smoke blocked their view. The blind astronaut, while still affected by the lack of good air, would not be bothered by either dull lighting or heavy smoke. She would accurately direct the fire extinguisher at the source of heat and noise. Furthermore, a blind astronaut won't feel the sickness caused by the lack of a visual horizon nor be lost by the frightening view during space walks. Similarly, there would be little reason to worry about the damage microgravity does to vision as fluid accumulates in the eye. So as a space observer, I strongly believe spaceflight can be made safer with a blind crewmate aboard. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了残疾人(以盲人为例)成为宇航员的优势。 5．What does the author imply in the first paragraph about being an astronaut? A．The dream to be an astronaut fades with age. B．Astronauts should be physically perfect. C．One with disability can also be an astronaut. D．Physical standards are not important. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In fact, survival chances...are able to be astronauts.”可推知，作者在第一段暗示了残疾人也可以成为宇航员。 6．What's the real problem during Chris Hadfield's spacewalk? A．He depended too much on his eyesight. B．He ignored other sensory information. C．He was unable to see anything in space. D．He was influenced by tears in his helmet. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The real problem...other useful sensory information.”可知，克里斯·哈德菲尔德太空行走时真正的问题是过于依赖视力，而忽视了其他有用的感官信息。 7．Why did the author mention the fire aboard the Russian Mir space station? A．To show blind astronauts are better than common astronauts. B．To show blind astronauts may have quicker reaction to danger. C．To show blind astronauts can put things into their correct place. D．To show blind astronauts are good at using fire extinguishers. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the fire aboard...at the source of heat and noise.”可推知，作者提到俄罗斯和平号空间站的火灾是为了表明盲人宇航员对危险的反应可能更快。 8．What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A．The future of spaceflight. B．The dilemma of spaceflight. C．The blind astronauts' prospects. D．The blind astronauts' advantages. D　解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要讲述了盲人宇航员的优势。 C (2025·宣城期末)Social media can be a powerful communication tool for employees, helping them to cooperate, share ideas and solve problems. Research has shown that 82% of employees think social media can improve work relationships and 60% believe it can support decision-making processes. These beliefs contribute to a majority of workers connecting with colleagues on social media, even during work hours. Employers typically worry that social media is a productivity killer. However, in my research with 277 employees of a healthcare organization I found these concerns to be misguided. Social media doesn't reduce productivity nearly as much as it causes easy job-hopping. In the first part of the study, I surveyed the employees about why and how they used social media platforms. Respondents were then asked about their work behaviors, including whether they felt motivated in their jobs and showed initiative at work. I found that employees who engage in online social interactions with coworkers through social media blogs tend to be more motivated and come up with innovative ideas. But when employees interact with individuals outside the organization, they are less motivated and show less initiative. In the second part of the study, I found 76% of employees using social media for work took an interest in other organizations they found on social media. When I examined how respondents expressed openness to new careers and employers, I found that they engaged in some key activities including researching new organizations and making new work connections. These findings present a dilemma for managers: employees using social media at work are more engaged and more productive, but they are also more likely to leave your company. Managers should implement solutions by creating social media groups in which employees will be more likely to work together and less likely to share withdrawal intentions or discussions about other job opportunities. Managers can use social media to directly reduce turnover (跳槽) intentions by recognizing employees' achievements and giving visibility to employees' success stories. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交媒体对员工的工作产生了积极影响，但同时增加了他们跳槽的可能性，并为管理者提供了合理运用社交媒体的建议。 9．What does previous research about social media reveal? A．Most employees think positively of it. B．It improves employees' work efficiency. C．It enables employees to form connections. D．Employees spend much of their work time on it. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Research has shown that 82%...can support decision-making processes.”可推知，大部分员工对社交媒体持积极看法。 10．What did the author find in his study about the effect of online social interactions? A．It differs from employee to employee. B．It tends to vary with the platform used. C．It has much to do with whom employees interact with. D．It is hard to measure when employees interact with outsiders. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I found that employees...show less initiative.”可推知，在线社交互动的效果与员工互动的对象有很大关系。 11．What problem was found with employees using social media for work? A．They seldom expressed their inner thoughts. B．Most of them explored new job opportunities. C．They were reluctant to cooperate with others. D．Many of them ended with lower productivity. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the second part of the study...they found on social media.”可知，大部分使用社交媒体工作的员工在探索新的工作机会。 12．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? A．To clarify the definition of social media at work. B．To analyze the drawbacks of social media at work. C．To compare different functions of social media at work. D．To illustrate the proper application of social media at work. D　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“Managers should implement solutions...employees' success stories.”可知，作者的写作目的是阐述如何在工作中正确应用社交媒体，解决管理者面临的问题。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·广州九区期末统考) How Body Language Can Help Your Career Many businessmen often underestimate the importance of nonverbal communication—which is often half the message. 1.____________ Imagine how much more effective your next meeting with your boss could be if only you give your nonverbal communication a little attention. These four tips can help you avoid that common mistake so you can use your body language to gain an advantage in your career. Triple Nod to Show You're Engaged 2．____________ One way you can do this non-verbally is to use the triple head nod. Three quick, small nods in a row is the nonverbal sign for “tell me more” or “I hear you, explain.” It is a great way to show that you are interested and involved. Don't Underestimate the Power of the Hands Our hands speak volumes about who we are. Our brain pays attention to hands more than any other body part because we have evolved to look at them as a safety tool to make sure people won't attack us. Whenever you have meetings, keep your hands above the table. 3.____________ Stop Using Nervous Behaviors Learn to stop displaying nervous body language so you don't risk appearing anxious or incompetent. The most common behaviors are: wringing hands, rubbing arms, biting lips. 4.____________ Ask a friend to tell you if he/she notices you're displaying any of the above behaviors. Once you know what they are, you can take actions to stop them. Mirror Other People Professionals who mirror clients' body language are more successful than those who don't. If you're a fast-talker, slowing down your speech to match the person you're talking to helps put you on the same level. 5.____________ Copying someone's closed off body language or negative tone will only increase the tension between you. A．Of course, only follow positive behaviors. B．Hold your body in a similar way as they do. C．Show you are interested in the people you speak with. D．Focus on keeping your body there unless you need to use it. E．You'll be able to use the crucial tool for delivering messages. F．Sometimes it can be hard to identify what your signs of anxiety are. G．Most people plan what they will say, but they ignore their body language. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用肢体语言的四个技巧，这能够帮助你在职业生涯中获得优势。 1．G　解析：上文讲到商人在说话时往往忽略肢体语言，下文建议人们要注意肢体语言，空处应承接上文指出人们会忽视肢体语言这一事实，并引出下文关注肢体语言的重要性。G项符合语境。 2．C　解析：根据小标题Triple Nod to Show You're Engaged和下文“Three quick, small nods...interested and involved.”可知，通过肢体语言能够展现出对交流对象的兴趣。C项符合语境。 3．E　解析：根据小标题Don't Underestimate the Power of the Hands可知，本段强调手的重要性，上文指出手能反映人的身份，大脑更关注手，且开会时保持双手在桌子上，空处应说明这样做的意义。E项符合语境。 4．F　解析：上文列举了常见的紧张行为，下文建议让朋友帮忙识别这些行为并采取措施阻止。F项符合语境，表明自己难以识别焦虑的信号，引出下文。 5．A　解析：根据上文“If you're a fast-talker...put you on the same level.”与下文“Copying someone's closed off...the tension between you.”可知，该段旨在说明模仿只应模仿积极行为。A项符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·淮安期末) Women of the Miao ethnic group in China love silver ornaments (饰品). In ancient times, the Miao people were always wandering around rather than settling down. Legend has it that in order to keep their assets with them when 1._________________(travel), Miao people chose to make their valuables into wearable accessories (配饰). In 2006, the craftsmanship (手艺) of silver ornaments by the Miao was rated as a 2._________________(represent) item of national intangible cultural heritage. Miao silver ornaments come in numerous complicated shapes and feature a delicate and luxurious shine. For the easy cleaning of silver jewelry, all the parts of the 3._________________(delicate) created headdresses (头饰) are smartly put together so they can be taken apart readily. The manufacturing process generally involves around 30 steps, 4._________________include forging, drawing, hammering, and soldering. Today, the silver jewelry industry is seeing 5.____________(great) output than ever due to technology-assisted machinery manufacturing. In Fenghuang Ancient Town, however, many silversmiths still make silver jewelry by hand, believing that hand-made jewelry has stronger 6._________________(vital). To promote 7._________________time-honored crafting skill, the local government of Fenghuang County founded a training center. Wen Dezhong, a well-known master silversmith in Fenghuang, 8._________________(commit) to promoting the traditional handicraft, has been invited to teach Miao silver making skills. Over the past decade, live streaming, along with other technology-assisted channels, 9.____________(contribute) to the growing popularity of Miao silver too, attracting more and more consumers to place orders 10._________________personalized hand-made Miao silverware. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国苗族女性的银饰，包括其历史起源、工艺特点、制作过程以及现代发展。 1．travelling　解析：考查状语从句的省略。在when引导的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词，原句为“when they were travelling”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略they were后，应保留现在分词travelling。 2．representative　解析：考查形容词。修饰名词item，应用形容词representative作定语。 3．delicately　解析：考查副词。修饰动词created，应用副词delicately作状语。 4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词30 steps，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 5．greater　解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据句意和空后的than ever可知，空处应用形容词的比较级greater作定语。 6．vitality　解析：考查名词。空处作has的宾语，应用名词vitality，且vitality是不可数名词。 7．the　解析：考查冠词。此处特指“苗族银饰这一历史悠久的工艺技能”，应用定冠词the。 8．committed　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰Wen Dezhong，be committed to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为 “致力于做某事”，应用过去分词作后置定语。 9．has contributed　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词，与主语 live streaming之间是主动关系；结合时间状语Over the past decade可知，应用现在完成时；主语live streaming是不可数名词，助动词应用has。 10．for　解析：考查介词。place orders for为固定搭配，意为“订购”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $